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学年上学期期末教育学业质量监测〜20212022高中三年级英语试卷考生注意
1.本试卷共120分，考试时间100分钟
2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项A（路缘坡效应）The Curb-cut Effectrefers to the factthat supportingsmall groupsof peopleoften endsup helpingmuchlarger rangesof society.Curb cuts:Easing thewalkingIn the1940s,hundreds ofthousands ofWorld WarII soldiers returned home with disabilities.Disappointed by thedifficulties they faced,Jack Fisherof Kalamazoo,Michigan,as one of them,asked hiscity governmentto buildanexperimental curb cut-a gentleslope thatbrings the end of a sidewalkdown tomeet thelevel of the street-at thecorners ofseveral blocks downtown.A fewmonths later,Fisher reportedthat evenresidents withoutwheelchairs wereenjoying theimpactof thelittle slopes.Reading machines:Getting themessageIn1976,technologist Ray Kurzweil inventeda machinefor theblind andvisually damagedto changeimages intotextthat itthen readaloud.Smart speakerswith thosevoices arenow inroughly one-quarter ofUS homes.By detectingstreetsigns andhouse numbers,it ishelping buildthe mapsthat self-driving carsuse tonavigate theworld.（字幕）:Closed captionsFollowing the conversationSears launchedthe firstTV with a built-in equipmentthat alloweddeaf andhard-of-hearing viewers to read alongwith theirfavorite programsin
1980.In the1990s,text becameincreasingly commonas DVDsand,later,streamingservices addedthe ability to switchthe wordson atwill.A2006survey foundthat onlyaround20percent of the peopleusingcaptions hadhearing problems.DeafSpace designs:Keeping thingsquietMore than150designs of the DeafSpaceProject came from architectHansel Bauman.One aim is to clear distractingnoises,which canmake itdifficult forpeople touse their limited hearing abilities.By keepingconversations andothersound disturbancesfrom walkingand jumpingaround theroom,these waysalso make it【题详解】17上文（你可能已经注意“Youve probablynoticed howmuch runningaround littlekids do-and howsoundly theysleep.到小孩子们经常跑来跑去，而且他们睡得很香）”讲述奔跑的小孩子他们睡觉很香，因此推断建议我们要多像小孩子学习，多锻炼，项中的与上文的一致，因此推断项“向孩子学习，每天至少锻炼分钟E“kid”“kids”E60符合语境故选J E【题详解】下文18“If youcant makeyour bedrooma tech-free area,at leastshut everythingdown anhour ormore（如果你不能让你的卧室成为一个无科技的区域，至少在熄灯前一个小时或更长时间关闭所有的before lightsout.东西）”讲述在卧室里不要使用科技产品，至少在熄灯之前一个小时关掉，项“专家建议卧室仅用来睡眠”D符合语境，与上文话题一致，不要在卧室里使用电子科技设备故选D【题详解】19根据标题Keep asleep routine（规律）.可知，本段建议养成好的睡眠习惯下文uCreating aset bedtimeroutine can.（创建一个固定的就寝程序可以改善这种放松效果）”说明要制定固定的就寝程序，improve thisrelaxation effect项中的与之呼应，因此项“每天晚上在同一时间上床有助于身体期待睡眠”F“at the same time every night”F符合上下文语境故选F【题详解】20空格处为段落标题根据后文“Instead ofworrying that you wont sleep,remind yourselfthat youcan.Say,Tonight,Iwill sleepwell several times during the day.It canalso helpto practicebreathing exercisesbefore.（与其担心自己睡不着，不如提醒自己你可以白天说几次“今晚，我会睡得好二在睡前做呼吸练习也可bed以是有帮助的）”说明本段建议不要担心你不会入睡，要期待一个好的睡眠，时刻提醒自己你可以有好的睡眠，因此推断项“期待睡个好觉”为最佳标题故选A A第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题;每小题L5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项I hadmoved toArizona abouttwo weeksbefore thestart ofmy junioryear ofhigh school,so notonly wasthis an21new schoolfor me,but alsoa new22and I did not know anyone.On the first dayof schoolat lunchafter gettingmy meal,I sat down atan23table in the courtyard.As Ibegan toeat,I24at theother tablesand saw another girl sitting alone,so Idecided whynot gosit withher.Anyway there was no reasonfor meto havea wholetable tomyself,and who knew maybe I could make a friend.I walkedto25and said,Excuse me,do youmind ifI sitwith you”She was26at first,but thensmiledand said,Sure!”We27on well with eachother and28close friendsthroughout thenext twoyears.She29:on the first dayof schoolwhen yousat downwith me during lunch,I was30depressed thatday.I hadeven made（欺负）31plans onhow Iwas goingto32suicide after I get home.I hadbeen bulliedthe whole first half of the dayand ithad justmade me
33.But when you34mefrom theother sideof thecourtyard ina35way,even thoughyou didntknow me,it36me deeply.It has been almost15years sincethis
37.I stillchat withher38on Facebookabout ourpastand presentlife andI cant39but smileevery time.It showedme that a simple kind act has the40ability to change lives.
