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UNIT4NATURAL DISASTERSSectionB Readingand Thinking必备知识基础练课后篇巩固提升I.单句语法填空
1.When therunners gotto thefinishing line,all of them werequite outofbreathe.答案breath
2.Their inventionshave contributedto thedevelopment ofelectricityengineering.答案electrical
1.1gnoring thedanger,he rushedinto thefire torescue thosetrapin thehouse.答案trapped
1.2t iswell knownthat ancientGreece wasa fountainofwise andphilosophy.答案wisdom
5.When Ifinally gotto themeeting room,the discussionhad alreadycome toend.答案an
6.Nearly twothreeof thestudents inour classlike playingfootball.答案thirds
7.The audienceapplauded whenthe chairmangot upon hisfootto speak.答案feet
8.The numberof studentsin thisschool hasincreased20percent thisyear.客剽by
9.1still remembervisiting afriend whod livedhere forfive yearsand Ishockwhen Ilearnt shehadn tcookedonce in all thattime.答案was shockedlO.The65-year-old SteveGoodwin wasfoundsuffer fromearly Alzheimers.2019•江苏卷答案sufferingn.短语填空blow away,look up,fall down,come to an end,suffer from,nothing but,cut across,in shock,in ruins,dig out
1.They hadalready reachedan agreementbefore themeeting.答案came toan end
2.Among obesechildren,about30percent alsohigh levelsof bloodsugar andfat.答案suffer from
3.For milesaround me,there wasa desert,without asingle plantor treein sight.答案nothing but
4.After theheavy floodtwo monthsago,the wholevillage wasleft.X33合条ruins
5.They triedtoacave in the sideof themountain forshelter thatnight.答案|dig out
6.Soon astrong windpassed throughand theclouds in the sky.答案blew away
7.Please theword in the dictionaryif youdon tknow how to readit.答案look up
8.The earthquakedid damage to thearea wheremany houses.答案fell down
9.In order to gainsome time,the travellersmade uptheir mindsto thisfield.答案cut across
10.He wasstill fromwhat hadhappened earlierin theafternoon.答案in shockIII.翻译句子
1.让水龙头的水一直流淌是错误的have...doing答案It iswrong tohave thewater from the taprunning allthe time.
2.看到那个歌手，她太兴奋了，一句话也说不出来（too…to…）答案Seeing thesinger,she wastoo excitedtospeak.3,乌云密布，看上去要下雨了It looksasif…答案Dark cloudsare gathering.lt looksas if it isgoing torain.4•每到一个地方，他就给自己发一张明信片（everywhere引导的状语从句）答案Everywhere hegoes,he sendshimself apostcard.
5.我喜欢早晨锻炼,因为空气呼吸起来很新鲜sth is+M/.+to do答案I liketo workout in the morning,because theair isso freshto breathe.关键能力提升练W.阅读理解Parts ofAfrica arecovered bya dark cloud.But thisis norain cloud.lt is a livingcloud madeof billionsoflocusts蝗虫that aretravelling acrossthe continenteating everythingin theirpath.And nowinthebattle tostop this disaster,a radiostation inSenegal,West Africa,is offering listeners50kilograms ofrice ifthey cancatch andkill50kilograms of locusts/We thinkthis ideawill getmore people to takepartinthewar onthe locusts/9said AbdoulayeBa,from Sud-Fm,a radiostation inone ofSenegalJ sworst affectedarea.This isWest Africas biggestlocust disasterin15years,and it is movingeast,causing hugedamage tocrops.As theymove theyproduce youngand increasetheir numberand will soon threaten Sudan inthe northeastofAfrica.Some sayit couldreach Asia.Experts saythe harmfuleffect oncrops inareas alreadysuffering fromfoodshortage andwar couldcause manypeopletogo hungry.Governments inthe areasare notwell equippedtofight thepest.Although leadersof12countries haveagreed ona plan,it isnot expectedto beenough.We arenow treating6,000hectares（公顷）per day with pesticide（杀虫剂）,but weneed totreat20,000hectares perday inorderto have any hope of controlling thisdisaster,^said Mohamed Abdallahi OuldBabah,director of locust control inMauritania.Requests arebeing madefor internationalaid,which isthe onlyway tolimit thedisaster,the UNs FoodandAgriculture Organizationwarned.【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文这篇短文讲述的是非洲的部分地区遭受了非常严重的蝗虫灾害,造成了很大的损失现在政府及其他国家的领袖都已经采取措施，展开行动，消灭蝗虫电台也呼吁更多的人加入与蝗虫的战斗中来l.By usingdarkcloud“to describelocusts inthe firstparagraph,the authorofthearticle.A.shows thesize andspeed ofthe massoflocusts
6.suggests thegreat damagethat locustscan causeC.warns thatlocusts wouldsweep thecontinent likerain cloudsD.both Aand BH]D画推理判断题根据第一段可知，非洲部分地区被乌云覆盖，但这并不是雨云,而是由数十亿只蝗虫组成的活云，它们正在穿越非洲大陆，吃掉路上的所有东西可推知，这里是用乌云来形容蝗虫的大小、速度和危害故选D项
