还剩18页未读，继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览，全部文档请下载后查看！喜欢就下载吧，查找使用更方便
文本内容:
学年第一次全市联考2022-2023高三英语试卷本试卷满分120分，考试时间为100分钟第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项The BestEco-Friendly GiftsFor the eco-conscious,weve roundedup ourfavorite eco-friendly giftsto sendto yourlove.Reusable ProduceBags Price:$33Website:Sears,comThis packof sevenreusable bagsare plasticfree and made from100percent biodegradablecotton.The setincludesone cottonnet bag,three producebags,and threefood bag.Double stitchingand durableseams meanthese bagsare builttolast,and theyremachine washablefor easycleaning.Wood Bookmarkswith TasselsPrice;$25Website:Etsy.comTeachers oftenlike tohand outsmall giftsto studentsat theend of the year,and thisset ofwooden bookmarksis asustainable,affordable way to letstudents knowyou care.Plus,theyre a great reminderto readover holidaybreaks!Thebookmarks come with colorfultassels as well,making it easy tomark yourplace whilereading.Personalized NotebookPrice:$13Website:Journal,comThis customizablejournal isagreatgift tojot downnotes,used as a dailythought journal,or as a placeto keeptravelmemories oreven grocerylists.The coveris madefrom eco-friendly heavycotton paper.The pagesare recycledcartridgepaper thafs perfect forfountain pensand inkaswell as othermedia.Greener BambooCutting BoardPrice:$90Website:Amazon,comThis bamboocutting boardis naturallybacteria resistantand madefrom100percent Mosobamboo thafsgrown inorganicsoil.One sideof the board hasa deepjuice-catching groovethafsperfectfbr capturingjuices asyou cut.Aftercutting,simply fliptheboardto theother sidefor abeautiful presentationlarge enoughfor veggiearrangements,watermelon,and more.每个人来说都很难，项“无论你是孩子还是成年人”承接上文，符合语境空前的是提示词A everyone故选Ao上文
2.“For parents,its reallyimportant toknow thatits verynormal fbrtheir childrento have a wholerange offeelings（对于父母来说，知道孩子们about going back to school—from excitement,to anxietyand sadness,to evenanger.对返校有各种各样的感受一一从兴奋、焦虑、悲伤，甚至愤怒，是很正常的是非常重要的”提到，对父母来说，很重要的一点是，知道孩子对重返学校有各种各样的感受是很正常的再结合空后一句“They mighthave stomachachesor headaches when thinking about returning to school in September.And thatsall（九月开学时，他们可能会胃痛或头痛这些也都是正常的”可知，他们可能会出现胃痛或头痛，normal,too.这也很正常可推断项“对于一些孩子来说，那些感觉甚至可能是身体上的符合语境，从心理上的反应过D渡到身体上的反应，承上启下，符合语境故选D上文“
3.One of the bestways toease into a newroutine isto helpthe childrenfocus onwhat they are lookingforward（进入新生活的最好方法之一就是帮助孩子们专注于他们所期待的事情）”提到，让孩子适应新常规的最好方to法之一就是帮助孩子专注于他们所期待的事情，因此推断项“而不是让他们感到紧张的事情上”承接上文，B与上文形成对比，符合语境故选B
4.根据下文u Walking or biking by the school can help.Hanging outwith a kid whosgoing to be in the samegrade isa（步行或骑自行车到学校可以有所帮助和将要上同一年级的孩子一起出去玩是缓better wayto relieveanxiety.解焦虑的更好方法）”提到了两种缓解压力的办法，这些是提前让孩子适应学校的方法再结合选项可知，F项“此外，在开学前适应新环境也是一个好主意”可引出下文的解释故选F空后一句
5.“If bedtimeis nowsuper late,or thereis nobedtime,try to move itan hourearlier every night leading up to（一位专家说“如果现在睡觉时间特别晚，或者根本没有睡觉时间，在你your first day ofschoolJ said anexpert.第一天上学之前，试着每天晚上提前一个小时）”提到睡眠问题以及解决办法，再结合空前一句中的getting可知，本段建议调整就寝时间，项“也建议孩子们应该在上学前一周将就寝时间调整到正常状态”enough sleepG承上启下，符合语境故选G第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的After graduationI managedto work at a news organization.As I was newto theworld of21I wasoften sentto finish22assignments,but I was eagerto23myself intough things.All Iwanted wasto makea24impression on my seniors.I25a senior colleague named Joy to let me follow him to hismeeting with a majorleader.Joy26me withrecording theprocess ontape.It wassimple,but Iwas
27.I.would learn a littleabouthow inter-views were done.、After wegot back to theoffice,Joy askedme to28the tapesfor editing.To my29they wereall blank!Was thisgoing tocost memy jobTears welledup in my eyes,with myhands30I didntknow howrd faceJoy.He had31me,but Idlet him down.I couldimagine himangry atmy32and askingme toleave.When Joy33and askedme for the tapes,I34and cried,apologetic andembarrassed.I thinkI savedthem,but.・.Isaid.However,Joy,with alot of35asajournalist,had strange36on hisface.He satdown andlooked mein theeye.Youhave to make37to learnhow you can dothe jobbetter nexttime,right”he smiled.、I staredat Joy
38.He taughtme themost importantlesson inmy life:Mistakes are39andwhat welearn fromthem iswhat40the courseof oursuccess.
