2022年考研英语一真题及答案解析

年考研英语一真题及答案解析2022年考研英语一真题及答案解析2022Section IIITranslationDirections Translatethe followingtext intoChinese.Write yourtranslation on the ANSWERSHEET.15pointsThe ideathat plants have somedegree ofconsciousness firsttook rootin theearly2000s；the termuplant neurobiologynwas1aroundthe notionthat someaspects ofplant behaviorcould be2to intelligencein animals.3_____________________________________plants lackbrains,the firingofelectrical signalsin theirstems andleaves nonethelesstriggered responsesthat4consciousness,researchers previouslyreported.But suchan ideais untrue,according to a newopinion article.Plant biologyiscomplex andfascinating,but it5so greatlyfrom thatof animals thatso-called6of plantsintelligence isinconclusive,the authorswrote.Beginning in2006,some scientists have7_____________that plantspossessneuron-like cellsthat interactwith hormonesand neurotransmitters,8ua plantnervous system,___________9______to thatin animals,“said leadstudyauthor LincolnTaiz,They10claimed thatplantshavebrain-like commandcentersat theirroot tips.”This11makes senseif yousimplify theworkings ofa complexbrain,12it to an arrayof electricalpulses；cells inplantsalso communicatethrough electricalsignals.13_____________,the signalingin a plantis only14similar to the firingin acomplex animalbrain,which ismorethan“a massof cellsthat communicateby electricity,“Taiz said.“For consciousnessto evolve,a brainwith athreshold15ofcomplexity andcapacity isrequired,he________

16.Since plantsdont havenervous systems,the17that theyhave consciousnessareeffectively zero.”And whats sogreat aboutconsciousness,anyway Plantscan,t runaway from18，so investingenergy in a bodysystem whichparticipantsmust notfall into the trapof stereotypingeach other.Artists andscientistsalike areimmersed indiscovery andinvention,and challengeand critiquearecore toboth,too.

31.According toParagraph1,art-science collaborationshave.[A]caught theattention ofcritics[B]received favorableresponses[C]promoted academicpublishing[D]sparked heatedpublic disputes

32.The reworkedversion ofThe FourSeasons ismentioned toshow that[A]art canoffer audienceseasy accessto science[B]science canhelp with the expressionof emotions[C]public participationin sciencehas apromising future[D]art iseffective infacilitating scientificinnovations

33.Some artistsseem toworry aboutin theart-science partnership[A]their rolemay beunderestimated[B]their reputationmay beimpaired[C]their creativitymay beinhibited[D]their workmay bemisguided

34.What doesthe authorsay aboutCAVS[A]It washeaded alternatelyby artists and scientists.[B]It exemplifiedvaluable art-science alliances.[C]Its projectsaimed at advancing visual studies.[D]Its founderssought toraise thestatus of artists.

35.In the last paragraph,the authorholds thatart-science collaborations.[A]are likelyto gobeyond publicexpectations[B]will intensifyinterdisciplinary competition[C]should domore thancommunicating science[D]are becomingmore popularthan before答案解析

31.[B]received favorableresponses

32.[A]art canoffer audienceseasy accessto science

33.[A]their rolemay beunderestimated

34.[B]It exemplifiedthe valuableart-science alliances.

