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北京十一学校学年高一第学段教与学质量诊断2022-20232英语试卷
一、根据中文和首字母提示填写单词，无需变形，请在答题卡上写全单词（每小题分，共1分）10（影响）（根据中英文提示单词拼写）
1.To oursurprise,her wordshad amagical eon us.【答案】effect##ffect【解析】【详解】考查名词句意令我们惊讶的是，她的话对我们有神奇的效果根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词“影响”，构成动词短语“对产生影响”，满足句意要求故填effect havean effecton sbeffecto
2.His workhas beencriticized forbeing imitativeands（肤浅）.（根据中英文提示单词拼写）【答案】shallow【解析】【详解】考查形容词句意他的作品被批评为抄袭且肤浅根据汉语提示，“肤浅的”为形容词shallow,此处与表并列，位于后作表语故填imitative beingshallow
3.Everything youdo orsay is a reflectionof yourp（性格，个性）.（根据中英文提示单词拼写）【答案】personality##ersonality【解析】【详解】考查名词句意你的一言一行都反映了你的个性根据首字母和汉语提示可知，名词personality符合题意，作宾语，此处为抽象概念，不可数故填personality
4.The advertisements are intended to improvethe companysi（形象）.（根据中英文提示单词拼写）【答案】image##mage【解析】【详解】考查名词句意这些广告旨在提升公司形象分析句意，中文含义和首字母可知，此处使用名词表示“形象”，作宾语，且此处公司的形象指一个，应为单数故填image image（代表）（根据中英文提示单词拼写）
5.Last yearI waschosen tor thecompany at the conference.【答案】represent##epresent【解析】【详解】考查动词句意去年我被选为公司代表参加会议意为“被选中去做某事”，为be chosento do固定搭配，此处用不定式作主语补足语根据首字母可知，表示“代表”应用动词故填to dor representrepresento（实验）.（根据中英文提示单词拼写）短语作定
6.We needmale subjectsbetween theages of18and25for thee语修饰修饰通常情况下使用不定式结构，即意为“做某事的机会”，结合句chance,chance achance to do sth意，此处表示的是主动意义故填to raise【题详解】45考查谓语动词句意上个月，红山森林动物园推出“象征认养”微信小程序筹集资金，在网上引发热议分析句子可知，此处应填谓语动词形式，根据时间状语可知，应使用一般过去时态，根据句意可Last month知，主语与提示词之间为主动关系，且主语是单数故填Hongshan ForestZoo launchlaunchedo【题详解】考查名词句意上个月，红山森林动物园推出“象征认养”微信小程序筹集资金，在网上引46发热议根据空前为形容词可知，此处应填名词，并且前面有不定冠词限制，所以填名词单数，的名heated adiscuss词是故填discussion discussion
五、完形填空（每小题分，共分）110阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并A BC D在答题纸上将该项涂黑Have youever seenan angelProbably mostof uswould sayno and so wouldI.However,the conversationI hadwithmy sisterAmy earlierthis weekchanged mythought.Amy would have to experience theChristmas withouther husbandfor thefirst timebecause hedied inher armsseveralmonths ago.Last Thursday,she wasin thestore47for an ideal card for her kids.Time passedby quicklyas shereadthe manychoices.She neededa cardthat sentsomething48to eachof them,as sheknew theywould havean emptyplace in their heart this holiday season.Finally!She found the onethat expressed the49feeling.The wordsexpressed thefeelings shewished toshare.However,a sharppain piercedher heartwhen sherealized that the cardwas frommom anddad”・She stood,holding itclosefor along time,unable tomove from the spot.50began torun overher cheeks.“Is theresomething I can dofor you^^a51voice asked.She turnedto facea stranger,a woman,who waslookingat herwith questionand52,Uh...oh.・.OH!”Amy responded,I cantgive thiscard tomychildren because...because myhusband diedand thisis thewrong card.”The strangersface softenedwith sympathyand love.She53-out andpulled my sister into her arms,giving herunspoken permissionto cryin theprotection of her embrace.She quietlyheld mysister untilher54returned.Thank youfbr listening to mecry on,“was whatmysistersaid when all was better.You arewelcome,and Iam sosorryfbr yourloss Jthe strangeranswered andsaid goodbyetoher.During hertelling ofthis eventI wasfeeling55that Ihadnt beenthere.My sisterneeded meand astranger hadto domyjob.You know,“she wenton,“a friendsuggested that it waslike meetingwith anAngel.^^My guilt56immediately.My sisterrequired anAngel,and I think thatis exactlywhat shegot.
