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与上下文一致故选A【题详解】17根据下文u floating homes are fixed to the shore and are usually connected to the local sewer（污水管道）system and漂浮房屋固定在岸边，通常连接到当地的下水道系统和电网）和power grid.”“They arestructurally similarto houses.（它们在结构上类似于在陆地上建造的房屋）可知，此处讲述漂浮房屋的建立，下文用陆地房屋built onland与漂浮房屋进行比较，项（不像可以很容易地移动和E“Unlike houseboatwhich caneasily bemoved andrelocated重新安置的的游艇）”符合语境，说明了漂浮房屋与游艇不一样，需要固定在岸边，不移动和重新安置故选E【题详解】18下文“Siti Boelen,the Schoonschipresident,says thatwhen shefirst movedin,stormy weathermade herthink twice.You feelit inyour stomach/9she says,adding thatshe hasgotten used to the feeling.（Schoonschip居民SitiBoelen说，当她第一次搬进来时，暴风雨的天气让她三思“你感受到你的胃在翻腾，”她说，并补充说她已经习惯了这种感觉）可知，居民对于暴风雨天气起初很紧张，后来逐渐习惯，因此推断空出应是讲述暴风雨”SitiBoelen中的情况，与项（狂风暴雨，甚至是过往G“Severe windand rain,or eventhe passingships,can rockthe buildings的船只，都会撼动建筑物）”符合上下文，故选G【题详解】19上文（漂Floating homesalso requireextra infrastructure and work to connect to the electricity grid and sewer system.浮房屋还需要额外的基础设施和工作来连接到电网和下水道系统）可知，浮动房屋的建造需要额外基础设施的建立和额外的工作，因此需要资金投入，结合下文“If there are floods,ifs expectedthat manypeople willmove tohigher ground.But thealternative is to stay close to coastal cities and explore expansion onto the water/9says Rutgerde（“如果发生洪水，预计许多人将搬到更高的地方但一种选择是留在沿海的城市，探索向水上扩张Graaf.Rutger）可知，如果发生洪水，人们会搬到高处，但是也可以选择探索向水上扩张，因此推断虽然浮动房de Graafi^”o屋的建造会需要大量开支，但是如果发生洪水，浮动房屋的会有益处，因此推断受益可能大于开支，项B（浮动房屋的收益可能大于开支）”符合语境,承上启下故选“ButthebeneEts mayoutweigh thecostsBo【题详解】20下文.“Thats unavoidablemerely half a century away.We needto startnow toincrease thescale offloating developments（这在半个世纪之后是不可避免的我们需要从现在开始，扩大浮动开发的规模）”可知，指代上文提that到的事情，空处应是讲述不可避免的事情，承接上文浮动房屋是为了应对洪水爆发，海平面上升，因此推断不可避免的事情是指发生洪水，海平面上升，人们会流离失所，项F“Hundreds ofmillions ofpeople willbe displaced（数亿人将因海平面上升而流离失所）”符合语境，下文倡导现在就需要开始漂浮房屋的研发by sealevel rise故选F第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分分）第一节（共小题;每小题分，满分分）3015115Children arenaturally curiousbeings,but gettingthem to study somethingthey arentinterested incan be a difficulttask.Teachers oftenfind themselvestrying toreward in the21of starsor threatof punishment.But whatif rewards andthreats arentthe22Natural curiosityis sometimesreferred toas internal motivation”.Studies havefound thatchildren who see learningas23and importantare betterat it.And itseasy tounderstand why——its difficulttostudysomething wearent
24.External motivation,things likerewardsandpunishment,does haveits25too.Motives forachieving goodgrades orfear of being punished have been26to benefit older students.However,it seems that at an earlyage,it doesnthave asmucheffect.So fbrthis group,how canwe stimulatethat27According tosome experts,the keyis to28some degree of freedom.Let thechild seetheir learning as their29will.Ifyou wantto teacha childto read,let themchoose whichbook theyuse.Whether itsa comicbook orclassic literature—the aimof stimulatingtheir desirefor readingis still30,Likewise,31a relationshipwith themas learners—listen to their negativefeelings.Explain whyan activityis valuable,even ifit isrTt32fun.So it seems that the most33way ofmotivating children,especially theyoung ones,might34stimulating thatinternal motivation.Maybe itstime torelease themfrom thereigns of threats andrewards,and givethema bitmore35_of howthey learn.
21.A.form B.name C.order D.right
22.A.examples B.answers C.experiments D.thoughts
23.A.frustrating B.ordinary C.overwhelming D.fun
24.A.ashamed ofB.annoyed withC.grateful forD.passionate about
25.A.causes B.outputs C.uses D.principles
26.A.acknowledged B.restricted C.challenged D.treated
27.A.discussion B.creativity C.interest D.demand
28.A.allow B.pass C.sense D.monitor
29.A.social B.strong C.frank D.free
30.A.affected B.explained C.analyzed D.met
31.A.test B.build C.admit D.refresh
32.A.visually B.slightly C.exactly D.originally
33.A.effective B.humble C.private D.traditional
34.A.end upB.come fromC.commit toD.set offC.judge D.doubt
35.A.level B.choice【答案】
25.C
26.A
27.C
28.A
29.D
30.D
31.
