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Unit1Women of achievement保前预习案I*填准记里「稳固根基1词汇语境用II III.情景默写
1.We support（支持）each otherfinancially andby showingup atevents.（2017•全国卷n）
2.His parentsalways hadhim weedingthe garden,carrying outthe garbageand delivering（递送）newspapers.（2016•天津卷）
3.He issuch agreat manthat allof usshow ourrespect（尊敬）for him.
4.Last week,I returnedto thevillage whereI grewup inmy childhood（童年）,
5.None of us hadseen anemeogency（紧急情况）like this and wewere allterrified.
6.Yesterday thepolice begana campaign（运动）to stoptaking drugs.
7.There isa generation（一代）gap betweenmy parentsand me.
8.You cant imaginehow manypeople crowded（挤满）the cinemaon theNew Year,sDay.
9.Computers havereplaced televisionsas ourmost popularform ofentertainment（娱乐）.
10.Helping othersin needisaworthwhile（值得的）matter.
11.The audience（听众）was noless thanfive thousand.
12.He drovethe injuredto thenearest hospitalout ofkindness（好意）.
13.In time of successwe remainmodest（谦虚的）,while intimeofdifficulty wekeepstrong-minded.
14.She triedto sleep,but toomany thoughtscrowded in（涌入月血海）on her.
15.Always checkbehind thecar beforeyou moveoff（起程）.
16.Mr.Garcia looksdown upon/on（蔑视;瞧不起）anyone whodoesn twork hard.•It occurs/occurred to sb that...•It strikes/struck sbthat...■:爰知识运用看能力跨越I.课文语法填空Nobody beforeJane fullyunderstood chimps
1.behavior behave.She spentyears observingand
2.recording recordtheir dailyactivities.
3.Since herchildhood she had wantedto workwith animals in their ownenvironment.However,this was not easy.When shefirst arrivedin Gombein1960,it was
4.unusual usualfor a woman tolive in the forest.Only afterher mothercameto helpher for the firstfew monthswas sheallowed
5.to beginbegin herproject.Her workchangedthe waypeople thinkabout chimps.For example,one importantthing shediscovered was
6.that chimpshunt andeat meat.Until theneveryone hadthought chimpsate onlyfruit andnuts.She actuallyobserved chimpsas
7.a grouphunting amonkey and then eating
8.it.She alsodiscovered
9.how chimpscommunicate witheach other,and herstudy of their bodylanguage helpedherwork
10.out theirsocial system.II.课文短文改错For forty years Jane Goodall had been outspokenabout makingthe restofaworld understandandrespect thelife of these animals.She has argued thatwild animalsshould left in thewildand notused forentertainment andadvertisements.She hashelped toset upspecial placeswherethey can live insafely.She isleading abusy lifebut shesaysOnce Istop,it allcomescrowding in and Iremembering the chimps in laboratories.It sterribly.It affectsme whenIwatch thewild chimp.I sayto me,Aren tthey luckyAnd thenI thinkabout smallchimpsin cages though they have donesomething wrong.Once you have seenthat,you cannever forget...答案had aForfortyyearsJaneGoodall:—been outspokenabout makingthe restof-:-has theworldunderstand andrespect thelife ofthese animals.She has argued thatwildandanimals shouldleftin the wildbeand notused forentertainment------------------oradvertisements.She hashelped toset upspecial placeswhere theycanliveinsafely.She isleading abusy lifebut shesaysOnce Istop,it allcomes crowding.remembering...,terriblyin and I;the chimps inlaboratories.It s..,.It affectsme whenrememberterriblechimp meIwatch thewild.I sayto-,Aren tthey luckyAnd thenI thinkchimpsmyself.somethingabout smallchimpsincagesthoughtheyhavedone hingwrong.Once youhave seenthat,you cannotneverforget...III.单元要点微写作请根据下面提示写一篇短文，介绍著名人物汉斯HansL一生都奉献给了无家可归的儿童，赢得了所有人的尊重
