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湖南师大附中级高三摸底考试试卷英语2021本试题卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，共页时量分钟满分分10120150第一部分听力（共两节，满分分）30做题时，先将答案标在试卷上录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上第一节（共小题;每小题分，满分分）
51.
57.5听下面段对话每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的、三个选项中选出最佳选项听完每段对话后，你都有5A.B C秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题每段对话仅读一遍10例How muchis theshirtA.£
19.
15.B.£
9.
18.C.£
9.
15.答案是C
1.What mightprevent the woman frombuying thetableA.Its quality.B.Its price.C.Its design.
2.What does the womanimplyA.The transportationfor the trip isfree.B.The classwont enjoygoing on the fieldtrip.C.Some peoplemay notgo onthetrip.
3.How doesthe manfeel about the womansnew blouseA.It isreally worthwhile.B.It followsa newfashion.C.It matchesher skirtwell.
4.When didthe womanarrive intownA.On July
9.B.On July
10.C.On July
11.
5.What doesthe mansuggestA.Wearing the new dress.B.Wearing thelight bluedress.C.Wearing a more formaldress.第二节（共小题;每小题分，满分分）15L
522.5听下面段对话或独白每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的、、三个选项中选出最佳选项听每段对话5A BC或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出秒钟的作答时间每段对话或独白读两遍55听第段材料，回答第、题
6676.Why doesthe manmake thecallA.To buyan insurancefor hiscar.B.To make an enquiryabout anew car.C.To make a complaintabout theservice.
7.How muchdoestheRed Flagcompany chargemonthlyA.$
30.B.$
40.C.$
48.听第段材料，回答第至题
78108.What isthe womanA.A hostess.B.A producer.C.An environmentalist.
9.Why isthe interviewheldA.To prepare a story.B.To fillthe thirty-minute opening.C.To increasepublic awarenessof environmentalprotection.
10.When doesthe conversationtake place.A.Before theinterview.B.During theinterview.C.After theinterview.听第段材料，回答第至题
8111311.What doesthe womanthink of the awardA.She acceptsthe awardfor granted.B.She owesthe awardto thediligent peoplearound.C.She thinksthe awardshould goto thereal hero.
12.What didpeople inSt.Bernard Parishsuffer fromA.A watershortage.B.An earthquake.C.A storm.
13.What doesthe womanwant toconvey听第A.They havealready madegreat progress.B.There isstill a lot ofwork to do.C.There isonly astep away from success.9段材料，回答第至题
141714.Who didthe womanmakeadeal withA.Her father.B.Her teacher.C.Her friend.
15.What isthe womangoing todoA.Volunteer atschool.B.Start lookingfor ajob.C.Do morework aroundthe house.
16.Why has the womandecided tochange herlifeA.To becomeorganized.B.To havemore timeto herself.C.To be more independent.
17.What willthewomanbe savingmoney forA.A computer.B.A phone.C.A car.听第段材料，回答第至题
10182018.What dowe learnabout theTV showA.It will be producedwith thehelp ofHarvard University.考查形容词词义辨析句意最繁忙的时间是每年的月到月，那时学生们正在等待各所大学的录取通Tsering Chopa78知书最忙的；最好的；最快速的；最早的根据空后A.busiest B.best C.fastest D.earliest“between July and August each year,以及常识可知每年的、when students are waiting for their6when studentsare waitingfor”78月份是大学录取的时间，也是邮递员最繁忙的时候，因为他们要投递录取通知书故选A【题详解】26考查名词词义辨析句意最繁忙的时间是每年的月到月，那时学生们正在等待各所大学的录取通知Tsering Chopa78书正式申请，应用；推荐；承认，允许进入；提议，建议根A.application B.recommendation C.admission D.proposal据空后的uwhen studentsare waitingfor when studentsare waitingfor”以及常识可知，每年的
7、8月份是大学录取的时间,学生们在等着他们的大学录取通知书；意为“允许进入，意为“录取通知书”符合语境故admission admissionletter选C【题详解】27考查名词词义辨析句意他不得不问邻居好几次才知道新地址名字；地址；想法，主意；A.name B.address C.idea D.解释,说明根据上文explanation“He recallsone summer he had to deliver mail to one student whose family had alreadymoved可知，要送邮件的学生家搬走了，因此他问邻居是要知道这个学生家的新地址故选away.”Tsering ChopaB【题详解】28考查动词词义辨析句意尽管通往村子的道路因雨而受阻，但他还是跋涉了多公里，终于把信送到了20A.blocked阻塞，堵住某人的路等；变宽；扩大，延长，持续；弄平滑，使顺利根据句中B.widened C.extended D.smoothed“because可知，由于下雨，通往这个村的道路被阻，他不得不跋涉of rain,he trekkedfor more than20km toEnally deliverthe letter”多公里故选20A【题详解】29考查名词词义辨析句意他说“我不介意辛苦，因为按时投递邮件是我的责任信，字母；利A.letters B.benefits益，好处；潜能；艰难根据第一段中所描述的恶劣环境以及上文询可C.potentials D.hardships“He hadto quizneighborsseveral times for thenew
7.Even thoughthe roadto thevillage was8because ofrain,he trekkedfor morethan20km tofinally delivertheletter.v可知，对于邮递员Tsering Chopa来说，他的工作充满艰辛，但他毫不介意，因为他认为按时投递是他的责任故选D【题详解】30考查名词词义辨析句意他说“我不介意辛苦，因为按时投递邮件是我的责任机会；A.opportunity B.responsibility责任；C.ability能力；D.secret秘密根据第一段中uRain orshine,a Tibetanmailman,Tsering Chopatreks跋涉for long hours可知是位邮递员，因此，他认为按时投递是他的责任故选to deliver mail”Tsering ChopaB题详解】[31考查副词词义辨析句意年月的一个晚上，当地居民尼玛次仁的女儿晕倒了，急需帮助20192NyimaTsering A.originally起初,独创地；可能；逐渐地;绝望地，不顾一切地,非常根据空前的B.possibly C.gradually D.desperately a local resident以及下文Nyima Tserings daughter hadfhinted”^Knowing that,the mailman12a可知的女儿晕倒，需要送往医院，由此可知，car right away and sent her to the county hospital.Nyima TseringNyima