35.[C]should domore thancommunicating scienceText4The personalgrievance provisionsof New Zealands EmploymentRelations Act2000ERA preventan employerfrom firingan employeewithout goodcause.Instead,dismissals must be justified.Employers mustboth showcause and act inaprocedurally fairway.Personal grievanceprocedures weredesigned toguard the jobs of ordinary workersfromaunjustified dismissalsv.The premisewas that the commonlaw ofcontract lackedsufficientsafeguards forworkers againstarbitrary conductby management.Long goneare the dayswhen aboss couldsimply givean employeecontractual notice.But theseprovisions createdifficulties forbusinesses whenapplied tohighlypaid managersand executives.As countlessboards andbusiness ownerswill attest,constraining firmsfrom firingpoorly performing,high-earning managersis ahandbrakeon boostingproductivity and overall performance.The differencebetweenC-grade andA-grade managersmay verywell bethe differencebetween businesssuccessor failure.Between preservingthe jobsofordinary workers orlosing them.Yetmediocrity isno longerenough tojustify adismissal.Consequently一and paradoxically一laws introducedto protect the jobsofordinary workersmay beplacing thosejobs at risk.If notplacing jobsatrisk,to theextent employmentprotection lawsconstrainbusiness ownersfrom dismissingunder-performing managers,those lawsact asaconstraint onfirm productivityand thereforeon workerswages.Indeed,in uAnInternationalPerspective onNewZealand,s ProductivityParadox2014,theProductivity Commissionsingled outthe lowquality ofmanagerial capabilitiesasa causeof thecountry spoor productivitygrowth record.Nor arehighly paidmanagers themselvesimmune from the harmcaused by the ERAsunjustified dismissalprocedures.Because employmentprotection lawsmake itcostlierto firean employee,employers aremore cautiousabout hiringnew staff.This makesit harderfor themarginal managerto gainemployment.And firmspay stafflessbecause firmscarry theburden of the employmentarrangement goingwrong.Society alsosuffers fromexcessive employmentprotections.Stringent jobdismissalregulations adverselyaffect productivitygrowth andhamper bothprosperityandoverallwell-being.Across theTasman Sea,Australia dealswiththeunjustified dismissalparadox byexcludingemployees earningabove aspecified uhigh-income threshold”from theprotectionof itsunfair dismissallaws.In NewZealand,a2016private membersBilltried topermit firmsand high-income employeesto contractout of theunjustified dismissalregime.However,the mechanismsproposed wereunwieldy andtheBill wasvoted downfollowing thechange ingovernment laterthat year.

36.The personalgrievance provisionsof theERA areintended to[A]punish dubiouscorporate practices[B]improve traditionalhiring procedures[C]exempt employersfrom certainduties[D]protect therights ofordinary workers

37.It can be learnedfrom paragraph3that theprovisions may[A]hinder businessdevelopment[B]undermine managersauthority[C]affect thepublic image of thefirms[D]worsen labor-management relations

38.Which of the followingmeasures wouldthe ProductivityCommission support[A]Imposing reasonablewage restraints.[B]Enforcing employmentprotection laws.[C]Limiting thepowers ofbusiness owners.[D]Dismissing poorlyperforming managers.

39.What mightbe aneffect ofERA sunjustified dismissalprocedures[A]Highly paidmanagers losetheir jobs.[B]Employees sufferfrom salarycuts.[C]Society seesa risein overallwell-being.[D]Employers need to hirenew staff.

40.It can be inferredthat the“high-income threshold“in Australia[A]has securedmanagersearnings[B]has producedundesired results[C]is beneficialto businessowners[D]is difficultto putinto practice答案解析

36.[D]protecttherights ofordinaryworkers

37.[A]hinder businessdevelopment

38.[D]Dismissing poorlyperforming managers.

39.[B]Employees sufferfrom salarycuts.