47.A.paying B.caring C.looking D.calling
48.A.attractive B.special C.traditional D.brilliant
49.A.sad B.right C.amazing D.strange
50.A.Lights B.Sweats C.Tears D.Smiles
51.A.firm B.proud C.cold D.gentle
52.A.concern B.shock C.regret D.surprise
53.A.reached B.caught C.sent D.threw
54.A.confidence B.courage C.happiness D.calmness
55.A.shocked B.shy C.guilty D.hopeless
56.A.struck B.returned C.sank D.disappeared【答案】
47.C
48.B
49.B
50.C
51.D
52.A
53.A
54.D
55.C
56.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文本文主要讲述了作者的妹妹失去丈夫之后的痛苦被一个商店里遇到的陌生女Amy士所化解的故事【题详解】47考查动词词义辨析句意上周四，她在商店里为她的孩子们寻找一张理想的卡片支付；A.paying B.caring关心;寻找；打电话根据下文可知,她在商店里为她的孩子们寻C.looking D.calling“anidealcardforherkids”找一张理想的卡片故选C【题详解】48考查形容词词义辨析句意她需要一张卡片，给他们每个人都送去一些特别的东西，因为她知道在这个假期里,他们的心里都会有一个空的地方吸引人的；特别的；统的；A.attractive B.special C.traditional#D.brilliant聪颖的根据下文可知，她需要一“as sheknew theywouldhavean emptyplacein theirheartthisholidayseason”张卡片，给他们每个人都送去一些特别的东西，因为她知道在这个假期里，他们的心里都会有一个空的地方故选B【题详解】49考查形容词词义辨析句意她找到了一个能表达正确感觉的卡片伤心的；正确的；A.sad B.right C.amazing令人惊讶的；D.strange奇怪的根据下文“The wordsexpressedthefeelings shewished toshare,,和下文“because my可知，她觉得她找到了一个能表达正确感觉的卡片故选husband diedand thisis thewrong card”B【题详解】50考查名词词义辨析句意泪水开始从她的脸颊上流下来灯；汗水;眼泪;A.Lights B.Sweats C.TearsD.Smiles微笑根据下文uThank youfor listeningto mecry onv可知,Amy的泪水开始从她的脸颊上流下来故选C【题详解】51考查形容词词义辨析句意“我能为你做点什么吗？”一个温柔的声音问道坚定的；骄A.firm B.proud傲的；冷的；温柔的根据上文可知，那个女士的声音很温C.cold D.gentle“Is theresomething I can dofor you”柔故选D【题详解】52考查名词词义辨析句意她转过身来面对一个陌生人，一个女人，正带着疑问和关切地看着她A.关心；震惊；后悔;惊讶根据上文可concern B.shock C.regret D.surprise“Is theresomething Ican dofor you”知，那位女士很关心作者的妹妹故选A【题详解】53考查动词词义辨析句意她伸出手，把我妹妹抱在怀里，默默地允许她在自己的怀抱中哭泣A.伸，伸手；抓住；发送；扔根据下文可知，reached B.caught C.sent D.threw“pulled mysister intoher arms”她伸出手，把作者的妹妹抱在怀里故选A【题详解】54考查名词词义辨析句意她静静地抱着我妹妹，直到她恢复平静自信；勇气；A.confidence B.courage C.快乐；平静根据下文可知，她静静地抱着作者的妹妹，直到她恢复happiness D.calmness“whenallwasbetter”平静故选D【题详解】55考查形容词词义辨析句意在她讲述这件事的时候，我为自己没有在场而感到内疚震惊的;A.shocked B.shy害羞的;内疚的；绝望的根据第空前的可知，作者因为自己没在场而内疚C.guilty D.hopeless10“My guilt”故选C【题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意我的内疚感立刻消失了撞；回来；下沉；56A.struck B.returned CsankD.消失根据下文可知，作者的内disappeared“My sisterrequired anAngel,and1think thatis exactlywhat shegot”疚感立刻消失了故选D
六、阅读理解（每小题分，共分）222阅读所给文章，根据文章内容从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项A BC DRunningto theLibraryThere areliterally thousandsof booksabout running,each with their uniquestories and angles.Here arefour thatmightinterest you.9Advanced Marathoning-2nd EditionbyPete Pfitzinger,Scott Douglas$
38.13Shave minutesoff yourtime usingthe latestin science-based trainingfor seriousrunners.Advanced Marathoninghasall theinformation youneed totrain smarterand arriveon thestart lineready torun themarathon ofyour life.Including marathon-pace runsand temporuns,Advanced Marathoningprovides onlythe mosteffective methodsoftraining.Youll learnhow toimprove yourrunning workouts with strength,core,flexibility,and formtraining.9Determined to Win:The OvercomingSpirit ofJean DriscollbyJean Driscoll$
10.99Jean Driscollwas named25th of the top100women athletesin thecentury bySports Illustratedfor Women.Born脊柱裂，with spinabifida Jeanwas neversupposed towalk.But becauseofher intense determination,she not onlylearned towalk butto fly-in awheelchair across the finish line.按事件发生页序己载In her autobiography,Jean chroniclesM iher flight from physical paralysis to true spiritualfreedom.She showsus whatperseverance canachieve.•Boston MarathonPortraits:Pictures ofInspirationby RaymondBritt$
19.99Boston MarathonPortraits featuresdramatic imagesof anexceptional race:the Boston Marathon.On raceday,Boston comesalive withanticipation,excitement anddetermination.This bookpresents theseemotions and the actionofthe Boston Marathon,focusing onstriking scenesand photosof runnersbefore therace,at thestarting line,the finishlineand whenthe celebrationof finishingbegins.•Women RunnersbyIrene Reti,Bettianne ShoneySien$
11.18选集This anthologyof literaryfiction,poems,and essaysby womenrunners capturesthe essenceof running,andthe manyhopes anddreams ofwomen.
57.Which bookwould beyour bestchoice ifyou werelooking fortips onmarathon trainingA.Determined toWin:The OvercomingSpirit ofJean DriscollB.Boston MarathonPortraits:Pictures ofInspirationC.Advanced Marathoning——2nd EditionD.Women Runners
58.Which categorydoes Determined toWin:The OvercomingSpirit ofJean Driscollfall intoA.Science fiction.B.Biography.C.Self-help book.D.Historical fiction.