21.A
22.B
23.D
24.DB
32.C
33.A
34.B
35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了如何激励孩子向成功进发题详解】[21考查名词词义辨析句意老师们经常发现自己试图用重要人物的形式奖励或用威胁的方式惩罚学生A.form形式；名字;命令;权力根据下文中的以及语境可知，此处指的B.name C.order D.right“or threatof punishment”是奖励学生的“形式”故选项A【题详解】22考查名词词义辨析句意但如果奖励和威胁不是解决办法呢？榜样；解决办法；A.examples B.answers C.实验；思想根据最后一段experiments D.thoughts“So itseemsthat the most13way ofmotivatingchildren,especially theyoung ones,might14stimulating thatinternal motivation.v可知，本文只要是在寻求激励孩子学习的方法，由此可知，此处指的是奖励与惩罚若不是解决问题的“解决办法”，怎么办故选项B【题详解】23考查形容词词义辨析句意研究发现，视学习为乐趣和重要的事情的孩子更擅长学习令人沮丧A.frustrating的;普通的;压倒性的；有趣的根据下文中的可知，此处应该B.ordinary C.overwhelming D.fun“and important”是与“重要的”并列，即把学习视为“有趣的”符合语境故选项D【题详解】24考查形容词短语辨析句意这很容易理解一一学习我们不感兴趣的东西是很困难的对……感到A.ashamedof羞耻；对烦恼;感激;热衷于根据上文中的B.annoyed withC.grateful forD.passionate aboutStudies havefound thatchildrenwhoseelearningas3and importantare betterat it.And itseasy tounderstand可知，研究发现把学习视为重要的孩子更擅长学习，由此也就不难理解“学习自己不‘喜欢的事情会很why...难”了故选项D【题详解】25考查名词词义辨析句意外在动机，比如奖励和惩罚，也有它的用处原因；输出；A.causes B.outputs C.uses用处;D.principles原则根据下文中的uMotives forachieving goodgrades orfearofbeingpunishedhavebeen6to可知，基于好成绩或者是害怕惩罚的动机对一些年长的孩子是benefitolderstudents.”有益的，由此可知，此处指的是“有用处”故选项C【题详解】26考查动词词义辨析句意基于取得好成绩或害怕惩罚的刺激被认为是激励年长学生的方法承A.acknowledged认；B.restricted限制；C.challenged挑战；D.treated对待根据下文中的uHowever,itseemsthat atan earlyage,itdoesnt have as mucheffect.n可知，空处的内容与此内容相反，既然对于年龄较小的孩子来说没有那么大的效果，由此可推知，对年长一点的孩子来说已经被“承认”是有效果的故选项A【题详解】27考查名词词义辨析句意所以，基于这一群体，我们该如何激发这种兴趣呢？讨论；A.discussion B.creativity创新；C.interest兴趣；D.demand要求根据上文中的uNatural curiosityis sometimesreferred toas internal可知，内在动机是孩子把学习视为乐趣和重要的关键，结合下文中的motivation”.”“According tosome experts,thekey isto8some degreeoffreedom.,,以及语境可知，要获取学习的效果，关键要给孩子一定的自由，由此可推断，此空指的激发孩子的“兴趣”故选项C【题详解】28考查动词词义辨析句意根据一些专家的说法，关键是要允许一定程度的自由允许；通过；A.allow B.pass感觉；监视根据下文中的可C.sense D.monitor“Let thechild seetheir learningas their9will.知，此处指的是“允许”孩子有一定的自由故选项A【题详解】29考查形容词词义辨析句意让孩子把他们的学习看作是他们的自由意志社交的；强壮的；A.social B.strong坦白的；自由的根据上文中的C.frank D.free“According tosome experts,the keyisto8some以及下文讲述的让孩子读书的事例可知，此处指的是给孩子“自由的”意愿故选项degreeoffreedom.D【题详解】30考查动词词义辨析句意无论是漫画书还是经典文学，激发他们阅读欲望的目的依然得到满足影A.affected响；解释；分析；满足结合句意以及上文中的B.explained C.analyzed D.met“Whether itsa comicbook orclassicliterature一the aimof stimulatingtheir desirefor readingv可知，此处指的是无论什么书，都能“满足”他们读书欲望的目的故选项D【题详解】31考查动词词义辨析句意同样地，以学习者的身份与他们建立关系一一倾听他们的负面情绪测试；A.test B.建立；承认；使振作根据下文中的可知，此处指的是build C.admit D.refresh“listen to their negativefeelings.”通过倾听他们的负面情绪与他们“建立”关系故选项B【题详解】32考查副词词义辨析句意解释为什么一项活动是有价值的，即使它并不完全有趣外表上；A.visually B.slightly稍微；C.exactly完全；D.originally起初根据上文中的Explain whyan activityis valuable,even if...v可知，此空与上文内容为让步关系，由此可推断，此处表示即使不“完全”有趣，也可以解释为什么活动有价值了故选项C【题详解】33考查形容词词义辨析句意因此，激励孩子，尤其是年轻孩子的最有效的方法可能来自于激发这种内在动机有效的；谦逊的；自私的；传统的结合文章主题以及下文中的A.effective B.humble C.private D.traditional可知，激发孩子的内在动力是最“有效的”方法故选项“stimulating thatinternalmotivation”A【题详解】34考查动词短语辨析句意因此，激励孩子，尤其是年轻孩子的最有效的方法可能来自于激发这种内在动机A.结束；来自于；交付；出发，引起结合语境以及句意可知，此处表示endup B.come fromC.commit toD.setoff的是激励孩子的方法“来自于”激发内在动力故选项B【题详解】35考查名词词义辨析句意也许是时候让他们摆脱威胁和奖励的统治了，让他们在如何学习方面有更多的选择水平；选择；法官；怀疑根据上文中的A.level B.choice C.judge D.doubt“Maybe itstime torelease themfrom thereignsofthreatsand rewardsv以及and可知，此处与空格所在的内容并列，让孩子摆脱威胁和奖励的统治，对他们减少限制，也就是给他们更多“选择”故选项B第二节共小题;每小题分，满分分1015阅读下面短文，在空白处填入个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1The pianousedtobearare foreignimport inChina,now fourin fiveare made here.Much ofthis can36trace backto the tinyChinese islandnamed Gulangyu.After the first OpiumWar in1842,foreign powersforced theemperor topermit theirresidents37live inseveral通商口岸.treaty ports”One