Tsering的女儿急需帮助意为“非常，及其意为“急需”符合语境故选desperately desperatelyneed D【题详解】32考查动词短语辨析句意邮递员知道了这一点，马上安排了一辆车，把她送到县医院期待，Tsering ChopaA.hoped for希望得到；回避；安排，准备;向路边停靠根据空后的B.keptoff C.arranged forD.pulled over“a carright awayand senther to可知，安排车把急需救治的病人送去医院短语“安排，准备”符合语境the countyhospital Tsering Chopa arrangefor故选C【题详解】33考查名词词义辨析句意他还给了女孩的家人一些现金用于治疗，帮助她康复账单，议案；变化，A.bills B.changes找给的零钱；现金；舒适，安慰本段主要介绍邮递员如何帮助急需救治的病人，结合C.cash D.comfort Tsering Chopa空后的「可知，次仁曲巴给了病人家一些钱用于给女儿治病故“for thegir streatment to help her recovery”Tsering Chopa选C【题详解】34考查动词词义辨析句意2019年，次仁曲巴Tsering Chopa荣获中国青年五四奖章A.received获得，收至U；B.missed想念，错过；下降，拒绝；竞争根据空后C.declined D.competed for“he ChinaYouth MayFourthMedalv以及下文u It is a great15of what I doand asymbol ofencouragement as well,,可知Tsering Chopa荣获中国青年五四奖章故选A【题详解】35考查名词词义辨析句意他说“这是对我所做的一切的极大认可，也是一种鼓励的象征，让世界更接近他们，让他们更接近世界要求，必要条件；态度；感激之情，感谢；A.requirement B.attitude C.gratitude D.acknowledgment MW,承认根据上文uIn2019,Tsering Chopa14the ChinaYouth MayFourth Medal.可知，年荣获中国青年五四奖章，认为这是对他所作事情的认可与鼓励2019Tsering ChopaTsering Chopa“承认，认可”符合语境故选acknowledgment D第二节（共小题;每小题分，满分分）
101.
51536.named
37.as
38.but##while
39.belongings
40.recycling
41.her
42.spotted
43.to pick
44.relatively
45.a【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍在物资极其丰富的今天，北上广等一线大城市的年轻人中，有一种的stooping文化正悄然盛行参与的年轻人被称为或“垃圾猎人”stooping“stooper”【题详解】36考查非谓语动词句意自从年夏天开始，一个名叫陈娇蓉的岁的上海居民，经常会在上海市中心的巨鹿路上202226一周走一到两次，四处看看并捡起“垃圾”此处作为后置定语，修饰名词之间为被动关系，所以用过去name resident,分词形式故填named【题详解】37考查介词句意在她的行为在网上被注意到后，其他人称她为“垃圾猎人”被称作……故填be describedas aso【题详解】38考查连词句意一词的意思是向前弯曲，但在美国，它也指通往房子的平台或人口楼梯前后句之间为转折关“stoop”系，所以用转折连词故填but/while【题详解】39考查名词的数句意一词是在美国创造的，因为很多人把他们使用过或未充分利用的物品放在家门口，然后被“stoop”有需要的人免费带走形容词后接名词形式名词常用复数，表示“所有物”作宾语故填underused belongingbelongingso【题详解】40考查非谓语动词句意:后来被扩展为“捡起废弃的物品并回收利用意味着……”故填“stoop”mean doingrecyclingo题详解】[41考查形容词性物主代词句意作为中国第一个“垃圾猎人”，陈有她自己的方法修饰名词前用形容词性物approach,主代词故填her【题详解】42考查谓语动词句意当她发现这些被遗弃的物品时，她在上面贴了一对眼球形状的贴纸，然后在她的社交媒体账户上发布注释，并引导其他人从街上捡起这些物品陈述过去事情，用一般过去时（发现）的过去式为故填spot spottedspottedoo【题详解】43考查非谓语动词句意当她发现这些被遗弃的物品时，她在上面贴了一对眼球形状的贴纸，然后在她的社交媒体账户上发布注释，并引导其他人从街上捡起这些物品.意为“指导某人做某事故填guide sb.todosth topick【题详解】44考查副词句意虽然在中国是一个相对较新的词，但现在，人们逐渐提倡以储蓄为基础的消费和环保的生活“stooping”方式，而不是盲目追求奢侈的消费形容词前用副词形式“相对地”故填new relativelyrelatively【题详解】45考查冠词句意虽然在中国是一个相对较新的词，但现在，人们逐渐提倡一种以储蓄为基础的消费和环保的“stooping”生活方式，而不是盲目追求奢侈的消费名词为可数名词，泛指，且形容词发音以辅音音素consumption savings-based开头，所以用不定冠词故填a a第四部分写作（共两节，满分分）40【答案】Dear Allen,I amwriting to tell youthat amusic festivalwill beheld inour school.We cantake partin themusic festivalin theschool hallfrom3pm to7pm nextFriday.In themusic festival,we willinvitesome famoussingers andbands toperform.In addition,some studentscan havea chanceto cooperatewith thesemusicians.As amusicfan,you arebound toparticipate in the festival.If possible,you arewelcome toperform in the festival,which will be agreatexperience.rd be morethandelighted ifyou couldcome andshare thisjoyful momentwith me.Looking forwardto yourearly reply.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文写作要求学生以邮件的形式邀请英国朋友来参加学校举办的音乐节，内容包括时间地Allen点、活动安排，并欢迎他表演节目【详解】词汇积累
1.参力口take partin—participate in另夕卜in addition—what!s more机会chance—opportunity一定be boundto一句式拓展简单句合并复合句be certainto
2.原句We cantake partin themusic festivalin theschool hallfrom3pm to7pm nextFriday.In themusic festival,we willinvitesome famoussingers andbands toperform.复合句We cantake partin themusic festivalin theschool hallfrom3pm to7pm nextFriday,in whichwe willinvite somefamoussingers andbands toperform.【点睛】【高分句型］（引导的宾语从句）1I amwriting to tell youthat amusic festivalwill beheld inour school,that【高分句型］（引导的条件状语从2If possible,you arewelcome toperform in the festival,which will be agreat experience,if句和引导的非限制性定语从句）which第二节（满分分）25［答案］Something insideme wastelling mewhat todo.I wanted to helpthe poorboy.Although Ihad threechildren ofmy ownanda modest family income,I decidedto adoptthe boy.I toldmy husbandwhat Ithought,and heimmediately agreed,saying,nThatsexactly what I wanted totell you.I toldthe boywe wouldgive hima home and takecare ofhim forhis mother.The boynodded,crying.Finally,we tookhim homewith us.We introducedStephen toour threechildren and told themthat hewould livewith usin thefuture.My childrenhappily acceptedand warmlytook Stevento visithis newhomeanddiscussed makingroom forSteven.I wasgladthat mychildren wereso kindand willingto shareeverything withother children.Stephen soonintegrated intoour familyandlived ahappy lifewith us.【解析】【导语］本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在癌症护理中心作护士，是一位患有脑癌的病人，她去世后留下了Patty她的儿子知道自己的妈妈去世后哭得很厉害Stephen,Stephen【详解】.段落续写1
①由第一段首句内容“我内心的某种东西在告诉我该怎么做”可知，第一段可描写作者具体的打算，也就是要收养这个男孩