59.What isBoston MarathonPortraits:Pictures ofInspiration aboutA.Development ofmarathon.B.Effective trainingmethods.C.Essays writtenby runners.D.Amazing photosof runners.【答案】
57.C
58.B
59.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文文章介绍了四本关于跑步的书题详解】[57细节理解题根据Advanced Marathoning一2nd Edition中的u Includingmarathon-pace runsand temporuns,Advanced Marathoningprovides onlythe mosteffective methodsof training.Youll learnhow toimprove yourrunning.（包括马拉松配速跑和节拍跑，高级马拉松只提供最有workoutswithstrength,core,flexibility,and formtraining效的训练方法你将学习如何提高你的跑步训练与力量，核心，灵活性和形式训练）”可知，要寻找马拉松训练的技巧，应选择故选Advanced Marathoning-2nd EditionC【题详解】58细节理解题根据部分中Determined toWin:The OvercomingSpirit ofJean Driscoll“In herautobiography,Jean（按事件发生顺序记载）（在她的自传中，简chronicles herflightfromphysicalparalysistotruespiritual freedom.记录了她从身体瘫痪到真正精神自由的历程）”可知，DeterminedtoWin:The OvercomingSpirit ofJean Driscoll属于传记故选Bo【题详解】59细节理解题根据中的BostonMarathonPortraits:Pictures ofInspiration“This bookpresents theseemotions and theaction of the BostonMarathon,focusing onstriking scenesand photosof runnersbefore therace,atthestarting line,the』这本书呈现了这些情感和波士顿马拉松的行动，专注于finishline and whenthe celebrationof finishingbegins比赛前、起跑线、终点线和终点庆祝开始时的惊人场景和照片）”可知，BostonMarathonPortraits:Pictures of是关于跑步者的惊人照片的故选Inspiration DBAstechnology isdeveloping rapidly,we can actually buildVR headsetsthat meethigh requirements.The interestinVR rises,so doesthe interestin creatingnew mediato beexperienced inusing VR.Journalism isa medium built onrelevance.Journalists are always finding new means to tell stories and report news.It isa goldminefor storytelling.Whatbetter ways to tell a story to someone than to put them right in the center of itPeopleare alreadymaking useof VRin news.Creative directorSpike Jonzeand visualartist ChrisMilk putviewersat thescene of the MillionsMarch protestin NewYork inDecember,
2014.The University of SouthernCalifornia createdProjectSyria,“which allowsviewers toexperience thebombing of a crowdedneighborhood andvisit arefugee campinthe war-tom country.These arejust a few examplesofagrowing numberof projectsthat areout there.VR isa powerfultool forjournalists.The consumerisnt just reading orwatching somethingplay out;they9re（沉浸式的）experiencing it.The immersivenature of VR allows people toconnect withthe subjectmatter ona much（本能）deeper level than justreading about it.The experienceis emotional,speaking moreto ourinstinct thanour intellect（智力）.There area widerange ofpossibilities for storytelling here,and anystoryteller wantingto dosomething moreinterestingthan theirpeers shouldsurely beconsidering thesheer powerof VR.（可彳The questionofVR,though,is nothow powerfulit is.That isobvious.The questionofVR is one of viability亍性）and availability.Telling stories must beeasy todo,and access to thosestories must be readily available.This isthe biggest challenge that VR faces.If thetools totell astory withVR arenteasy topick upand learn,VR will fail.If VRtechnology isnt bothtop-of-the-lineandaffordable,VR willfail.“I think that currentVR technology is prettyexclusive rightnow,but itsvery promisingthat it will notbe aproblemin thelong runJ saidThomas Hallaq,assistant professorof journalismand masscommunications.“Were seeingmoretechnology becomeaccessible,and morepeople havingaccesstothat technology.Just lookat smartphones.If thetechnologyiswidely availableand companieslike Oculus,Samsung,HTC andValve can overcome theinherentdifficulties,VR willsucceed inbeing adesirable meansof storytelling.Like radio,TV andthe Internet before it,VR willchange theway wetell stories.
60.Why isVR considereda powerfultool forjournalismA.Because itisamediumbuilton relevance.B.Because itis verypopular and interesting.C.Because it allowspeople toexperiencethe newspersonally.D.Because itis anexclusively newtool intelling newsstories.
61.According to the passage,what is the biggestchallenge VR is facingA.Whether itis easilyaccessible topeople.B.How powerfulandinterestingit can be.C.Whether qualifiedVR headsetscan bebuilt.D.What newways peoplewill findto reportnews.
62.Whats the authors attitudetowards thefuture ofVR technologyA.Neutral.B.Positive.C.Negative.D.Concerned.
63.Which of the followingis thebest titlefor thepassageA.The Challengesof VirtualRealityB.The WidePopularity of Virtual RealityC.The Futureof Storytelling-Virtual RealityD.The DevelopmentofVirtualReality in the Future【答案】
60.C
61.A
62.B