ofthose wasXiamen.Gulangyu,which liesjust385-minute ferryride offshore,was an侨民international settlement.Expatriates helpedmake thepiano aneveryday amusement.There wassoon39hard a独奏会.family on the islandthat did not host or go to hear an evening recitalIt wasthe largestnumber ofpianos perperson inChina40led toa streamof outstandingmusicians.The islandsmost大合唱celebrated musicianis YinChengzong.In1969he arrangedan earlierrevolutionary cantatainto the“YellowRiver PianoConcerto^^.It remainsChinas first-class41compose.Where onceWestern classicalmusic42flow intoChina,pianists arepouring out.Of the50m children43learn theinstruments worldwide,as manyas40m may beChinese.The governmentinvests generouslyon orchestras,44now numberover80,and newconcert halls.（）Fastidious parentsand coolyoung thingscrowd45they tohear thelatest wunderkind,Lang Lang,Li YunDiand YujaWang,to namejust afew.【答案】
36.be traced
37.to live
38.a
39.hardly
40.that
41.composition
42.flowed
43.learning
44.which
45.them【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章介绍了钢琴在中国的历史及其它的普及【题详解】36考查语态句意这其中的许多故事要追溯到中国的一座小岛一一鼓浪屿结合情态动词主语can,Much ofthis和谓语动词是被动关系，谓语用情态动词的被动语态（）故填trace can be donebe tracedo【题详解】37考查不定式句意在年第一次鸦片战争之后，外国势力强迫清朝皇帝批准外国人居住在几处“通商口岸”1842固定搭配（允许某人做某事），用不定式形式故填permitsb.todosth.live tolive【题详解】38考查冠词句意鼓浪屿位于离厦门只有五分钟轮渡距离的近海上，那时它成为了一处国际化的定居点泛指“一段五分钟轮渡距离”，且的发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词故填“5”a a【题详解】39考查副词句意很快，岛上儿乎每家每户都会举办或聆听晚间演奏会结合后面的“didnothostorgotohearan（独奏会）”，用表否定的副词（几乎不、几乎没有）作状语故填eveningrecitalhardly hardly【题详解】40考查强调句型句意正是人均拥有钢琴数量为全国之最才导致岛上涌现出了一大批优秀的音乐家本句是“16+被强调部分+其它”强调句型结构，此处被强调部分是主语111@1/\¥110+the largestnumber ofpianos per指物，用故填person inChina,thato thato【题详解】41考查名词句意这部协奏曲仍是中国最著名的管弦乐作品结合主语和可知，用单数名词It Chinasfirst-class作表语故填composition,composition0【题详解】42考查时态句意曾经，西方古典音乐传入中国的地方，现在钢琴演奏家们不断涌现空处为从句谓语动词，结合时间状语从句谓语动词用一般过去时故填once,flow flowed【题详解】43考查现在分词句意全世界学习钢琴的五千万儿童中，中国儿童可能多达四千万本句已有谓语且无maybe连词，动词用非谓语形式，逻辑主语与动词是主谓关系，用现在分词（）表主动，learn childrenlearn learndoing作后置定语故填learning【题详解】44考查定语从句关系词句意中国政府投入大笔资金培养管弦乐队（目前总数已超过支）以及建造新的音乐80厅该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词rchestras,which故填whicho【题详解】45考查代词句意挑剔的家长和时髦的年轻人挤满了音乐厅，前来聆听最新的天才音乐家的演奏，这些音乐家包括郎朗、李云迪和王羽佳，仅举几例动词后接宾语，用宾格指代上文“音乐厅”故填crowd them,themo第四部分写作（共两节，满分分）40第一节（满分分）
15.假如你是李华你的留学生朋友给你来信，很想了解上周你们班组织的“讲述时代英雄故事”的主题46Kitty班会请你给她回信，内容包括.班会简介（主题、目的、内容等）；1班会效果
2.注意.写作词数应为左右；
180.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯3Dear Kitty,Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Kitty,To encourageus studentsto learn from contemporaryheroes,a class meeting themedTelling StoriesofContemporary Heroes,,was heldlast Monday.Tm gladthat youare interestedin it.During themeeting,I vividlytold thestories ofa heroicveteran,who mygroup hadinterviewed lastSunday.Throughout thewhole classmeeting,we wereimmersed in the deedsof heroesin differentfields.In theend,our teachermadea briefsummary andcalled onus to learnfromthose heroes.We wereall movedby thestories andpromised to take thoseheroes asour rolemodel in the futurelife.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文要求考生给留学生朋友写信，介绍上周班级组织的“讲述时代英雄Kitty故事”主题班会【详解】.词汇积累1高兴的glad—happy/pleased讲述一tell narrate行为一deed behaviour感动move—touch.句式拓展2简单句变复合句原句To encourageus studentsto learnfrom contemporaryheroes a classmeetingthemed“Telling StoriesofContemporary Heroes“was heldlast Monday.拓展句To encourageus studentstolearnfrom contemporaryheroes,aclassmeeting whosetheme isTelling StoriesofContemporary Heroes”was heldlast Monday.【点睛】[高分句型（运用了引导宾语从句）1]Tm galdthat youare interestedin it.that[高分句型2]During themeeting,I vividlynarrated thestories ofa heroicveteran,who mygroup hadinterviewed last（运用了引导非限制性定语从句）Sunday.who第二节（满分分）25阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
