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温馨提示此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后关闭Word文档返回原板块第讲非谓语动词5I.语法填空,全国卷
1.2020I Chineseresearchers hopeto usethe instrumentsonboardChange-4to findfind andstudy areasof theSouth Pole-Aitken basin.,全国卷
2.2020II Theyrepresent theearth comingcome backto lifeand bestwishesfor newbeginnings.•全国卷
3.2020II Theymake greatgifts andyou seethem many times decorateddecoratewith redenvelopes andmessages ofgood fortune.•全国卷
4.2020II Theyare easyto carecareforand makegreat presents.•全国卷
5.2020HI Andwhen hesaw themists risingfrom theriver andthe softcloudssurrounding surroundthe mountaintops,he wasreduced totears.,全国卷田
6.20181quickly lowermyself,ducking myhead toavoid lookinglookdirectly intohis eyesso hedoesnt feelchallenged challenge.•全国卷
7.2019I Modernmethods areexpensive toperform performconsistentlyover alarge area.动词不定式作定语通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后,与所修饰的
1.词之间构成逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系米（主谓关系）He wasthe lastone to leave schoolyesterday.（动宾关系）X Shehas a lot ofwork to do in the morning.【点津】动词不定式既可用主动形式也可用被动形式，但其含义有所不同试比较冰（动作的执行者是你）Do you have anything to buy（动作的执行者是我或别人）X Do youhave anythingto be bought当名词或代词被序数词，形容词最高级,等修饰，且不定式与
2.the last,the only其逻辑主语为主谓关系时，常用动词不定式作定语XThe bestplace tocatch fishon acanal isclose toa lock.当被修饰词是表示抽象意义的名词时，常用不定式作后置定语，且不定式常用
3.主动形式常见的此类名词有ability,chance,idea,attempt,plan,way,opportunity等We shoulddevelop thestudents7ability to solve problems.【点津】在作定语的动词不定式中，如果其中的动词是不及物动词，不定式后面就要用必要的介词但是如果被不定式修饰的名词为等，不定place,time,way式后面的介词习惯上可以省去米Would youplease giveme somepaper towrite on^The shoppingmall isa goodplace to go.
二、动词形式作定语-ing当该动词与被修饰的名词之间为主谓关系或用来表示被修饰的名词的用途时,用动词形式-ingX Thechild standingover thereis mybrother.【点津】被修饰的名词与修饰词之间为被动关系且表正在进行时，用动词-ing形式的被动形式作定语，表示该动作的被动和进行XThe housebeing builtover therewill beour newlibrary.
三、动词形式作定语-ed动词形式作定语，分词与被修饰的名词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系-ed;^The bookwritten byMoyan isvery popular.【点津】作定语的不及物动词的分词形式为和表示正在进行；doing done,doing表示已经完成done正在沸腾的水开水boiling waterboiled water【小题快练】•单句语法填空
①The problemdiscussed discussat the meeting roomyesterday wasin vain.
②The meetingto be held holdnextweek is about howwe candeal withthisproblem.
③The boycrving cryover thereis myyounger brother.
④What doyou thinkis the best wayto protectprotectthe wildanimals5Do youhave anythingto saysavfor yourself6Do youhave theability toreed readand writeEnglish.＞非谓语动词作状语M6动词不定式作状语,表示目的、结果、原因等
1.作目的状语，有时用或但不用于句首1in order toso as to,so asto•江苏高考X2019To enjoythe convenienceof digitalpayment,many seniorcitizensstarted touse smartphones.X Inordertocatch thetrain,she hurriedthrough herwork.⑵作结果状语，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，常用结构enough to,so/such...to,等too...to...,only toYoureold enoughto travelon thetrain byyourself.He wasso foolishas toleavehis carunlocked.⑶作原因状语，此时常与表示情感的形容词连用，如glad,happy,frightened,等surprisedX Hewas surprisedto findhis roomthoroughly cleanedand everythingarranged inperfectorder.【点津】动词不定式也可以跟在一些作表语的形容词easy,hard,difficult,pleasant,等后面作状语，构成“主语形容词+不定式〃结构，不good,fit,comfortable+be+定式用主动形式表示被动意义XThe materialsare softand comfortable to wear.动词形式作状语
2.-ing动词形式作状语，常表原因、伴随、时间、结果等，与句子主语之间存在逻-ing辑上的主谓关系We hearof womenwho runaway,leaving behindtheir homesand families.（•天津高考）X2020The dancersincredible performancehad theaudience onits feetclappingfor10minutes atthe end of theshow.【点津】动词不定式作结果状语时，常表示意想不到的结果；而动词形式-ing作结果状语时，常表示自然而然的结果X Hurriedto thestation,only tofind thetrain hadleft.动词形式作状语
4.⑴独立主格结构的特点:独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立a.存在；独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的分词、形容词、副词、不定b.式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系；独立主格结构一般有逗号与句子分开c.⑵独立主格结构的构成名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语派Every morningthe oldman walksin thepark,his pet dog followinghimalong=and hispetdogfollows himalong.XShe stoodthere,her eyeslooking upwardinto thesky and her handscrossed onherbreast.【小题快练】•单句语法填空
①Weather permittingfpermit,we willgo fora picnicthis Saturday.©Whether thiswillbe successfulor notis stilldifficult topredictfpredict.
