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洛阳市孟津区2022-2023学年高三下学期第一次月考英语试题第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项AAnewstudyfocusesonK2-I8b,anexoplanet（系外行星）discoveredin2018,whichorbitsareddwarfstarclose enoughto receiveaboutthe sameamount ofradiation fromits starasEarth docsfrom oursun.Recently,scientists havediscovered gasgiants thathave waterin theiratmospheres,bin（his istheleastgiantplanetevertohavewaterdetectedinitsatmosphere.Thewaterdetectionwasquiteclear（ousrelativelyearlyon,leadauthorBjorn Benneke,aprofessorattheInstituteforResearchonExoplanetsattheUniversitedeMontreal,toldSpace,com in an interview.Studies havesuggested thatplanets withhydrogen-rich atmospherescould hostcertain formsof life.Bcnnekc said.However,K2-18bs largeatmosphereisextremely thickandcreates high-pressure conditions,which likelyprevents lifeas weknow itfrom existingon the planets surface.a newsrelease reads.Whilethese researchersfound evidencefor liquidwater cloudson K2-18b,because ofits lackof surface,rainwouldnt poolon the planet.Without areal surface,so tospeak,landing onthe planetwould alsobe nearlyimpossibleto landon.especiallybecausethegas issothickandhas suchanincredibly highpressurethatanyEarth-created spacecraftsent（here wouldbedestroyed.Benneke suggeststhat,possibly,this planetformed byrock absorbinglarge amountsof gas,like avacuumcleaner,he said.The gasabsorbed would have morethan doubledtheplanetand increaseditsvolumeeighlfold.To cometo theseconclusions,the researchteam analyzeddata fromHubble SpaceTelescopeobservationsthattheymadebetween2019and2020ofrheK2-I8bplanetpassinginfrontofitsstareighttimes.Thistype ofresearch,Benneke said,is leadingtoward afinal goalof beingable tostudyreal,true earth-likeplanets.Weare notquitethere yet,he said*but thisisreally exciting.
1.Whyisit impossibletoland ontheK2-18bA.It hasthin gas.B.It doesnthave areal surface.C.It hastoo muchwater.D.It istoo farfrom theearth.
2.How doesK2-18b expandaccording toBennekeA.By releasinggas itself.B.By receivingradiation fromthesun.C.Bytaking inmuchgas byrocks.D.By gettingaway fromthered dwarfstar.
3.What canwe inferfrom thelastparagraphA.Scientistsare makingprogressin studyingreal earth-likeplanets.B.It isimpossibleforhumans toland onotherearth-likeplanets.C.Scientists havesucceededin exploringK2-18b completely.D.The K2-18b planethas passedbefore itsstareighttimes between2019and
2020.BThe firstmodel ofApples iPhonewas launchedin June2X
7.Since then,many differentsmartphoneshavebeen introduced.Thedevicesnowinfluenceourdailylivesinmanyways.Onethingthathaschangedisthatmanypeoplenowusetheirphonestoeasilytakepictureswithoutheneedforacamera.Notsurprisingly,thischange hascaused majorbusinessproblems forcamera manufacturers.Ofcourse,thecamerabuiltintothefirstiPhone15yearsagodidnotincludeahigh-qualitycameraabletocompete withseparate cameramodels.But overthe years,smartphone makershave investedheavily inresearchand developmentto changethat.Today,many smartphoneshave high-quality camerasdesigned toproducebetter pictures.And mostphone devicesalso offerpowerful toolsto improvethe qualityof thepictureswe take.Japans CameraTmaging ProductsAssociation CIPA said thedigital camera market continuallyexpandedstarling in
1999.It experiencedits firstdecrease in2009—and continuedto fall thereafter.Thebiggest changeappeared from2010to2020,when worldwidecamera shipmentsfell about93percent.CIPAreported.Thedecreasesweremainlycausedbydropsinshipmentsofdigitalcamerasthathavebuilt-inlenses.more,its agoodidea toclassify ourrubbishand recycleit inourdaily life.Thats all.Thank you.However,cameramakershavehadmoresuccesssellingdigitalcameraswithinterchangeablelenses.Thisis because these cameras are generally targeted atprofessional photographerswho demandhigher quality.Such camerascan producehigh imagequality thatdistinguishes themfrom smartphones,CIPAsaid.Butthisdoesnotmeanthatprofessionalphotographersneverusesmartphonestocapturepictures.BrynnAnderson is based with the APin Atlanta.Georgia.She said:Sometimes beinga photographerwith alargercamera canbe inlimidalingto theperson beingphotographed.Using aphone makesit easier for meto getcomfortablemoments thatmight nothappen otherwise.Rodrigo Abd,an APphotographer inBuenos Aires,Argentina saysusing theiPhonemakes iteasierforhim toalways beattentive toeveryday eventswhen notcoveringanewsstory.OdedBalikyisbasedinTelAviv,Israel.Ilisdefinitelyanalternativetool,hesaidoftheiPhone.But headded:Its thephotographernot thedevice,hat determineshequality ofa photo.