2.The storyis mainlyabout.A.West Africa,s unitedeffort infighting adisasterB.the difficultyin controllinglocustsC.how locustscaused greatdamagetoWest AfricaD.a struggleto fightagainst adisaster broughtby locustsin West AfricaIgD画主旨大意题根据第一段可知，非洲部分地区被乌云覆盖，但这并不是雨云,而是由数十亿只蝗虫组成的活云，它们正在穿越非洲大陆，吃掉路上的所有东西结合文章主要讲的是非洲西部发生的严重的蝗虫灾害，而且各方面正为消灭蝗虫而做着努力由此可知,文章主要讲述的是一场与西非蝗虫带来的灾难作斗争的故事故选D项
3.The locustdisaster.A.would beeven moreserious inAsiaB.is outof controlC.affected onlythe warningareasD.cannot bestopped unlesstwice asmuch pesticideis providedfor theaffected areas9B解近细节理解题根据第四段中“We arenow treating6,000hectares perdaywithpesticide,but weneed totreat20,000hectares perday inordertohaveanyhopeofcontrollingthisdisaster,said MohamedAbdallahi OuldBabah,direc toroflocustcontrolinMauritania.”可知,毛里塔尼亚蝗虫控制中心主任MohamedAbdallahiOuldBabah说:“我们现在每天要处理6000公顷的蝗虫，但是我们需要每天处理20000公顷的蝗虫，这样才有希望控制这场灾难”由此可知,蝗虫灾害目前失去了控制故选B项
4.Which ofthe followingis WRONGA.Sud-Fm offersa rewardfor fightinglocusts sothat morepeople willjoin inthe effort.B.Senegal isto thesouthwestof Sudan.C.The locustscan causesuch damagemainly becauseit hasno naturalenemy inWestAfrica.D.12countries affectedby locustshave unitedbut stilllack pesticide.#Mlc解析细节理解题根据第二段中“And nowinthebattle tostop thisdisasters radiostation inSenegal,West Africansofferinglisteners50kilograms ofrice ifthey cancatch andkill50kilograms oflocusts.“可知，现在，在阻止这场灾难的战斗中，西非塞内加尔的一家电台向听众提供50千克大米，如果他们能够捕捉并杀死50千克蝗虫的话由此可知,A选项“苏丹南方发展联盟一调频广播电台为抗击蝗虫提供奖励，以便更多的人参与这项努力“正确;根据第三段中“As theymove theyproduce youngand increasetheirnumber andwillsoonthreatenSudaninthenortheast ofAfrica.”可次口,B选项“塞内力口尔在苏丹的西南部”正确;根据倒数第二段中“Although leadersof12countries haveagreed ona plan,itisnot expectedto beenough.可知，尽管12个国家的领导人已经就一项计划达成一致,但预计这还不够由此可知,D选项“受蝗虫影响的12个国家已经联合起来，但仍然缺乏杀虫剂“正确只有C选项“蝗虫能造成这样的破坏主要是因为它们在西非没有天敌”文章没有提到C选项错误故选C项V.七选五A volcanoisageological landformusually causedby theeruption throughavent（火山□）inaplanet ssurfaceof magma（岩浆）,molten rockwelling upfromtheplanet,s interior.1A popularway ofjudging volcanoesgoes by their frequency（频率）of eruption.2Those that have eruptedin historical timesbut arenow quietcalled dormant（休眠的）and thosethathavenot erupted inhistoricaltimescalled extinct.3The lifespanof a volcano canvary frommonths toseveral millionyears,making suchadistinction（辨另ij）sometimes meaninglesswhen comparedto thelifespans ofhumans oreven civilisations.Forexample,many ofthe earths volcanoeshave erupteddozens oftimes inthe pastfew thousandyears butare notcurrentlyshowing signsof eruption.Given thelong lifespanof suchvolcanoes,they arevery active.4Scientists usuallyconsider avolcano active ifitis currentlyerupting orshowing signsof unrest,such asunusualearthquake activityor significantnew gasemissions.5It isimportant tonote thatthe spanof recordedhistorydiffers fromregion toregion.In theMediterranean,recorded historyreaches backmore than3,000yearsbut inthe PacificNorthwest ofthe UnitedStates,it reachesback lessthan300years,and inHawaii,little morethan200years.The SmithsonianGlobal Volcanismprogramme sdefinition of“active”is havingerupted withinthelast10,000years.A.By ourlifespans,however,they arenot.B.Those thaterupt regularlycalled active.C.One wayof classifyingvolcanoes isbythetype ofmaterial erupted.D.Obviously,such eruptionstend tobe destructivemainly inone direction.E.Many scientistsalso consider avolcano activeifit haseruptedinhistoric time.F.There isno realagreement amongvolcanologists onhowtodefine an“active“volcano.G.Volcanoes ofvarious typesare foundon otherplanets andtheir moonsas wellas onthe earth.答案与解析【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了火山的三种类型:活火山、休眠火山和死火山LG根据第二段中提到的火山的三种类型可知，所填的句子是引出下文的过渡句,G项符合语境
2.B根据下文的“Those.…and those…可知，此处介绍的是火山的三种类型,所填的句子和后面的句子是并列关系,所以选B项
3.F所填的句子是本段的主题句本段主要介绍的是活火山按照火山的寿命来看，它是活火山;按照人类的寿命来看,它不是，因此对于活火山科学家的意见不一致,所以选F项
4.A与上文的“Given thelong lifespanof suchvolcanoes,they arevery active.”形成对比,所以填A项
5.E根据“Scientists usuallyconsideravolcanoactive…可知,E项是对上文的进一步说明。
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