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年月大学英语四级考试真题第套2022061Part I Writing30minutesDirections:Suppose you are going to writea proposalto yourschool libraryfor improvingits service.Youare to write about its currentproblems andpossible solutions to theseproblems.You willhave30minutes towrite the proposal.You shouldwrite at least120words butno more than180words.Part IIListening Comprehension25minutesSection ADirections:In this section,you willhear threenews reports.At the end ofeach news report,you willheartwo orthree questions.Both thenews report and the questions will be spoken only once.After youhear aquestion,you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices markedA,B,C andD.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with asingle linethrough thecentre.Questions1and2are based on thenews reportyou have just heard.
1.A Itstudied the effects ofexercise onsleep.B Itsparticipants came from variouswalks oflife.C Itsfindings confirmedthose ofprevious studies.D Itran for as longas somethirty years.
2.A Eatingmore vegetablesinstead ofmeats.B Drinkingwater insteadof beverageswith addedsugar.C Consumingmore energydrinks andsports drinks.D Formingthe habit of exercisingregularly.Questions3and4are basedon thenews reportyou have just heard.
3.A Heasked themabout hislost paintings.B Heknew theowner of two missingpaintings.C Heleft hispaintings at a highwayrest stop.D Hefound two17th-century oilpaintings.
4.A They are imitations.C They were stolenby anItalian boy.8They areoriginals.D They camefrom the sameartist.Questions5to7are basedon thenewsreportyou have just heard.
5.A Lookafter hergrandfather.C Saveher sickgrandmother.8Leave theremote coldregion.D Fleefrom thethreat ofbears.
6.A Shehas to face acriminal charge.B She was foundlying motionlessin thesnow.C Shesearched forher daughterin freezingcold.D Sheworks inchildcare services.
7.A Shewas foundin aforest afterthree days.
8.She laytotally unconsciousfor threedays.
9.She sufferedfrom theeffects ofsevere cold.
10.Shewasfinally rescuedby herrelatives.Section BPartIWriting30minutesDirections:Suppose you are going to writea proposalto yourstudent unionfor enrichingstudentsextracurricular activities.You are to write about what activities toorganize andwhy.You willhave30minutes towritethe proposal.You shouldwrite at least120words butno more than180words.Part IIListening Comprehension25minutes和第套听力内容一致，只是选项顺序不同1Part IIIReading Comprehension40minutesSection ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with tenblanks.You arerequired toselect oneword for eachblank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read thepassage throughcarefullybefore makingyour choices.Each choicein the bank isidentified bya letter.Please markthecorresponding letterfor eachitem on Answer Sheet2with asingle linethrough the centre.You maynot useany of thewords in thebank more than once.If youveever lookedat theingredients listwhile groceryshopping,chances areyouve seenthe termnatural flavors^^.But haveyou takena26to considerwhat thesenatural flavors actually areMostof usmight thinkthat natural flavors are,well,naturally good for us.A recentstudy in thejournal Appetitefound that when theword natural“appears onpackaging,people27that thefood withinisindeed healthier.In truth,naturalflavorsdo not28much,atleastchemically speaking,from theirflavor-boosting29:artificial flavors.Both can bemade ina labby trainedflavorists,but artificialflavors usechemicals togive aproduct a30smell ortaste.Natural flavorscome fromplant oranimal31like fruit,vegetable,meat,fish ormilk that is thenprocessedor refinedin someway.In short,naturalflavorsare32from plantsandanimals to create specificflavors forprocessed foods.But thatdoesnt33make iteasier totell whafsreallyin yourfood.Because theFood andDrug AdministrationFDA has not34the term,companies canuse ittorefer topretty muchanything derivedfromaplant oranimal.And naturalflavors can also includeavariety ofchemical additives,such aspreservatives.The FDAdoesnt requirecompanies toreveal whatadditionalchemicals a specific item
35.So ifyou want to knowfor certainwhat youregetting with your groceries,you mightwant tostick toAacknowledge IimpliesB chanceJ necessarilyCcontains KparticularD counterpartsL perceiveEdefined MsecondF differN sourcesGespecially Ostrangethe farmer^market.H extractedSectionBDirections:In thissection,you are going toread a passage with ten statementsattached toit.Eachstatement containsinformation givenin oneof the paragraphs.Identify theparagraph fromwhich theinformationis derived.You maychoose aparagraph more than once.Each paragraphis markedwith aletter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet
2.Fake holidayvilla websitesprompt warning另墅A Duringthe Britishwinter,the thought oftwoweeks ina coastalvilla Uwith soul-stirring views寸氐消of thesea anda hugepool toenjoy isenough tooffset thelabor untilthe holidaysstart.For agrowingnumber ofpeople,however,their yearlybreak isturning into a nightmare as they find that theproperty theyhave paidthousands fordoes notexist and the websitethrough which they bookedit hasdisappeared.B Consumershave beenwarned to be aware of thepotential fordeception inthis market,which isfar from诈骗”,uncommon.In2017there were1,632cases ofreported“villa fraudwith victimslosing anaverage of£2,052,according toAction Fraud,the nationalcenter forreporting suchfrauds.Millions ofpoundsare losteach yearby holidaymakers,“says SeanTipton of the Associationof BritishTravelAgents ABTA.C The problem hasballooned in the last10years,with fraudsbecoming moreand moresophisticated.Thefake websiteshave authentic-sounding namesinvolving amix ofkeywords,typically includingthe合法的place name,“summer”,“villas orrentals”.Details oflegitimate villas are oftenstolen fromothersites.When thefraudsters firststarted it was unsophisticated-the websiteslooked amateurandthere wasnta lotof effortJ says Tipton.“Now they are clever.They extensivelyrip offlegitimatewebsites anduse adifferent websitename.Theyll havepictures of a salesteam and it mightbe apooractor in New Yorkthatisdown as their head of sales.”D Fraudsterstarget popularseaside destinationsfor Britishtourists visitingSpain whereprices cansoar ifdemandexceeds supply.Prices arekept withinreasonable rangesto avoidarousing suspicion.A villamightcost£5,000elsewhere and they willoffer itat say£3,
500.But a bitof a giveawayis that the villawill be cheaperthanonother websitesand theresunlimited availability,says Tipton.Fraudsters alsoinvestin pay-per-click advertisingto featureat the top ofsearch engineswhen peopletype inphrasessuch asSpanish seasidevillas,,.E Withsuch adegree ofprofessionalism,how canconsumers findout ifthe websitethey5re lookingtobook withis trustworthy“When peoplebook holidayvillas they are doingso throughrose-coloredglasses,“says TonyNeate,chief executiveof GetSafe Online.They should be Googlingthe property,and lookingon websiteslike GoogleMaps andStreetView tosee ifits there.Also,speak to the personyourebooking the villa withon alandline phone,as fraudsterstend toonly usemobiles.,9He alsosuggestsasking someonenot going on the holiday to have alook atthe website.“They mightspotproblems youdont spot.Another potentialred flagis being asked topay bybank transfer.Theproblem isthatwhenthe moneyleaves youraccount itsin theirsstraightaway and its veryhard totrackit,“says Barclays9headofdigital safety,Jodie Gilbert.We generallyrecommend otherforms ofpayment,like creditcard.”F Littleseems to be knownabout thesefraudsters.There isno wayto definitelyknow whothey are,says Neate.It couldbe anyone.It couldbe yournext-door neighboror organizedcrime inRussia.,,Action Fraudsays peopleshould ensurethe companyrenting thevilla is a memberof arecognized tradebodysuch as ABTA.G“By workingwith industrypartners such asABTAand GetSafe Online,we areable toissue alertsabout the latestthreats theyshould be awareof.If youbelieve you have fallenvictim to fraud orcyber-crime,please reportit toAction Fraud/9it adds.ABTA saysit is trying tocombat theissue byrunningpublic awarenesscampaigns.Ifs agrowing problemand peoplecant stopfraudsters beingdishonest/5says Tipton.Theyre stillgoingto do it.Its notimpossible to stop butas ifsinternet-basedits harderto pursue.”H NickCooper,the founderand co-owner ofvilla bookingcompany VillaPlus,estimates hiscompanyhas uncoveredmore than200fake villa websites over the pasttwo years,and doesntbelieve enoughisbeing done.It ishopeless toreport fakevillawebsitesto the internet giantswho hostthem,he says.Ifound itimpossible to speak to anyone.Also,once onebank accountgets reported,they simplyuseanother.”I Fornow the only waytostopfraudsters appearsultimately tolie in the handsof theconsumer.Whenpeople booktheir holidaysthey getso emotionallyinvolved,and whentheyfindthat villaat a goodprice with availability inpeak season,theyarean easytarget/5says Cooper.The publichas to learn tobefar moreaware theyareatarget for these sortof frauds.But itsnot justthe financialcost.A familywillturn upat villaand findoutitdoesnt existortheowner doesntknow whoyou are,“saysTipton.Theproblemthen isyou haveto findaccommodation atshort notice.It can be incrediblyexpensive butitsthe emotionalcost,too.”J CarlaO9Shaughnessy fromSydenham wassearching lastyear for a gooddeal tobook a villa inMajorcafor asummer breakfor thefamily.I wascomparing pricesonline andfound oneon thatcamein abit cheaperthan others,“says O9Shaughnessy.She emailedthe companyvia itswebsite,askinghow farthevillawas fromthe aii*portandabout localrestaurants.Theycameback withplausibleanswers;itwasall veryfriendly andprofessional,she says.Happy with the responses,O5Shaughnessypaid thefull amountof£3,000via bank transfer into the travelagents accountand thenforgot aboutituntil amonth beforethe booking.K“I triedlogging onto thewebsite andcouldnt,she recalls.I Googledthe agenfsname and there werelotsof complaintsabout himbeingafraudster.If onlyId Googledbefore butI neverthoughtof it.Although shefound anothervilla intime fbrtheir holiday,she admitsshe wasmuch morecautious.Ipaid through a securethird-party siteand hadphone conversationswith theagent.But Iwasnt abletorelax untilwe turnedup andI hadthe keys.