21.A.reporting B.socializing C.writing D.communicating
22.A.heavy B.easy C.boring D.tiring23A.bury B.find C.express D.involve
24.A.general B.vivid C.positive D.subjective
25.A.dared B.reminded C.expected D.convinced
26.A.acquainted B.occupied C.assisted D.tasked
27.A.thrilled B.relaxed C.confused D.surprised
28.A.purchase B.replay C.make D.borrow
29.A.regret B.disappointment C.horror D.annoyance
30.A.raised B.trembling C.crossed D.freezing
31.A.trusted B.comforted C.persuaded D.warned
32.A.carelessness B.rudeness C.selfishness D.weakness
33.A.wandered B.arrived C.approached D.returned
34.A.held backB.broke downC.got awayD.gave in
35.A.experience B.qualities C.enthusiasm D.responsibilities
36.A.astonishment B.appreciation C.calmness D.hesitancy
37.A.decisions B.commitments C.statements D.errors
38.A.at heartB.in disbeliefC.by accidentD.with sorrow
40.A.changes B.perfects C.determines D.reflects【答案】21A
22.B
23.D
24.C
25.D
26.D
27.A
28.B
29.C
30.B
31.
39.A.controllable B.unacceptable C.predictable D.unavoidableA
32.A
33.C
34.B
35.A
36.C
37.D
38.B
39.D
40.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文讲述了作者是个新人，结果在录制录像带时，因为粗心导致磁带都是空白的作者非常恐慌，结果同事只是冷静地告诉作者要学会从错误中学习题详解】L21考查动词词义辨析句意由于我对报道的世界是新人，我经常被派去完成容易的任务，但我渴望参与到困难的事情中去报道；社交；写；交流根据上文A.reporting B.socializing C.writing D.communicating“workat a news可知，作者是记者，报道世界故选organization”A【题详解】22考查形容词词义辨析句意由于我对报道的世界是新人，我经常被派去完成容易的任务，但我渴望参与到困难的事情中去沉重的;容易的;无聊的；累人的根据上文A.heavy B.easy C.boring D.tiring“As Iwas newto theworldofv可知，作者是新人，所以被派去完成容易的任务故选B【题详解】23考查动词词义辨析句意由于我对报道的世界是新人，我经常被派去完成容易的任务，但我渴望参与到困难的事情中去埋葬；找至［|；表达；涉及根据后文A.bury B.find C.express D.involve“myself intough things”指参与到困难的事情中去故选D【题详解】24考查形容词词义辨析句意我只是想给我的上级留下一个好印象普遍的；生动的；general B.vivid积极的；客观的结合上文以及可知作者想要表现自己，想给上级留下一C.positive D.subjective“onmyseniors”个好印象故选C题详解】25考查动词词义辨析句意我说服了一位叫乔伊的高级同事让我跟他去见一位主要领导人敢；A.dared B.reminded提醒；期待；说服根据后文C.expected D.convinced aseniorcolleaguenamedJoytoletmefollowhimtohis meetingwith a majorleaderv可知，作者说服了同事带自己去见领导故选D【题详解】26考查动词词义辨析句意乔伊让我把这个过程录在磁带上熟悉；占据；帮A.acquainted B.occupied C.assisted助；委派任务根据后文可知，作者被委派了任务故选D.tasked“mewithrecording theprocess ontape”D【题详解】27考查形容词词义辨析句意很简单，但我很兴奋激动的；放松的；困惑的；A.thrilled B.relaxed C.confused惊讶的根据后文（我会学到一点关于采访是D.surprised“I wouldlearnalittle abouthow interviewsweredone.如何进行的）”可知，作者很兴奋自己可以学到东西故选A题详解】[28考查动词词义辨析句意我们回到办公室后，乔伊让我把磁带重放一遍以便编辑购买；A.purchase B.replay重播；制作；借来上文作者把过程录在磁带上，所以现在要重新播放来编辑故选C.make D.borrow B【题详解】29考查名词词义辨析句意令我恐惧的是，它们都是空白的！后悔；失望；恐A.regret B.disappointment C.horror惧；烦恼根据后文壳子，磁带都是空的，D.annoyance“they were allblank!Was thisgoing tocost memy job”作者很恐惧故选C【题详解】30考查动词词义辨析句意眼泪涌上了我的眼睛，我的手颤抖着，我不知道我该如何面对筹集；Joy A.raised颤抖；穿过；冻结根据上文可知,作者因为搞B.trembling C.crossed D.freezing“Tears welledup inmy eyes”砸了工作，双手颤抖故选B题详解】[31考查动词词义辨析句意他信任我，但我让他失望了信任；安慰；说服；A.trusted B.comforted C.persuaded警告根据后文可知,对方信任作者，作者却让对方失望了故选D.warned me,butT diethimdownAo【题详解】32考查名词词义辨析句意我可以想象他对我的粗心很生气，要我离开马虎；粗鲁；A.carelessness B.rudeness自私；虚弱根据上文可知,作者搞砸了工作，所以C.selfishness D.weakness“I couldimagine himangry atmy”是粗心故选A【题详解】33考查动词词义辨析句意当乔伊走过来问我要录像带时，我忍不住哭了起来，既抱歉又尴尬徘A.wandered徊；到达；靠近；返回根据后文指靠近作者来B.arrived C.approached D.returned“and askedme for the tapes”拿路翔带故选C【题详解】34考查动词短语辨析句意当乔伊走过来问我要录像带时，我情绪崩溃忍不住哭了起来，既抱歉又尴尬隐瞒；出故障，情绪崩溃；逃离;屈服根据后文可A.held backB.broke downC.gotaway D.gave in“and cried”知，作者情绪崩溃，哭了故选B【题详解】35考查名词词义辨析句意然而，乔伊作为一名记者有着丰富的经验，他的脸上却有一种奇怪的平静A.experience经历；品质；热情；责任根据上文可知B.qualities C.enthusiasm D.responsibilities“However,Joy,with alot of乔伊是经验丰富的记者故选A【题详解】36考查名词词义辨析句意然而，乔伊作为一名记者有着丰富的经验，他的脸上却有一种奇怪的平静A.惊讶；欣赏；冷静；犹豫根据后文astonishment B.appreciation C.calmness D.hesitancy“He satdown andlooked me乔伊的表现可知,他十分冷静故选in theeye.You havetomake”C题详解】[37考查名词词义辨析句意「你必须犯错误，学习下次如何能把工作做得更好，对吗？”