40.[D]is difficultto putinto practiceSection II Reading ComprehensionPart B题目要求暂无，需要考生总结人物观点然后选择正确选项，类似英语二信息匹配题41Teri ByrdI am aveterinarian whowas a zoo andwildlife parkemployee foryears beforeobtainingmy veterinarydegree.Both thewildlife parkand zooclaimed to beoperating for the benefitofthe animals andfor conservationpurposes.This claimwasfalse.Neither oneof themactually participatedin anycontributions to animalresearch orconservation.They areprofitable institutionswhose bottomline ismuchmore importantthan thecondition oftheanimals.Animals despisebeing captivesin zoos.No matterhow you“enhance”enclosures,they do not allowfor freedom,a naturaldiet oradequate exercise.Animals endupstressed andunhealthy ordead.It spast timefor transparencywith theseinstitutions,and itspast timeto eliminatezoos fromour culture.42Karen R.SimeAs azoology professorand,thanks tomy kids,a frequentzoo visitor,I agreewithEmma Marr is thatzoo displayscanbesad andcruel.But sheunderestimatesthe educationalvalue of zoos.The zoologyprogram at my StateUniversity ofNew Yorkcampus attractsstudentsfor whomzoo visitswere thecrucial formativeexperience thatled themto majorinbiological sciences.These are mostly studentswho hadno opportunityas childrentotravel to wilderness areas,wildlife refugesor nationalparks.Although goodTVshows canhelp stirchildren sinterest inconservation,they cannotreplacethe excitementofazoo visitas anintense,immersive andinteractive experience.They alsoget tomeet adultswho haveturned theirlove for animals intoa career,and withwhom theycan identify.Surely theremust besome middleground thatbalanceszoos treatmentof animalswith their educational potential.43Greg NewberryEmmaMarris,article isan insultandadisservice tothe thousandsof passionate,dedicated people who worktirelessly to improve thelives of animals and protectour planet.Ms.Marr isuses outdatedresearch anddecades-old examplesto underminethenoble missionof organizationscommitted toconnecting childrentoaworld beyondtheir own.Zoos areat theforefront of conservation andconstantly evolvingtoimprovehowthey careforanimalsandprotecteach speciesin itsnatural habitat.Are theretragediesOf course.But theyaretheexception,not thenorm thatMs.Marr isimplies.A distressedanimal inazoowill getas goodor bettertreatment thanmostof usat ourlocal hospital.44Dean GalleaAsa fellowenvironmentalist,animal-protection advocateand longtimevegetarian,I couldproperly bein thesame campas EmmaMarris on the issueof zoos.But Ibelievethat well-run zoos,and theheroic animals that suffertheir captivity,do serveahigher purpose.Were itnot foropportunities toobserve thesebeautiful,wildcreatures closeto home,many morepeople would be drivenby theirfascination totraveltowildareas toseek out,disturb andeven huntthem down.Zoos are,in thatsense,similar tonatural historyand archaeologymuseums,serving tosatisfy ourneed forcontact withthese livingcreatures whileleavingthe vastmajority undisturbedin their natural environments.45John FraserEmmaMarrisselectively describesand misrepresentsthe findingsof ourresearch.Our studiesfocused onthe impactofzooexperiences onhow peoplethink aboutthemselvesand nature,and thedata pointsextracted fromour studiesdonot,inany way,discount whatis learnedinazoo visit.Zoos aretools forthinking.Our researchprovides strongsupport forthe valueofzoos inconnecting peoplewith animalsand withnature.Zoos providea criticalvoicefor conservationand environmentalprotection.They affordan opportunityforpeople fromall backgroundsto encountera rangeofanimals,from dronebees tospringbokor salmon,to betterunderstand thenatural worldwe livein.[A]Zoos,which spareno effortto takecare ofanimals,should notbe subjectedtounfair criticism.[B]To pressurezoos tospend lesson theiranimals wouldlead toinhumane outcomesforthe preciouscreatures in their care.[C]While animalsin captivitydeserve sympathy,zoo playsignificant roleinstarting youngpeople sownthe pathof relatedsciences.[D]Zoos savepeople tripsto wildernessareas andthus contributeto wildlifeconservation.[E]For wildanimalsthatcannot bereturned totheirnaturalhabitats,zoos offerthebest alternative.[F]Zoos shouldhave beenclosed downas theyprioritize moneymaking overanimalswell-being.[G]Marris distortsour findingswhich actuallyprove thatzoos serveas anindispensablelink betweenman andnature.答案解析

41.[F]Zoos shouldhave beenclosed downas theyprioritize moneymaking overanimalswell-being.

42.[C]While animalsin captivitydeserve sympathy,zoo playsignificant roleinstarting youngpeople sownthe pathof relatedsciences.

43.[A]Zoos,which spareno effortto takecare ofanimals,should notbesubjected tounfair criticism.

44.[D]Zoos savepeople tripsto wildernessareas andthus contributeto wildlifeconservation.