36.Fraudsters oftensteal villa-booking information from authenticholiday websites.
37.Fraudsters keepchanging theirbank accountsto avoidbeing tracked.
38.It issuggested thatpeople notgoingon theholidaymight helpdetect websitefrauds.
39.More and more Britishholidaymakers findthe seasidevillas theybooked onlineactually nonexistent.
40.By checkingan agentsname onlinebefore bookingavillaholiday makerscan avoidfalling intotraps.
41.Fraudsters aredifficult to identify accordingto an online safetyexpert.
42.Holidaymakers havebeen alertedto thefrequent occurrenceof onlinevilla-booking frauds.
43.It isholidaymakers thatcan protectthemselves fromfalling victimto frauds.
44.Holidaymakers are advised notto makepayments bybanktransfer.
45.Fraudsters advertisetheir villasat reasonableprices soasnotto besuspected.Section CDirections:There are2passages inthissection.Each passageis followedby somequestions orunfinishedstatements.For eachof themthere arefour choicesmarked AB,C andD.You shoulddecide on the bestfchoice and markthe correspondingletter on Answer Sheet2with asingle linethrough thecentre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are basedon thefollowing passage.Social media can be a powerfulcommunication toolfor employees,helping them to collaborate,shareideas andsolve problems.Research hasshown that82%of employeesthink social mediacanimprove workrelationshipsand60%believe itcan supportdecision-making processes.These beliefscontribute toamajority ofworkers connectingwith colleagueson social media,even duringwork hours.Employers typicallyworry thatsocial mediais aproductivity killer;more thanhalf ofU.S.employersreportedly blockaccess tosocial mediaat work.In myresearch with277employees of a healthcareorganizationI found these concernsto bemisguided.Social mediadoesnt reduceproductivity nearlyasmuch asit killsemployee retention.In the first part of thestudy,I surveyedthe employeesabout whyand howthey usedplatforms likeFacebook,Twitter,or Linkedln.Respondents werethen askedabout theirwork behaviors,includingwhether theyfelt motivatedin theirjobs andshowed initiativeat work.I foundthat employees who engagein online socialinteractions withcoworkers throughsocial mediablogs tend to be more motivated and comeupwith innovativeideas.But when employees interact with individualsoutside theorganization,they arelessmotivatedandshow lessinitiative.These findingssuggest thattheeffectsof social media dependonwho employees interact with;employeeswhointeract with their colleaguesshare meaningfulworkexperiences,but thosemaking connectionsoutside theorganization aredistracted andunproductive.In thesecond part of thestudy,I found76%of employees using social media for work tookan interestinother organizationsthey foundon social media.When Iexamined howrespondents expressedopennessto newcareers andemployers,I foundthat theyengaged insome keyactivities includingresearching neworganizationsand makingnew workconnections.These findingspresent adilemma formanagers:employeesusing social mediaat workare moreengagedandmoreproductive,but theyare alsomore likely to leaveyour company.Managers shouldimplementsolutions thatneutralize theretention riskcaused bysocialmedia.They cancreate socialmedia groupsin whichemployees will bemorelikelyto collaborate andlesslikely toshare withdrawalintentions ordiscussions aboutexternal job opportunities.Managers canusesocial mediato directlyreduce turnover跳槽intentions byrecognizing employees,accomplishments andgivingvisibility to employees successstories.
46.What doesprevious researchabout socialmedia revealAMost employeesthink positivelyof it.B Itimproves employees9work efficiency.C Itenables employees to formconnections.D Employeesspend muchof theirwork timeon it.
47.What didthe authorsown researchfind aboutsocialmediaA Itinfluences employees,work negatively.B Itdoes muchharm toemployee loyalty.C Itkills employees9motivation forwork.D Itaffects employers9decision-making.
48.What didthe authorfind inhis studyabout theeffect of online socialinteractionsA Itdiffers fromemployee toemployee.B Ittends tovary with the platformused.C It has muchtodo with whomemployeesinteractwith.D It is hardto measurewhenemployeesinteractwithoutsiders.