4.What ishepotential causeofthe firstdecrease ofdigitalcameras in2009A.Less moneywas investedtoimprovedigital cameras.B.Cameras hadbeen builtintosmartphones andimproved.C.Fewer digitalcameras withbuilt-inlenses wereproducedD.The digitalcameramarketstoppedpromoting newproducts.
5.Why dodigitalcameras with interchangeablelenses enjoygood sales.A.They aremoreaffordable.B.They havesuperb shootingquality.C.They offerthepower tobeautify photos.D.They arespecially designedtorprofessionals.
6.What doestheunderlined wordintimidatingin thelastparagraph probablymeanA.Amusing.B.Demanding.C.Rewarding.D.Scaring.
7.What doesOded BaliltymeanA.The levelofthephotographer dependsonthe iPhone.
8.The iPhonecompletelyreplaces hisprofessional tool.
9.Theprofessional skillsofthephotographeris crucial.
10.TheiPhoneenables himtoworkat anytimeand place.CThesunissetting,brighteningyourkidsfacesastheyplayinthewaves.Youreachforyourphoneforthisperfect moment.But beforeyou do,heres abit ofsurprising science:Taking photos is not the perfect way tokeep memory as you think.Takingtoomanypicturescouldactuallyharm（hebrainsabilitytokeepmemories,saysElizabethLoftus,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia.Irvine.Sowegetthephotobutkindoflosethememory.Photography outsourcesmemories.It worksin twoways:We eithershake off the responsibility ofrememberingmomentswhentaking pictures,orwere sodisiracied（分散注意力的）by（heprocessthat wemissthe momentaltogether.The firstexplanation isthe lossof memory.People knowthat theircamera isrecording thatmoment,sothey donttry toremeniber.Similarly,if youwrite downsomeones phonenumber,youre lesslikely torememberitoffliandbecauseyourbrain tellsyoutheres justnoneed.Thatsallwell andgood-untilthatpieceofpaper goesmissing.The otheris distraction.Were distractedby theprocess oftaking aphoto-how wehold ourphone,composingthephoto,suchassmilingfaces,thebackgroundtoourlikingandclearimage,allofwhichusesupourattention thatcould otherwisehelp usmemorize.However,taking photoscan benefitmemory—when donemindfully.While takingaphotomay bedistracting,theactofpreparationbyfocusingonvisualdetailsaroundhassomeupsides.Whenpeopletakethelimeto zoomin（拉近镜头）onspecificthings,memories becomestrengthened.Another benefitis thatwe recallmoments moreaccurately withthe photos.Memory has been reshapedwiththe helpof newinformation andnew experiences.Thus,photos orvideos helpus recallmoments asifthey reallyhappened.Memories dieawaywithout avisualrecord backingthem up.Therefore,aphotois anexcellent tooltohelprememberwhen donepurposefully,which isworth exploringfurther.
8.Whatis thepurposeofthefirst paragraphA.To introducethetopic.B.To callonreaders not to takephotos.C.To showtheinterestintaking photos.D.To makeusthink ofsimilarexperience.
9.Whydoes photographyoutsource memoriesA.Photosare moredetailed thanmemories.B.Taking photosishelpful forustomemorize.C.Peopledepend moreonphotosto rememberthantheirbrains.D.Many sourcesinfluence peoplesmemories duringphoto-taking.
10.Whatmay likelybediscussed nextA.Situationswhen takingphotosisbetter.B.Howiostay focusedwhiletaking photos.C.When distractionis mostlikelyto happen.D.Howtouse photo-takingo memorizebetter.