47.When thingswent wrong,Ittleby Fein always hadsomething niceto say.When Dadforgot about the pizzaand itburned,Ittleby comfortedhim bysaying itwould stilltaste good.And hewasright.The pizzaedges weredark andcrispy,but themiddle wasnthalf bad.When Ittlebysfriend Davidgot alow scoreonthe spellingtest,Ittleby saidthat hewould dobetter next time.And,sure enough,David studiedhardand got100percent the next week.When histeacher,Mr D,bumped intoa bookstandin thelibrary,Ittleby toldhim not toworry asMrs Bogwouldnt beupset.He wasright.The librarianjust laughedand helpedpick upthe books.Ittleby lookedon thebright side.And everyoneliked thatabout him.Everyone,that is,except Hazel.Hazel wasthenew kidintheclass.On herfirst day,Ittleby said,“Nice tomeet you,Hazel.I thinkyoull likeit here.^^Hazel staredat him.I doubtit.Ittleby didntknow whatto do.Hed nevermet anyonelike Hazel.（休息）When MrD saidtheyd haverecess insidebecause of the rain,Ittleby said,Every cloudhas asilver lining.”A silverlining”Hazel shookher head.Clouds arewhite.Maybe gray.Where doyou getthis stuff”Ittleby feltas ifthewind hadbeen knockedout ofhim.Outside thewindow,the cloudshad rolledover thesun.The roomfelt darker.“Bad thingscome inthrees,“said Hazel.No outdoorrecess isnumber one.What willthe secondthing be”Theclass didnthave towait longto findout.（托盘）（绊彳到）,Greta wascarrying atray ofpaints duringart class.She trippedand thepaint wentflying.Therewas blueon thefloor andred andblack on the walls.Hazel declaredit tobe thesecond badthing.Ittleby didntknow whattosay.Hazel seemedso sureabouttheRule ofThree BadThings.注意.续写词Emma cameto lookat Ittleby^painting-Its beautiful.I especiallylike thegrassland.^she said.1数应为词左右；
150.请按如下格式在相应位置作答2She pickedit up,not realizingshe hadpaint onher fingers.“Want toadd one,Ittleby askedHazel,holding thepainting inhis hands.【答案】She pickedit up,not realizingshe hadpaint onher fingers.Hazel pointedand said,Ittleby^picture ismessedup!Theres numberthree.Instead ofbeing angry,Ittleby said,“If Iadd wings,the fingerprintscould looklikebutterflies.Slowly andcarefully,Ittleby added wings toall the fingerprints.Miraculously,there werebutterflies on thepainting.Then Ittlebysaid,Hey,lets makea seaof butterflies.Everyone,dip afinger into the paints,and makea butterflyonmy painting.,,Everyone wasexcited andleft afingerprint onIttleby^painting.A seaof colorfulbutterflies appeared.But onlyHazel didntmake one.“Want toadd one^^Ittleby askedHazel,holding thepainting inhis hands.Hazel thoughtabout it,and thennodded.She dippedher fingerintotheyellow paintand gentlypressed itonto Ittlebyspainting.She carefullyaddedwings,tryingher bestnottomess Ittleby^painting.She madea reallybeautiful butterflywith abroad smile.It looksgreat Jsaid Ittleby.In fact,bad things happen,but good thingshappen,too.And sometimes,there aregood thingshiding whereyou dontexpect them.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了是个乐观的孩子，当事情变糟糕的时候，总是说些好听Ittleby Ittleby的话，因此同学们都很喜欢他，但是新来的同学并不喜欢他有一天下雨了，所以老师让同学们在室内Hazel课间休息，认为这是一件糟糕的事情，而且她认为坏事成三，所以她认为接下来还会发生不好的事情Hazel在美术课上，同学端着一盘颜料，结果摔倒了，颜料溅的到处都是，认为这是第二件坏事接着同Greta Hazel学看到了的画，觉得很漂亮，于是拿起来看了看，但是没有意识到自己手上有颜料Emma Ittleby【详解】.段落续写1
①由第一段首句内容“她捡了起来，没有意识到手指上有颜料”可知，第一段可描写画被弄脏了后，Ittleby如何巧妙应对
②由第二段首句内容“‘想再加一个吗,手里拿着那幅画问”可知，第二段可描写邀请Ittleby HazelIttleby Hazel加入他们，并让她明白“坏事时有发生，但好事也会发生有时候，好东西就藏在你意想不到的地方”.续写线索给指纹加上翅膀，画成蝴蝶一一邀请同学留下指纹，画出很多蝴蝶一一邀请留下指2Ittleby Hazel纹一一将的指纹画成一只漂亮的蝴蝶Ittleby Hazel行为类