49.What problemwas foundwith employeesusingsocialmedia forworkA Theyseldom expressedtheir innerthoughts.B Mostof themexplored new jobopportunities.C Theywere reluctanttocollaboratewith others.D Many of themended withlower productivity/
50.What doesthe authorsuggest managersdo toneutralize theretention riskAGive promotionstoemployeesfor theiraccomplishments.B Createopportunities foremployees toshare successstories.C Acknowledgeemployees9achievements throughsocialmedia.D Encourageemployeestoincrease theirvisibility onsocialmedia.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are basedon thefollowing passage.In thecoming eraof budgetcuts toeducation,distance learning could become the norm.Thetemptation forthose incharge ofeducation budgetsto tradeteachers fortechnology couldbe sostrong thattheyignore thedisadvantages of distance learning.School facilitiesare expensive to buildand maintain,andteachers areexpensivetoemploy.Online classesdo notrequire buildingsand eachclass canhost hundredsofpeople simultaneouslyresulting ingreater savings,thus increasingthe temptationofdistanceeducationfor thoseconcerned moreabout budgetsthan learning.But movingaway froma traditionalclassroom inwhicha living,breathing humanbeing teachesand interactswith studentsdaily wouldbeadisaster.Physically attendingschool hashidden benefits:getting upevery morninginteracting withpeers,andbuilding relationships with teachersare essentialskills to cultivate inyoung people.Moreover,schoolsshould bemorethansimple institutionsof traditionallearning.They arenow placesthat providemeals.They areplaces wherestudents receivecounseling andother support.Those policy-makers areoften fascinatedby the latest technology in education anditspotential totransformeducation overnight.But onlineeducation doesnot allowa teacherto keepa strugglingstudentafter classand offerhelp.Educational videosmay deliveracademic content,but theyare unableto makeeyecontact orassess astudent9s level of engagement.Distance educationwill nevermatch thepersonal teachingina traditionalclassroom.In theirfirst18years oflife,American childrenspend only9%of theirtime inschool.Yet teachersare expectedto prepare them tobe responsible citizens,cultivate their social skills,encourage successfultime management,and enhancetheir capacityto flourishin anincreasingly harshlabormarket.Given theseexpectations,schools shouldnot becomepermanently remote”.The powerof theclassroom isrooted in the humanityof thepeople gatheredinthe same place,at thesametime.Personal teachingis aboutteachers,showing studentsa higherpath andabout youngpeoplegoing through the processtogether.Technology,no matterhow advanced,should simplybeatool of a goodteacher.
51.What mainlyaccounts for the possibilitythat distancelearningcouldbecomethenormA Advancesin educationtechnology.B Shrinkingfinancial resources.C Shortageof schoolfacilities.D Lackof qualifiedteachers.
52.What doesthe authorsay isone possiblebenefit of students attendingschool physicallyADeveloping thehabit ofgetting upearly.B Eatingnutritionally well-balanced meals.C Growinginto livingand breathinghuman beings.D Cultivatingrelationshipswithpeers andteachers.
53.What doesthe authorthink of thelatesttechnologyineducationA Itmay havepotential disadvantage.B Itmay rendermany teachersjobless.C Itmay addto studentsfinancial burden.D Itmay revolutionizeclassroom teaching.
54.What doesthe authorsay teachersare expectedto doAEnhance student9s leadershipcapacity.B Elevatestudents to managerial positions.C Enablestudents toadapt tothe chancesin life.D Preparestudents tobe competitiveinthefuture.
55.Why couldnttechnology replacea goodteacherA Itlacks humanity.B It cannot trackstudents9growth.C It is stillimmature.D It cannot caterto personalneeds.Part IVTranslation30minutesDirections:For thispart,you are allowed30minutes totranslate apassage fromChinese intoEnglish.You shouldwrite youranswer onAnswer Sheet
2.从前有个人养了一群羊，一天早上他准备出去放羊，发现少了一只他仔细一看，看到羊栏上有个窟窿显然夜间有狼钻进羊圈叼走了羊邻居劝他修羊栏，可是他不听sheepfold第二天他发现狼又通过窟嗓叼走一只羊他想起邻居的话，就赶快堵上窟窿，把羊栏补好此后，他的羊再也没有被狼叼走故事告诉我们出了问题及时补救，可以防止蒙受更大损失年月大学英语四级考试真题第套温馨提示年英语四级20220632022考试第套试题，除翻译写作外，其余题目与第套完全一致,故而未重复给出32PartiWriting30minutesDirections:Suppose you aregoingtowritea proposalto yourschool clinicfor improvingits service.Youare towriteaboutits currentproblems andpossible solutionsto theseproblems.You willhave30minutes towritetheproposalYou shouldwrite atleast120words butno morethan180words.Part IVTranslation30minutesDirections:For thispart,youareallowed30minutes totranslate apassage fromChinese intoEnglish.You shouldwrite youranswer onAnswer Sheet
2.从前，有个农夫正在地里耕作，突然看见一只兔子飞奔而过，撞在一棵大树上死了农夫毫不费力就吃到了兔肉，心里非常高兴他想，“如果总是这样该多好啊!”于是，他不再耕作，每天守候在那棵树旁，等待着能再捡到撞死在树上的兔子他等呀等，等了一天又一天，田地也荒芜了，却再也没有等到第二只兔子人们因而都嘲笑他把偶然当成了必然Directions:In thissection,you willhear twolong conversations.At theend ofeach conversation,you willhearfour questions.Both theconversation andthe questionswillbespoken onlyonce.After youhear aquestion,you mustchoose the best answerfromthefour choicesmarked A,B,C andD.Then markthecorresponding letteronAnswer Sheet1with asingle linethrough thecentre.Questions8to11are basedonthe conversation you have just heard.