11.Whichof thefollowingcould bethebest titlefortheextA.Photography DocsHelp toMemoriesB.Too ManyPhotos TakenResults inPoorMemoriesC.Remember theMomentandTake PhotosProperlyD.The FewerPhotosWeTake,the BetterWeWillRememberILiving robotscanreproduceontheirown inadish.Thisisnot ascience-fictionmovie,buttheresultofanewresearch.The studywas publishedintheProceedings oftheNationalAcademy ofSciencesin theUS onNov
29.Xcnobots,a typeof tinyrobot,were firstcreated in2020,using cellstaken fromthe embryoof anAfricanfrogspecies.Undertherightlabconditions,thecellsformedsmallstructuresthatcouldself-assemble,moveingroups andreact to their environment.Now,the researchershave found that xenobots can alsoself-replicate自我复制，according tothejournalof NewScientist.But arethey livingorganisms orrobots Theyare organismsbecause theyare madeof stemcells andcanreproduce.Andtheyarcalsorobotsbecausetheycanmoveonheirownandperfonnphysicallabor,co-authorSam Kriegman toldTheWashington Post.People havethought forquite along timethat weveworked outallthe ways that life can reproduce orreplicate.But thisis somethingthats neverbeen observedbefore,co-author DouglasBlackiston,a seniorscientistaTufts Universityin theUS,toldScience Dailywebsite.The abilityto replicateadds anew layerof potentialutility tothe robots.Kriegman toldThe WashingtonPosthat while xenobots are not yetcommercially useful,they have the potentialto provide a numberofservices,from cleaningupmicroplastics intheocean tosafelydelivering drugstoaspecific spotin apersonsbody.However,the creationof xenobotscomes withconcerns.Some thinkmore advancedfuture xenobots,especially oneshat livelonger andreproduce,could out-compcte otherspecies,according toTheConversation,an Australianewsmedia.The researchersthink theserisks aremanageable.If youchange theamountofsodium inthat waterto betoohigh ortoolow,theyll die,Kriegman toldThe Washington Post.If theres apiece ofcopper inthedish,theyll alldie.Its anextremely controllableand stoppableandsafe system.
12.WhatdoweknowaboutxenobotsaccordingtothepassageA.Theyshouldbeclassifiedintofrogspecies.B.They canreproduce andreplicatethemselves.C.They canadapttotheenvironmentanywhere.D.They werecreated basedon sciencefiction movies.
13.How doscientists feelthewaythatxenobotsreproduceA.Unexpected.B.Predictable.C.Doubted.D.Unaccepted.
14.WhateffectsdoxcnonotshaveonhumansA.Thcy arcexpected toreplaceotherspecies.B.They havebeenused widelycommercially.C.They willscn;c humanbeings moreextensively.D.They willfurther exploretheir ownpotential ability.15Whats Kriegmansattitudetowards thexenobotsfutureA.Worried.B.Cautious.C.Neutral.D.Optimistic.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项Over thepast tenmonthsofpandemic life,cooking hasbecome ashelter forme.New YorkTimes foodeditorSamSiftonrefcrredtoKoreanfriedriceandsaiditimprovesmoods,atmospheresandweeksalike.16Id argueit improvesphysical health,finances andskills,and reducesstress.Really,cooking isarewarding thingyou shoulddothesedays.Cooking f（x）dfor yourselfis beneficialto yourphysical health.Whenyou cookyourown food,youcontrol exactlywhat goesinto yourbody.Its thebest possibleway todial inor cleanup yourdiet.17Arecent surveyhas foundthat twiceas manyAmericansare cookinga（homethan ayearago,and thatnearly aquarter are doingso in aneffort toeat healthier.18Its considerablycheaper thanordering fromrestaurants,or buyingprepared foodfromsupermarkets.Its foundthat orderingtakeout isfive timesmore expensive.The differenceis moreobvious ifyourecooking forafamily.In termsofimprovingcookingskill,youcanthelpbinimproveifyoudoitoverandoveragain.Withsomany otheroutlets fbrhobbies shutdown rightnow.why notview yourkitchen asa miniuniverse tobeexplored Youvegot thetools,nottomention thehuman requirementto eat.I cantthink of another hobbywhereyour bodyphysicallyrequiresyou topracticeseveral timesdaily.19How doescooking relievestress,you mightbewondering20If youreorganized enough（o cookmeals inadvance,you endthe weeknightdilemma ofwhats fordinner Funhcrmore,as yougetbetter atcooking,you willsparethe needtoorder food.A.Cooking helpskidsdevelop manyhobbies.B.Actually,cooking canbring morebenefits.C.Theact itselfcanbe calmingto somepeople.D.From afinancialaspect,cooking cannotbe beaten.E.You cansavemoney aswell asimproveyour mentalhealth.F.If improvinghealth isyour mainreason fbrcooking,youre notalone.G.Youre likelytoimproveyour cookingskillsand theywillstick withyou forlife.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题
1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Ifapersononlyhasanarm,howcouldheorsheplaybasketballHowcouldheorsheevendribble（运球）likea2]player ZhangJiacheng,aChinese boy,has madeitand22everyone who knows hisstoryfrom theInternet.After ashort23ofthe teenagebasketball playerplaying acompetitionwasrecently24online.Zhangsoon becamean internetfocus andwas highly25for hisstrong willandexiraordinaryskills.Inthevideo,Zhangshowedhisdribblingabilitiesand26skillsinfrontofadefencemadeupofseveral professionalbasketball players,and receiveda loud27from theaudiencewatchingon28Itisthepowerofbasketball,soimpressiveand29!”Anetizenwhosawthisvideo30onSinaWeibo.Bom inGuangdong,China,Zhang3j hisright armin anaccidentwhen hewasonlyfive,which wasvery32foralittle kid.But Zhanghasnt letthatmisfortune discouragehim frompursuing his33,andhe hasnever giveninto hisfateas hislove and passion forbasketball34stronger.Basketball isbynomeansjusta35for thisone-armed teenager.36,he dreamsofbeing aprofessional athlete!“Your heartisalways the37part ofyourbody,“said YiJianlian,after watchingtheteenagers shortvideo.“Yourright handhasbeen38inacruel way,but youhavethe best left hand.You arethereal39in thisgame,“former CBAplayer WangJing40highly ofZhangs performance.