45.[G]Marris distortsour findingswhich actuallyprove thatzoos serveas anindispensablelink betweenman andnature.翻译Section IIReading ComprehensionPartCDirections Readthe followingtext carefullyand thentranslate theunderlined segmentsintoChinese.Your translationshould bewritten neatlyonthe ANSWER SHEET.10pointsBetween1807and1814the IberianPeninsula comprisingSpain andPortugal wasthescene ofa titanicand mercilessstruggle.It tookplace onmany differentplanes betweenNapoleon sFrench armyand theangry inhabitants；between theBritish,ever keento exacerbatethe emperors difficulties,and themarshals sentfrom Paristotry tokeep themin check；between newforces ofscience andmeritocracy andoldones ofconservatism andbirth.46It was also,and this is unknowneven tomanypeople wellread aboutthe period,a battlebetween thosewho madecodes andthosewho brokethem.I firstdiscovered theNapoleonic cryptographicbattle a few years ago whenI wasreadingSir CharlesOman,s epicHistory ofthe PeninsularWar.In volumeV hehadattached anappendix,“The ScovellCiphers.”47It listedmany documentsin codethat had been capturedfromtheFrench armyof Spain,and whosesecrets had been revealedbythework ofone GeorgeScovell,an officerinBritish headquarters.Oman ratedScovelV ssignificance highly,but at the sametime,the generalnature ofhis Historymeant that48he couldnot analyzecarefullywhat thisobscure officermay ormay nothave contributedto that great strugglebetweennations orindeed tellus anythingmuch aboutthe manhimself.I waskeento readmore,but wassurprised to find thatOman,s appendix,published in1914,was theonly consideredthing thathadbeenwritten aboutthis secretwar.I becameconvinced that this storywas everybit asexciting andsignificant asthatof Enigmaand thebreaking ofGerman codesin theSecond WorldWar.The questionwas,could itbe toldStudyingScovell spapers atthe PublicRecord Office,London,I foundthat hehadleft anextensive journaland copiousnotes abouthis workin thepeninsula.What wasmore,many originalFrench dispatcheshadbeenpreserved inthis collection.1realized atonce thatthis waspriceless.49There mayhave beenmany spiesand intelligenceofficers duringthe NapoleonicWars,but it is usuallyextremely difficulttofindthe materialthey actuallyprovidedor workedon.Furthermore,Scovell,s storyinvolved muchmore thanjustintelligence work.His statusin LordWellington sheadquarters andthe recognitiongivento himfor his work wereall boundup withthe classpolitics ofthe armyatthe time.His taleof self-improvement andhard workwould makea fascinatingbiographyin itsown right,but representssomething more than that.50Just asthecode breakinghas itswider relevancein thestruggle forSpain,so his attemptsto makehis wayup thepromotion ladderspeak volumesabout Britishsociety.【参考译文】

46.即使是对许多好好研读过这段时期历史的人来说，他们也不知道这也是一场创造密码的人和破解密码的人之间的较量

47.它书中列出了许多从西班牙的法国军队那里缴获的密码文件，这些文件的秘密已经被英军指挥部的一位军官乔治•斯科维尔揭露了出来

48.他阿曼无法精细分析这位鲜为人知的军官是否对那场国家间的大规模战争起到作用，也无法确切地告诉我们更多有关他本人的任何事情

49.在拿破仑战争期间，可能有很多间谍和情报官员，但通常很难找到他们实际提供或研究过的资料

50.正如密码破译在争夺西班牙的斗争中有其更广泛的意义，他在晋升途径上的尝试也提供了很多关于英国社会的信息作文Section IIIWritingPart A

51.Directions Writean emailtoa professor ata British university,inviting him/her toorganizea team forthe international innovation contest to be held at your university.You shouldwrite about100words onthe ANSWERSHEET.Do notuse yourown namein theemail；use“Li Ming“instead.10pointsPart B

52.Directions Writean essayof160-200words basedonthe picture below.In youressay,youshould1describe thepicture briefly,2interpret theimplied meaning,and3give yourcomments.Write youranswer onthe ANSWERSHEET.20points注以上考研试题内容来源于网友回忆，仅供参考答案解析

51.【审题】应用文类email型书信邀请信，由关键词inviting可判断类型收信aprofessorataBritishuniversity人19a threatand canfeel painwouldbea very20evolutionary strategy,accordingto thearticle.