63.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文主要介绍了虚拟现实技术在报道新闻故事方面的作用以及它的未来发展前景【60题详解】细节理解题根据第三段中“VRisa powerfultool fbrjournalists.The consumerisnt justreading orwatchingsomething playout;theyre experiencingit.The immersivenature ofVR allowspeopletoconnect withthe subjectmatteron amuch deeperlevelthanjustreadingaboutit.The experienceis emotional,speaking moreto ourinstinct thanourintellect.（于记者来说，虚拟现实是一个强大的工具消费者不只是阅读或观看某些内容;他们正在经历虚拟现实的沉浸性让人们能够在更深层的层面上与主题联系起来，而不仅仅是阅读这种体验是情绪化的，更多的是我们的本能，而不是我们的智力）可知，虚拟现实被认为是新闻的强大工具是因为它能让人们亲身体验新闻故选项C【题详解】61细节理解题根据第四段中“The questionofVRisone ofviabilityand availability.Telling storiesmustbeeasy todo,（虚拟现实是一个可and accessto thosestoriesmustbe readilyavailable.This is the biggestchallengethatVRfaces.”行性和可用性的问题讲故事必须容易做到，而且必须能够随时接触到这些故事这是面临的最大挑战）可知，根据文章，虚拟现实面临的最大挑战它是否容易为人们所接触到故选VR A项【题详解】62推理判断题根据最后一段“If thetechnologyiswidely availableand companieslike Oculus,Samsung,HTC andValvecanovercomethe inherentdifficulties,VR willsucceed inbeing adesirable meansof storytelling.Like radio,TVand the Internetbefore it,VR willchange theway wetell stories.n（如果这项技术被广泛应用，Oculus,三星（）、和等公司能够克服固有的困难，将成功成为讲故事的理想手段就像之前的广播、Samsung HTCValve VR电视和互联网一样，虚拟现实将改变我们讲故事的方式）故可推知，作者对技术的未来持积极乐观的态VR度故选项B【题详解】63主旨大意题根据第一段中u Journalistsarealwaysfindingnewmeanstotell storiesandreportnews.It isa goldmine（记者总是在寻forstorytelling.What betterwaystotellastorytosomeonethantoputthemrightin thecenterofit”找讲述故事和报道新闻的新方法这是一个讲故事的金矿还有什么比把他们放在故事的中心更好的方式来讲述一个故事呢？）以及最后一段中“Like radio,TV andthe Internetbeforeit,VR willchange theway wetellstories.v（就像之前的广播、电视和互联网一样，虚拟现实将改变我们讲故事的方式）可知，文章主要讲的是虚拟现实技术在报道新闻故事方面的作用以及它的未来发展前景故文章最好的标题是“讲故事的未来一一虚拟现实”故选项CCCan artificialintelligence uncovera liarIt soundslike science fiction,but such an AIsystem ispossible.Thequestion is:How accuratecan itbe RadaMihalcea,a professorof computerscience andengineering atthe Universityof（欺骗）Michigan,has workedon deceptiondetection forabout adecade.This ishow theyconstructed one AI deceptiondetector,and howit works.The firstthing thatresearchers workingon artificialintelligence andmachine learningneed is data.In thecase of thework thatMihalcea did,they beganwith videosfrom actualcourt cases.For example,a defendantspeaking in a trial in（欺骗）；（证词）which they were foundguilty couldprovide anexample ofdeceit they also used testimony from witnessesas either example of truthful or deceitful statements.Altogether,they used121video clipsandthecorrespondingtranscripts ofwhat theysaid-about halfrepresented deceptivestatements,and halftruthful.It wasthis datathat theyusedto buildmachine learningclassifiers thatultimately hadbetween a60to75percent accuracyrate.One thingthe systemnoticed isthe useof pronouns-people whoare lyingwould tendto lessoften usethe wordT orweMihalcea explains,instead,people whoare lyingwould moreoften useyou/yours/he,they,and she.Thafs nottheonly linguisticsignal:someone tellinga liewould usestronger wordsthat reflectcertainty,“she says.Examples ofthosetypes ofwords are“absolutely,and“very,“while interestingly,people tellingthe truthwere morelikely to usewords suchas“maybe or“probably.”I thinkpeople whoare deceptivewould tryto makeup forthe liethey areputtingforward,^she says,“and sothey tryto seemmore certainof themselves.As fbrgestures,she pointsout thatsomeonebeing deceitfulwould morelikely lookdirectly into the eyesof theperson questioningthem.They alsotendedtouse bothhandswhen gesturing.Instead ofjust one-also,she suspects,as part of tryingto beconvincing.However,Mihalcea^work is far from perfection/9she concedes.6tAs a researcher,we arecontent that we were ableto get to75percent accuracy.But lookedat anotherway,thats anerror rateof onein four.Ultimately,she seestechnologylike this as being assistive for people-it could,for example,indicate that it noticedsomething“unusual“in aspeakersstatement,and thenperhaps havea person investigate more.^^
64.Why didthe researchersgather testimonyfrom thecourtA.To testthe accuracyof AIdeception detector.B.To providedata basefor machinelearning.C.To helpthe judgesfind theguilty people.D.To understand how deceptionworks.
65.According toProfessor Mihalcea,which isa symbolof deceptionA.Avoiding directeye contact.B.Using first-person pronouns.C Gesturingwith only one hand.D.Trying to be sureof themselves.
66.What doesProfessor Mihalceathink ofthe newtechnologyA.Flawed butpromising.B.Unsatisfying buthelpful.C.Accurate andmeaningful.D.Imperfect andimpractical.
67.Which willbe thebest titlefor thispassageA.Will AIRid theWorld ofLiarsB.What Can AI Dofor Us in CourtC.Where IsAI LeadingUsin the FutureD.Can AIBecome aConvincing Detective【答案】
64.B
65.D
66.B
67.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文主要介绍了人工智能在揭穿欺骗方面做出的贡献，但同时它的准确率也是值得人们深入研究的【题详解】64细节理解题根据第二段中“The firstthing thatresearchers workingon artificialintelligence andmachine learningneedisdata/（研究人工智能和机器学习的研究人员首先需要的是数据）以及uFor example,a defendantspeakingin atrialinwhich theywere foundguilty couldprovide anexample ofdeceit;theyalsousedtestimonyfromwitnessesas（例如，被告在被判有罪的审判中发言可以提供欺骗的例子；他eitherexampleoftruthfulordeceitfulstatements.们还使用证人的证词作为真实或欺骗性陈述的例子）可知，研究人员要从法庭上收集证词是为机器学习提供数据基础故选项B【题详解】65细节理解题根据第三段中“Ithinkpeople whoare deceptivewould tryto makeup forthe liethey areputting forward（她说“我认为那些有欺骗性的人会试图弥补他J shesays,“andsothey tryto seemmore certainof themselves.们所提出的谎言，所以他们试图让自己看起来更自信”）可知，根据米哈尔恰教授的说法，试图肯定自己是欺骗的象征项均与原文实意不符故选项ABC D【题详解】66推理判断题根据最后一段“However,Mihalceas workisfarfromperfection,she concedes.“As a researcher,we arecontentthat wewereable to getto75percent accuracy.But lookedat anotherway,thats anerror rateof onein four.Ultimately,she seestechnology likethis asbeing assistivefor people——it could,for example,indicate thatit noticed（然而，米哈尔恰承something“unusual“in aspeakers statement,and thenperhaps havea personinvestigate more.