21.A.funny B.professional C.serious D.rigid
22.A.attracted B.annoyed C.frightene dD.impressed
23.A.talk B.report C.video D.note
24.A.posted B.returned C.pri ntedD.sold
25.A.persuaded B.praised C.criticizedD.convinced
26.A.shootingB.IeamingC.climbingD.listening
7.A.argumentB.laughC.voiceD.cheer
28.A.radioB.web C.site D.TV
29.A.inspirational B.helpful C.illegal D.ridiculous
30.A.ad vertisedB.wrote C.answered D.explaincd
31.A.pulled B.seized C.lost D.wavcd
32.A.unwise B.unintelligent C.uncertain D.unfortunate
33.A.policy B.dream C.truthD.freedom
34.A.grow B.develop C.feel D.expect
35.A.lest B.custom C.hobby D.job
36.A.Nearly B.Strangely C.ConstantlyD.Actually
37.A.strongest B.softestC.smartest D.warmcs
38.A.taken upB.taken inC.taken awayD.taken down
39.A.boy B.soldier C.artist D.star
40.A.named B.spokeC.concluded D.prayed第二节共10小题；每小题
1.5分，满分15分阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式AChinesespace companyhas designedamachine41can catchwastematerials leftbehindbyspaceships inouterspace withabig net.The30-kilogram machine,called NEO-OI,42make byOrigin Spacelast year.The companysays themachinewilllead thewayforfuture technologiesable todevelop asicroids小行星.Usually,space cleanuptechnology letsmagnets磁铁gather upspace waste.But areport onthe OriginSpacewebsitesays NE0-01willuse anet43catch wasteandthen burnit.44thousandofspaceshipshavebeensentupworldwide.Astimegoeson,manyendupaswasteandputotheroperating spaceships45risk.SuMengisthefounderofOriginSpace.Hesaidthecompanyplanstosendupmanyspacetelescopesandmore spaceshipsto beginthe46develop ofasteroids by
2045.47is reportedby XinhuaNews thatChina isincreasing effortstolanda spaceshipon anear-Earth asteroidtocollectmaterials.Chinaisalso48clearspeedingupaplantosendupspaceshipstostopnear-Earthasteroidsfrom49harm theEarth.Thecountry aimstofollowotherspace powerssuch asRussiain becoming50main spacepowerby
2030.第三部分写作共两节，满分35分第一节短文改错共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改增加在缺同处加•个漏字符号△,并在其下面写出该加的词删除把多余的词用斜线\划掉修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意I.每处错误及其修改均仅限--词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者从第II处起不计分It,s timetosaygoodbye.Ican,t helprecalling thosebeautifuldays wespentthemtogether.Youare theverypersonwhogivesmethehandwhenIneedhelp.YouarethemoreconsideratepersonwhoknowsexactlyhatIneed.DoyouslillrememberthatnighttwoyearsagoWhenIsuddenlyfallill,itwasyouwhocarriedmeonyour backothehospital.You tookwellcare ofmewhenIwas in hospital.Later,you managedhelpmewithmylessons.Withyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailingintheexams.Istillhavehundredsofstorytosharewithyou.Istillhavethousandsofblessingforyou.Mayallyourdrcamscoinctrue!Mayourfriendshiplastforever!第二节书面表达满分25分推行垃圾分类，提倡低碳生活是全民活动，你班英语课堂将举行主题为“LEsGGreenNow”的英语演讲比赛请你写一篇演讲稿内容包括