②由第二段首句内容“最后，我们带他和我们一起回家”可知，第二段可描写作者带回家后所发生的事情Stephen.续写线索决定收养——告诉丈夫——同意——孩子们接受2Stephen.词汇激活行为类3
①决定decide/determine
②告诉tell/inform
③点头nod/give thenod
④接受accept/take情绪类
①高兴地:happily/delightedly
②热情地warmly/fervidly【点睛】[高分句型1]Although Ihad threechildren ofmy ownand amodestfamilyincome,I decidedto adoptthe boy.（由引导的让步状语从句）although[高分句型2]I toldmy husbandwhatIthought,and heimmediately agreed,saying,HThat,s exactlywhatIwantedtotellyou.（由引导的宾语从句，现在分词作状语，引导的表语从句）what whatB.It willcover avariety ofareas ofscience.C.It willfocus onthe latestscience fiction.
19.What isthe differencebetween theTV showand traditionaldocumentariesA.It will be morefact-based.B.It willbe moreentertaining.C.It willbe moretrustworthy.
20.Who willbe thetarget audienceof theTV show第二部分阅A.Teenagers withstrong curiosity.B.Students whoare interestedin science.C.People whoare interestedin science.读（共两节，满分分）50第一节（共小题;每小题分，满分分）
152.
537.5阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中选出最佳选项A BC DA（）Summer Semesteris anoptional thirdsemester forUQ TheUniversity ofQueensland students,or anopportunity todiscovernew knowledgeand skillsfor non-UQ students.Each year,UQ hasa numberof coursesavailable forenrollment in the intensive8-week Summer Semester.Who canapplyAnyone isqualified to enroll in the Summer Semester,but pleasenote somecourses areonly available to currentstudents whoareenrolled ina UQdegree.Past applicantshave included:•current UQ students•students fromother universities,including internationalstudents•professionals•adults froma rangeof backgrounds•high-school studentsHow to applyIf you are a current UQ student,you canaccess yourstudent accountto enroll.If youreenrolled at another Australianuniversityand youwant toundertake acourse atUQ duringSummer Semesterfor credittowards yourprogram atyour homeinstitution,you shouldapply asa cross-institutional student.Before you apply,make sureyou getapproval fromyour homeuniversityand confirmyou canget creditfor yourUQ studies.Slimmer Semesterimportant datesDateEventMonday11September,2023SummerSemesterclass timetableavailabletostudentsTuesday31October,2023Application for cross-institutional enrollmentdueFriday10November,2023Due datefor enrollmentMonday27November,2023Classes commenceFriday8December,2023Last datefor additionor substitutionof coursesMonday18December,2023Due datefor paymentof feesand chargesHowto makea paymentSeethe Howto Paypage orcontact Student Central forinformation aboutpayment methods.
1.Which wordcan bestdescribe thepast applicantsof SummerSemesterA.Skilled.B.Young.C.Diverse.D.Competent.
2.How cana UQundergraduate studentapply forthe SummerSemesterA.By accessingthe Howto Paypage.B.By loggingonto thestudent account.C.By callingStudentCentral.D.By confirmingwith theprogram director.
3.What is an importanttiming for a non-UQstudentin particularA.31October,
2023.B.10November,
2023.C.8December,
2023.D.18December,
2023.BWhen youthink aboutit,food isan importantpart of our lives.Family gatheringscenter aroundfood and the celebrationofmajor lifeevents andmilestones involvesfood inone wayor another.The sameholds truefor ushere onthe SpaceStation.Food isimportantand endsup usuallybeing atopic ofdiscussion foralmost everycrew.The foodthat wehave here on ISShas tomeet manydifferent requirements.What aboutvariety Howdo youmeet all of the（物流）peculiarities of the peoplethat you come across,especially when they arefrom differentcultures What aboutthelogisticsof gettingthe rightfood hereat theright timeSo thereareacouple ofdifferent questionsyou haveto considerwhen youtalk aboutfoodand long-duration spaceflight.On the U.S.side wehave goneto astandard menu,meaning thatevery16days youstart overwith thesame menu.Tocompensate the crews,we areallowed topick onepreference^container whichconsists ofour pick of anything ontheU・S.menulist.This allowsus somevariety inour menu,with thechoices upto us.One of the desirableoptions forany crewis to（墨西哥玉米粉薄饼）make surethat enoughtortillas geton board.You cando so much witha tortilla;it becomesthe vehiclewithwhich toeat almost anything.Our foodalso comespackaged inmany ways.But nomatter what the formof the food though,you stillhave thesame problemeatingit--you donot wantit flyingawayfromyou andmaking amess whenyou openit up.In thiscase alittle bitof extrawater isextremelyhelpful.It keepsthefoodkind ofsticking togetherand to the packageandto your spoon.Small thingsdo escapefrom timeto time,but wereally tryhard tominimize therandom flyingfood problem.That isenough fornow!Next timeI willwrite about howto cook in space.