8.A Sheshows areal passionfor takingphotos.B Shehas justreturned fromher hometown.C Shecomes fromthe cityof Cape Town.D Shehas atruly amazingappearance.
9.A Itis asfamous asCapeTown.8Ithas a flatsurface atthetop.
10.A Shehas Britishancestors.8She isof mixedblood.
11.A Itis anextremely violentsport.B Ttis becoming a nationalsport.C Itis greenand freefrom pollution.D Itwas namedby Europeansettlers.E Shegrew upin India.F Shespeaks severallanguages.G Itis originatedinNewZealand.H Itis morepopular thanfootball.Questions12to15are basedon theconversationyouhavejustheard.
12.A Preparea studyguide.8Consult his advisors.
13.A Hisworksheets areterribly messy.8He findsthe workloadtoo heavy.
14.A Avisual learner.B Anemotional learner.C Goover hisnotes regularly.D Takestress-relief sessions.E Hisstudy folderis badlydisorganized.F Hehas difficultytaking notesquickly.G Anorganized learner.H Alogical learner.
15.A Arrangethem usingcolor andpictures.B Restructurethem ina logicalway.C Committhemtomemory afterclass.D Organizethem intoa well-connected story.Section CDirections:In thissection,you willhear threepassages At theendo feach passage,you willhear threeorfour questions.Both thepassage andthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.After youhear aquestion,youmust choosethe bestanswerfromthefour choicesmarked A,B,C andD.Then markthe correspondingletteronAnswer Sheet1with asingle linethrough thecentre.Questions16to18are basedon thepassage youhavejustheard.
16.A Itis mainlybasedona societysreligion.B Itis interpreteddifferently indifferent times.C Itis acode ofconduct basedon laws and ethics.D Itis amoral principleto guidepeoples behavior.
17.A Itmay lead to misunderstandingdespite goodintentions.B Itassumes thathuman beingsareallgood-natured.C Ttmay sometimesproduce undesirableoutcomes.D Itfails toconsider thecomplexity ofhuman relationships.
18.A Thegolden rule is oftenin conflictwith certainlaws andethical principles.B Thegolden rulemust sometimesgive wayto moreimportant principles.C Failureto followthe goldenrule mayleadtoviolation oflawsandethics.D Observingthe goldenruleisthefirststep tobecomingaresponsiblecitizen.Questions19to21are basedon thepassage youhavejustheard.
19.A Manyof themfind itrather difficulttomanage.B Theyhave notseen asmuch diversityas desired.C Manyof themhave anincreasingly diversifiedstaff.D Theyhave notquite graspedthe conceptof diversity.
20.A Initiativesto achievediversity inlarge corporations.B Advantagesand disadvantagesofadiversified team.C Peoplesattitudes towardsdiversity atthe workplace.D Innovativeideas andsolutions resultingfrom diversity.
21.A Peopleprefer to work withteam memberssimilar tothemselves.B Employersattach greatimportance to their corporations5diversity.C Employersdiffer,from employeesin theirperspectives ondiversity.D Doubtsabout thepracticability ofdiversity aregradually disappearing.Questions22to25are basedon thepassage youhavejustheard.
22.A Choosingthe besttime forsigning abusiness contract.B Changingone*s formof communicationfrom timeto time.C Layingequal stresson writtenand spokencommunication.D Usingdifferent formsof communicationappropriately.
23.A They are regardedas seriouslybinding.B Theyare seldomhonored bybusiness partners.C Theyare takenas memosof understanding.D Theyaretobe confirmedin writtenform.
24.A Ithas reachedthe highestlevelofevolution.B Itplaces ahigh valueon writtencontracts.C Itregards writtencontracts asunalterable.D Ithas seena declinein verbalagreements.