认，她的作品“远非完美”“作为一名研究人员，我们对能够达到的准确率感到满意”但从另一个75%角度来看，错误率是四分之一最终，她认为这样的技术对人们是有帮助的一一例如，它可以表明它在发言者的声明中注意到一些“不寻常”的东西，然后可能会让一个人“进一步调查”）故可推知，米哈尔恰教授对于这项新技术认为虽然不令人满意，但很有帮助故选项B【题详解】主旨大意题根据文章大意以及第一段中67“Can artificialintelligence uncovera liarIt soundslike（人工智能能揭穿骗子sciencefiction,but suchanAIsystem ispossible.The questionis:How accuratecan itbe”吗？这听起来像科幻小说，但这样的人工智能系统是可能的问题是它能有多精确？）以及最后一段中uUltimately,she seestechnology likethisasbeingassistiveforpeople-it could,for example,indicate thatit noticed（最终，她认为这something“unusual”inaspeakers statement,and thenperhaps havea personinvestigate more.”样的技术对人们是有帮助的一一例如，它可以表明它在发言者的声明中注意到一些“不寻常”的东西，然后可能会让一个人“进一步调查”）可知，文章主要介绍了人工智能在揭穿欺骗方面做出的贡献，但同时它的准确率也是值得人们考虑的故文章最好的标题是“人工智能能成为令人信服的侦探吗？故选项D
七、信息还原根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项（每小题分，共分）210All livingthings needclean,fresh waterto survive.Ninety-seven percentofthe water onEarth isin theocean.The saltin theocean watermakes itunusable for drinking.Another twopercent isfrozen inthe icecaps andglaciers ontheEarth.This leavesone percentofthe water onEarth available for us touse.68Where you live,the amount of rainthatfalls,and howwater iscollected andreserved allaffect the amount ofcool,clear water available.One factorthatwecant changeis whereit willrain.The amountof rainan areareceives affectsthe amountof【答案】experiment##xperiment【解析】【详解】考查名词句意我们需要到岁的男性受试者来做实验根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为单1825数名词实验”，满足句意要求故填experiment experiment（挑选）.（根据中英文提示单词拼写）
7.There are many optionalcourses.You canstheone youlike most【答案】select##elect【解析】【详解】考查动词句意有很多选修课你可以选择你最喜欢的根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词select“挑选，满足句意要求,结合空前情态动词可知,为动词原形故填can select（商品，货物）（根据中英文提示单词
8.Shopping on theInternethas itsdisadvantages asthe realg cannotbe seen.拼写）【答案】goods##oods【解析】【详解】考查名词句意在网上购物有其缺点，因为看不到真正的商品根据单词首字母以及汉语提示句意“商品”，可知此处需要名词在句子中做宾语故填goods goods
9.He likespower verymuch anddoesn9t likeanyone tochallenge hisa（权威）.（根据中英文提示单词拼写）【答案】authority##uthority【解析】【详解】考查名词句意他非常喜欢权力，不喜欢任何人挑战他的权威根据首字母和汉语提示可知，名词符合题意，抽象概念，不可数故填authority authority（方便的）.（根据中英文提示单词拼写）
10.Even ifyou cantcook,youH findthese mealsquick andc toprepare【答案】convenient##onvenient【解析】【详解】考查形容词句意即使你不会做饭，你也会发现这些饭菜准备起来既快捷又方便根据中文提示和首字母可知，表示“方便的”应用形容词在本句中作宾补故填convenient,convenient
二、方框选词（每小题分，共分）116可能会有派生变化（即词性的变化）Group1选词填空water available for use.Some majorcities arelocated inareas wherethey canget waterfrom theground.Other areasusesurface waterfrom lakes,rivers,or streams.69According to a studydone by the stateof California,the averageperson usesover onehundred gallonsof waterperday.Water isused fordrinking,taking ashower orbath,brushing teeth,washing hands,cleaning dishes,doing laundry,and flushingtoilets.Using waterwisely isimportant.（水70Today,we havemany helpfultools to help us save water.There arelow-flow showerheads andfaucets龙头），dishwashers andwashing machinesthat useup to50%less water,and toiletsthat useonlyone-third ofthe waterthat they didafewyears ago.Installing theseitems inyour homeisthefirst lineof defenseagainst wastingwater.There aremany otherways you can help.Dont leavethewaterrunning whenyou brushyour teeth.Take ashowerrather thana bath.71If youfind one,let yourparents know.A goodway tohave coolwateravailableall thetime istokeep apitcher inthe fridge.This wayyou wonhave towait forthewater inthepipes tobring youcolder waterto drink.Only runyour clotheswasher anddishwasher whenthey arefull.This cansave hundredsof gallonsof watera year.72Learning touse it wisely will ensure thatitwill always be available.So,make afuss andconserve water.It9sworth it!A.Its also important to fix leaky faucets.B.Water isan importantnatural resource.C.All of these will help to conserve water.D.There aremany factors that affect the amountof wateravailableforyou.E.No matter where youlive,there aremany ways you can help conservewater.F.Those places with no water readilyavailable must pipe waterin from far away.G.No matterwhere welive,we mustbe carefulwiththewater we have inour part oftheworld.【答案】
68.D
69.F
70.E
71.A
72.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文主要介绍了影响我们用水量的因素，以及几种节约用水的方法和建议【题详解】68根据下文“Where youlive,theamountof rainthat falls,andhowwater iscollected andreserved allaffect theamount ofcool,clear wateravailable.v（你住在哪里，降雨量，以及水是如何收集和储存的，这些都影响着可用的凉爽、清澈的水的量）可知，讲的是可用水量结合选项项D Therearemanyfactorsthataffecttheamountofwater（有很多因素会影响你的用水量）也是讲的可用水量的因素，和下文内容相关，下文是空格availableforyou.处内容的解释和说明上下文语意连贯故选项D【题详解】69根据上文“Some majorcities arelocated inareas wherethey canget waterfromtheground.Other areasuse surfacewaterfrom lakes,rivers,orstreams.v（一些大城市所处的地区可以从地下取水其他地区使用来自湖泊、河流或溪流的地表水）可知，讲的是获取水的渠道结合选项项F Thoseplaceswithnowaterreadilyavailablemustpipe（那些没有现成水源的地方必须从远处用管道输水）可知，讲的是没有现成水源来获取waterinfromfaraway.水的方法上下文内容相关，都是讲的获取水的来源和方法下文是上文内容的递进，上下文语意连贯故选项F【题详解】70由该空格处位于该段句首可知为总结该段内容或与下文内容相关该段下文Today,we havemany helpfultools（今天，我们有许多有用的工具来帮助我们节约用水）可知，讲的是关于怎样节约用水to helpussavewater.的结合选项项.（无论你住在哪里，E Nomatterwhereyoulive,there aremany waysyoucan help conservewater都有很多方法可以帮助你节约用水）意思一致,为总结该段内容故选项E【题详解】71根据该段句首uThere aremany otherwaysyoucanhelp.v（你还可以通过很多其他方式提供帮助）提到其它方式节约水，并且下文提到两个例子结合选项项（修理漏水的水龙头也A Ifsalsoimportanttofixleakyfaucets.很重要）也是一种节约用水的方法再结合空格处下文（如果你发现了漏“Ifyou findone,let yourparents know.水的水龙头，让你的父母知道）可知，这里的指的是选项中提到的水龙头故选项为上下文的承oneAA上启下，上下文语意连贯故选项A【题详解】72根据上文提到的一些节约用水的方法以及下文uLearningto useitwiselywillensurethatitwillalwaysbeavailable.”（学会明智地使用它将确保它永远可用）结合选项项C Allofthesewillhelptoconservewater.（所有这些都将有助于节约用水）为对上文内容的总结，下文是对空格处内容的补充说明故选项C