4.Where isthe textmost probablytaken fromA.A foodmagazine.B.An astronaut9s journal.C.A sci-fi handbook.D.A spacehistory website.
5.What doesthe underlinedword peculiaritiesmean inparagraph2A.Ambitious targets.B.Similar requests.C.Unusual habits.D.Harsh conditions.
6.What isthe author9s purposein mentioningtortillasA.To illustratethe preference container.B.To givean exampleof standardmenu.C.To advocatetortillas to the readers.D.To showthe varietyof foodoptions.
7.What can be inferredabout eatingin space
1.Food packagingis optional.B.Sufficient waterhelps transportfood.C.Flying food problem isunavoidable.D.Eating inspace iseasier thanmost imagine.CDuring thepast severalyears,fake news has beenafrequent topic of real news,with articlesconsidering therole of social media in spreading fake news.Something lesswell-known,though,is thatfake newshas also become atopic ofscientific investigation.In apaper publishedin Marchin thejournal Science.David Lazer,Matthew Baumand14co-authors considerwhat wedo anddontknow aboutthe scienceof fake news.They definefake newsas made-up informationthat imitatesnews inform but not inprocessor intention”.（保守的）The papermakes apersuasive casethat theinvestigation of fake news is timelyand important.One conservativeestimateis thatin themonth beforethe2016election,the averageAmerican wasexposed tosomewhere betweenone and threearticles froma knownpublisher offake news.Another alarmingresult is that whenit comesto politicaltopics,tweets containingfalse information spread more rapidly and broadly on Twitter than those containing reliable information.Researchers mentionedinthepaper thatintheface offake newsand itsspreading bysocial andother formsof media,A newsystemof safeguardsis needed.But whatkinds ofsafeguards canindividual newsconsumers putinto placeThe simplisticansweris“bemorereflective^.Dont believeeverything youread,but considerthe possibilitythat itsfalse.We need to fosterstandards ofdiscussionin whichits OKto challengewhat others say withoutthe conversationimmediately turninginto abuse.The mosteffectivelab meetingsare likethat:If someonedisagrees with the presenter,they sayso ina politeway.And bydoing so,they mightbesaving thepresenter fromembarrassment inamorepublic forum.A communitythat encouragesindividuals topoint outwhenstatements arefalse orunclear benefitseverybody byhelping detect the truth.In thelong run,the truthwill winout.Our preferredsociety encouragesthe truthto winout beforegreat damageis done.
8.What canwe inferfrom thethird paragraphA.The investigationproved fake newsispersuasive.
8.The spreadoffake newshasbecome analarming issue.C Theuse ofsocial mediamight helpfake newsto spread.D.Fake newson politicaltopics receivedmore attention.
9.What safeguardis suggestedto individualsaccording tothe passageA.Reflecting onwhat youread.B.Neglecting thefalse information.C.Challenging whatotherssay.D.Helping othersdetectthe truth.
10.What isthe authorsattitude tothe futureof newsA.Skeptical.B.Unclear.C.Indifferent.D.Optimistic.
11.Which of the followingcan bethe besttitle forthe passageA.Do NotBelieve inEverything B.The TruthWill FinallyWin OutC.The TruthAbout FakeNews D.The Spreadingof FakeNewsDAs studentsreturn toschool thisfall,many of them—perhaps especiallythose fromhistorically disadvantagedstudent groups-willbestarting theacademic yearwith achievementlevels lowerthan wherethey wereat thebeginning of summer break.Thisphenomenon is sometimes refeiredto as summer learning loss.We reviewwhat isknown about summer lossand offersuggestionsfor schoolslooking to solve the problem.The recentstudies onsummer losshave beenrather comprehensive.One studyfound thatstudents,on average,lost between25-30percent oftheir school-year learningover thesummer;additionally,black andLatino studentstended togain lessover theschoolyear and lose more over thesummer comparedto whitestudents.However,an analysisofthenational studyfound littleevidence of overall loss over the summers after grades K and1,and thesummer loss gaps widened in some subjects and grades but not others.Von Hippeland Hamrockre-analyzed twoearlier datasetsand concluded that gapsMonot necessarily...grow fastestover thesummer”.Thus,it seemssummer lossoccurs,though notuniversally across geography,grade level,or subject.Schools wantto addressthe issueof summer learning lossnot onlybecause it may widenachievement gaps,but alsobecauseifwastes^so muchoftheknowledge studentshave gainedduring theschool year.Summer lossalso undoubtedly increases theamountof timeteachers haveto spendre-teachingTast yearscontent.Traditionally,educators andpolicymakers haverelied onconventional summer school programsto solvesummer learning loss.Not surprisingly,research suggeststhat programs are moreeffective when students attendconsistently andspend moretime ontaskacademically.Regardless ofthe design,these policiesshould offerengaging optionsfor studentsover thesummer sothat summerlearningprograms donot feellike punishmentfor studentswho wouldrather beenjoying summervacation.Doing sowould setmorestudents upfor successastheschool yeargets underway.
12.In writingparagraph1,the authoraims to.A.propose adefinition B.makeacomparisonC.present anissue D.make anargument
13.According tothe studies,what dowe knowaboutsummerlearning lossA.Summer learningloss seemedto varyin gradesand subjects.B.Immigrant studentsexperienced themost summer loss.C.White studentsdid notlose learningover thesummer.D.Summer learningloss aftergrades Kand1was alarming.