25.A Itsdetails cannot be renegotiated.B Ithas tobe carriedout tothe letter.C Itstrengthens businesspartnerships.D Itsterms maynotbestrictly binding.Part IIIReading Comprehension40minutesSection ADirections:In thissection,there is apassagewithtenblanks.You arerequired toselect oneword foreachblank froma listofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Read thepassage throughcarefullybefore makingyour choices,Each choiceinthebank isidentified bya letter.Please markthe correspondingletterforeachitem onAnswerSheet2with asingle linethroughthecentre.You maynot useanyof thewordsinthebankmorethan once.Questions26to35are basedon thefollowing passage.You mightthink ofyour teethas tools,like built-in knivesand forks,but iftheyaremere tools,why dothey feel pain and wouldntit bebetter ifthey couldjust26under anycondition Inspite ofour27discomfort,it turnsout theresa goodreason ourteeth areso sensitive.Tooth painis a28mechanism thatensureswhen atooth isbeing damagedwell noticeand dosomething aboutit.If weeat somethingtoo hotor toocold,or ifthe toothis worndown enoughwhere thetissue29isexposed,all of those thingscause pain,and thenthe paincauses theperson notto usethat toothto trytoprotect ita littlebit more.So itsreally aprotective mechanismmorethananything else.If teethdidnt feelpain,we might30to usethem insituations thatdamage them,and forhumans,damaging31teeth is aproblem because,unlike crocodiles,we cant32them.Teeth havethree layers,only oneof which-the innermostlayer ofthe tooth-can hurt,as that layer ofthetooth33both bloodvessels andnerves.Pain istheonlyfeeling towhich thenerves inthatlayerrespond.Whereas peoplewith toothsensitivity maycomplain,for example,of toothpain_34by heator cold,thenerves inthe innerlayer dontsense temperature.Rather,theyfeelpain,which maybe35with,say,drinkingsomething verycold.A adultI emotionalBassociated Jimplies CchewK mammalD containsLreplace Econtinue Mswallow Fdefense NtriggeredG dentalO underneathH downwardSectionBDirections:In thissection,youaregoingtoread apassagewithten statementsattached toit.Each statementcontainsinformation givenin oneoftheparagraphs.Identify theparagraph fromwhichtheinformation isderived.You maychoose aparagraph morethan once.Each paragraphis markedwith aletter.Answer thequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet
2.How to determine ifa company is a good fit for youAOn paper,the jobseemed perfectfor me:The positionwas completelyin linewith mydegree,the dutiesandresponsibilities werecompatible withmy interests,andtheoffice maintaineda well-stocked kitchenthatwould satisfymy everysnack desire.B Soundslike my dream job,right Therewas only one smallproblem:I simplydidnt get along with thecompany culture.They favoreda morerigid,closed-door,corporate atmosphere,while Iwould havepreferredsomething morecollaborative andopen.Theywerecomplete clockwatchers,while Iwould havelikeda moreflexible schedule.To putit plainly,we justwerent on the samepage.C Whenit comesto looking for anew job,you alreadyknow thata bigpartofthe interviewprocessinvolves the company evaluatingwhether ornot youre a good fit fortheir openrole.But,its importanttokeep in mind thatthe employerisn*ttheonlyonewho needs toidentifya goodmatch-you shouldbelooking for that sameexact thing.Company culturecan havea bigimpact onhow youfeel aboutyour work,so you wantto make sureyou signan offerletter with an organization youre trulyexcited about.D However,figuring outwhata company islike before you actuallywork therecanbeabitofachallenge.Luckily,there area fewthings you can doto determine whether ornot a companyisagood fitfor you-beforeyouever signyour nameon thatdotted line.E First of all,know whatyou want.Itfs hardto makeany decisionswhen youdont reallyknow what yourelooking for.So beforeyou candeterminewhetheryou andaspecificcompany wouldbe compatibletogether,its importantto havea solidhandle onwhat exactlyyouwantfrom youremployer.Manyofus haveaneasier timeidentifying thethings thatwe absolutelydont want.If thosearetheonly things you canthink of,dont woiry!Thats stillagoodplace tostart.F Startby writingdown thethingsyoudidn!t like about previousemployers,as wellas the parts youreallyvalued.Theres nowrong answerhere——so frombig thingsto smalldetails,write themall downon yourlist.This willhelp youimmediately identifywhatyourelookingforin anorganization,as wellasthethingsyoure tryingto stayfar,far awayfrom.G Makesure todo yourresearch.Now comesthepartwhen youput onyour detectivehat anddo alittledigging.The Internetwillbeyour bestfriend whenyoure tryingto familiarizeyourself with a companysculturebefore everwalking throughtheir officedoors.And whereexactly shouldyou lookfor thesecultureclues Startwiththemost obviousplace first:the companyswebsite.Read throughtheir copyand blog.Dothey useformal,direct languageOr isit casual,conversational,and maybeeven alittle humorousThis canbea bigindicator ofwhat sortof atmospherethecompanyis tryingtocultivate.H Next,turn yourattention towardtheirsocialmedia outlets.Are theysharing photosof theirteamsThursday afternoonbarbeque orHalloween costumecontest Orare theirsocialmediaaccounts strictlyreservedfor company-related announcementsand productlaunchesI Anindustry reviewwebsite likeGlassdoor is another spotto checkin orderto findsome insiderinformationabout whatyou canexpect abouta company.However,remember totake thereviews youread被啬口视的withagrain ofsalt-many of them arewritten byscorned employees.J Finally,you cannever failwith personalconnections.Send