他笑着说决A.decisions定；承诺；声明；错误根据后文可知，指从错误中学习把B.commitments C.statements D.errors“Mistakes are”工作做得更好故选D【题详解】38考查介词短语辨析句意我难以置信地盯着乔伊本质上；怀疑地；偶然；A.at heartB.in disbeliefC.by accident悲伤地作者本以为对方会发火，结果乔伊只是冷静地和作者讲道理，所以作者在难以置信故D.with sorrow选B【题详解】39考查形容词词义辨析句意他教会了我人生中最重要的一课错误是不可避免的，我们从中学到的东西决定了我们成功的道路可控制的；不可接受的；可预测的；A.controllable B.unacceptable C.predictable D.unavoidable不可避免的结合常识，犯错不可避免故选D【题详解】40考查动词词义辨析句意他教会了我人生中最重要的一课错误是不可避免的，我们从中学到的东西决定了我们成功的道路改变；完美;决定;反应根据后文A.changes B.perfects C.determines D.reflects“the courseof our可知，从错误中学到的东西决定了我们成功的道路故选success”C第二节共10小题；每小题L5分，满分15分阅读下面短文，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1Early detection of visualimpairment iscrucial41frequently missedin young children,who arecapable ofonlylimited cooperationwith standardvision tests.Recently Chinesescientists42develop asmartphone-based deeplearning systemfor earlydetectionofvisualimpairments inyoung children.43was reportedin theinternational sciencejournal NatureMedicine lastweek,theresearch was conducted bya team44lead byLin Haotian,45professor attheZhongshan OphthalmicCenter of the SunYat-sen University.The systemis designedto inducea steadygaze inchildren byusing cartoon-like videoimagery.Cameras capturefeaturesof thesubjects for46far analysis,using deep-learning models.For capableof identifying16ophthalmic47disorder,such ascongenital cataracts,congenital positsand congenitalglaucoma,the systemdelivers anaveragescreening48accurate ofmore than85percent,said thereport.In the study,more than25million framesof videosfrom3,652children were collected49base ondeep-learningsoftware usedin theTianhe-2super-computing centerin Guangzhou,Guangdong province.50consequent,the systemhas thepotential to be usedby healthcareprofessionals,parents andcaregivers foridentifyingyoungchildrenwith visualimpairments.【答案】
41.but
42.have developed
43.As
44.led
45.a
46.further
47.disorders
48.accuracy
49.based
50.Consequently【解析】【导语】本文是说明文文章主要介绍了近期中国科学家所开发的一项用来检测儿童视力衰退的系统【题详解】41考查连词句意早期发现视力损害是至关重要的，但在幼儿中经常被遗漏，他们只能有限地配合标准视力测试分析句子结构可知，空前的形容词和空后的谓语动词形成了意义上的转折，应用连接crucial ismissed but故填buto【题详解】42考查动词时态句意最近，中国科学家开发了一种基于智能手机的深度学习系统，用于早期发现幼儿视觉障碍分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以作本句谓语，根据时间状语可知应该用现develop Recently,在完成时，主语为复数故填scientists havedevelopedo【题详解】43考查定语从句句意国际科学杂志《自然医学》上周报道，这项研究是由中山大学中山眼科中心教授林浩天领导的团队进行的分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语成分，且位于主句前，表达“正如”之意，应该用引导，位于句首，首字母大写故填as As【题详解】44考查非谓语动词句意国际科学杂志《自然医学》上周报道，这项研究是由中山大学中山眼科中心教授林浩天领导的团队进行的分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词所以应该用非谓语形式，根wasconducted,lead据空后的可知，应该用过去分词表被动故填by led题详解】[45考查冠词句意国际科学杂志《自然医学》上周报道，这项研究是由中山大学中山眼科中心教授林浩天领导的团队进行的分析句子结构可知，为可数名词，句中用的单数，前应用不定冠词修饰,的发professor professor音为辅音音素开头，应用故填a a【题详解】46考查形容词句意通过深度学习模型，相机捕捉受试者的特征，以便进行进一步分析分析句子结构可知，空后是名词所以空处应填形容词，根据句意，此处表达“进一步分析”之意，应用的比较级analysis,far further故填furthero【题详解】47考查名词句意该报告称，该系统能够识别先天性白内障、先天性白内障和先天性青光眼等种眼科疾病，16平均筛查准确率超过分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词所以空处应填名词，意为“疾85%ophthalmic,disorder病”为可数名词，根据空前的应该用复数形式故填16,disorders【题详解】48考查名词句意该报告称，该系统能够识别先天性白内障、先天性白内障和先天性青光眼等种眼科疾病，16平均筛查准确率超过分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词所以空处应填名词，的名词形式85%screening,accurate是为不可数名词故填accuracy,accuracy【题详解】49考查非谓语动词句意在这项研究中，基于广东省广州市天河二号超级计算中心使用的深度学习软件，收集了名儿童的多万帧视频分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词所以应该用非谓36522500werecollected,base语形式，逻辑主语是两者间是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动，故填study,based【题详解】50考查副词句意因此，该系统有可能被医疗保健专业人员、父母和护理人员用于识别有视觉障碍的幼儿分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面整个句子，应该用副词修饰，的副词形式是位于句首，consequent consequently,首字母应大写故填Consequently第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文文中共有处语言错误，5110每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号