2.曾被邀请在哈佛大学毕业典礼上发表deliver演讲
3.名言
①照顾孩子是平凡的工作，但是你不要瞧不起平凡的工作
②一旦开始做一件事情，你就必须坚持下去，否则你将一事无成只有当年老回首往事你能够说你已经全力以赴时，你才会对你的一生感到满足注意
1.词数60左右；
2.尽量使用本单元的知识点；
3.可适当增加细节【参考范文】Hans,a manof greatachievements,has devotedall hislife tohomeless children.His behaviourhaswon respectof all.When askedto delivera speechon thegraduation inHarvard University,he said,“Caring forchildren isan ordinaryjob,but don t lookdown uponordinary jobs.and headded,“Once youbegin to do something,you mustcarry on with it,otherwise you willnever achieveanything.Only when you areold lookingback andsaying that youhavetried yourbestwill yoube contentwith yourlife.”保后提能案］J J活学巧练工朋理通法;AThe15—year—old actorReese Hartwigstars in this summersnewest movie,EarthtoEcho.Recently Jackand Jillinterviewed thiskid actor.JJHow didyou getstarted inactingReeseMy familyand Tmoved fromArizona toCalifornia becausemy dadworked for a companythatprovides carsfor movieslike Transformers.He was already in the business.When wecameto California,I decidedto giveqcting g§hot.JJHow wasyour first audition（试演）？ReeseMy brotherRyan and I auditionedin the same buildingand onhis birthday.Our agentsaid,“Why dontyoueach tryout forboth parts”I endedup bookingthe parthe wentinfor,and hebooked mine.That show itstarted.JJIs actingyour dreamjobReeseI vealways wantedto bea plasticsurgeon（整形外科医生），but Iwill needmoneyfrom actingto getthrough collegeand medicalschool.Acting hasbeen reallyfun,but youneeda backupplan justin case.JJTell us about yournew movie,Earth toEcho.ReeseThe moviesaboutthree friendswho liveinaneighborhood thats beingtorn downtobuild afreeway.Soon,the friendsbegin receivingstrange messageson theircell phones.Itturns outthey find an alien,Echo,and tryto help the alienand savethe neighborhood.JJHow wasthis一your firstbig actingrole—different fromother projectsyou vedoneReeseVery different.The moviewas filmedas ifwe,the characters,were holdingthe camerasandfilming thescenes.It wasinteresting shootingscenes with the alien,Echo,because youactedwith aninanimate（无生命的）object,andthen the technicalstaff developedthe characteronthe computer.【语篇导读】本文是应用文文章是々cA a〃刀.〃杂志对童星Reese的访谈
1.What doesthe underlinedpart“give actinga shotmeanA.Give upacting.B.Think aboutacting.C.Try to do someacting.D.Choose actingas alifelong career.答案C［词义猜测题根据下文Reese描述他如何开始演艺之路以及他的理想工作是整形外科医生可知，受到父亲的影响，来到加州后的Reese想要尝试一下演戏］
2.The dayReese wentto hisfirstaudition,.A.he cameacross RyanB.it washis15th birthdayC.he gotthe partRyan wantedD.he didsome sightseeingin Arizona答案C［细节理解题根据文中的I endedup bookingthe parthe wentin for,and hebookedmine可知，在第一次试演的那天，Reese得到他兄弟Ryan喜欢的角色］
3.What canwe learnabout Earth to EchoA.It isa sciencefiction film.B.It wasfilmed byReese sfriends.C.It showsthe importanceof friendship.D.It callson people to protectthe earth.答案A［推理判断题根据Reese对新电影EarthtoEcho的介绍receiving strangemessages...findanalien...helpthealien可推测，这是一部科幻片］B“When I was achild,space wasall Idreamt andtalked about.My parentsthought it wasjust a phase（阶段），but asI grewup I became greatlyinterested inscience.Inever doubtedthat oneday I,dbean astronaut（宇航员）.