a quick messagetoacurrent orpreviouscompany employeeon Linkedlnor byemail andask ifthey wouldbe willingto haveaquickconversationwith youabout theorganization ingeneral.If yougetayes toyour requestfor achat,youll bearmed withsomepretty powerfuland helpfulinformation headinginto yourinterview!K Learnmore byasking questions.You know that partattheend ofa jobinterview whenthe hiringmanagerasks ifyouhaveany questions,and youjust stareacross thetable blanklywithyourmouth hangingopenThafs theperfect opportunity tospeakup andget yourburning company culture questionsanswered!So yes,youcandefinitely askyour interviewerabout what its liketoworkforthatparticular organization.Simple questionslike,What threewords wouldyou useto describe the culturehere orWhats yourfavoritepart aboutworking forthis companycanreveal alot aboutwhatitsreally likebehind closeddoors.L Prioritizeyour values.What doesmydreamcompany culturelook likeWell,I couldcome andgo as Iplease,as longasIwas gettingthe workdone.My bosswould genuinelylisten toand valueall ofmy ideasaridsuggestions.My co-workers wouldall befriendly withone another,without everfalling intothe officegossiptrap.The kitchenwould haveendless optionsof pizzaand cookies.Oh,and they*d giveme twomonthsof paidvacation witha verygenerous salary.一M Whatare mychances offinding allofthosethings withone employerSlim tonone believeme,Fvelooked.This iswhy itsso importantto knowwhich aspectsofa companys cultureyou valuemost.Is itanopen communicationstyle ora flexibleschedule Focuson thetop spotsonyourpriority list,and ensureapotential employeratleastchecks thoseboxes.Unfortunately,this isreality,you canthave everythingyouwant buta feware certainlyachievable.N Whenyou*re huntingforanewjob,you alreadyknowthatthe employeristryingto decidewhether ornotyoureagoodfitfortheposition.But youshould alsolook atthe processthroughasimilar lens.You maynotbetheone conductingthe actualinterview,but yourestill tryingtodeterminewhether ornot thecompanyisagoodfitforyou.O Keepthese tipsinmindto figureout whetheryou anda potentialemployer area perfectmatch orjust a方案recipe fordisaster.After all,its agood thingto knowbefore actuallyaccepting anoffer.
36.Clues aboutthe cultureofacompany canbe foundon itswebsite.
37.Itcanbe difficultto knowthe realsituation inacompanyuntil youbecome partofit.
38.Itisimpossible fora jobapplicant tohave everyexpectation met.
39.Simply byreading itsdescription,the authorfoundthejob offeredideal.
40.Job applicantsareadvisedtomakea writtenlistoftheir likesand dislikesin theirprevious employment.
41.Attheend ofan interview,a jobapplicant shouldseize theopportunitytoget answerstotheirurgentquestions.
42.To beginwith,job applicantsshouldbeclear whatthey expectfrom theirfuture employer.
43.Job applicantsshould readwithacritical eyewhat iswritten aboutacompanyonthewebsite.
44.Job satisfactionhasalot todowithcompanyculture.
45.A chatwith aninsider ofacompanycan givejob applicantsvery usefulinformation whenthey prepareforan interview.Section CDirections:There are2passages inthissection.Each passageis followedby somequestions orunfinishedstatements.For eachofthemthere arefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C andD.You shoulddecide onthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingle linethroughthecentre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are basedonthefollowing passage.Online classesbegan tobe popularizedjust afew decadesago.Theyareadvertised asa wayfor adultstofinish theireducationandstudents to learn thematerial at their own pace—it isfar morecompatible forpeoplewith busyschedules.But afterbeing enrolledinanonline courselast fallsemester,1came torealize onlineclasses weremerelya meansto fulfilcourse requirements.Firstofall,students lackthe desiretolearn,andtheysimply completetheir assignmentsto receivecreditforapassing graderather thangenuinely engagewiththe course material.As online courses tendtohavemorethan100students,most ofthe assignmentsare shortand simple.Theyarenot designedfor students to interactwiththematerial indepth butdesigned tobe gradedeasily toaccommodatesuchalarge numberof students.Perhaps thebiggest disadvantageof takinganonlineclass isthe absenceof face-to-face interactionbetween the teacherand theirstudents.Live sessionsare infrequentand areoften scheduledduring themiddleoftheday whenstudents haveto attendother classesorwork.The officehours ofthe professormayalso beduring inconvenienttimes formany studentsas well.Most interactionwiththeprofessor hasto bethroughemail whichis oftenimpersonal.Itisnearly impossiblefor studentsto builda relationshipwith theirprofessor.There isalso littleinteraction amongststudents.Itcanbe harderfor studentstocreatestudy groupsandform relationshipswith theirpeers.Online classesalso requireeither acomputer orlaptop anda reliableinternet connection.Not allstudentshave accessto thesetypes ofresources,whether itis forfinancial orother reasons,and somestudentscanbeput ata disadvantage.Offering onlineclasses certainlyhelps studentswho wouldotherwise notbe ableto attendclassroomsessions.However,they failto providea genuineeducation withan emphasison conveniencerather thancriticalthinking.We needrestructured onlineclasses inwhich studentscan havea learningexperience thatwillactually providequality education.
46.What doesthe authorsay aboutstudents enrolledinonlineclassesA Theycan accesscourse materialseasily.B Theyare unmotivatedtolearn.C Theycan learnattheirownpace.D Theyrarely fulfilthecourserequirements.