1.倡导绿色生活的原因；
2.实践途径（至少两点）注意:
1.词数80左右（首尾已给出，不计入词数）:
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯Boys andgirls,答案以及解析答案I-3BCA解析
1.细节理解题根据第三段Wilhout arealsurface,so tospeak,landing ontheplanetwould alsobenearly impossibletolandon.（可以说，没有一个真正的表面，在行星上着陆几乎是不可能的）可知，在K2-I8b行星上着陆是不可能的，因为它没有真止的表面故选B
2.推理判断题根据倒数第二段The gasabsorbed wouldhavemorethandoubledtheplanetand increaseditsvolumeeightfold.（吸收的这种气体将使地球增加一倍以上，使其体积增加8倍）”可知，K2-18b是通过岩石吸入大量气体扩张的故选Co
3.细节理解题根据最后一段Thistypeofresearch,Bennekesaid,isleadingtowardafinalgoalofbeingabletostudyreal,trueearth-likeplanets.Wearenotquitethereyet,hesaid,butthisisreallyexciting.（这种类型的研究正朝着，能够研究真正的类地球行星，的最终目标前进我们还没有到达那里，但这真的很令人兴奋）”可知，科学家在研究类地球行星方面取得了进展故选A
4.答案B解析:推理判断题根据第二段中Butovertheyears,smartphonemakershaveinvestedheavilyinresearchand developmentto changethat.Today,many smartphoneshave high-quality camerasdesigned（o producebetterpictures.And mostphone devicesalso offerpowerful toolsto improve（he qualityof thepictures wetake.（但多年来，智能手机制造商在研发方面投入了大量资金，以改变这种状况如今，许多智能手机都有高质量的摄像头，旨在拍摄更好的照片大多数手机设备也提供强大的工具来提高我们拍摄的照片的质量）可推知，2009年数码相机销量首次下降的潜在原因是智能手机内置/摄像头，并进行了改进故选B
5.答案B解析细在理解题根据倒数第二段However,camera makershave hadmore successselling digitalcameraswithinterchangeablelenses.This isbecausethesecamerasaregenerallytargetedal professionalphotographerswho demandhigher quality.Such camerascan producehigh imagequality thatdistinguishesthemfromsmartphones,CIPAsaid.（然而,相机制造商在销售可更换镜头的数码相机方面取得了更大的成功这是因为这些相机一般都是针对对画质要求较高的专业摄影师CIPA表示，这类相机可以产生与智能手机不同的高画质”）“可知，可更换镜头的数码相机销量好是因为它们有高超的拍摄质量故选B
6.答案D解析词句猜测题根据画线词后文Usingaphonemakesiteasierformetogetcomfortablemomentsthatmightnothappenotherwise.（使用手机让我更容易获得舒服的时刻，否则这些时刻可能不会发生）可知，使用手机更舒服，说明使用相机有时会让被拍照的人出怕，故画线词意思是令人害怕的”故选D
7.答案C解析推理判断题根据最后一段Oded Baliltyisbasedin TelAviv,Israel.It isdefinitely analternativetool,hesaidoftheiPhone.Butheadded:Its thephotographernotthedevice,thatdetermines thequalityofaphoto.（OdedBaliky在以色列特拉维夫工作”它绝对是一种替代工具，”他在谈到iPhone时说但他补充说决定照片质量的是摄影师，而不是设备”『可推知，OdedBalihy意思是摄影师的专业技术很关键故选C
8.答案A解析推理判断题根据第一段Thesunissetting,brighteningyourkidsfacesastheyplayinthewaves.Youreach foryour phonefor thisperfect moment.But beforeyou do,heres abit ofsurprising science:Takingphotosisnottheperfectwaytokeepmemoryasyouthink.（太阳落山了，孩子们在海浪中玩耍，他们的脸变得明亮起来为了这个完美的时刻，你伸手去拿手机但在你这么做之前，这里有一点令人惊讶的科学拍照并不是你认为的保持记忆的完美方式）”可知，本段描写了海边游玩的美好画面，人们会习惯性地拿出手机拍照留念，但拍照并不是人们所以为的保存记忆的完美方式，从而引出文章的主题故选A
9.答案；C解析推理判断题根据第三段Photographyoutsourcesmemories.Itworksintwoways:Weeither shakeofftheresponsibilityofremembering momentswhen takingpictures,or wereso distracted（分散注意力的）by theprocess thatwe missthemomentaltogether.（摄景彳夕卜包的记忆它在两方面起作用我们要么在拍照时摆脱了记住时刻的责任，要么在拍照过程中分心，以至于完全错过了那个时刻）”推知，拍照“外包了回忆是因为人们太过于依赖相机而不是自己的大脑故选C