“As anadult,AnoushehAnsari lefther homecountry Iran,settled in the USAand starteda company.The companywas sosuccessfulthat shewas finallyable tosell itfor$750million.The firstthing thatcrossedmy mindwas thatmy lifes goalmight nowbe withinreach andI signedup to become the firstfemale（女性的）private spaceexplorer ata costof around$20million.”Anousheh setoff onSeptember18th alongwith twoastronauts.On the space station,eachmember ofa spacecrew（全体机组人员），tourist ornot,is expected to carry out importantexperimentson board.For Anousheh,this meansworking onlower backpains inastronauts andstudyingtiny lifeforms thatcan carrydiseases on board thestation.Many peoplemight haveconsideredthis“working holidayvbad,but Anoushehloved it.Anousheh facedmany difficultiesonboard.To washher hair,for example,shehadto putwaterover herhead；however,little bitsof waterwould float（漂浮）away,“The guyslikedto makefun ofme.They dask meto passthe breadand whenI handedit to them,rather thanfloatingit,they dsay Id takenall thefun out of it.After awhile,I gotused to all this,though,andIfelt soat home that in the end itwas hard to go back to normality.”Anousheh isproud to be thefirst femalespace touristand wants to encourage women all overthe world.However,she doesn,t likethe titleuspace tourist”.“I thinkif myexperienceis tobe compared to anexperiment oran experienceon Earth,it isprobably closerto anadventure toAntarectica orclimbing MountEverest,“she explains.【语篇导读】本文是记叙文文章主要讲述了首位太空女游客阿努什・安萨里的相关故事
4.As Anoushehwas growingup,.A.she didn t thinkshe wouldever becomean astronautB.her interestin space wasn texpectedtolastC.she disagreedwith herparents,plansD.others triedto discourageher dreams答案B［推理判断题根据第一段中的When Iwasachild,spacewasall Idreamt andtalkedabout.My parentsthought itwas justaphase,but asI grewup Ibecame greatlyinterested inscience可推断，Anousheh对于太空的热爱在父母看来只是一时头脑发热，不会持续太长时间］
5.The spacecrew members.A.often carrydiseases onto thespace stationB.can sufferaches andpainsC.must have a strongbackground inscienceD.have littletime torelax答案B［细节理解题根据第二段中的working onlower backpains inastronauts可知，太空机组成员可能遭受疼痛之苦
6.On thespacestation,A.Anousheh dida lotof practiceon breadB.it seemedimpossible forAnousheh towash withwaterC.Anousheh likedplaying gameswith theother astronautsD.it tookAnousheh sometime to get familiarwith theconditions答案D［细节理解题根据第三段中的After awhile,I gotused toall this,though,andIfeltso athome thatintheenditwashardtogobacktonormality可知,Anousheh在太空站慢慢适应了那里的环境］
7.In Anoushehs opinion,her experienceasaspace tourist.A.will giveother womenthe courageto explorespaceB.cannot becomparedtoany experienceon EarthC.turned outtobea dangerousexperimentD.wasnotas goodas shehoped答案A［推理判断题根据最后一段中的Anousheh isproud tobe thefirst femalespace touristandwantstoencouragewomenalloverthe world.可知,Anousheh想借自己的太空旅行鼓励更多的女性去太空探索］CMost peopleare bornwith two sets of teeth.They usebaby teethto eatas children.As theybecomeadults,the babyteeth arereplaced withpermanent teeth.By theage of65,30percentof peopleworldwide havelost alltheir teeth.As aresult,it isnot convenientfor themto eatanddrink indaily life.However,things arequite differentto thebony fish,such ascichlids（慈蜩）.Wheneverthey lose a tooth,they willhaveanew one intheplace.As isknown tous,cichlids area populartropicalfish whichcan regeneratetheir dentition（齿系）.They keeptheir teeththroughouttheir entirelife.If atooth shouldfall out,another onetakes itsplace.Todd Streelmanis workingwith cichlidsto findout whichgenes helpthem keeptheir teeth.He andhis teamfound thata mouthfulof teethwere replacedevery50days.What the researchersfound really amazing wasthat therewere someconnections betweenteeth and taste buds（味蕾）.Unlike humans,fish haveno tonguesinthe mouth,so theirtaste budsare mixedwith