14.According tothe fourthparagraph,schools wantto solvetheproblembecause.A.it maynarrow achievementgaps B.it maystop studentsgaining moreknowledgeC.it mayincrease teachers9new teachingcontent D.itmaycause repetitivework forteachers
15.What doesthe authorthink ofsummerschool programsA.The conventionalprogramsareineffective.B.More choicesshould beprovided for students.C.Students shoulddo moreacademic tasks.D.The programsare punishmentfor students.第二节（共小题;每小题分，满分分）
52.
512.5阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项Are youan elementaryor highschool studentwith allkinds ofinvention ideasYou mightnot knowwhat todo with allof theseideas orhow toturn theminto workableinventions.16Identify aproblem worthsolving.Look at the worldaround you and askyourself:What couldwork betterWhat taskcould bedone betteror fasterWhat annoysyou and how could you fix it17Not everyidea willbe agreat onebut dontbe afraidto thinkoutside thebox.Draft youridea.Draw outa basicillustration of what yourinvention willlook like.18List thetypes ofmaterials youwould useto buildthefinished project.Dont hesitateto makemultiple draftsofthesame designuntil youare satisfiedwith theresult.19You dontneed to use thehighest qualitymaterials,but simplyones thatwill giveyoua functional working device.Trychecking second-hand storesand yardsales forparts thatyou canuse.This willbe muchmore cost-effective andyou willalso beeco-friendly.Build yourinvention.If you willbeworking withpower toolsor otherdangerous materials,you willlikely needadult supervision.Ask your parentswhen theyhave enoughfree timeto sitdown withyou andstart building.20After everythingis completed,its timeto testout andmarket yourinvention.If itturns outwell-received,you mayeven haveyourinvention patentedand mass-produced downthe road.A.Or turnto yourolder peersif theycan help you out as well.B.If youenjoy creatingthings,you mayconsider becomingan inventor.C.With someplanning andpractice,you canmake these ideas into a working device.D.Be creativewith your ideas.E.Gather the necessary materials.F.Look around your homefor recycledmaterials thatyou maybe ableto use.G.Make notesabout howvarious pieceswill gotogether.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分分）30第一节（共小题;每小题分，满分分）15115阅读下面短文，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项A BC D（跋:步）Rain orshine,a Tibetanmailman,Tsering Chopatreks for long hours to delivermail.Pumachangthang inTibet,Chinas highesttownship,has very21oxygen leveland theannual averagetemperature is-7℃.However,these werentthe biggestchallenges fbra22service.A single23to allthe sixvillages ofless than2,000people canbe aslong as160km.The extraordinary24required undersuch conditionsneeds nofurther explanation.The25time forTsering Chopais betweenJulyand Augusteach year,whenstudentsare waitingfor their26letters fromvarious（询universities.He recallsone summerhe hadto delivermail toone studentwhose familyhad alreadymoved away.He hadto quiz问）neighbors severaltimesforthenew27,Even thoughthe roadtothevillage was28because ofrain,he trekkedfbr morethan20km tofinally deliverthe letter.I dontmind the
29.because itwas my30to deliverthe mailon time,“he says.One nightin February,2019,alocalresident NyimaTseringsdaughterhad faintedand31needed help.Knowing that,the mailman32a carrightawayandsenthertothecountyhospital.He alsogave some33tothefamily forthe girlstreatmentto helpherrecovery.In2019,Tsering Chopa34the ChinaYouth MayFourth Medal.And hesays,“Itisagreat35of whatI doand asymbol ofencouragementaswell,to bringthe worldcloser tothem andtake themcloser tothe world.”
21.A.intense B.light C.high D.low
22.A.postal B.consulting C.domestic D.public
23.A.flight B.holiday C.trip D.choice
24.A.diligence B.perseverance C.creativity D.curiosity
25.A.busiest B.best C.fastest D.earliest
26.A.application B.recommendation C.admission D.proposal
27.A.name B.address C.idea D.explanation
28.A.blocked B.widened C.extended D.smoothed
29.A.letters B.benefits D.hardshipsC.potentials
30.A.opportunity B.responsibility D.secretC.ability
31.A.originally B.possibly D.desperatelyC.gradually
32.A.hoped forB.kept offD.pulled overC.arranged for
33.A.bills B.changes D.comfortC.cash
34.A.received B.missed D.competed forC.declined
35.A.requirement B.attitude D.acknowledgmentC.gratitude第二节（共小题;每小题分，满分分）
101.515阅读下面短文，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1Since thesummer of2022,a26-year-old Shanghairesident36name ChenJiaorong has been walkingalongJulu Roadin Shanghai9s downtownarea onceor twicea week,looking aroundand pickingupttgarbage,\After heraction wasnoticedonline,she wasdescribed byothers37a“stooper”.The wordstoop“means tobend fbrward,,38intheUnited States,it alsorefers toa platformor entrancestairway toa house.9The termstooper“was coinedintheUS afteralotof peopleput theirused orunderused39belong infront oftheir doorstepsto betakenaway forfree bythose inneed.Later,stooping wasextended tomean pickingup abandoneditems and40recycle them”.As thefirst stooperin China,Chen had41she ownapproach.She pickedunused goodstohelpfind suitablenew ownersforsome items.When she42spot suchabandoned goods,she puta pairof eyeball-shaped stickerson thembefore publishingnotes onhersocial mediaaccounts,and guidingothers43pick themup fromthe streets.Although“stooping”isa44relative newword inChina,now,people aregradually advocating45savings-based consumption and environment-friendly lifestyleinstead ofblindly pursuingluxurious expense.And moreyoung第四部分写作共两节，满分分第一节满分分people arejoining theranks ofstooping”
4015.假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节，请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友参加，内容包括46Allen.活动时间和地点；
1.活动安排；2,欢迎他表演节目3注意写作词数应为左右；
1.