10.答案D解析推理判断题根据最后一段最后一句Therefore,aphotoisanexcellenttooltohelprememberwhendonepurposefully,whichisworthexploringfurther.（因此，照片是帮助记忆的极好工具，如果是有目的的，这是值得进•步探索的）”可推知，接下来文章可能会探讨如何照相以便能更好地记忆故选D
11.答案C解析主旨大意题根据第一段Thesunissetting,brighteningyourkidsfacesastheyplayinthewaves.Youreach toryour phonefor thisperfect moment.But beforeyou do,heresabit ofsurprising science:Takingphotos isnottheperfectwaytokeepmemoryasyouthink.（太阳落山了，孩了们在海浪中玩耍，他们的脸变得明亮起来为了这个完美的时刻，你伸手去拿手机但在你这么做之前，这里有一点令人惊讶的科学:拍照并不是你认为的保持记忆的完美方式）”结合文章主要说明了科学表明拍照并不是你认为的保持记忆的完美方式，拍太多的照片实际上会损害大脑保存记忆的能力我们得到了照片，但失去了记忆文章解释了背后的原因鼓励人们应有目的有计划地拍照由此可推知，C项“记住当下，合理拍照”概括了文章大意，是本文的最佳标题故选C答案
12.BJ
3.A;
14.C;
15.D解析
12.细节理解题根据第二段Undertherighlkibconditions,thecellsformed smallstructures thatcould self-assemble,move ingroups andreact totheir environment.Now,theresearchers havefoundthatxenobotscanalso self-replicate,according tothe journalof NewScientisl（在合适的实验室条件下,细胞形成了能够自我组装、成组移动并对环境做出反应的小结构据《新科学家杂志》报道，现在，研究人员发现，异种机器人也可以自我复制）可知，异种机器人可以繁殖和自我复制故选Bo
13.推理判断题根据第四段Peoplehavethoughtforquitealongtimethatweveworkedout allthe waysthatlifecanreproduceor replicate.But thisis somethingthats neverbeen observedbefore”（很长-段时间以来，人们一直认为我们已经找至r繁殖生命或复制生命的所有方式但这是以前从未注意到的）可知，科学家们认为异种机器人的繁殖方式是出乎意料的故选Ao
14.细节理解题根据第五段KriegmantoldTheWashingtonPostthatwhilexenobotsarenotyetcommerciallyuseful,theyhavethepotential toprovideanumberofservices,from cleaningupmicroplastics inthe oceanto safelydeliveringdrugs toaspecific spotin apersonsbody（克里格曼告诉《华盛顿邮报》，虽然异种机器人还没有商业用途，但它们有潜力提供许多服务，从清理海洋中的微塑料到将药物安全运送到人体的特定部位）可知,异种机器人能够为人类提供更广泛的服务故选Co
15.推理判断题根据第五段KriegmantoldTheWashingtonPost thatwhilexenobotsarenotyetcommerciallyuseful,theyhavethepotentialtoprovideanumberofservices,fromcleaningupmicroplasticsintheoceanto safelydeliveringdrugs toaspecificspotinapersonsbody.（克里格曼告诉《华盛顿邮报》，虽然异种机器人还没有商业用途，但它们有潜力提供许多服务,从清理海洋中的微塑料到将药物安全运送到人体的特定部位）以及最后一段Theresearchersthinktheserisksaremanageable.（研究人员认为这些风险是可控的）可知,克里格曼对异种机器人的未来持乐观态度故选D,16-20答案BFDGC解析16根据空前的…saiditimprovesmoods,atmospheresandweeksalike（说它能改善情绪、氛和周数”）以及空后的Idargueitimprovesphysicalhealth,financesandskills,andreducesstress（我认为它可以改善身体健康、财政和技能，减轻压力）可知，B选项Actually,cookingcanbringmorebenefils（其实，烹饪能带来更多的好处）符合语境故选B017根据空后的ArecentsurveyhasfoundthattwiceasmanyAmericansarccookingathomethanayearago,andthat nearlyaquarteraredoingso inaneffort toeathealthier（最近的一项调查发现,美国人在家做饭的人数是一年前的两倍，近四分之一的人这样做是为了吃得更健康）可知，F选项Ifimprovinghealthisyourmainreasonforcooking,yourenotalone（如果改善健康是你做饭的主要原因，你并不孤单）符合语境故选F18根据空后的内容Its considerablycheaper thanordering fromrestaurants,or buyingprepared