（八），并在其下面写出该加的词删除:把多余的词用斜线\划掉修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；:1,只允许修改处，多者从第处起不计分2io nTodayI triedcooking asimply dishmyself.I likeeating fryingtomatoes witheggs,and I thought itmust tobe easytocook.My momtold mehow topreparing it.First I cut the tomatoes into pieces butput them aside.Next I broke theeggsinto a bowl and beat them quickly withchopstick.After thatI pouredoil intoa panand turnedoff thestove,I waitedpatientlyunless theoil washot.Then Iput thetomatoes andthe beateneggs intopan together.n Notthat way,M my momtried tostop usbut failed.She wasright.It didntturn outas I had wished.siniply frying出让Icxhiy linedcooking amplc myselfI likeaiting friedlomataxx withegg%,mid IIhought preparingitmust“be easyto cook.My momtold mehow loPreParem FirstI cutbe lomatocsinto butchopslickpiecesand pmthemaside.Next Ibroke theeggs intoabowland beatthemquicklywith【答案】ofTthe sieve,I waitedpalicntly A.After thatI pouredoil intoa panand turnedunless、、〔until tillN oilWM hot,1,hcn Ipul thelomaloc andthe bculcriegg intohe pantogether.**NolIhal wny/-mymomtried Ioslop mebut ailedSbc wasrishi.It d»dn1lum oulas Ihad wished.【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了作者做西红柿炒鸡蛋的过程【详解】考查形容词句意今天我自己尝试做一道简单的菜根据名词可知，此处应用形容词作定语，L dish故将改为simply simpleo.考查非谓语动词句意我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋动词与之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去2fry tomatoes分词作定语，故将改为frying fried.考查情态动词用法句意并且我认为它一定很简单是情态动词，后接动词原形，多余，故将去3must tt掉.考查非谓语动词句意我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜分析句子可知，不定式”作的宾语，4“how+told to是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将改为preparing prepareo.考查连词句意首先我把西红柿切成块，并把它们放在一边与之5Icutthetomatoesintopiecesput themaside间是并列关系，应使用连接，故将改为and butand.考查名词复数句意下一步我把鸡蛋打到一个碗里，然后用筷子快速搅拌是可数名词，意为6chopstick“筷子”,通常以复数形式出现，故将改为chopstick chopsticks.考查介词句意之后我把油倒进一个平底锅,然后开火根据及常识可知，把油倒进7I pouredoil intoa pan锅里后应是打开炉子，所以此处应使用短语故将改为turn on,off n.考查连词句意我耐心等待，直到油烧热此处是指“直到”油烧热，应使用引导时间状语从句，8until/till故将改为unless until/tillo.考查冠词句意然后我把西红柿和打好的鸡蛋一起放进平底锅此处特指上文提到的所以其前应加定9pan,冠词故在前the,pan the.考查代词句意“不是那样我的妈妈尽力阻止我，但是失败了根据上文可知，是作者一个人做菜,此10处指妈妈尽力阻止“我应使用第一人称单数的宾格，故将改为us me第二节书面表达（满分25分）.假定你是某高中学生会主席李华，在你校即将举行的外籍学生欢迎会上，作为学生代表就如何学好中文发言，52请写一篇题为的发言稿内容包括Learn to speak Chinese,Learn tosing Chinesesongs.对新生表示欢迎；
1.介绍学习中文的好方法；
2.表达祝愿
3.注意词数左右，题目已经给出，不计入字数；
1.100可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
2.Learn toSpeak Chinese,Learn toSing ChineseSongsHello,everyone!Thank you!【答案】Learn toSpeak Chinese,Learn toSing ChineseSongsHello,everyone!Im LiHua,chairman of the Students9Union.Its mygreat honortobehere andextend awarm welcome to youonbehalf of the wholestudents.From today,you willbe asenior highschool studentin ourschool andstart younew lifein China.You aresupposedto leaveyour nativelanguage asideand tryevery momentto speak Chinese andsurround yourselfwith Chineselanguage.In theprocess,only byemerging yourselfin Chineseconditions willyou getthe hangof thelanguage andits essence.Besides,in order to sensethe rhythmof thelanguage andits fluency,learn tosing Chinesesongs isa better way,in whichyou can experience the melody and image it creates.All in all,grasp everychance toparticipate invarious activitiestorelieve your academic stress and enrichyour after-school lifeand youwill findit easyto speakChinese.Eventually,I hopeall ofyoucanhavea good commandof Chineseandbehappy tolive anstudy inChina.Thankyou!【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文假定你是某高中学生会主席李华，在你校即将举行的外籍学生欢迎会上，作为学生代表就如何学好中文发言，请写一篇题为的发言稿Learn to speakChinese,Learn tosing Chinesesongs.【详解】.词汇积累1表达extend-,^express本质为了止匕夕卜,句式拓展essence^nature in orderto-so asto besidesinaddition2简单句变复合句原句All inall,grasp everychance toparticipate invarious activitiesto relieve youracademic stressandenrich yourafter-school lifeand youwill findit easytospeakChinese.拓展句All inall,grasp everychance toparticipate invarious activities,which willrelieveyouracademicstressandenrich yourafter-school lifeand youwill finditeasytospeakChinese.【点睛J［高分句型］1In theprocess,only byemerging yourselfin Chineseconditions willyou getthe hangofthe（运用了部分倒装）language andits essence.［高分句型2|Besides,inorderto sensethe rhythmofthelanguage andits fluency,learn tosing Chinesesongs isa better（运用了不定式作目的状语）way,in whichyoucanexperiencethemelodyandimageitcreates.