80.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2,请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答3Dear Allen,Yours sincerely,Li Hua第二节满分分阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
2547.As anurse atthe cancercare centerwhere Iveworked forseven years,ril doalmostanythingto makea patientfeel better.Butwhen Imet Pattyatthe center,in2011she didntwant myhelp.,She wasa tiny44-year-old singlemom battlingan aggressivehead andneck cancer.Unlike many ofourother patients,Pattywas aloneduring hertreatment,but nomatter whatI did.I couldntget herto openup.She justburied herselfin bookor pulledablanket overher headto fendoff conversation.Eventually Ihit ona reliableway tomake Pattysmile:mentioning hernine-year-old son,Stephen.Shed tellme howwell hedidin school,how hedbeen selectedto reada poemhe wroteatalocal bookstore.She desperatelywantedtolive forhim.With threekidsmyself,I totallyunderstood howshe felt.After ayear anda halfof treatment,in August2012,Patty wastold hercancer hadspread,and Ilearned shewouldnt livemuchlonger.My firstthought was,Whats goingto happento Stephen^^Nurses atthe centershared storiesat theirmeetings abouthow brightand unusualthe boywas.butnoone seemedto knowhowto resolvethe issueofwhatwould happento himwhen hismom died.My husband,Michael,who tooworks atthecenter,startedhearing aboutPatty andStephen.One morningin October,Patty quietlyslipped away.Michael andI pickedStephen upafter school,drove himtoanearby park,and satonabench bya pond.I finallymanaged tosay,Stephen,were sorryto havetotellyou this,but yourmom cameto anendthis morning.The soundthat cameout ofhis mouthwas likenothing Idever heardbefore.This skinnylittle guysat betweenthe（哀号）注意two ofus andjust wailedand wailed.It wasas ifhis wholeworld wasjust destroyed.续写词数应为左右；
1.
150.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答2Something insideme wastelling mewhat todo.Finally,we tookhim homewith us.湖南师大附中级高三摸底考试试卷英语2021第二部分阅读（共两节，满分分）50A【答案】
1.C
2.B
3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文文章介绍了澳大利亚昆士兰大学夏季学期课程申请的相关信息【题详解】1推理判断题根据部分中Who canapply“Past applicantshave included:current UQstudents,students fromother universities,（过去的申请者包括including internationalstudents,professionals,adults froma rangeof backgrounds,high-school students昆士兰大学在读学生，来自其他大学的学生（包括国际学生），专业人士，来自不同背景的成年人,高中生）”可知，过去的申请者是各种各样的因此，背景多样可以概括其特征故选项C【题详解】2细节理解题根据部分中（如Howtoapply“If youareacurrentUQstudent,you canaccess yourstudent accounttoenroll.果你现在是昆士兰大学的学生，你可以访问你的学生账户注册）”可知，昆士兰大学本科生通过登录学生账户申请故选项B【题详解】3细节理解题根据SummerSemesterimportant dates表格中u Applicationforcross-institutional enrollmentdue（跨机构招生申请截止）”对应的（年月日星期二）”可知，对于非昆士兰大学的学生来说，Tuesday31October,202320231031年月日是一个特别重要的时间点故选项20231031AB【答案】
4.B
5.C
6.A7,C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章介绍了太空饮食中食物种类、食物包装等的相关内容【题详解】4推理判断题根据第一段中的.（对于在空间站的我们而言也是如此）”，“The sameholds truefor ushereonthe SpaceStation以及最后一段中的（下次我会写一写在太空烹饪的事情”可以得知，“Next timeI willwrite abouthow tocookinspace.本文以第一人称来陈述太空饮食方面的内容，因此本文应该是一篇宇航员的太空日志故选B【题详解】5词义猜测题第二段第一句提到“The foodthat wehave hereon ISShas tomeet manydifferent requirements.Whataboutvariety（我们在国际空间站上的食物必须满足许多不同的要求多样性怎么样？）以及后文中the peoplethatyoucomeacross,especially whenthey arefrom differentcultures（当你遇到不同文化背景的人时）由此判断，在太空中可能会遇见文化习俗不一样的宇航员，每一个人的习惯都有可能不一样的，对于“你”可能是很正常的，但是对于别人而言有可能不寻常，因此可以得知,的意思应是“不寻常的习惯”故选peculiarities C【题详解】6推理判断题第三段第
二、三句提到“To compensatethecrews,we areallowed topick onepreference^container whichconsistsof ourpickofanythingontheU.S.menu list.This allowsus somevariety inour menu,withthechoices uptous.”（为了补偿机组人员，我们可以选择一个“偏好”集装箱，其中包括我们在美国菜单上选择的任何东西这让我们在菜单上有了一些多样性，选择由我们自己决定）可以得知，美国宇航员在太空中更喜欢吃玉米粉薄饼，因此作者提到的用意是举例解释宇航员们的（偏好食盒）”故选tortillas“preferencecontainerA【题详解】7推理判断题根据最后一段中的uSmall thingsdo escapefrom timetotime,but wereally tryhard tominimize therandom flying.（细小食物的确时不时逃逸出来，但我们尽力把食物乱飞的情况降至最低）”可以得知，食物乱飞的情foodproblem况是不可避免的故选CC【答案】
8.B
9.A
10.D