1.[A]coined[B]discovered[C]collected[D]issued

2.[A]attributed[B]directed[C]compared[D]confined

3.[A]Unless[B]When[C]Once[D]Though

4.[A]coped with[B]consisted of[C]hinted at[D]extended to

5.[A]suffers[B]benefits[C]develops[D]differs

6.[A]acceptance[B]evidence[C]cultivation[D]creation

7.[A]doubted[B]denied[C]argued[D]requested

8.[A]adapting[B]forming[C]repairing[D]testing

9.[A]analogous[B]essential[C]suitable[D]sensitive

10.[A]just[B]ever[C]still[D]even

11.[A]restriction[B]experiment[C]perspective[D]demand

12.[A]attaching[B]reducing[C]returning[D]exposing

13.[A]However[B]Moreover[C]Therefore[D]Otherwise

14.[A]temporarily[B]literally[C]superficially[D]imaginarily

15.[A]list[B]level[C]label[D]load

16.[A]recalled[B]agreed[C]questioned[D]added

17.[A]chances[B]risks[C]excuses[D]assumptions

18.[A]danger[B]failure[C]warning[D]control

19.[A]represents[B]includes[C]reveals[D]recognizes

20.[A]humble[B]poor[C]practical[D]easy答案解析

1.[A]coined内容写信背景+内容inviting him/her toorganize ateamforthe international要点innovationcontestto beheldatyouruniversity署名Li Ming【参考范文】Part ADearProfessor,I am a studentwho isin chargeoftheStudents Union.Iamwriting thisemailto inviteyou toorganize ateam toparticipate in theinternationalinnovationcontest heldatmy university.The relevantdetails areas follows.For onething,the contestwill beheld inthegym ofmyuniversityfrom March3to March

5.For another,it isadvisable foryouto know that thetheme ofthe contestis“Internet+”.Besides,we willprovidefree accommodationsfor yourteam duringthe contest.I sincerelyhope thatmy invitationcan drawyour attentionand Iam lookingforwardto hearingfrom yousoon.Sincerely yours,Li Ming

52.【审题】图画图画说明寓意类型整体描述两个女生正看着校园讲座的海报一幅重视广细节描述一个学生说“不是我们专业的，听了也没多大用”，而图泛学习另一个学生回答“听听总会有好处”Part B【参考范文】What comesinto viewis thatin thepicture,two girlsare lookingattheposterfor alecture.If wetake acloser look,it canbe foundthat onestudent says,“Ithas nothingto dowith ourmajor.It isuseless forus!”while theother replies,“There arealways somebenefits.”Obviously,the abovepicture hasshown animplicationthatgreatemphasis shouldbe placedon extensive learning.What thecartoonist hasconveyed inthepicturecanbeclearly andaccuratelysummarized asthe followingthe phenomenonwill makea hugedifference toour lives.The supportingpoint isthat extensivelearning canexpand theknowledge of students,broaden theirhorizons,and arousetheir enthusiasmfor study.Besides,it is notrare tofind thatextensivelearningis helpfultotheformation ofstudents goodcharacterbecause whilelearning differentknowledge,people areinspired tothinkabout theworld andtheirownlives,gradually recognizethemselves,and activelythinkabout theirfuture.In summary,itishigh timethat wetook concreteand efficientactions.The massmedia,such astelevision andthe Internet,should makeevery effortto advocatethephenomenon.Only inthis waycan wemake ourlife morecolorful andvigorous.