1.What canremind youto readB.Personalized Notebook.C.Wood Bookmarkswith Tassels.D.Greener BambooCutting Board.A.Reusable ProduceBags.A.Etsy.com.B.Sears,com.C.Journal.com.D.Amazon,com.
2.Which mayoffer moreinformation aboutkitchen tools
3.What dothe listedgifts havein commonA.They allare expensive.B.They arepopular withstudents.C.They aremade ofcotton paper.D.They aresustainable andeco-friendly.【答案】l.C
2.D
3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文主要介绍了若干既有趣、又有用的环保材质的礼物，可以把它们送给孩子,也可以送给同学或朋友这些礼物价格实惠，制作精良，均是赠送亲朋好友的佳品【1题详解】细节理解题根据第三段括号中的Plus,they9reagreat reminderto readover holidaybreaks!（此外，它们还能很好地提醒你在假期期间阅读）可知，这款书签可以提醒你进行阅读Wood Bookmarkswith Tassels活动故选C【题详解】2推理判断题文章最后一段“This bamboocutting boardis naturallybacteria resistantandmadefrom100percent Mosobamboothats grownin organicsoil.One sideoftheboard hasa deepjuice-catching groovethats perfectfor（这种竹子切菜板是由生长在有机土壤中的百分百毛竹制成的，具有天然的抗菌性木capturingjuicesasyoucut.板的一边有一个很深的果汁捕捉槽，这是完美的捕获果汁，当你切割菜的时候）可知介绍了厨房的双面可用的竹制菜板，属于厨房用具，据此推知，九机提供更多关于厨房工具的信息故选Website:Amazo coD【题详解】3推理判断题根据文章第一段“For theeco-conscious,weve roundedup ourfavorite eco-friendly giftsto sendto（对于有环保意识的人，我们收集了我们最喜欢的环保礼物送给你的爱人）以及结合文章标题youMove.（最好的环保礼品）”，再联系文章中对各个礼品的介绍，包括制作材料及工艺等,可“TheBestEco-FriendlyGifts以推知，这些礼品均是可持续的、环保产品故选D（小路）When young,I lovedgoing on trail runs.It wasmy favoritewaytoescape stress.So,when Iwas backinmy hometownafter atough firstyear ofmy Ph.D.program,I thoughta trail run wasjust whatI needed.Butinstead ofhelping merelax,the rundid justthe opposite.After Imoved to the cityfor college,where myruns wereon flatconcrete pathsinstead ofwinding dirttrails,I usedaGPS watch.When Iwent ontrail runsagain in the country,it constantlyreminded meofthefoct thatI wasntkeeping upwithmy usualpace.I turnedmy watchoff,thinking thatwould allowmetoenjoy mysun-oundings andfind thepeace Iexpected,but Iworried Iwas underperforming.Why cantI letgo andjust enjoymyself”I wondered.But aftersome（反省）introspection,I realizedwhy Iwas struggling-both ontrail runsand ingraduate school.Going intomy Ph.D.,Ihadthought thatmy solidundergraduate trackrecord wouldset meup forinstant success.Tomy surprise,Iwaswrong.I lackedconfidence inmy research abilities whichI thoughtstopped meperforming welland Iconstantly felt my progress was too slow.Other students,self-confidence andtheir excellentresults mademe feelinsecure.Finally,one dayIbrokedown intears inmy adviser5s office.Then camemy visithome:Iwashaving troublebecause Ihadnt properlyadjusted myexpectations to the differencesbetweenan urbanrun anda trailrun.A Ph.D.is likea trailrun:Sometimes youcan runfast.Sometimes youmight findyourself climbingup asteep,winding trailatasnails pace.And thatsOK.Barriers areunavoidable,and successlooks andfeels differenton achallengingtrail thanit doeson asmooth,flat path.Sometimes itsbest totake adeep breathand doyour bestto meetthechallenge.