11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章指出假新闻已成为科学调查的一个主题并且详细阐述了在发表的一篇文章中学者对于假新闻的定义、假新闻研究的及时性和重要性以及个人应该如何应对假新闻【题详解】8推理判断题在第三段中“The papermakes apersuasive casethat theinvestigation offake newsis timelyand important.One（保守的）conservative estimateis thatinthemonth beforethe2016election,the averageAmerican wasexposed tosomewherebetween oneandthreearticles froma knownpublisher offakenews.Another alarmingresult isthat whenit comesto politicaltopics,.（这篇tweets containingfalseinformationspreadmorerapidlyandbroadlyonTwitterthanthosecontainingreliableinformation文章提出了一个有说服力的案例，说明对假新闻的调查是及时和重要的一个保守的估计是，在年大选前的一个月，2016普通美国人接触到一到三篇来自知名假新闻出版商的文章另一个令人担忧的结果是，当涉及政治话题时，包含虚假信息的推文比包含可靠信息的推文在上传播得更快、更广泛）”首句表明该论文呈现了假新闻调查的及时性和重Twitter要性，随后用两个事例来说明假新闻事件的严重性第一个例子是在年大选前的一个月里，美国人平均接触到已2016知的假新闻发布者的到篇文章另一个例子是当涉及政治话题时，含有虚假信息的推文比含有可靠信息的推文在推13特上传播得更快更广由此可推知假新闻的传播已经成为一个令人担忧的问题故选I,B【题详解】9细节理解题根据第四段中的“But whatkinds ofsafeguards canindividual newsconsumers putinto placeThe simplisticanswer.（但是，新闻消费者个人可is“bemorereflective”.Dont believeeverything youread,but considerthe possibilitythat itsfklse以采取什么样的保障措施呢？最简单的答案是‘多反思不要相信你读到的一切，而要考虑到它是假的可能性）”可知，面对新闻，个人能够采取的保障措施就是“多反思”，不要轻易相信所读到内容，而是要多考虑，多反思读到的内容是否是假新闻故选A【题详解】10推理判断题根据最后一段“In thelong run,the truthwill winout.Our preferredsociety encouragesthetruthto winout beforegreatdamage isdone.（从长远来看，真相终将获胜我们所爱的社会鼓励真相在造成巨大损害之前获胜）”可知，尽管有很多的假新闻，但是作者认为真相终将胜出，我们这个社会，会在巨大损害形成之前，帮助真理胜出；由此可知，作者对于新闻发展的未来的态度是积极的、乐观的故选D【题详解】11主旨大意题第一段“During thepast severalyears,fakenewshasbeena frequenttopic ofrealnews,with articlesconsidering theroleofsocialmediainspreadingfakenews.Something lesswell-known,though,isthatfakenewshas alsobecome atopicof（在过去的几年里，假新闻一直是真实新闻中频繁出现的话题，有文章考虑到社交媒体在传播假新scientific investigation.闻中的作用然而，不太为人所知的是，假新闻也已成为科学调查的一个主题）”引入话题,说明假新闻也已成为科学调查的一个主题；下文详细阐述了有关假新闻研究的一篇文章中学者对于假新闻的定义、假新闻研究的及时性和重要性以及个人应该如何应对假新闻；由此可知，文章主要介绍了一篇假新闻研究论文中所阐述的有关假新闻的一些事实由此可知，选项（关于假新闻的真相）”符合文章主旨，最适合作为本文的标题故选C“TheTruth AboutFakeNewsCD【答案】
12.C
13.A
14.D
15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章介绍了在暑假期间，学生可能存在知识遗忘的情况，这一现象也会影响后续教学效果【题详解】12推理判断题文章第一段提到“As studentsreturn toschool thisfall,manyofthem-perhaps especiallythose fromhistoricallydisadvantaged studentgroups-willbestarting theacademic yearwith achievementlevels lowerthan wherethey wereatthe（今年秋天，当学生们返校时，beginning ofsummer break.This phenomenonissometimesreferred toassummerlearningloss.”他们中的许多人一一尤其是那些历史上处于不利地位的学生群体一一将以比暑假开始时更低的成绩开始新学年这种现象有时被称为夏季学习损失）作者通过呈现这一现象来引入话题由此可知，作者写第一段的作用是呈现问题，故选C【题详解】13细节理解题第二段提到“One studyfound thatstudents,on average,lost between25-30percent oftheir school-year learningoverthe summer;additionally,black andLatino studentstended togain lessover theschool yearandlosemoreover the summercomparedto whitestudents.v（一项研究发现，学生在夏季平均损失了25-30%的学年学习内容;此外，与白人学生相比，黑人和拉丁裔学生在整个学年中收获较少，在夏季损失更多）和第三段提到“an analysisofthenational studyfound littleevidenceofoveralllossover thesummersaftergradesKand1,and thesummerlossgapswidenedinsomesubjectsandgradesbut（幼儿园和一年级学生几乎没有出现整体的暑期学习损失，不过学生的暑期学习损失在某一些科目和年级中notothers.”差异较为明显）因此得出结论“Von Hippeland Hamrockre-analyzed twoearlier datasets andconcludedthatgaps“do notnecessarily...grow fastestoverthesummer.Thus,it seemssummerlossoccurs,though notuniversallyacrossgeography,grade level,（和重新分析了前两组数据并得出结论差距“不一定……在夏季增长最快”）因此，or subject.Von HippelHamrock暑期学习似乎是存在的，尽管在地理、年级或科目上并不完全一致可知，夏季学习损失似乎因年级和科目而异故选A【题详解】14细节理解题第四段提至Li uSchools wantto addressthe issueofsummerlearninglossnot onlybecause itmay widenachievementgaps,but alsobecause ifwastes^somuchoftheknowledge studentshave gainedduring theschool year.Summer lossalsoundoubtedlyincreasesthe amountof timeteachers haveto spend”re-teaching“last yearscontent.v（学校希望解决暑期学习损失的问题，不仅因为它可能会扩大成绩差距，还因为它“浪费”了学生在学年中获得的大量知识毫无疑问，夏季缺课也增加了教师“重新教授”去年课程内容的时间）由此判断暑假学习损失会导致教师的重复授课，让老师在秋季学期开始的时候重新讲授之前的知识故选D【题详解】15推理到明题最后——段提至『J fTraditionally,educators andpolicymakers haverelied onconventional summerschoolprograms（传统上，教育工作者和政策制定者依靠传统的暑期学校项目来解决暑期学习损失问题）tosolvesummerlearningloss.Regardless ofthe design,these policiesshould offerengaging optionsfor studentsoverthesummer sothat summerlearning（无论设计如何，这些政programs donot feellike punishmentforstudentswho wouldrather beenjoying summervacation.“策都应该为学生在暑假期间提供有吸引力的选择，这样暑期学习计划就不会让那些宁愿享受暑假的学生感到受惩罚）由此判断，作者认为应该给学生更多的选择让学生既能保证学习效果，又能好好享受假期故选B第二节（共小题;每小题分，满分分）
52.