①出现appear/show up
②发生happen/take place/occur
③预料情绪类expect/anticipate
①生气的angry/mad/annoyed【答案】l.c
2.D
3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文主要介绍了到挪威游览的行程安排【题详解】1推理判断题根据第——段“Once backat thehotel you911have atalk fromRowan Hooper,who willexplore whythe（回到酒店后,您将与罗恩•胡珀交谈，他将探讨为什么北极对地Arctic isimportant tothe well-being of the planet.球福祉是重要的）”可知，罗恩•胡珀探索北极对地球福祉的重要性，推测他是一位生态学家故选C【题详解】细节理解题根据第三段2“Upon arrival,youll takea fastferry toSenja Island,where theAurora BorealisObservatoryis yourhone for the night.In theevening,astronomer AbigailBeall willhold atalk on the sciencebehind the什氐达后,Northern Lightsbefore youhave theopportunity tosearch forthe NorthernLights yourself.您将乘坐快速渡轮前往塞纳岛，在那里，北极光天文台是您的夜间之选晚上，天文学家阿比盖尔•比尔将在你有机会亲自寻找北极光之前，就北极光背后的科学进行一次演讲）”可知，你将在塞纳岛看到北极光故选D【题详解】细节理解题根据中3DAY5“As youpass throughthe frozencoastline,youll getan opportunityto look.（当你穿过冰冻的海岸线时，你将有机会寻找海雕、海豹和鲸鱼）”可知，在第for seaeagles,seals andwhales五天，你可能会看到鲸鱼故选CMy queststarted whenI wason theNew Yorksubway.Some childrenwere whining.Four trainscame screaminginto（蜷缩）一the station at once.I putmy handsover myears andcowered thenoise wasdeafening.In cities,the ever-presentdull background roar of planes,cars,machinery andvoices isa fact of life.There isno escapefrom itand itwas beginningto drive me mad.In anattempt torecapture somepeace,I decidedto goon amission tofind thequietest placeon Earth to discover（肖声室）whether absolute silence exists.The oneplace I was mostexcited aboutvisiting was an anechoic chamber inMinnesota.Ironically,far frombeing peaceful,most peoplefind itsperfect quietupsetting.And yetI bookeda45-minutesession-no onehad managedto stayin forthat longbefore.When theheavy doorshut behindme,I wasplunged intodarkness-all lightswere turnedoff becausethey couldalso makea noise.For thefirst fewseconds,being insuch aquiet placefelt likeheaven,a remedyfor myunsettled nerves.Then,
②激动的excited/thrilled【点睛】[高分句型（运用了引导条件状语从句）1]If Iadd wings,thefingerprintscould looklike butterflies.if[高分句型.（运用了现在分词短语作伴2]“Want toadd one^Ittleby askedHazel,holding thepainting inhis hands随状语）[高分句型（运用了弓|导地点3]And sometimes,therearegoodthingshiding whereyou dontexpectthem.where状语从句）after aminute ortwo,I becameaware of the soundof mybreathing.As theminutes tickedby,the beatof myheart becameapparent.Then Iheard astrange,metallic scrapingnoise.Was Ihallucinating Thefeeling of peace wasspoiled byasensation ofdisappointment-this placewasnt quietat all.Then Istopped obsessingabout whatbodily functionsI couldhear andbegan toenjoy itI didntfeel afraidand cameoutonly becausemy timewas up.Everyone wasimpressed thatId beatenthe record,but havingspent solong searchingforquiet,Iwascomfortable with thefeelingof absolutestillness.Afterward,I feltwonderfully restedand calm.My desirefor silencechanged mylife.I foundmaking spacefor momentsof quietin myday isthe keyto happiness.If youcan occasionallybecome master of your own sound environment—from turningoff thephone totaking atrip tothecountryside youll become a lot more accepting of the noises of everyday life.
4.What pushedthe authorto seeka changeA.The annoyingkids.B.Loud chatsin stations.C.The roarof subway.D.Endless noisesin dailylife.A.It mightgive perfectsilence.B.It launcheda timechallenge.
5.Why didthe authorpick theanechoic chamber in MinnesotaC.It offeredprofessional guidance.D.It wasthe onlyone ofits kind.A.He startedtalking tohimself.
8.He heardsounds fromthe outside.C.He madesome mentaladjustments.D.He feltscared inthefirstfew minutes.
7.What messagedoes thetext conveyA.Noises stopus frommaking progress.