③Tom rushedto classroomonly to be toldtell itwas aSunday.4Hearinghear thatBob hadgot promoted,his friendscame tocongratulate him.
⑤Praised praiseby theneighbors,he becamethe prideof hisparents.单句语法填空I.
1.Having theopportunity tospeak speakMandarin everyday reallyimproved mylearning.
2.We hopethat NationalChinese CharactersContest willget morepeople tobrushbrushup ourwritten language.
3.There werealso alot ofpeople makinrmake specialdrawings tohelp themrecallimportant moments.
4.Thus,it willbe thethird Chinesecity tohost hostthe games.
5.Facebook CEOZuckerberg justhad ababy girlnamed Max,and tohonour honourtheoccasion,hes givingaway themajority ofhis wealth.
6.You willbe deeplyimpressed bythebestquality guaranteedguarantee byourrich experienceon groupoperation.语法填空n.What annoysyou mostin lifeA newsurvey onannoying thingshas someinterestingfindings.The report
1.divide intoa numberof categories.Transportcomes fairlyhigh upin the list,with buses,planes andtrains allcapable令人齿火的
7.driving usmad.Some ofthe thingswe findmost irritatingT aboutbusesinclude missinga bus,
3.particular afterrunning to the busstop,and peopleinbuses whocrowd nearthe entrance
4.refuse tomove downto theend ofthe bus.The airportis also a placethat canreally windus up.Being hitby out-of-controlluggage cartsor beingcaught on the anklesby someonewho cantcontrol themproperlyis enoughto makeus seered.Getting in
5.slow-moving queueto checkin ourbaggage whenour flight isabout to leave
6.bealso enoughto makeour bloodpressure soar.
7.delay flightsare obviouslyannoying,but airlinesthat refuseto keepus up to datewith thelatest travelinformation makeuseven
8.angry.The train
9.cause botheras well.Blocked toilets,buffet carswith nosandwichesand passengers
10.make loudmobile phonecalls allappear onthelist.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文文章主要说明了乘坐公交车、飞机和火车等交通工具会遇到的一些烦人事【解析】考查动词时态和语态主语与谓语动词构成
1.is dividedoreport divide被动关系，且陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态主语为单数名词谓语动词用单数故填report,is dividedo【解析】考查介词表示“能够做某事〃短语为故
2.of becapable ofdoing sth.o填ofo【解析】考查副词修饰后文介词短语
3.particularly afterrunning tothe busstop应用副词表示“特别故填particularly,particularly【解析】考查非谓语动词分析句子结构可知在句中应用非
4.refusing refuse谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故应用现在分词故填people refusing【解析】考查冠词名词此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且
5.a queueslow-moving0为辅音音素开头的单词，故应用故填a a【解析】考查主谓一致本句陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，且句子主语
6.iso为动名词短语Getting in a slow-moving queueto checkin ourbaggage whenour故］胃语动词应用单数故填【解析】考flightisabout to leave,is
7.Delayed查非谓语动词分析句子结构可知在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主delay语构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语句首单词首字母要大写故填flightsDelayed【解析】考查比较级结合句意表示“更愤怒的〃，应用形容词比
8.angrier较级故填angrier angriero【解析】考查名词的数为可数名词，句中为一般现在时，后
9.causeso cause文为动词原形，可知此处应用复数形式故填bother causes【解析】考查定语从句此处为定语从句修饰先行词