2.[C]compared

3.[D]Though

4.[C]hinted at

5.[D]differs

6.[B]evidence

7.[C]argued

8.[B]forming

9.[A]analogous

10.[D]even

11.[C]perspective

12.[B]reducing

13.[A]However

14.[C]superficially

15.[B]level

16.[D]added

17.[A]chances

18.[A]danger

19.[D]recognizes

20.[B]poor阅读理解SectionIIReading ComprehensionPartADirections Readthe followingfour texts.Answer thequestions aftereach textby choosingA,B,C orD.Mark youranswers ontheANSWERSHEET.40pointsText1People oftencomplain thatplastics aretoo durable.Water bottles,shopping bags,and othertrash litterthe planet,from MountEverest tothe MarianaTrench,becauseplastics areeverywhere anddon tbreak downeasily.But someplastic materialschangeover time.They crackand frizzle.They“weep”out additives.They meltintosludge.All ofwhich createshuge headachesfor institutions,such asmuseums,trying to preserve culturallyimportant objects.The varietyof plasticobjects atriskis dizzyingearly radios,avant-garde sculptures,celluloid animationstillsfrom Disneyfilms,the firstartificial heart.Certain artifactsare especiallyvulnerable becausesome pioneersin plasticartdidn,t alwaysknow howto mixingredients properly,says Theavan Oosten,a polymerchemistwho,until retiringa fewyearsago,worked fordecades atthe CulturalHeritageAgency ofthe Netherlands.“It slike bakinga cakeIf youdon thave exactamounts,it goeswrong,“shesays.The objectyou makeis alreadya timebomb.”And sometimes,it snot theartists fault.In the1960s,the Italianartist PieroGilardibegan tocreate hundredsof bright,colorful foampieces.Those piecesincludedsmall bedsof rosesand otheritems aswell asafewdozen“nature carpets”—large rectanglesdecorated withfoam pumpkins,cabbages,and watermelons.Hewanted viewersto walkaround onthe carpets——which meantthey hadto bedurable.Unfortunately,the polyurethanefoam heused isinherently unstable.Itsespecially vulnerableto lightdamage,and bythe mid-1990s,Gilardi spumpkins,roses,and otherfigures weresplitting andcrumbling.Museums lockedsome ofthemaway inthe dark.So van Oosten andher colleaguesworked topreserve Gilardissculptures.Theyinfused somewith stabilizingand consolidatingchemicals.Van Oostencalls thosechemicals“sunscreens“because theirgoal wasto preventfurther lightdamage andrebuildworn polymerfibers.She isproud thatseveral sculptureshave evengoneon displayagain,albeit sometimesbeneath protectivecases.Despite successstories likevanOosten,s,preservation ofplastics willlikelyget harder.Old objectscontinue todeteriorate.Worse,biodegradable plastics,designed todisintegrate,are increasinglycommon.And moreisatstake herethan individualobjects.Joana LiaFerreira,an assistantprofessorofconservationand restorationattheNOVA Schoolof ScienceandTechnology,notes thatarchaeologists firstdefined thegreat materialages ofhumanhistory—Stone Age,Iron Age,and soon—after examiningartifacts inmuseums.Wenow livein anage ofplastic,she says,uand whatwe decideto collecttoday,whatwe decidetopreserve•••will have a strongimpact onhow inthe futurewe11beseen.”

21.According toParagraph1,museums arefaced withdifficulties in[A]maintaining theirplastic items[B]obtaining durableplastic artifacts[C]handling outdatedplastic exhibits[D]classifying theirplastic collections

22.Van Oostenbelieves thatcertain plasticobjects are.[A]immune todecay[B]improperly shaped[C]inherently flawed[D]complex instructure

23.Museums stoppedexhibiting some of Gilardis artworksto[A]keep themfrom hurtingvisitors[B]duplicate themfor futuredisplay[C]have theiringredients analyzed[D]prevent themfrom furtherdamage

24.The authorthinks thatpreservation ofplastics is.[A]costly[B]unworthy[C]unpopular[D]challenging

25.In Ferreira,s opinion,preservation ofplastic artifacts.[A]will inspirefuture scientificresearch[B]has profoundhistorical significance[C]will helpus separatethe materialages[D]has animpact ontoday scultural lifeSection11ReadingComprehension答案解析

21.[A]maintaining theirplastic items

22.[C]inherently flawed

23.[D]prevent themfrom furtherdamage

24.[D]challenging

25.[B]has profoundhistorical significanceText2As thelatest cropofstudentspen theirundergraduate applicationform andweighup theiroptions,it maybe worthconsidering justhow thepoint,purpose andvalueof a degree haschanged andwhat Generation Z needto consideras theystart thethirdstage of theireducationaljourney.Millennials weretold thatif youdid wellin school,got a decent degree,youwould beset upfor life.But thatpromise hasbeen foundwanting.As degreesbecameuniversal,they becamedevalued.Education wasno longera secureroute ofsocialmobility.Today,28per centof graduates intheUK arein non-graduate roles,apercentage whichis doublethe averageamong OECDcountries.This isnot tosay that there isno pointin gettinga degree,but ratherstressthat a degree isnot foreveryone,thattheswitch fromclassroom tolecture hallisnot aninevitable oneand thatother optionsare available.Thankfully,there aresigns thatthisisalready happening,with Generation Zseeking tolearn fromtheir millennialpredecessors,even ifparents andteacherstend tobe stillset inthe degreemindset.Employers havelong seenthe advantagesofhiring school leavers whooften provethemselves tobe morecommitted andloyalemployees thangraduates.Many tooare seeingthe advantagesof scrappinga degreerequirementfor certainroles.For thosefor whoma degreeis the desired route,consider thatthis maywellbe thefirst ofmany.In thisageofgeneralists,it paysto havespecific knowledgeorskills.Postgraduates nowearn40per centmorethangraduates.When moreandmore ofus have a degree,it makessense tohave two.It isunlikely thatGeneration Zwill bedone with education at18or21；theywill needtobeconstantly up-skilling throughouttheir careerto stayemployable.It hasbeen estimatedthatthisgeneration,due tothe pressuresof technology,thewish forpersonal fulfilmentand desirefor diversity,will workfor17differentemployers overthe courseoftheir working lifeand havefive differentcareers.Education,and notjust knowledgegained oncampus,will bea corepart ofGenerationV scareer trajectory.Older generationsoften talkabout their degree inthe presentand personaltense Ham ageographeror Iamaciassist.Their sonsor daughterswould neversay suchathing；it sas ifthey alreadyknowthattheirdegreewon tdefine themin thesameway.