4.How didthe authorfeel whenhe wasontrailruns againA.Relaxed.B.Tired.C.Anxious.D.Happy.
5.What resultedin the author,s poorperformance inPh.DA.His lackof confidence.B.His lackof hardwork.C.His poorresearch abilities.D.His poortrackrecord.
6.What doesthe authorwant to show in the last paragraphA.His desirefor success.B.His confidenceof trailruns.C.His expectationsin hisstudy.D.His realizationafter thetrailrun.
7.What doestheauthorwant totell usA.Failure isthe motherof success.
8.Working outregularly isbeneficial.
9.If simportant tomake necessaryadjustments.
10.W svital toturn toothers forhelp.【答案】
4.C
5.A
6.D
7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文主要讲述了作者在城市水泥路上和在乡村小路上跑步时的不同感受，反省了自己在博士课程方面不如意的原因，告诉读者要学会根据情况来调整自己的预期，去收获成功与满足【题详解】4推理判断题根据第二段的【可知，跑步没能让作者放松，相反却感到焦虑，“but worriedIwas underperforming”故选C【题详解】5细节理解题根据第三段中的I lackedconfidence inmy researchabilities whichI thoughtstopped meperforming well可知，作者在学业方面差是由于自己对自己的研究能力缺乏自信，and Iconstantly feltmy progresswas tooslow.”故选A【题详解】6推理判断题上文中作者对比了在城市水泥路上跑步和在乡村小路上跑步的不同，因此在文章末段作者表达了自己在经历这件事后的领悟，故选D【题详解】7推理判断题作者在文章中主要通过自己跑步时不同感受的对比，反省了自己在博士课程方面不如意的原因，告诉读者要学会根据不同的情况来调整自己的预期，故选C【点睛】细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改写，意思不变如换一个同义词，把否定改为肯定，把肯定改为否定等如第小题，根据第三段中的2“Hacked confidenceinmyresearchabilitieswhich可知，作者在学业方面差是由于Ithoughtstopped meperforming welland Iconstantlyfeltmyprogresswastooslow.”自己对自己的研究能力缺乏自信，故选ACElephants areoften seencomforting upsetindividual elephantswithagentle touchof theirtrunks reportedly.Ifs onething to witnesssomething thatlooks likecomforting behavior,but anotherthingtoprove thatthis iswhat elephantsaredoing.Now,scientists haveshown thatAsian elephantsdo indeedget upsetwhen theysee othersin trouble,and theyreachout to comfort them.Elephants,thus,join thelist ofother animals,including dogs,wolves and some birds,which havebeen shown to do so.Elephants responses to stress are difficult to explore because one has to wait foropportunities forthese arisingnaturally in the wild.However,Joshua Plotnik,a scientistat MahidolUniversity in Thailandgot around thisproblem.Hecompared Asian elephants9behaviors duringtimes ofstress to those duringperiods whenlittle upsetsthem.For1to2weeks everymonth fornearly ayear,Plotnik spent30to180minutes dailywatching andrecording thebehavior of26Asian elephantsliving inElephantNaturalPark innorthern Thailand.Other researchershave previouslyshown thatwhen upset,an elephantmoves itsears andraises itstail;it mayalsomake alow soundtoshowits stress.When elephantsinthepark seean elephantbehaving inthis manner,they typicallyrespondby feelingthe sameemotion J Plotnik said,just aswe dowhen watching a scary movie together.If anactor isfrightened,our heartsrace andwe reachfor eachothers hands—a reactionknown asemotional contagion“But morestudies areneeded,preferably inwild populations,Plotnik said.What isunclear is whether theseresponsesprimarily benefitthe upsetanimals,ortheres-ponders/9Shermin deSilva,a behavioralecologist,said.However,thestudyprovides avery interestingfirst explorationinto thebehavior ofelephants sufferingfrom stressJsaidGraemeShannon,a scientistat ColoradoState University.
8.What doesthe underlinedphrase“gotaround^^in paragraph2meanA.Overcame.B.Faced.C.Found.D.Raised.
9.Why didPlotnik mention the“watchinga scarymovie^^situationA.To explaina rule.B.To presenta fact.C.To clarifya concept.D.To supporta conclusion.
10.What canbe inferredabout thestudy according tothe last paragraphA.It hassome limitations.B.It confirmsa prediction.C.It benefitsfuture studies.D.It isthought worthless.