theirteethat the earliest stage of development.Teeth andtaste budsare inthesamekind oftissue aroundthemouthof fish.Once the fish developedeyes anda brain，theresearchersengineered theundifferentiated tissueinfish toincrease theproduction ofteeth,but cutback ontaste buds.This wasdone atan earlystage,during whichthefishwere stillforming jaws（口部）.Researchers atKings College,London,showed thata fewgenes inmice werealso involvedinthe development of bothteeth andtaste buds.These genesidentified infish arealso activeintheearliestdevelopmentofteeth on the jawmargin（边缘）andtaste buds onthe tongueofmice.Professor Streelmansays thestudies infish andmice suggestthat withthe rightsignals,the tissuein humansmight alsobe ableto developnew teethas needed.【语篇导读】本文为说明文人一生中有两副牙齿，小时候用乳牙吃东西，长大后，乳牙会逐渐被恒牙所取代但是，恒牙一旦脱落，将无法再生研究发现，一些硬骨鱼身上的基因可使牙齿再生
8.What dowe knowabout peoples teethA.Permanent teethwill neverdrop out.B.Some peoplehave tolive withoutteeth.C.Baby teethcan be used forup to65years.D.People usetwosetsofteethat thesame time.答案B［推理判断题根据文中第一段可知，全世界有百分之三十的人到65岁时，牙齿都掉光了因此，他们在日常生活中吃喝都很不方便由此可推知，有的人不得不过着没有牙齿的生活］
9.What canwe learnfrom cichlidsA.They arethe onlykind ofbony fish.B.Their teethare toostrong tolose.C.They canregrow theirlost teeth.D.They belongto thefresh-water fish.答案C［推理判断题根据文中第二段尤其是关键句Whenever theyloseatooth...which canregeneratetheir dentition（齿系）可知，硬骨鱼如果掉了牙齿,就会长出一颗新牙例如慈蜩，这种流行的热带鱼可以使牙系再生，它们一生都有牙齿由此可推知，慈媚可以重新长出失去的牙齿］
10.The researcherswere surprisedto findthat.A.cichlids area kindof fishwiththetongueB.it tookcichlids50days tocreate anew toothC.cichlids havecommon genesto keepits teethD.teeth andtastebudswould begininthesame place答案D［推理判断题根据文中第三段中的What theresearchers foundreallyamazing...at theearlieststageofdevelopment.v可知，真正令研究人员吃惊的是，他们发现慈媚的牙齿和味蕾存在联系鱼嘴里没有舌头，所以，在最初发展阶段，它们的味蕾和牙齿是混在一起长的］
11.What canwe concludefrom thestudyA.Mice andfish mayshare somesimilar genes.B.Streelman was thefirstto studygenes inmice.C.Genes tofish andmice can beusedfor humans.D・It simpossible forpeopletoproduce additionalteeth.答案A［推理判断题根据文中最后一段可知，伦敦国王学院的研究人员发现，老鼠身上的一些基因与牙齿和味蕾发育都有关鱼身上一些基因在老鼠牙齿的颗缘和舌头上的味蕾发育初始阶段也很活跃由此可推知，老鼠和鱼可能有一些相似的基因］
17.I cameacross遇见;碰见this oldphotograph whenlooking for a bookyesterday.
18.You,11have anaccident ifyou carry°n继续driving like that.
19.Devoted to专心于his researchwork,the scientisthas littletime tospend withhis family.
20.Your notesare excellentmaterials torefer to查阅;参考whenyou are studyingfor atest.n.词性转换
1.Do youbelieve thatthere sa connectionconnectbetween smokingand heartdisease
2.I holdthe firmbelief thatyouarebound toachieve yourdream ofbeing admittedtoakeyuniversity,which willgive youa wonderfulsense ofachievement achieve.
3.Ibecameinspired whenI heardher inspiringspeech,inspire
4.He argued against smoking,and insistedthat itwas beyond argument thatsmoking washarmfulto health.At last,he arguedus out of smoking,argue
5.It isconsiderate ofyou totake hisillness intoconsideration,consider
6.The richman wentabroad withthe intentionof tryinghis fortune,while thepoor manintendedto learnsome skillsof earningmoney,intend
7.Much tomy surprise,he behavedas ifnothing hadhappened.In general,Iwasquite pleasedwithhis behaviour,behave句型模仿写II II
1.句型公式while引导的时间状语从句当消防队员正试图控制火势时，直升机飞临到着火的大楼上空While;the firefighter^were tryingjto controlfire,helicopters flewto theburning building.
2.句型公式only引起的部分倒装我们只有在着陆之后才看到飞机损坏的严重程度Only whenwe landeddid wesee howbadly theplane hadbeendamaged.