foodfromsupermarkets.Itsfound（hatorderingtakeoutisfivetimesmoreexpensive（这比在餐馆点餐或在超市买准备好的食物便宜得多人们发现点外卖要贵五倍）可知，D选项Fromafinancialaspect,cookingcannotbebeaten（从经济方面来考虑，烹饪也是有优势的）符合故选D19根据本题段落首句Intermsofimprovingcookingskills,youcanthelpbutimproveifyoudoitoverandoveragain（在提高烹饪技巧方而，如果反复练习，你会情不自禁地提高）可知，G选项Yoifrelikelytoimproveyourcookingskillsandtheywillstickwithyouforlife（你很可能会提升完饪技能，而且这种技能可以伴随你一生）与其相呼应故选G20根据空前的How doescooking relievestress,you mightbe wondering（你可能会想，烹饪是如何缓解压力的可知，C选项Theactitselfcan becalmingtosomepeople烹饪本身对某些人来说就是能令人平静的符合语境故选C答案
21.B;
22.D;
23.C;
24.A;
25.B;
26.A;
27.D;
28.C;
29.A;
30.B;
31.C;
32.D;
33.B;
34.A;
35.C;
36.D;
37.A;
38.C;
39.D;
40.B解析:
21.考查形容词及语境理解A.funny好玩的；B.professional专业的；C.serious认真的；D.rigid固执的根据前文[faperson onlyhas anarm,how couldhe orshe playbasketball”可知，一只胳肿的人怎么能像职业球员那样运球呢故选B
022.考查动词及语境理解A.anracted吸引；B.annoyed使恼怒；C.frightened害怕；D.impressed使有印象根据后文everyonewhoknowshisstoryfrom theIntemet.”可知,张家城的故事给人留下了深刻的印象故选D
23.考查名词及语境理解A.lalk交谈,B.report报告；C.video视频；D.note笔记根据后文Aneiizenwhosawihisvideo_10_onSinaWeibo.“可知，张家城比赛的短视频最近被发布在网上故选C
24.考查动词及语境理解A.posted张贴;发布；B.returned返回；C.printed打印；D.sold卖根据后文online可知，短视频被发布在网上故选A
25.考查动词及语境理解A.persuaded劝服；B.praised赞扬C.criticized指责；D.convinced信服根据后文for hisstrongwill andextraordinary skills.”可知，张家城因其坚强的意志和非凡的技能而受到高度赞扬故选B
26.考杳动词及语境理解A.shooting投篮；B.learning学习；C.climbing爬；D.listening听根据前文Zhang showedhis dribblingabilities可知,这里指张家城的运球能力和投篮技巧故选A.
27.考查名词及语境理解A.argument争论；B.laugh大笑；C.voice声音；D.cheer欢呼根据后文fromtheaudiencewatchingon_28_可知，观众为张家城精彩表现欢呼雀跃故选D
28.考查名词及语境理解A.radio收音机;B.web网;C.site现场；D.TV电视onsite在现场的根据前文andreceived akud_27fromtheaudience watching”可知，这里指现场的观众为张家城精彩表现欢呼雀跃故选C
29.考查形容词及语境理解.A..inspirational鼓舞人心的；B.helpful有帮助的；C.illegal非法的；D.ridiculous可笑的根据前文It isthe powerof basketball,soimpressive”可知，张家城精彩表现令人印象深刻和鼓舞人心故选A
30.考查动词及语境理解A.advertised广告；B.wrolc写；C.answered回答,D.explained解释根据前文Itisthepowerofbasketball,soimpressiveand_29_!”可知，网友在新浪微博上写的评论故选B
31.考查动词及语境理解A.pulled拉;B.seized抓住;C.lost失去；D.waved挥舞根据首句If apersononlyhas anarm,howcouldhe orshe playbaskelball”可知,张家城在事故中失去右臂故选C
32.考查形容词及语境理解A.unwise不明智的；B.unintelligent无知的；C.uncertain不确定的；D.unfortunate不幸的根据前文Zhang_31_hisrightarminanaccidentwhenhewasonlyfive,”可知，张家城在事故中失去右臂，当然是不幸的故选D
33.考查名词及语境理解A policy政策；B.drcam梦想；C.truth事实；D.freedom自由根据后文“and hehasnever giveninto hisfateas hisloveandpassionforbasketball—14stronger.“可知，张家城继续追寻自己的梦想故选B
34.考查动词及语境理解A.grow成长;渐渐变得；B.develop发展；C.feel感觉；D.expect期望根据前文ButZhanghasntletthatmisfortunediscouragehimfrompursuinghis_33_，”可知，张家城对篮球的热爱和热情渐渐变得越来越强烈故选Ao
35.考查名词及语境理解A.lest担心；B.custom习惯；C.hobby爱好；D.job匚作根据后文“_36__________,hedreams ofbeingaprofessional athlete!^^可知，这个独替少年对篮球不仅仅是爱好故选Co
36.考杳副词及语境理解A.Nearly几乎;B.Strangely奇怪地；C.Consianily不断地；D.Actually事实上根据后文hedrcamsofbeingaprofessionalathlete!”可知，这个独臂少年事实上想成为-名职业运动员故选D.