11.Which canbe the best titleforthetextA.Elephants copycomforting behaviorB.Elephants askfor comfortwhen introubleC.Elephants areeasily inlow spiritsD.Elephants understandtheir companionsfeelings【答案】
8.A
9.C
10.A
11.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文研究表明，大象能感知同伴的低落情绪，且会对其进行安慰【题详解】8词句猜测题根据第二段中“Elephants，responsestostressaredifficulttoexplorebecauseonehastowaitfor（大象对压力的反应是很难探索的，因为人们必须等待在野外自opportunities forthese arisingnaturallyinthewild.然产生的机会）”以及画线词上文uHowever,Joshua Plotnik,a scientistat MahidolUniversityinThailand,,中表示转折意义的可知，大象对压力的反应很难探究，但是通过观察大象自然公园里的大象克服however JoshuaPlotnik了这一困难故画线词意思是“克服”故选A【题详解】9推理判断题根据第三段中“When elephantsinthepark seeanelephantbehaving inthis manner,they typicallyrespondby feelingthe sameemotion JPlotnik said,just aswe dowhen watchingascarymovie together.If anactor isfrightened,当公园里的大象看our heartsrace andwe reachfor eachothers hands——a reactionknown asemotional contagion到一头大象有这种行为时，它们通常会产生同样的情绪反应，”普洛特尼克说，“就像我们一起看恐怖电影时一样如果演员受到惊吓，我们的心跳就会加速，我们会伸手去拉对方的手——这种反应被称为‘情绪传染）”J可推知，提到了“看恐怖电影”的情况是为了阐明一个概念一一情绪传染故选Plotnik C【题详解】10推理判断题根据最后一段中“But morestudies areneeded,preferably inwild populationsJPlotniksaid.What isuncleariswhetherthese responsesprimarily benefitthe upsetanimals,ortheres-ponders,“Shermin deSilva,a behavioral（普洛特尼克说“但还需要更多的研究，最好是在野生种群中进行”行为生态学家ecologist,said.Shermin de说“目前尚不清楚的是，这些反应主要是对不安的动物有利，还是对反应者有利）可知，该研究还是Silva J”有一定的局限性的故选A【题详解】11主旨大意题根据第一段中的“Now,scientists haveshown thatAsian elephantsdo indeedget upsetwhen theyseeothers introuble,and theyreach outtocomfortthem.Elephants,thus,join thelist ofother animals,including dogs,wolves（现在，科学家们已经证明，亚洲象在看到同类陷入困境时确实会andsomebirds,which havebeenshowntodoso.感到不安，它们会伸出手来安慰它们因此，大象加入了其他动物的行列，包括狗、狼和一些鸟类，它们都被证明会这样做）”和下文的研究发现可知，本文主要讲述的是大象能感知同伴的情绪并给予安慰选项“大D象能理解同伴的感受”最符合文章标题故选DoD（准贝）The Foodand DrugAdministration,citing anepidemic ofdiet-related illness,released newguidelines UWednesdayaimed atreducing theamount of salt thatof Americans consumes at restaurants,school cafeteriasand trucks,or whentheyareeating packagedand preparedfoods athome.The guidelinestargeted manufacturesthat sellfoods madefromgrains aswellaspotato chipsand Frenchfries.The recommendations,issued afteryears ofdelay,seek toreduce theaverage daily sodium intake step by step-sodiumis the chemical name for salt—by12%over thenext two-and-a halfyears by encouraging foodmanufacturers,restaurants andfood servicecompanies toscale backtheir useof salt.That goaltranslates into3,000milligrams ofsalt-slightly morethan1teaspoon-compared tothe3,400milligrams thatAmericanstypically consumeinaday.Americans loveaffair withsalty foodshas beeninked toalarmingly highrates ofhighblood pressure,a leadingrisk factorfor heartattacks,strokes andkidney failure.Much ofthe excess sodium thatAmericansconsume,about70%comes fromprocessed andpackaged foodand mealsservedatrestaurants,accordingtoresearcher.The guidancewill applyto163categories ofprocessed andpackaged foodandprovide differenttargets for,say,rye bread,salad dressingand babyfood.Nutritionists andpublic healthexperts praisedthe FDAfor takingon theproblem ofexcesssodium,saying theeffortwould help sharpen the publics focus on the dangers of taking in too much salt andcreate pressureon food companies toreduce their reliance on salt asa cheap flavorbooster.But manysaid thatvoluntary measureswere unlikely tomove the needlevery much.Some experts have suggestedcompulsory reductions.Dr.Dariush Mozaffarianfrom TuftsUniversity saida recentstudy inChina suggestedthe FDAshouldbe firmerwith itsguidelines.The studyshowed peoplewho useda saltreplacement reducedtheir chancesof strokeand heart problems compared tothose who used regular salt.Mozaffarian saidthe effectofthesodium guidelineswilldepend onhow wellthe FDAmonitors foodcompanies andtheir progress.
12.What istrue aboutthe FDAsguidanceabout saltcutA.It involvesall foodcompanies.B.It concernshomemade food.C.It willbe carriedout gradually.D.It willbe followedstrictly.
13.What dothe underlinedwords movethe needle“mean inthe lastparagraphA.Encourage peopleto eatout.B.Threaten thefoodcompanies.C.Replace thetradition.D.Bring aboutchanges.14Why isChina mentionedinthelastparagraphA.To persuadethe FDAtobepatient.B.To provethe effectof lesssalt intake.C.To praiseChina forits action.D.To introducea saltreplacement.