3.句型公式once引导的让步状语从句一旦感情被伤害了，很难去恢复，不管你做出多少努力On*feelingsare hurt,it isdifficult torecover,no matterhow mucheffort youmake.
4.句型公式It hit/hits sbthat...我突然想到我把护照落在厨房的桌子上了Suddenly ithit me that I had leftmy passportonthetable inthe kitchen.
5.句型公式强调句型重要的并不是故事本身而是它所反映出来的东西It isnot thstory itselfbut“hat isreflected inthe storythat counts.（2015•福建卷•书面表达）
6.句型公式形容词作状语我回到了家，很疲劳但是很高兴We returnedhome,tired buthappy.微堂研学案ffiBffi深化重谋誉突破疑难（第一板块重点单词
1.behave vt.上举动；（举止或行为）表现高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/单句改错/微写作
①If parentsdo notteach theirchild howto behavehimself（him）,he willdo anythingat will.
（2）1think allof usshould mindour behavior（behave）in publicplaces.（福建卷）
③Theybehaved badtotheguests,which madeus verydisappointed,bad—badly
④最后，她不但赢得了他们的尊敬而且帮助他们变得表现良好、自信和体贴他人（2015•广东卷）Finally,shenotonlyearned theirrespect^butalso helpedthemgrow tobe well-behaved,self-confident andconsiderate.状元笔记全记牢1behave we11/badly to/towards sb对待某人好/差behave oneself守规矩；表现得体2well—behaved adj.表现好的badly—behaved adj.表现差的3behaviour n.举止；行为mind ones behaviour注意某人的举止
2.observe vt.观察；观测；注意到；遵守；庆祝高考必刷题练透写出下列句中observe的含义/单句语法填空
①It isa mustfor allof usto observe the rulesand regulations.遵守
②It isa traditionforthepeople hereto observethe SpringFestival.庆祝
③The scientistdevoted mostof hislifetime toobserving thebehavior ofthechimps.观察
④The thiefwas observed to openthe windowand runaway.注意至§0nthetop ofMountain Tai,people excitedlyobserved thesun risingrise fromthe sea.
⑥Last nightBruce wasobservedtoleave leavethe buildingwith twoyoung menand takea taxiaway.状元笔记全记牢1observe sbdo sth观察某人做某事全过程observe sbdoing sth观察某人正在做某事observe that...观察2observethetraffic rules遵守交通规则observe Christmas过圣诞节【点津】observe sbdo sth在变成被动语态时，应添加省略的不定式符号“to”
3.respect尊敬；尊重；敬意〃.细节；方面；敬意；问候高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/单句改错/微写作©He issuch agreat manthat allofusshow ourrespect forhim.
②Chinese childrengrow up with warningsnot towaste singlegrain ofrice,out ofrespect forfarmerslabor.
③With respectto yourother suggestions,I amnot ableto tellyou ourdecision.
④This suggestiondiffers fromthe lastoneinmany respectsrespect.
⑤Please sendmy respectto yourparents whenyou gohome nexttime.respect—respects61respect himhis courage,which hashelped himovercome somuch difficulty.respect后力口for
⑦我可能会选择放弃，并且尊重大多数人的观点2015•浙江卷I maychoose to give itup andrespecthe opinionofthemajority.状元笔记全记牢lrespect sbfor sth因某事而尊重某人2have/show respect for sb尊重某人give/send ones respectstosb向某人表示敬意outofrespectfor...出于对的尊敬3in all/many respects在各个方面/在许多方面in respectof=with respectto关于；就而言【点津】多重身份的名词“respect”
①表示“尊重；敬重”时为不可数名词；
②表示“细节；方面”时为可数名词；
③表示“敬意；问候”时，多用作复数形式4argue vi.力讨论；争论；争辩；说服；用辩论证明高考必刷题练透⑴语段填空
①The workers,who arguedfor theirown rights,argued withthe bossforafew days,but failedtoargue himinto givingthem arise inwages becausethe bossarguedagainstit andinsistedthat itwas beyondargument thattheir payhad alreadybeen OK.2一句多译/微写作
②最终我说服了他戒掉吸烟的坏习惯2—1I arguedhim outof smoking eventually,argue
②一2I persuadedhim outsmoking/togive up smokingeventually.persuade2—3I convincedhie togiveupsmokingeventually,convince
③我主张每个人都应该为保护环境做贡献2016•北京卷[mrgug j±a.t everyoneshould piakcontribution^j;protecting thenvironment.状元笔记全记牢1argue withsb on/about/over sth与某人争辩某事argue for/against sth为支持/反对某事而辩论argue that...should dosth主张argue sbinto/outofdoing sth说服某人做/不做某事2argument n.争论；争辩；论点beyondargument无需争论【点津】表示“说服某人做某事”的其他表达形式还有
①persuade sbto dosth
②persuade sbinto doingsth
③convince sbto dosth
④talk sbinto doingsth
5.intend vt.计划；打算高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/单句改错/微写作
①He hasmade uphis mindto intendhis sonto managemanagethe company.