37.考查形容词最高级及语境理解“Astrongest最强壮的；B.softest最柔软的；C.smartest最聪明的；D.warmest最温暖的根据前文Your heart”和常识可知，内心永远是一个人身体最强壮的部分故选A
38.考查动词短语及语境理解A.taken up从事；B.taken in接受；C.taken away夺取；D.taken down写下根据前文Zhang_31_hisrightarminanaccidentwhenhewasonlyfive,“可知，张家城的右手被残忍地夺走了故选C
39.考行名词及语境理解A.boy男孩;B.soldier战士;Cartist艺术家；D.star明星根据后文in【hisgame可知，张家城是比赛场上真正的明星故选D
40.考查动词及语境理解A.named命名；B.spoke讲;C.concluded得出结论；D.prayed保佑speakhighlyof对....高度评价根据前文Yourrighthand hasbeen_18_inacruel way,but youhavethebestlefthand.You arcthe rcal_39_in thisgame,”可知，前CBA球员王晶高度评价了张家城的表现故选Bo41-50答案that/which was madeto caichThousandsatdevelopmentkclearlyharniinga解析41考查定语从句句意:一家中国航天公司设计了一种机器，可以用大网捕捉太空船在外太空留下的废料此处引导定语从句，先行词为machine,在从句中作主语，故填ihai/which42考查动词时态、语态及主调一致句意:这台30公斤重的机器名为NEO-OI,去年由Origin Space制造时间状语为lastyear,句子用一般过去时,主语为The30-kilogrammachine,谓语动词用二单形式,且与make之间是被动关系，故填wasmade43考查动词不定式句意:但起源空间网站.上的一份报告称，NEO-01将使用网捕捉垃圾，然后将其焚烧此处用动词不定式表目的，故填Icatch44考查数词句意:数以千计的宇宙飞船被发射到世界各地ihousandsof表示”数以千计的，且首字母人写，故填Thousands45考查介词句意:随着时间的推移，许多太空船最终成为废物，并使其他正在运行的太空船面临风险at risk表示有风险符合句意，故填at46考查不可数名词句意:他说，该公司计划发射许多太空望远镜和更多的宇宙飞船，以便在2045年开始开发小行星结合句意和ihe可知，此处用名词形式，表示“开发“，为不可数名词，故填development47考查形式主语句意:据新华社报道，中国正在加紧努力，将一艘宇宙飞船降落在近地小行星.上收集材料此处用it作形式主语,that从句作真正的主语，且首字母大写，故填It48考查副词句意:中国显然也在加快发射太空船的计划，以防止近地小行星对地球造成伤害此处用副词作状语修饰动词speeding,故填clearly..49考查动名词句意:中国显然也在加快发射太空船的计划，以防止近地小行星对地球造成伤害此处用动名词作介词from的宾语，故填harming50考查冠词句意:该国的目标是在2030年之前跟随俄罗斯等其他太空大国成为主要太空大国结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，main为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a第三部分写作第一节答案Its timetosay goodbye.I can,t helprecalling thosebeautifuldays wespentthe moretogether.You arethevery personwho givesmehand whenIneed help.You arethea mostconsideratepersonwhoknowsexactly thatIneed.Do youstillrememberwhatnight twoyearsagofallWhenIsuddenly ill,it wasyou whocarried meonyourback tohehospital.wellfellYou took---------goodWith--yourcareof mewhenI wasinhospital.Later,you managedto helpme withmylessons.Withoutfailing°storyhelp,1wouldhave；inthe exams.I stillhavehundredsof toshare withyou.I stillfailedstorieshave thousandsofblessing foryou.May allyour dreamscometrue!May ourfriendshiplast forever!解析
1.考杳定语从句句意:我不禁想起我们一起度过的那些美好的H子先行词为days,在定语从句中作宾语,所以用that或which引导，可省略，所以them多余,故去掉them
2.考查冠词句意:当我需要帮助的时候，你就是那个帮助我的人give sb.ahand”帮助某人”，为固定搭配，故the改为a
3.考查形容词最高级句意:你是最体贴的人，知道我到底需要什么前面有the,表示最体贴的”，所以用most构成形容词最高级，故more改为most
4.考查宾语从句句意:你是最体贴的人，知道我到底需要什么本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示什么，故应用what故that改为what
5.考查动词时态句意:当我突然生病时，是你把我背到医院的描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故al改为fell.
6.考查形容词句意:我住院的时候你对我照顾得很好修饰名词，所以用形容词，故well改为good
7.考查动词不定式句意:后来，你设法帮我补习功课短语managetodoslh.”设法做某事后跟不定式，故managed后面加
108.考直介词句意:如果没有你的帮助，我就考试不及格了结合句意表示“没有“介词应用wiihoul故With改为Withouto
9.考查虚拟语气句意:如果没有你的帮助，我就考试不及格了本句为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以主句用would havedone,故failing改为failedo
10.考查可数名词的复数句意:我还有几百个故事要和你们分享story为可数名词，由hundredsof修饰应用复数形式故siory改为storieso第二节答案Boys andgirls,Im greatlyhonored todeliver thespeech.As weall know,withthedevelopment of the economyandsociety,henumberofprivatecarsisincreasingamazingly.Carsandothervehiclesreleasecarbongases,sodomany otherhuman activities,which causesglobal warming.Its hightimethatwe shouldgogreen.From mypoint ofview,we shouldraise thepublic awarenessoftheimportance ofgoing green.Andtaking publictransportationorriding bicyclesinstead ofdriving shouldbegreatlyencouraged.Whats。
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