10.who/thato passengers,且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词或故填who thatowho/thato短文改错m.With my homework was finished last Sunday,I went tothecountryside toseemy grandfather.At about9,I setoff andarrived atmyhomeafter an hour.Seen me,he feltvery excited and welcomed me warm.I handedhim thefresh fruitbought inthe supermarket but he gave me somesnacks.Then wewent tocatch fish.It was notlong afterwe caught alot of fish.Having broughtthem home,my grandfathercookedsome tome.After lunch,I helped him cleanthe house andhe praised me with bigsmile on hisface.When itwas timefor metoleave,my grandfathergave mesomegifts whatI likedvery much,and huggedme.It wassoabeautiful daythat I willremember it forever.答案:With myhomework finishedlastSunday,1went tothe countrysiclctosee my grandfather.At about9,I setoff andarrived atmy homeafteranhour.Seen me,he felthis Seeingveryexcitedandwelcomedmewarm.I handedhim thewarmlyfresh fruitbought inthesupermarketbuthegave mesome andsnacks.Then wewenttocatch fish.Il was not longaflcr beforewecaughtalol offish.Having broughtI hemhome mygrandfathercooked someRme.After lunch,1helpedhimforclean thehouseandhepraisedmewithA bigsmileonhis aface.When itwas timefor metoleave,mygrandfathergavemesomegifts whalI likedvery much,and huggedme.thatIt wassoabeautiful daythat Iwill rememberitforever,such【解析】第一句去掉前的考查复合结构分析句子成分可
1.finished waswith知，该句使用了宾语+宾语补足语〃结构作状语，根with+据句意，与宾语之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词形式finish myhomework多余,故去掉前的finished,wasfinishedwas【解析】第二句玲考查形容词性物主代词根据句意，这里指的是
2.my his作者到了〃他的〃家,即爷爷家,故将改为my his【解析】第三句玲考查现在分词作状语分析句子可知，该句
3.Seen Seeing主语为与之是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故将改为he,see SeenSeeingo【解析】第三句玲考查副词分析句子成分可知，此处作状
4.warm warmly语，修饰动词应用副词形式，故将改为welcome,warm warmly【解析】第四句玲考查并列连词根据句子逻辑，前后分句为并列
5.but and关系，故将改为but and【解析】第六句玲考查从属连词根据句意，“没过多久就
6.after before应用句型结构，故将改为It was not longbefore.afterbefore o【解析】第七句玲考查介词“为……（做饭）〃表对象,应用介词
7.to for故将改为for,to for【解析】第八句前加考查不定冠词作名词时通常用作不可数，
8.big asmile在此处表具体意义视为可数，其前常用不定冠词修饰，为固定搭配，abigsmile意为“大大的微笑”，故在前加big a【解析】第九句考查定语从句关系代词分析句子成分可知，该
9.what-thato句先行词为在其后所带的定语从句中充当宾语,应用引导，故将some gifts,that改为what that【解析】第十句玲考查固定结构分析句意，修饰名词，
10.so suchbeautiful（美好的一天）〃应用构成（形容词）+单数可数名词结构，day such,“such+a/an+如此美好的一天〃常译为故将改为such abeautiful day,so sucho语法填空四谨记I..巧记三种非谓语动词作状语的基本区别1若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，且正在进行，要想到用现在分词1形式doMg;⑵若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，且表完成，要想到用过去分词形式do/ie;⑶若非谓语动词表将来的动作，作状语表示目的，在喜怒哀乐的形容词后作原因或意料之外的结果等，要想到用不定式形式tod掌握非谓语动词的句型公式
2.!ts++for/ofsb.+todosth.;ltsnogood/use/pleasuredoingsth.;§it]find/think/believe/consider+it+adj.+todosth..牢记用动名词或不定式作宾语的动词3巧辨谓语动词和非谓语动词
4.⑴一个句子无论是主句还是从句，必须要有谓语，一般空格所在的句子中无其他动词，则填谓语动词谓语动词要考虑时态语态主谓一致等；⑵若句中找到了谓语动词，而又找不到连词并列连词或从句连词时,则所给动词一定用作非谓语动词非谓语动词需要确定是形式、过去分词形式还是不-ing定式形式短文改错n.•全国卷
1.2020I1like eatingfrying tomatoeswith eggs,and Ithought itmust beeasyto cook,fryingffriedIV.写作运用补全下面写作,注意动词的运用Dear Smith,How areyou doingIm writing
1.to invitevou toour Englishpartv to beheld（邀请你参加我们将于月日在学校体育场on June1st atthe schoolstadium61举行的英语晚会），（展现which isa goodchance
2.to displavvour Englishtalent你的英语才能）and motivatestudents interestin Englishlearning.During the partyyou willhave afeast ofvarieties of
3.English activitieswell preparedbv ourseh/es（我们自己准备的英语活动）,（背英语诗including