②They intended to havggone gointo thecountry,but theweather failedtheir plan.3The schoolbeing builtis saidtobe intended forthe disabledchildren.©This programwas setupwithan intentionintendof helpingthe homeless.51intended tocatch theearly bus,but Ididntget upearly,intended前力「had
⑥The agreement,intended to helping homelesspeople,was signedlast week.helpingf help
⑦我打算在学校组织一些活动来提高我们的英语水平天津卷「jritend toorganize gom*gctivitiey让gchoo]「o_improvq°ur_English.状元笔记全记牢1intend sbto dosth打算让某人做某事doingintends打算做某事todosthhad intendedtodosth.」」「」j本来打算做某事intendedtonave donesthJto dosth专门为做2beintended-、，人[for sth专门给……3withan/the intentionof...抱有的目的；打算第二板块核心短语
1.refer to提及；谈到；参考；查阅；提交；把……称作……高考必刷题练透⑴写出下列句中refer to的含义
①If youdontknow theexact meaningoftheword,you mayreferto the dictionary.查阅DWhen givingthe lecture,he referred to hisnote fromtime totime.参考3We havereached anagreement thatwe willnot refer tothematter again.提及⑵单句语法填空/微写作
④You shouldrefer thismatter toour teacherforadecision.
⑤The scientistreferredtothe discoveryasthemost excitingnew developmentinthisfield.
⑥The dictionariescanbeused asreferencerefer bookswhile themagazines serveas readingmaterials.2015•天津卷
⑦当面对困难时，我常常选择参考相关学习资料或网页When faced“ith包difficulty,I usuallyghoose topefer torelevant learningmaterials o二web pages.状元笔记全记牢1refer to...as...把称作refer...to...把提交给2reference n.提及；参考;查阅in/with referenceto关于【联想】“查字典”的多种表达©refertothedictionary
②look upa wordinthedictionary
③consult thedictionary
2.carry on继续；保持；经营；进行；生意、谈话等高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/微写作
①We carriedonwithour dailywork notsuspecting whatwas aboutto happen.
②They tookgreat troubletohelphim;asaresult,their effortscarried himthrough.3If youcarry onworking worklikethat,youwillbreak downsooner orlater.
④如何养成习惯？第一步就是制订计划表，然后坚持去执行它（四川卷）How todevelop thehabit Thefirst stepis toset旦timetable andstick tocarrying outtheplan.状元笔记全记牢with sthcarry on，1继续做某事doing sthcarryoff赢得；获得（奖品、荣誉等）carryout实行；执行；进行；履行（诺言、义务等）carry through帮渡过（难关等）；维持;完成第三板块经典句式Suddenly ithit howdifficult itwas forawomantogetmedical trainingat thattime.我突然想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么难高考必刷题练透单句改错/一句多译
①It hitme thephone numberIhadtold themwas wrong.me后力口that
②It suddenlyoccurred himthat hehad lefthis keysintheoffice,occurred后加to
③我突然想到他们冤枉了她
③一1It hitmethat]they haddone greatwrong
（3）—2It struckmethat；to her.
（3）—3It occurredto methat,状元笔记全记牢
（1）“Ithit（s）me+that从句”意思是“我突然想到……”，it在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句⑵表示“（某人）突然想到……”的结构还有。
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