15.What arethelasttwo paragraphsmainly aboutA.Disproval ofthe FDAguidelines.B.Reactions tothe FDAguidelines.C.Anticipation ofthe FDAguidelines.D.Approaches tothe FDAguidelines.【答案】
12.C
13.D
14.B
15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了美国食品和药物管理局关于减少盐摄入量的指导方针及社会对这项指导方针的不同的反应【题详解】细节理解题根据第二段内容12“The recommendations,issued afteryears ofdelay,seek toreduce theaveragedailysodiumintakestepbystep-sodium isthechemicalnameforsalt-by12%over thenext two-and-a halfyears（这些建议是byencouragingfood manufacturers,restaurants andfood servicecompanies toscale backtheir useofsalt.在拖延多年后发布的，旨在通过鼓励食品制造商、餐馆和食品服务公司减少食盐的使用，在未来两年半内逐步将钠一一盐的化学名称一一的平均每日摄入量减少）可知，美国食品和药物管理局关于减少盐的摄入量的12%指导目标是在未来两年半内逐步将盐的平均每日摄入量减少由此可知，美国食品和药物管理局关于减少盐12%,摄入量的指导方针将逐步实施故选项C【题详解】13词义猜测题根据画线短语后句u Some expertshave suggested compulsoryreductions.v（一些专家建议强制减少盐的使用）可知，下文专家建议强制减少盐的使用，由此可推断出，自愿措施不太可能起到很大的作用，不会带来太大变化，所以才会建议强制减少盐的使用，意为“带来变化”，能够代替画线短语在Bring aboutchanges”句中所要表达的意思故选项D【题详解】14推理判断题根据最后一段关键句Dr.Dariush Mozaffarianfrom TuftsUniversity saida recentstudy inChinasuggested the FDA shouldbe firmerwith itsguidelines.The studyshowed peoplewho useda saltreplacement reduced（塔夫茨大学的their chancesof strokeandheartproblemscomparedtothosewhousedregularsalt.”Dariush博士说，中国最近的一项研究表明，应该更严格地遵守其指导方针研究表明，与使用普通盐Mozaffarian FDA的人相比，使用盐替代物的人中风和心脏问题的几率降低）可知，中国最近的一项研究表明，与使用普通盐的人相比，使用盐替代物的人中风和心脏问题的几率降低，由此可知，少摄入盐会降低中风和心脏问题的几率，由此可推断出，最后一段提到中国是为了证明少摄入盐的效果故选项B【题详解】15主旨大意题根据倒数第二段内容^Nutritionists andpublic healthexperts praisedtheFDAfor takingontheproblemof excesssodium,saying theeffort wouldhelpsharpenthepublicsfbcus onthedangersoftakingintoomuchsaltandcreate pressureon foodcompanies toreducetheirrelianceonsaltasacheapflavorbooster.v（营养学家和公共卫生专家赞扬解决了钠过量的问题，称这项努力将有助于加强公众对摄入过多盐的危险的关注，并给食品公司带FDA来压力，使其减少对盐作为廉价调味剂的依赖）和最后一段关键句But manysaid thatvoluntary measureswere（但许多人表示，自愿措unlikelytomovethennedle verymuch.Someexpertshavesuggestedcompulsoryreductions.施不太可能起到很大的作用一些专家建议强制减少盐的使用）可知,文章最后两段主要介绍了人们对减FDA盐的指导方针的反应，有人表示赞扬，有人认为不太可能起到很大的作用，由此可知，最后两段主要讲的是对指导方针的反应故选项FDA B第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项When anew schoolsemester begins,many childrenfell verybad aboutit.They feelvery nervousabout goingback to（转变）school.According tothe experts,its totallynormal.Transitions arehard foreveryone,
16.Thats becauseroutines arehealthy forus,and changingintoanew onecan throwus off.For parents,its reallyimportant toknow thatits verynormal fortheir childrento havea wholerange offeelingsabout goingbacktoschool—from excitement,to anxietyand sadness,to evenanger.17・They mighthavestomachaches orheadacheswhenthinkingaboutreturning toschoolinSeptember.And thafsall normal,too.One ofthebestways toease intoanewroutine isto helpthe childrenfocusonwhat theyare lookingforward to,18,It couldbe onefriend theyreexcited tosee oreven theidea ofwalking toschool everyday.
19.Walkingorbikingbytheschoolcanhelp.Hanging outwithakid whosgoing tobe inthe samegradeis abetterwayto relieveanxiety.Getting enoughsleep,exercising,and talkingto reliableadults andfriends areother effectiveways tocope withanxietyand negativefeelings.
20.If bedtimeis nowsuper late,or thereis nobedtime,try tomove itan hourearliereverynightleadingupto yourfirstdayofschool Jsaid anexpert.A.whether youreakidor anadultB.rather thanwhat makesthem feelnervousC.instead ofreturningtoschool withoutpreparationD.For somekids,those feelingscan evenbephysicalE.Most parentsdont haveempathy fortheirchildrens feelingsF.Besides,getting usedtothenew environmentbeforeschool startsis alsoagoodideaG.Ifs alsosuggested thatkids shouldget theirbedtime backon tracka weekahead ofschool【答案】
16.A
17.D
18.B
19.F
20.G【解析】【导语】本文是说明文新学期开始的时候，学生可能会因重返学校而感到很紧张，这是很正常的本文就如何帮助学生重新适应学校生活提出了一些建议［详解］上文
1.“When anew schoolsemester begins,many childrenfell verybad aboutit.They feelvery nervousabout（转变）（当新学goingbacktoschool.According tothe experts,its totallynormal.Transitions arehard foreveryone,期开始时，许多孩子都感到很难过他们对回到学校感到非常紧张根据专家的说法，这是完全正常的过渡对每个人来说都很难）”提到新学期开始，学生因重返学校而感到很紧张，这是很正常的转变对。
个人认证
优秀文档
获得点赞 0