9.Moments ofinner quietbetter ourlives.C.We shouldbravely overcomeour fears.D.A stateofpeaceand calmis hardto attain.【答案】
4.D
5.A
6.C
7.B
6.What happenedwhen theauthor wasintheanechoicchamber【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文文章通过作者逃避噪音，寻求安静的过程，告诉读者内心平静的时刻使人们的生活更美好【题详解】4细节理解题根据第一段中“In cities,the ever-present dullbackgroundroarofplanes,cars,machinery andvoices isa（在城市里，无处不在的飞机、汽车、factoflife.There isno escapefrom itand itwas beginning todrivememad.机器和人声的沉闷轰鸣声是生活的现实它无处可逃，快要把我逼疯了）”可知，是日常生活中无休止的噪音促使作者寻求改变故选项D【题详解】5细节理解题根据第二段“In anattempt torecapture somepeace,I decidedto goonamission tofind thequietest placeonEarthtodiscover whetherabsolutesilenceexists.The oneplace Iwas mostexcited aboutvisiting wasan anechoic（消声室）（为了重新获得一些平静，我决定去执行一项任务，找到地球上最安静的地方，chamberinMinnesota.看看绝对的安静是否存在最让我兴奋的地方是明尼苏达州的一个消声室）”可知，因为明尼苏达州的消声室可能会带来完美的安静，作者选择了它故选项A【题详解】6细节理解题根据倒数第二段中“Then Istopped obsessingabout whatbodily functionsI couldhear andbegan toenjoy（然后，我不再纠结于我能听到什么这项身体功能，我开始享受它）”可知，在消声室里作者做了一些心理it.调整故选项C【题详解】7主旨大意题根据最后一段中“I foundmaking spacefor momentsof quietin myday isthe keyto happiness.If youcanoccasionally becomemasterofyourownsoundenvironment-from turningoff thephone totaking atrip tothe countryside,（我发现在每天的生活中为安静的时刻留出空间是youllbecomealotmoreacceptingofthenoisesofeverydaylife.幸福的关键如果你偶尔能成为自己声音环境的主人一一从关掉手机到去乡下旅行，你会变得更能接受日常生活中的噪音）”可知，本文传达了内心平静的时刻让我们的生活更好的信息故选项BCMosquitofish maylook small,but theseinvasive fishare athreat.Outside oftheir range,they defeatother freshwater（捕食者）,creatures,like fishesand tadpoles,and feaston theireggs.Since theyhave fewnatural predatorstheirpopulation goesunchecked asthey causedamage tonative wildlife.Fortunately,scientists havenow inventeda newtool meantto intimidatemosquitofish:a roboticfish.Instead ofkilling them one by one,were presentingan approachthat caninform betterstrategies to control them,“said GiovanniPolverino,a biologistattheUniversity ofWestern Australia.6€We madetheir worst nightmare become real:a robotthatscares the mosquitofish but not the other animals around it.”The robot,which resemblesa largemouthbass,one ofthe mosquitofish^natural predators,was equippedwith acamerato recognizemosquitofish andtadpoles.The researchersset up12tanks withsix mosquitofishand sixtadpoles ineachone andallowed thecreatures toadapt fora weekbefore meetingthe robot.For onehour twicea weekfor fiveweeks,each group was placed ina tank with the robot.In the robotic fishspresence,the mosquitofishspent moretime gettingtogether,and theirswimming became moreunstable.With the mosquitofish anxiousand scared,the tadpolesventured outmore.These effectseven lastedforweeks after the finalmeet with the robot.When thecreatures returnedto theirtanks,the mosquitofishswam ata lowerspeed and didnt eat as much,which aresigns ofanxiety.No change,on the other hand,canbe detected on tadpoles.Whats more,the mosquitofishspent somuch energyliving interror thatthey lostweight.Males bodyshapes alsochangedto becomemore streamlined,likely sothey canescape morequickly whentheyre scared.Though thestudy showedpromising results,these robotscant bereleased intothe wateryet.The teamstill needstounderstand thelong-term impactson otherwildlife anddownstream effectsontheecosystem asa whole.But Polverinosays theyachieved theirmain goal:to provefear canaffect thesurvival ofmosquitofish.A.Poison.B.Attract.C.Frighten.D.Recognize.
8.What doesthe underlinedword intimidate“mean inparagraph
29.How didthe researcherscarry outthe experimentA.By comparingbehaviors oftwo species.B.By interviewingthe inventorofthe robot.C.By collectingdata fromprevious studies.D.By observingthe lifecycle ofmosquitofish.A.They becamestronger.B.They wereless active.
10.What wasthe changeofthe mosquitofishC.They startedattacking easily.D.They showedlittle change.