八、阅读与表达（、题分，题分，题分）73742753765阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答后面的问题（榨菜）A spoonfulof picklescan sometimesmake ameal tasteway better.Recently,a newtype ofpickle isbeingdiscussed:digital pickledvegetables^.It refers to the videos people watch while eating.Many peoplethinkthatthevideos can make their food moreappetizing.The topicreceived more than16million clickson SinaWeibo andabout100,000people participatedin thediscussion.Instead ofhaving mealswith friendsand familymembers,many youngpeople inChina arekept companybyTV showsor shortvideos.Many believethat theirfood istastier withthe digitalpickles”.Can thishabit affectyour dietAccording toaresearchpaper publishedin2019,you may eat more unconsciously.The internationalresearch teamasked62volunteers tofollow differenteating patternson fourdifferent days.Thepatterns includedeating whilelooking atthe mobilephone,reading magazinesand withoutdistraction.After analyzing（卡路里摄入）their diets,the teamdiscovered thateating witha distractionincreased caloricingestion byabout15percent.（音To explorethe reason,the teamalso invitedtwo groupsof people:one groupate whilelisteningtoan audioclip频剪辑）about anotherperson eatingandtheother listenedtoaclip that helped themimagine themselveseating.Theresults showedthatthesecond groupate lesssince theywere morefocused on their meals.When weeat withthe digitalpickles”,our attentioncanbedistracted,which leadsto eatingmorethanexpected.This worksnotonlyfor eatingmeals butother demanding tasks aswell.A researchproject ledby theUniversity ofSussex,UK,pointed outthat activitieswhich requirelots of attention trick many participants into overeating.The teaminvited120participants todo varioustasks whileproviding themwith drinksand snacks.Our studysuggests thatifyoure eatingordrinkingwhile yourattention isdistracted bya highlyengaging task,youre lesslikely to be able to tellhowfull youfbel JoneoftheauthorsMartin Yeomansexplained.
73.What isdigital pickledvegetables
74.How willeating whilewatching videosaffect peoplesdiet
75.Please decidewhich partis falseinthefollowing statement,then underlineit andexplain why.^People overeatwhen doing demanding tasks because they need theirfood to distract and comfort them.
76.Online videoscanmakeus overeat,which istheir disadvantage.Can youthink oftwo benefitsthey canbring（）to youIn about40words【答案］
73.It refersto thevideos peoplewatch while eating.
74.People mayeat moreunconsciously.
75.People overeatwhen doingdemanding tasksbecause theyneed theirfood todistract andcomfort them.Peopleovereat when doingdemanding tasksbecausethey focustheir attentionon thedemanding tasks.Because activitieswhichrequire lots ofattention trickmany participantsinto overeating.
76.First ofall,it allowsus torelax fora whileafter adays work,in addition,Icanallow usto getsocial news,knowledge andentertainment information quickly.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章介绍的是当前的一种社会现象，很多人在吃饭的时候看自己喜欢的视频，被称之为“电子榨菜”，分析了“电子榨菜”能下饭的原因以及影响【题详解】73考查细节理解根据第一段中的Recently,a newtype ofpickle isbeing discussed:digital pickledvegetables^.It（最近，一种新型的泡菜正在讨论中“电子榨菜”它指的是人refersto thevideospeoplewatchwhileeating.们在吃饭时观看的视频）”可知，“电子榨菜”指的是边吃饭边看的视频故答案是It refersto thevideos peoplewatchwhileeating.【题详解】74考查细节理解根据第三段中的“Can thishabit affectyour dietAccording toaresearchpaper publishedin2019,you.（这个习惯会影响你的饮食吗？根据年发表的一篇研究论文，你可能会在不mayeat moreunconsciously2019知不觉中吃得更多）”可知，根据研究发现，边吃饭边看视频会让我们吃饭的注意力分散，最终会导致我们吃得过多故答案是People mayeatmoreunconsciously.【题详解】75考查推理判断根据最后一段中的“A researchproject ledbytheUniversityofSussex,UK,pointed outthat activities（由英国萨塞克斯大学领导的——项研究项目which requirelots ofattention trickmanyparticipantsintoovereating.指出，需要大量注意力的活动会诱使许多参与者暴饮暴食）”可知，当我们的注意力没有集中在吃饭上，而是集中在需要更多注意力的活动中时、我们就会吃的过多，由此可知，句子中的“theyneed theirfood todistract and是错误的，应改为.（他们将注意力集中在要求comfort them.”“they focustheir attentiononthedemanding tasks苛刻的任务上）”，因为他们把注意力集中在要求很高的任务中故答案是People overeatwhen doingdemandingtasks becausetheyneedtheirfoodtodistractandcomfortthem.People overeatwhendoingdemandingtasksbecausethey focustheir attentiononthedemandingtasks.Because activitieswhich requirelotsofattentiontrickmanyparticipants intoovereating.o【题详解】76开放性题目言之有理即可，注意字数限制网络视频有一些弊端，但我们不能否认其带来的好处，网络视频可以给人们一天的劳累带来片刻的放松，也可以让我们在短时间内获取各方面的信息故答案可以为First ofall,itallowsustorelax fora whileafter adays work,in addition,it canallow usto getsocial news,knowledge andentertainmentinformationquickly.