4.reciting Englishpoems歌）and singingfamous English songs,which Ithink willsurely giveyou abig surprise.Besides,Id liketo remindyou thatthepartystarts at6:30pm andends at8:00pm,so pleasecome ontime ifit isconvenient foryou.Looking forwardto（与你分享聚会中的愉快时光）！
5.sharing withvou thepleasant timeinthepartvYours,Li Hua关闭Word文档返回原板块•全国卷
2.2019IHlf Isucceed inmanage one,Iwillopen more.manage-managing•全国卷
3.2019I All the footballplayers onthe playgroundcheered loudly,saythat Ihad atalent forfootball.say-saying•全国卷
4.2018n Nomatter howmanytimesI askedto watchingthem,myparents wouldnot letme.watching-watch•全国卷
5.2018I Mygrandpa saidlast summerthey earnedquite alotby sellthe fish.selHselling短文改错二定法n.，五〃检查识别非谓语动词错误1⑷检查介词后的非谓语动词是否正确；⑵检查作主语和宾语的非谓语动词形式是否合适；⑶检查并列结构中非谓语动词形式是否一致；⑷检查分词作状语是主动还是被动；⑸检查是否该有不定式符号too重点关注形容词区别
2.-ing,-ed⑴在英语中，有很多以和结尾的词，可以用作名词修饰语，构成形容词-ing-ed一般而言，由转化来的形容词通常带有主动意义，由转化来的形容词则-ing-ed带有被动意义⑵动词的形式作表语，主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态，含有被动-ed的意思；而形式作表语多表示主语具有的特征，含有主动的-ing意思房打＞非谓语动词的时态和语态非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（动词形式和形式），即动词的非谓语形式非谓语动词除了不能独-ing-ed立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分非谓语动词与谓语动词是相对的概念非谓语动词的时态语态一览表语态形式类别时态形式主动被动一般式to do to bedone动词不定式进行式tobedoing完成式to havedone tohave beendone一般式v.-ing doingbeing done完成式过去分词一般式done—主、被动形式
1.非谓语动词与逻辑主语（通常是句子的主语）之间存在主谓、动宾关系与逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系时，用主动形式；与逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系时，用被动形式I gota lettersaying that I was admitted toa keyuniversity.;^The bridgetobebuilt willbe thelongest oneon thisriver..时间先后关系2根据它与谓语动词表示的动作之间的时间先后关系定时态非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生，用1非谓语动词的一般式；⑵非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，用非谓语动词的完成式X Hearingthe inspiringnews,they alljumped withjoy.X Iseem tohave involvedmyself insomething Idont understand.【小题快练】•单句语法填空
①Those whobreak thelaw willnot escapebeing punishedpunish.©Seeing seetheplatoon leaderreturning,everybody rushedupto meet him.©Having playedplay allday,you must be thirsty.
④He issaid tohave studiedstudyabroad,but Idont knowwhat countryhestudied in.房融＞非谓语动词作主语、表语非谓语动词中能作主语的有动词形式和不定式
1.-ing⑴动词形式作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作，不定式作主语表-ing示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作X Listeningto musicis mysister/s hobby.To dothis isto cutthe footto fitthe shoe.作形式主语，代替真正作主语的动词不定式或动词形式常见句型有2it-ingIt is/wasnouse/good+doing sth.;It is/wasnotanyuse/good+doing sth.;It is/was oflittle use/good+doing sth.;It is/was uselessdoing等sth.;Its awaste oftime doingsth.X Itwasnouse pretendingthatIhad notseen him,so Iwaved tohim.It isno goodtrying thatmethod,because itwont work.※代is important for us tomeetpersonally althoughwe havebeen intouch invariousways.非谓语动词中能作表语的有动词形式、动词形式和不定式注意动词
2.-ing-ed形式作表语意为“令人感到……的〃，而过去分词作表语意为本身感到……-ing的〃;^The aimofthefestival isto increaseawareness ofHindu cultureand traditions.X Atfirst shewas terrified,then shepulled herselftogether.;^The mostterrifying aspectof nuclearbombing isradiation.【小题快练】•单句语法填空
①He toldme whathad happenedinafrightened frightenvoice.