11.What isPolverinos attitudetowards therobotic fishA.Approving.B.Disappointed.C.Objective.D.Skeptical.【答案】
8.C
9.A
10.B
11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章讲述了微小的食蚊鱼威胁其他淡水生物的生存，科学家利用机器鱼使食蚊鱼恐慌，从而减少食蚊鱼带来的威胁，促进水域的生态平衡【题详解】词句猜测题由第二段中的8“Fortunately,scientists havenow inventeda newtool meantto intimidate（幸运的是，科学家们现在发明了一种用来食蚊鱼的新工具:机器mosquitofish:a roboticfish.intimidate鱼）”和“We madetheir worstnightmare becomereal:a robotthat scaresthe mosquitofishbut nottheotheranimals（我们让食蚊鱼最可怕的噩梦变成了现实一条机器鱼，它会吓到食蚊鱼，但不会吓到周around it.围的其他动物）”可知，机器鱼可以吓到食蚊鱼，但不会吓到它周围的其他动物由此可推知，科学家发明了一种机器鱼使食蚊鱼恐慌，故与（使惊恐）意思相近故选项intimidate frightenC【题详解】9推理判断题由第三段中“The researchersset up12tanks withsix mosquitofishand sixtadpoles ineach oneandallowed thecreatures toadapt fora weekbefore meetingtherobot.For onehour twicea weekfor fiveweeks,each（研究人员设置了个水槽，每个水槽中有条食蚊鱼和只蝌蚪，并groupwasplacedinatankwith therobot.1266让这些动物适应一周，然后再与机器鱼见面在五周内，每周两次，每次一小时，每组与机器鱼一起被放置在一水箱中）”和第四段“In therobotic fishspresence,themosquitofishspent moretime gettingtogether,and theirswimmingbecamemoreunstable.With themosquitofish anxiousand scared,the tadpolesventured outmore.Theseeffects evenlasted forweeks afterthe finalmeet withtherobot.When thecreatures returnedtotheirtanks,themosquitofish swam ata lower speedand didnteat asmuch,which aresigns ofanxiety.No change,ontheother hand,can（在机器鱼的存在下，食蚊鱼花了更多的时间聚在一起，它们的游泳变得更加不稳定随bedetectedontadpoles.着食蚊鱼的焦虑和恐惧，蝌蚪们更大胆地出去了在与机器鱼的最后一次会面后，这些影响甚至持续了数周当这些生物回到它们的水箱时，食蚊鱼以较低的速度游动，没有吃那么多，这是焦虑的迹象另一方面，蝌蚪身上没有变化）”可知，研究人员通过比较两个物种（食蚊鱼和蝌蚪）面对机器鱼时产生的行为来进行实验故选项A【题详解】10细节理解题由第四段中的“When thecreatures returnedtotheirtanks,themosquitofishswamatalowerspeedand（当这些生物回至它们的水箱时，食蚊鱼以较低的速度游动，没有吃didnteatasmuch,which aresigns ofanxiety.那么多，这是焦虑的迹象）”可知，机器鱼实验结束后，食蚊鱼游得慢，变得不太活跃故选项B题详解】[11推理判断题由第二段中的“Instead ofkillingthemonebyone,were presentingan approachthat caninform betterstrategiestocontrolthem,“said Giovanni Polverino,a biologistattheUniversity ofWestern Australia.We madetheir（西澳大利亚大worstnightmarebecomereal:a robotthat scaresthemosquitofishbutnottheotheranimalsaroundit.”学生物学家说“我们不是一个一个地杀死它们，而是提出了一种方法，可以为控制它们提GiovanniPolverino供更好的策略”“我们让它们最可怕的噩梦变成了现实一条机器鱼，它会吓到食蚊鱼，但不会吓到周围的其他动物和最后一段中的uBut Polverinosays theyachieved theirmain goal:to provefear canaffect thesurvival of（表示，他们实现了主要目标证明恐惧会影响食蚊鱼的生存）”可知，对mosquitofish.fH PolverinoPolverino机器鱼持赞成态度故选项AD（拖延症）.Like manywriters,Im asupreme expertat procrastinationWhen Iought tobe workingon anassignment,withtheclock tickingtowards mydeadline,Ill sitthere watchingpointless interviewsor catvideos onYouTube.一According totraditional thinkingI,along withmy fellowprocrastinators,haveatime management problem.Bythis view,I haven9t fully appreciated how long my assignment is going totake and Im not paying enough attention to howmuch timeIm currentlywasting onvideos.With betterscheduling,I willstop procrastinatingand geton withmy work.Increasingly,however,psychologists arerealizing thisis wrong.Experts inthe UKhave proposedthat一procrastination isan issuewith managingour emotions,not ourtime.The taskwere puttingoff ismaking usfeel badperhapsits boring,too difficultor wereworried aboutfailing-and tomake ourselvesfeel betterinthemoment,we startdoingsomething else,like watching videos.One investigationto inspirethe emotionalview ofprocrastination waspublished byresearchers atCase WesternReserveUniversity.They firstprompted peopleto feelbad byasking themto readsad storiesand showedthat thisincreasedtheir tendencyto procrastinateby doingpuzzles orplaying videogames insteadof preparingforthetest theyknewwas coming.Subsequent studiesby theanother teamalso showedlow moodonly increasesprocrastination ifenjoyable activities are available asa distraction.This freshperspective onprocrastination isbeginning toopen upexciting newapproaches toreducing thehabit.Anapproach,which isbased onAcceptance andCommitment Therapy,seems especiallysuitable.It arguesthat prioritizingchoices and actions that help you get closer to get thingsdone cankeep youaway fromthe unpleasantfeelings.So thenexttime youre going to procrastinate,make yourfocus assimple as Whats thenext action”.Focusing onthis one-stepquestion takesyour mindoff yourfeelings andonto easilyachievable action.Our researchand livedexperience showveryclearly thatonce weget started,were typicallyable tokeep going.Getting startedis everything.^^
12.Which istrue accordingtothetraditional viewof procrastinatorsA.They areusually irresponsiblepeople.B.They havedifficulty inconcentrating.C.They enjoywatchingvideoswhile writing.D.They canget workdone withbetter schedules.