九、书面表达（共分）15假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，春节将至，你校英国交换生接受了来你家共度除夕的邀请，请你就
77.Jim他关心的问题写一封邮件内容包括.很高兴他接受了邀请；
1.介绍你家除夕的安排；
2.期待他的到来3注意.词数不少于150;.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数2Dear Jim,Yours Sincerely,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim,Im gladto hearthat youwill spendSpring FestivalEve withmy faimly!Now Imgoing totell youourarrangements.To celebratethe specialoccasion,we havemany activitiesplanned.In themorining,my father,a calligraphylover,will writesome copiesoftheChinese character“Fu”,meaning goodluck.You mayjoin mein givingthem to ourneighbours,anacto spreadinghappiness andjoy.Preparations forthebigevening feastusually startintheafternoon.Mymom willcook varieties of deliciousfood,including yourfavorite Jiaozi.We canhelp her.In theevening,watching theSpring Festival Gala is partofthe celebration.Join usand letshave funtogether!I sincerelylook forwardto yourarrival.Yours Sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文要求考生告诉外国交换生非常高兴他能来家里过春节，并告知他家Jim里春节的安排【详解】.词汇积累1高兴的:glad—delighted庆祝celebrate—observe各种各样的varietiesof-all kindsof帮助某人一help sb.give sb.a hand.句式拓展2简单句变复合句原句In theevening,watching theSpring FestivalGala ispartofthe celebration.拓展句In theevening,watching theSpring FestivalGalaispartofthecelebration,which mayleave andeep impressiononyou.【点睛】【高分句型】（运用了引1Im gladto hearthat youwill spendSpringFestivalEve withmy faimly!that导的宾语从句）[高分句型（运用了动词不定式作目的状语）2]To celebratethe specialoccasion,wehavemany activitiesplanned.access approvalamaze describelocate imaginereward vary
11.She wasthathe could be so calm at sucha time.
11.1was attractedtothehouse bothby itssize andits.
13.Prices according tothe type of room you require.
14.You needa passwordto gettothecomputer system.
15.Smiling isapparently auniversal signof friendlinessand.
16.The scenerythere isso fascinatingthatitis totallybeyond.
17.The yearshe spentinthecountryside provedtobeanexperience.
18.Father Christmasis justanfigure andthere isno suchpersoninreality.【答案】11amazed
12.location
13.vary
14.access
15.approval
16.description
17.rewarding
18.imaginary【解析】【题详解】11考查形容词句意:她很惊讶他在这种时候还能这么镇定根据后文hecouldbesocalmatsucha以及句意“惊讶”可知应填形容词作表语故填time.”amazed,amazed【题详解】12考查名词句意我被房子的大小和位置所吸引根据上文以及句意“位置”可知应填名词“by itssize andits”作宾语故填location,location【题详解】13考查动词句意价格根据您需要的房间类型而有所不同°根据后文accordingtothetypeofroomyourequire”以及句意“不同”可知应填动词结合可知为一般现在时，主语为谓语用原形故填vary,require prices,vary【题详解】14考查名词句意你需要密码才能进入计算机系统根据句意“进入”可知，短语为故填get accesstoaccesso【题详解】15考查名词句意微笑显然是友好和认可的普遍标志作宾语，结合句意表示“认可”可知应填名词故填approval approvaloo【题详解】16考查名词句意那里的风景太迷人了，简直无法形容结合句意表示“无法形容”可知短语为beyond description故填o descriptiono【题详解】17考查形容词句意他在农村度过的那些年证明是一段有益的经历作定语，结合句意表示“有益的”可知应填形容词故填rewardingo rewardingo【题详解】18考查形容词句意圣诞老人只是一个虚构的人物，现实中并没有这样的人作定语，结合句意表示“虚构的”可知应填形容词故填imaginary imaginary可能会有语法变化（即名词变复数、动词的时态语态和非谓等变化）Group2选词填空admit affairconfirm consisthappen humiliatemaintain surround
19.He saidhe didntwant toherinfront ofher colleagues.
20.My aunttobeout whenI paidheravisit last weekend.
21.Few peoplenowadays areabletofriendships intoadulthood.
22.China isplaying anincreasingly importantrole ininternational.
23.So far,no onebreaking thewindow,which annoyshim verymuch.
24.Usually,an articleof3parts,an introduction,a bodyandaconclusion.
25.When Iwas small,I bylove andkindness andI feltreally happy.
26.If youhave bookeda roomin advance,please callme toyour reservation.【答案】
19.humiliate
20.happened
21.maintain
22.affairs
23.has admitted
24.consists
25.was surrounded
26.confirm【解析】【题详解】19考查动词句意:他说他不想在她的同事面前羞辱她根据句意可知动词“羞辱”符合题意，humiliate wantto后接动词原形故填humiliateo【题详解】20考查动词句意:上周末我去拜访姑姑时，她碰巧不在家根据句意短语,碰巧做某事”符合happen todo sth题意，空处为主句谓语动词，根据时间状语可知，陈述过去的事情用一般过去时lastweekend故填happened o【题详解】21考查动词句意现在很少有人能把友谊维持到成年根据句意动词“维持”符合题意，后maintain beableto接动词原形故填maintaino【题详解】22考查名词句意中国在国际事务中起着越来越重要的作用根据句意可知名词事务”符合题affair意，作宾语，表达此意时该词常用复数形式故填affairs【题详解】23考查动词句意到目前为止，没人承认打破窗户，这让他很生气根据句意可知动词“承认”符合题admit意，,“承认做了某事”是固定搭配；空处为主句谓语动词，结合时间状语判断为现在完admit doingsth sofar成时，作主语看作第三人称单数，故填no onehas admitted【题详解】24考查动词句意通常，一篇论文由引言、正文和结论三部分组成根据句意可知动词”由……组成”consist符合题意，广由……组成”是固定搭配，空处为句子谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语consist是第三人称单数，谓语动词也用第三人称单数形式故填consists【题详解】25考查时态句意小时候，我总是被爱和善良围绕着，那时我真的很开心结合句意动词包surround围”符合题意，空处为句子谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，且主语和之间为被动关系，故用一般过去1surround时的被动语态故填was surrounded【题详解】26考查动词句意如果你提前预定了房间，请打电话向我确认根据句意可知动词“确认”符合题意，confirm此处用其原形和构成不定式，作目的状语故填t confirm
三、根据中文提示完成句子（每小题分，共分）210孩子们喜欢在春节燃放鞭炮