47.What doesthe authorthink ofonlinecourseassignmentsA Theyare madeconvenient tomark.B Theyare meantto facilitateinteraction.C Theyare basedon easilyaccessible material.D Theyare givento accommodatestudents needs.
48.What doesthe authorsay isone disadvantageofonlineclassesA Theyare frequentlyscheduled atirregular times.B Theymake professors9offices muchless accessible.C Theytendtoincrease professors9burden ofresponding tostudents emails.D Theyprovide littlechance forstudentstobuild relationshipswith eachother.
49.What problemmay ariseif classesgo onlineAMore students may findit easytobeabsent fromthem.B Teacherswill worryabout poorinternet connections.C Somestudentsmayhave difficultyattending them.D Schoolswith limitedresources willbe ata disadvantage.
50.What doesthe authorthink constitutesa keypartofgenuine educationAAcquisition ofuseful knowledge.B Trainingof real-life skillson campus.C Developmentofstudents,personalities.D Cultivationof analyticalthinking ability.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are basedonthefollowing passage.In theageoftheinternet,theres nosuch thingasaprivate debate.But isthat badfor scienceSomescientists havehad concerns.When debatesin anysector movebeyond thehalls ofuniversities andgovernment agencies,theres potentialfor informationtobeused incorrectly,leading topublic confusion;yet,open debate canalsopromote communicationbetweenthescientific communityandthe public.Recentopen debateson scientificresearch,health,and policyhave arousedgreater publicattention andencouragedmore diversevoices.If thistrend spursscientists toagree morequickly aboutthebestsolutionstoourproblems-and atthesametime helpsthe publicobserve theprocess ofscientific discoursemore clearly-thenthis isgoodforeveryone,including scientists.A recentdebate publishedin TheNew YorkTimes discussedthequestionof howquickly medicineshouldbe developedand produced.Issues suchas safetyoftheproduct andperception ofthe publicwereexamined andconsidered.But someexperts worriedthat suchpublic speculationmight leadpeople tobelievethat disagreementaboutthedetails meanta lackof adequatescientific consensusoverthesafety andefficiencyof modern-day medicine.The anxiety seems misplaced.Gone arethe daysof goingtoaconference anddebating scientific issues,and thatsgood becausethose gatheringswere notdiverse enoughand excludedmany importantvoices.These days,the publiccan accessdebates about science regardlessof wherethey takeplace.For manyscientists,public debateisanew frontieranditmay feellikeaplace withfew restraintsorrules butrather thanavoiding suchconversations,let thedebates betransparent andvigorous,wherever theyare held.If the public isto understandthat scienceisanhonorably self-correctingprocess,the ideathat scienceisafixed setof factsin atextbookneedstobe dismissed.With thevalidity ofscience coiningunder attack,there!saneed forscientificdebates tobe perceivedas openand trueto life.Let everyonesee thenoisy,messy deliberationsthat advancescienceand leadto decisionsthat benefitus all.
51.What doesthe authorthink opendebatecandoA Helpthe publicto betterunderstand science.B Clearup confusioninthescientific community.C Settledisputes betweenuniversities andgovernmentagencies.D Preventinformationfrombeing usedincorrectly bythepublic.
52.Why dida recentdebate publishedin TheNew YorkTimes arouseconcerns amongexpertsA Itmight hinderthe progressin medicalresearch.B Itmight breedpublic distrustin modemmedicine.C Itmight addtothedifficulty ofgetting researchfunds.、D Itmight preventmedical scientistsreaching consensus.
53.Why doesthe authorsay someexperts9anxietyseemsmisplacedA Debatingscientificissuesataconference isnow old-fashioned.B Diversetopics canbe debatedby bothscientists andthepublic.C Debatesaboutscienceare accessibletothepublic anyway.D Scientistscan voicetheir opinionswhatever waythey like.
54.What doesthe authorsuggest scientistsdo aboutpublic debateAHave morediscussions aboutit.B Embraceit withopen arms.C Formulatenew rulesfor it.D Restrainit toa rationaldegree.
55.What doesthe authorsay aboutscience inthe lastparagraphA Itis transmittedthrough textbooks.B Itis whatproves validand trueto life.C Itisadynamic andself-improving process.D Itisacollection offacts andestablished rules.Part IVTranslation30minutesDirections:For thispart,youareallowed30minutes totranslate apassage fromChinese intoEnglish.You shouldwrite youranswer onAnswerSheet
2.从前有个农夫嫌他种的禾苗长得慢，就到地里把禾苗一株株地拔高了一点回家后他对家人说“今天可真把我累坏了！但我总算让禾苗一下子长高了“他儿子到地里去一看，禾苗都已死光了现在有些家长急于让孩子成功，往往步那个农夫的后尘，搞得孩子苦不堪言，却不见孩子学业长进这样的家长是否该对这个问题有所醒悟，让孩子自然成长呢？年月大学英语四级考试真题（第套）2022062。
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