13.What canwe knowfrom paragraph4A.Procrastination boostsyour moods.B.Procrastinators preferpuzzles tosad stories.C.Test-takers cannot escapebad emotions.D.Negative emotionspromote procrastination.A.It shortensthe process.B.It inspiresthe wildestimagination.C.It mayrelieve unpleasantfeelings.D.It canfix timemanagementproblem.
15.Which isthe mostsuitable titleofthetextA.Prioritize YourTo-do ListB.New Studieson WorkPerformanceC.Quit WatchingCat VideosD.Tremendous Damageof Procrastination【答案】
12.B
13.D
14.C
15.B
14.Why focusingon onesimple questionis suggested【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了关于拖延症研究的新观点【题详解】12细节理解题根据第二段中“By thisview,I haventfullyappreciatedhowlongmyassignmentisgoingtotakeandIm.（根据这种观点，我还没有完全意notpayingenoughattentiontohowmuch timeIm currentlywasting onvideos识到我的作业需要多长时间，我也没有足够注意我目前在视频上浪费了多少时间）”可知，根据传统观点，拖延者很难集中注意力故选项B【题详解】13细节理解题根据第四段中uSubsequent studiesby theanother teamalso showedlow moodonly increases.（另一个团队随后的研究也表明，如果愉快的活procrastination ifenjoyableactivitiesareavailableasadistraction动可以分散注意力，情绪低落只会增加拖延症）”可知，消极情绪助长拖延症故选项D【题详解】14细节理解题根据最后一段中“It arguesthat prioritizingchoicesandactionsthathelpyougetclosertogetthings donecankeep youaway fromthe unpleasantfeelings.So thenexttimeyouregoingtoprocrastinate,make yourfocus assimple（它认为，优先选择和行动可以帮助你更接近完成事情，可以让你远离不愉快的感asWhatsthenextaction觉所以下次你要拖延的时候，把你的关注点简单地变成下一步是什么？）可知，关注一个简单的问题可以缓解不愉快的感觉故选项C【题详解】主旨大意题通读全文，根据最后一段中15“This freshperspective onprocrastination isbeginningto.（这种关于拖延症的新观点开始为减少拖延症开辟了令人兴open upexciting newapproaches toreducing thehabit奋的新途径）”可知，本文主要介绍了关于拖延症研究的新观点选项”工作绩效（拖延症）新研究”符合B主题，适合做标题故选项B第二节（共小题;每小题分，满分分）5根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项When aheavy stormhit,residents ofthe floatingcommunity ofSchoonschip inAmsterdam hadlittle doubtaboutwhether theycould rideit out.They tiedup theirown stuff,and checkedin withneighbors toensure everyonehad enough、food andwater.16rising alongwiththewater andgoing backto itsoriginal positionafter therain stopped.A floatinghouse canbe constructedon anyshoreline andis ableto dealwith rising seas by remaining onthe top of thewaterssurface.17,floatinghomesarefixedtotheshoreandareusuallyconnectedtothelocalsewer亏水管道）C systemand powergrid.They arestructurally similarto housesbuilt onland.18Siti Boelen,the Schoonschipresident,says thatwhen shefirst movedin,stormy weathermadeherthinktwice.You feelit inyour stomach,she says,adding thatshe hasgotten usedtothefeeling.Floating homesalso requireextrainfrastructureandworktoconnecttotheelectricitygridandsewersystem.19,If thereare floods,its expectedthat manypeople willmove tohigherground.But thealternativeis tostayclosetocoastalcitiesandexploreexpansiononto thewater/9says Rutgerde Graaf.
20.Thatsunavoidable merelyhalfacenturyaway.We needto startnow toincrease thescale offloating developments.”A.Theythen boarded their floating housesB.But thebenefits mayoutweigh thecostsC.Since floatinghouses areontheincreaseD.We feelsafer ina stormbecause weare floatingE.Unlike houseboatwhich caneasily bemoved andrelocatedF.Hundreds ofmillions ofpeople willbe displacedby sealevel riseG.Severe windand rain,or eventhe passingships,can rockthe buildings【答案】16A
17.E
18.G
19.B
20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文主要讲述了对抗暴风雨的新方法一一漂浮房屋题详解】16下文urising alongwiththewater andgoing backto itsoriginal positionaftertherainstopped.（随着水的上升，雨停后又回到原来的位置），及第二段开头”“A floatinghouse canbe constructedon anyshoreline andis ableto dealwith（浮动房屋可以在任何海岸线上建造，并且能够通过留在risingseasbyremainingonthetopofthe waterssurface.水面顶部来应对海平面上升）”可知，在暴雨来临时人们就登上了浮动房屋，雨停后就会回到原来的位置项（然后他们登上了他们的浮动房屋）”A“They thenboardedtheirfloatinghouses。
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