26.The authorsuggests thatGenerationZshould.[A]be carefulin choosinga college[B]be diligentat eacheducational stage[C]reassess thenecessity ofcollege education[D]postpone theirundergraduate application

27.The percentageof UKgraduatesinnon-graduate rolesreflect.[A]Millennial,s opinionsabout work[B]the shrinkingvalue ofadegree[C]public discontentwitheducation[D]thedesiredroute ofsocial mobility

28.The authorconsiders ita goodsign that.[A]GenerationZare seekingto earnadecentdegree[B]schoolleaversare willingtobeskilled workers[C]employers aretaking arealistic attitudeto degrees[D]parents arechanging theirminds abouteducation

29.It isadvised inParagraph5that thosewith onedegree should[A]make anearly decisionon theircareer[B]attend onthejobtraining programs[C]team upwith high-paid postgraduates[D]further theirstudies ina specificfield

30.What canbe concludedabout GenerationZ fromthelasttwo paragraphs[A]Lifelong learningwill definethem.[B]They willmake qualifiededucators.[C]Degrees willno longerappeal them.[D]They willhavealimited choiceof jobs.答案解析

26.[C]reassess thenecessity ofcollege education

27.[B]the shrinkingvalue ofadegree

28.[C]employers aretaking arealistic attitudeto degrees

29.[D]further theirstudies ina specificfield

30.[A]Lifelong learningwill definethem.Text3Enlightening,challenging,stimulating,fun.These weresomeofthe wordsthatNature readersused todescribe theirexperience ofart-science collaborationsina seriesof articleson partnershipsbetween artistsand researchers.Nearly40%oftheroughly350peoplewhoresponded toan accompanyingpoll saidthey hadcollaboratedwith artists；and almostall saidthey wouldconsider doingso infuture.Such anencouraging resultisnotsurprising.Scientists areincreasingly seekingoutvisual artiststo helpthem communicatetheirworkto newaudiences.uArtistshelp scientistsreach abroader audienceand makeemotional connectionsthat enhancelearning.One respondentsaid.One exampleof howartistsandscientistshavetogether rockedthe sensescamelast monthwhen theSydney SymphonyOrchestra performeda reworkedversion ofAntonioVivaldi sThe FourSeasons.They reimaginedthe300-year-old scoreby injectingthelatest climateprediction datafor eachseason—provided byMonash UniversitysClimate ChangeCommunication ResearchHub.The performancewasacreative calltoaction aheadof November,s UnitedNations ClimateChange Conferencein Glasgow,UK.But agenuine partnershipmustbea two-way street.Fewer artiststhan scientistsrespondedtotheNature poll；however,several respondentsnoted thatartists donotsimply assistscientists withtheir communicationrequirements.Nor shouldtheirwork beconsidered onlyas anobject ofstudy.The alliancesaremostvaluable whenscientistsand artistshaveashared stakeinaproject,are ableto jointlydesignit andcan critiqueeach other,swork.Such anapproach canboth promptnew researchaswell asresult inpowerful art.More thanhalf acentury ago,the MassachusettsInstitute ofTechnology openeditsCenter forAdvanced VisualStudies CAVSto explorethe roleof technologyinculture.The foundersdeliberately focusedtheir projectsaround light—hence the“visualstudies”inthename.Light wasa somethingthat bothartists andscientistshad aninterest in,and thereforecould formthe basisof collaboration.As scienceand technologyprogressed,and dividedinto moresub-disciplines,thecentre wassimultaneously lookingtoatime whenleading researcherscould alsobeartists,writers andpoets,and viceversa.Nature spoll findingssuggest thatthis trendis asstrong asever,but,to makeacollaboration work,both sidesneedtoinvest time,and embracesurprise andchallenge.The reachofart-science tie-ups needto gobeyond thenecessary purposeofresearch communication,and。