27.Children likefirecrackersin lunarNew Year.【答案】setting off【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和动名词对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“燃放”，是固定短语setoff,like doing是固定短语，意为“喜欢做某事”，因此空格处动词用动名词，故填昧setting刚才那位老妇人的行为举止吸引了我的目光（请用到一词）
28.eyeThe elderlywomans behaviorjust now.【答案】caught myeyes【解析】【详解】考查固定短语结合句意可知短语为结合可知为一般过去时故填catch oneseye,just nowcaught myeyeso这部电影是基于一个发生在二战期间的真实故事
29.The filmatrue storyhappening duringthe SecondWorld War.【答案】is based on【解析】【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“基于”，是固定短语be based句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是单数，因此空格处是故填on,film is basedonisbasedono我很难想象我祖父母年轻时经历的艰难时光
30.Icanhardly imaginethe hardtimes mygrandparents whentheywereyoung.【答案】went through【解析】【详解】考查动词短语根据中文提示可知，表示“经历”应用动词短语在这里作从句谓语，再gothrough,根据句意可知，这里应用一般过去时故填went through当你看到某人受苦时，不要只是袖手旁观请主动帮助他
31.When yousee someonesuffer,dont just.Please offerto helphim.【答案】standby【解析】【详解】考查动词和短语根据中英文提示，缺少“袖手旁观”为空前为助动词设空处应用动stand by,dont词原形的形式故填stand by
四、语法填空（每小题分，共分）115阅读下列句子和短文，根据其内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空
32.After graduation,I decidedto makea differencetooursociety,so Ibecame avolunteer teacherand（）（所给词的适当形式填空）send toa remotevillage.【答案】was sent【解析】【详解】考查谓语动词句意毕业后，我决定改变我们的社会，所以我成为了一名志愿者教师，并被派往一个偏远的村庄分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词形式与并列，主语为单数，根据可知，此became Ibecame处使用一般过去时态，结合句意，主语与之间为被动关系故填send wassent（）（所给词的适当形式填空）
33.Tom wasnot surehow hisparents reactto hisdecision.【答案】would react【解析】【详解】考查时态句意汤姆不确定他的父母会对他的决定做出怎样的反应可能给出为宾语从句的谓语动词，主句为一般过去时，且从句陈述的动作还未发生，故用过去将来时故填would react（）（所给词的适当形式填空）
34.This universitymakes everyeffort helpstudents adjustto newschool life.【答案】to help【解析】【详解】考查不定式句意这所大学尽一切努力帮助学生适应新的学校生活是固make everyeffort todo定短语，意为“尽一切努力去做某事”，因此空格处是不定式故填to helptohelp（用适当的词填空）
35.The manstepped intoa cardoor washalf-open.【答案】whose【解析】【详解】考查定语从句句意那人走进一辆车门半开的汽车分析可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是从句缺少定语，应用关系代词引导故填car,whose whose（）（所给词的适当形式填空）
36.No onevisiting inthe galleryis allowedtouch theexhibits.【答案】to touch【解析】【详解】考查固定短语句意参观画廊的人不得触摸展品为固定短语，意为“被允许be allowedtodosth做某事”，故填to touchA语法填空塑料微粒A study37lead byStanford Universityexplores theinfluence microplasticshave onwhales.Microplastics arepieces ofplastic lessthan fivemillimeters inlength andare nowfrequently found38the whaleslive.The teamfoundthewhales mainlyfind foodfrom50to250meters belowthe surface.At suchdepth,the highestconcentrations ofmicroplastic inthe openocean takeplace.Researchers estimatethat upto10millionpieces39consume byeach whaleper day.【答案】
37.led
38.where
39.are consumed【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章讲述科学家发现塑料微粒存在鲸鱼生活的地方【题详解】37考查非谓语句意斯坦福大学领导的研究探索了微塑料对鲸鱼的影响分析句子可知，这里考查非谓语，A和为被动关系，用过去分词作定语故填study leadled题详解】38考查地点状语从句句意微塑料是长度小于毫米的塑料片，现在经常在鲸鱼生活的地方发现分析句子可5知，这里考查状语从句，且从句中缺地点状语，故应填构成地点状语从句故填where where【题详解】39考查时态语态句意研究人员估计，每头鲸鱼每天消耗多达万片分析句子可知，这里考查谓语，10001和为被动关系，且这里时态应用一般现在时故填million piecesconsume areconsumedoB语法填空Fm PatrickMcCarthy.This isthe spacewhere Icanhelpyou40your dailylife problems.I remember41feel bothexcited andterrified aboutlife whenI tuned
18.Thats a42perfect normalfeeling tohave.Also,believe itor not,I guaranteeall ofyour peersat yourage alsofeel thissense ofanxiety.Now isa goodtime tolearn andtrynew things.Sometimes youwillfailand havepainful experiences,43istheprocess oflearning andlife itself.【答案】
40.with
41.feeling
42.perfectly
43.which【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文文章通过作者的经历告诉青少年岁生活的真正感受，以及生活的意义18【题详解】40考查介词句意在这里，我可以帮助你解决日常生活中的问题结合句意表达“帮助某人某事”用help sb.with故填sth.witho【题详解】41考查非谓语动词句意我记得我在岁时对生活既兴奋又恐惧结合句意表达“记得做了某事”用18remember且逻辑主语和之间是主动关系，因此用动名词作宾语故填doing,I feelfeeling【题详解】42考查副词句意这是很正常的感觉修饰形容词应用副词表示“非常”故填normal perfectly,perfectlyo【题详解】43考查定语从句句意有时候你会失败，会有痛苦的经历，这就是学习的过程，也是生活本身空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是主句所陈述的内容，从句缺少主语，故用关系代词引导故填which whichoC语法填空The zoois somewherewe alllove togo duringthe weekendsand holidays.Now there9sachance44raise anadorable animalatthezoo aswell.Last month,Hongshan ForestZoo45launch asymbolic认养“adoption WeChatminiprogram to raise funds,causing aheated46discuss online.Through theminiprogram,animal loversgetto“raise“animals byfinancing theirdaily necessities,like foodand healthmonitoring.【答案】
44.toraise
45.launched
46.discussion【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文介绍的是红山森林动物园推出的一项“象征认养”微信小程序筹集资金的活动，引起人们的热议【题详解】44考查非谓语动词句意现在也有机会在动物园养一只可爱的动物分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词。
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