512.5【答案】
16.C
17.D
18.G
19.E
20.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要为有各种发明想法的小学生或中学生提供一些建议以帮助他们更好地进行发明【题详解】16根据空前“Are youan elementaryor highschool studentwithallkinds ofinvention ideasYou mightnot knowwhat todo withall（你是一个有各种发明想法的小学生或中学生吗？你可能不知道oftheseideas orhow toturn theminto workableinventions.如何处理所有这些想法，或者如何将它们变成可行的发明）”可知，上文讲述的是虽然有想法，但是小学生或中学生可能不知道如何处理所有这些想法，或者如何将它们变成可行的发明选项C“With someplanning andpractice,you canmake.（通过一些计划和练习,你可以把这些想法变成可行的方法）”承上启下，既承接上文theseideasinto aworkingdevice说明将想法变成发明有困难，同时引出下文具体的建议故选C【题详解】17根据空前内容“Look atthe worldaroundyouand askyourself:What couldwork betterWhat taskcould bedone betteror faster（看看你周围的世界，问问自己什么能做得更好？什么任务可以做得更好或What annoysyouandhowcouldyoufixit更快？什么让你烦恼？你如何解决它？）”可知，上文建议要问问自己，以找出值得研究的方向选项D“Be creativewith（要有创意）”延续上文内容，指的都是想法或研究方向要有创意故选【题详解】yourideasD18根据空前（画出你的发明将会是什么样子的基本插图）“Draw outa basicillustration ofwhat yourinvention willlook like.”以及空后内容（列出你将用于完成项目的材料类型）”“List thetypes ofmaterials youwould useto buildthe finishedproject.可知，本段讲述的是画出发明的草图选项.（记下不同的部分如G“Make notesabouthowvarious pieceswill gotogether何搭配）”符合上下文内容，指的都是画出发明的草图故选G【题详解】19空处为小标题，为本段主要内容根据下文“You dontneedtouse thehighest qualitymaterials,but simplyones thatwill giveyouafunctionalworkingdevice.Try checkingsecond-hand storesand yardsales fbrparts thatyou canuse.This willbe muchmore（你不需要使用最高质量的材料，只需要那些能给你一个功能性工作装置的cost-effective andyou willalsobeeco-friendly.材料试着在二手商店和庭院销售中寻找你可以使用的零件这将是更划算的，你也将是环保的）”可知，本段主要讲述的是如何找寻发明所需的材料选项（收集必要的材料）”与本段内容一致，故E Gatherthenecessarymaterials.选E【题详解】20根据空前内容“Ifyouwillbeworking withpower toolsor otherdangerous materials,youwilllikely needadult supervision.Ask.（如果你将使用电动工具或其他危险材yourparentswhentheyhave enoughfree timeto sitdown withyouandstart building料，你可能需要成年人的监督问问你的父母，他们什么时候有足够的空闲时间坐下来和你一起开始建造）”可知，上文讲述的是如果需要使用电动工具或其他危险材料，则需要有成年人的监督，可以询问自己的父母是否有空选项A.（或者向年长的人求助，如果他们也能帮助你）”是上文内“Or turntoyourolder peersifthey canhelpyououtaswell容的延续，指的是既可以询问父母，也可以向年长的人求助故选A第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分分）30【答案】
21.D
22.A
23.C
24.B
25.A
26.C
27.B
28.A
29.D
30.B
31.D
32.C
33.C
34.A
35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文文章讲述了世界之巅的快递小哥一一邮递员次仁曲巴在恶劣条件下不畏艰辛，按时投递邮件并乐于助人的事迹【题详解】21考查形容词词义辨析句意西臧的普玛江塘是中国海拔最高的乡镇，氧气含量很低，年平均气温为-十7℃A.intense分强烈的，严肃紧张的；明亮的,浅色的；高的;低的根据句中的以及常识B.light C.high D.low“Chinas highesttownship可知，普玛江塘作为中国海拔最高的乡镇，氧气含量很低故选D【题详解】22考查形容词词义辨析句意然而，这些还不是邮政服务面临的最大挑战邮政的；咨询的，顾问A.postal B.consulting的；国内的，家用的；公众的，大众的根据上文C.domestic D.public“Rain orshine,a Tibetanmailman,Tsering Chopatreks（跋涉）以及第二段中forlonghoursto delivermail.“The5time forTseringChopaisbetween JulyandAugusteachyear,whenstudentsarewaitingfor their6letters fromvarious universities.He recallsonesummerhehadtodelivermailtoonestudentwhosefamilyhadalready movedaway.v可知，止匕句阐述了恶劣环境给普玛江塘邮政服务带来的困难故选A题详解】[23考查名词词义辨析句意到这个人口不足人的村庄，单程行程可能长达公里航班，飞行；62000160A.flight B.holiday假日,度假期；旅行,出行；选择根据上文（跋涉）以C.trip D.choice“TseringChopatreks forlonghourstodelivermail/及句中canbe as longas160kmv可知本句说明的是到这个村庄旅途较远，长达160公里故选Co【题详解】24考查名词词义辨析句意在这种条件下所需要非凡毅力无需进一步解释勤奋；毅力，不A.diligence B.perseverance屈不挠的精神；造力，独创性；好奇心根据上文C.creativity D.curiosity“Pumachangthang inTibet,Chinas highesttownship,has very1oxygen levelandtheannual averagetemperature is-7℃.However,these werentthebiggest challengesfora2service.A single__________3to allthe sixvillages ofless than2,000people canbeaslongas可知，艰苦的条件使这儿的邮递员需要非凡的毅力故选160km.”B【题详解】25。
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