②It isimportantforustoget getintocontact withthem assoon aspossible.
③Getting tiredtire ofToms all-talk-no-action attitude,Julia decidedto dothe joballby herself.考点＞非谓语动词作宾语I3只能跟动词形式作宾语的动词和短语
1.-ing suggest,imagine,mind,admit,practice,allow,risk,keep,keep on,avoid,escape,enjoy,consider,等excuse,finish,miss,insist on,look forwardto,feel like,get downto,object to只能跟不定式作宾语的动词和短语:
2.agree,intend/plan,demand,promise,help,prepare,decide,refuse,choose,wish/hope,want,expect,fail,pretend,manage,等determine,beg,arrange,threaten,claim,hesitate,happen既可跟动词形式又可跟不定式的动词和短语
3.-ing remember,forget,regret,等如stop,go on,mean,start,begin,try对要做的事感到遗憾（常跟regret to do sth.say,tell,s等inform）对做过的事后悔.regret doingsth.努力做某事I tryto dosth.尝试做某事（try doingsth.Doyouremember beingintroduced toour presidentwhen youvisited ourschoollast monthXI regret to inform youhe diedasaconsequence ofhis injuries.不定式作
4.decide,know,consider,forget,learn,remember,show,understand,等动词或动词短语的宾语时,前面常带引see,wonder,hear,find out,explain,tell导词等how,what,whether,where,when,whoXThe fatherwondered how to answerhis sonsquestion.作需要〃讲,作应受，应得〃讲时，其后接动词
5.need,require,want deserve形式的主动形式表被动意义或不定式的被动结构-ing^This workneeds doing/tobedone carefully.XThe boyrichly deservedpunishing.固定句式其他动词中的不定式用法此结
6.do/have/+sth.+but/excepttodo sth.构要遵循前有实义动词后则无反之则有的原则do,but to,toX Ihave nothing but praisefor thepolice.X Ihavealotofhomework everyday,and Ihave nochoice buttodoit.【小题快练】•单句语法填空
①He isso illthat hedoesnt feellike eatingeat anything.@1pretended tobe beasleepbut infact Iwas awake.
③Iregrettoinforminformyou thatI cannot attendthemeetingon Friday.
④I triedto standstandup,but Iwas completelyexhausted.5By theendofclass,she understoodhowtoget getthem right.@\could donothingbutjoin joinhimafter Ihesitated fora fewhours.唐函非谓语动词作宾语补足语“五看二听一感觉〃的感官动词和短语
1.see,watch,observe,notice,look at,hear,后面的宾语补足语常见的有三种非谓语动词形式listen to,feel do/doing/doneo表主动和完成被动句中还原，主动或正在进行,表被动或完dotodoing done成X Iheard hersinging anEnglishsongwhen Ipassed by.X Ididn/t noticehim getonthesame bus.热点动词后接非谓语动词形式
2.let,make,have,get,leave,keep,find作宾语补足语XThe teacherhad usmake upconversations duringclasses.The teachergot thestudents tolook upall thewords theydidnt know.固定短语,如等
3.advise/allow/encourage/request/warn sb.todosth.XThe policeexamined thecars andallowed themtogoahead.复合结构常用形式
4.with/without表主动旦进行，或表特征sb./sth.doing表被动且完成，或表状态with slh.done表示将来.sth.to doWithall thework finished,they wentouttoplay.XI won/tbeabletogo onholiday withmy motherbeing ill.X Icant goout withall theseclothes towash.【小题快练】•单句语法填空
①Most ofthe parentsagree toforbid theirchildren tosmokesmoke.
②Dont letyour childrenplav playwithmatches.
③Alltheafternoon heworked withthe doorlocked lock.
④A policemansaw twothieves stealiDRsteal agirls mobilephone onabus andhe caughtthem atonce.
⑤With somany peopleto helphelpus,we aresure tofinish itin time.唐甑非谓语动词作定语
一、动词不定式作定语。
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