21.A.eventuallyB.initiallyC.completelyD.temporarily
22.A.environmentB.cultureC.revolutionD.possession
23.A.fullB.emptyC.cleanD.awful
24.A.came aroundB.looked upC.looked aroundD.walked about
25.A.comfortB.confirmC.accompanyD.rescue
26.A.surprisedB.disappointedC.excitedD.devoted
27.A.heldB.focusedC.keptD.got
28.A.abandonedB.madeC.becameD.deserved
29.A.recalledB.liedC.imaginedD.expressed
30.A.rarelyB.deeplyC.timelyD.finally
31.A.peacefulB.relaxingC.secureD.detailed
32.A.copeB.editC.misleadD.commit）
33.A.outstandingB.heartbrokenC.coldblooded!,hardworking
34.A.reached outtoB.caught upwithC.got awayfromD.put upwith
35.A.funnyB.smoothC.considerateD.strong
36.A.instructedB.touchedC.assistedD.dragged
37.A.sympathyB.treatmentC.incidentD.entertainment
38.A.occasionallyB.abruptlyC.rigidlyD.repeatedly
39.A.standB.waitC.chooseD.help
40.A.selflessB.clearC.confidentD.extraordinary【答案】2LC
22.A
23.B
24.C
25.B
26.A
27.D
28.C
29.A
30.B
31.
32.D
33.B
34.A
35.C
36.B
37.C
38.A
39.D
40.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文文章讲述了一次无意的助人为乐挽救了一个即将放弃生命的人的故事题详解】[21考查副词词义辨析句意我在高中三年级开始前两周搬到了亚利桑那州，所以这不仅对我来说是一所全新的学校，而且是一个我不认识任何人的新环境最终地；起初地；完全地；A.eventually B.initially C.completely D.暂时的根据前文的temporarily“I hadmoved toArizona abouttwo weeksbefore thestart ofmy junioryear ofhigh可知，作者新搬来，因此这对作者来说是一个全新的学校故选school”C【题详解】22考查名词词义辨析句意同上环境；文化；革命；拥有A.environment B.culture C.revolution D.possession根据空后可知，这对作者来说，也是新环境故选“Ididnotknowanyone”A【题详解】23考查形容词词义辨析句意开学的第一天，吃完午饭，我坐在院子里的一张空桌子旁满的；空A.full B.empty的；干净的；糟糕的根据下文“C.clean D.awful Anywaytherewasnoreasonfor meto havea wholetable tomyself.”可知，作者选择一张空桌来吃午餐故选B题详解】24考查动词短语辨析句意当我开始吃的时候，我环顾其他桌子，看到另一个女孩独自坐着，所以我决定为什么不去和她坐一起苏醒；查阅；四下环顾；四处A.came aroundB.looked upC.looked aroundD.walked about走动根据下文可知，作者四下环顾，看见一个女孩独自坐着故选“sawanothergirlsittingalone”C【题详解】25考查动词词义辨析句意我走过去确认，说“打扰一下，我可以和你坐在一起吗？她起初很惊讶，但随后笑着说“当然！安慰；确认；陪伴；拯救根据下文A.comfort B.confirm C.accompany D.rescue“whoknew可知，作者想要交个新朋友，因此推断走过去是去确认，问女孩是否可以坐在一起maybeIcouldmakeafriend.故选B【题详解】26考查形容词词义辨析句意同上惊讶的；失望的；兴奋的；忠A.surprised B.disappointed C.excited D.devoted诚的前文可知，作者突然提议坐在女孩旁边，女孩的反应肯定一开始Excuse me,do youmind ifI sitwith you是惊讶的故选A【题详解】27考查动词词义辨析句意在接下来的两年里，我们相处得很好，成为了亲密的朋友举办；集A.held B.focused中；保持；得到根据下文可知，在接下来的两年里C.kept D.got“close friendsthroughout thenext twoyears”她们成为了好朋友的因此推断她们相处的很好意为“与某人相处的好二故选【题详get onwellwithD28解】考查动词词义辨析句意同上抛弃；制作；成为；的值得A.abandoned B.made C.became D.served根据下文可知，作者和女孩成为了亲密的朋友故选“close friendsthroughout thenext twoyears.”C【题详解】29考查动词词义辨析句意她回忆说:开学的第一天，你和我一起坐下来吃午饭，那天我非常沮丧回A.recalled忆；撒谎;想象；表达根据后文B.lied C.imagined D.expressed“on thefirst dayof schoolwhenyousatdownwith可知，此处是女孩的回忆故选meduringlunch”A【题详解】30考查副词词义辨析句意同上很少;深深地；及时地；最终地根据下A.rarely B.deeply C.timely D.finally文u suicide afterI gethome.I hadbeen bullied（欺负）the wholefirst halfof the day”可知，女孩那天被欺负，想要自杀因此推断她非常沮丧故选B【题详解】31考查形容词词义辨析句意我甚至做了关于我要怎么自杀的详细计划和平的；放松的；A.peaceful B.relaxing安全的；详细的根据后文“C.secure D.detailed onhow Iwas goingto12suicideafterIgethome”可知，女孩想要回家后自杀，做出了详细的计划故选D【题详解】32考查动词词义辨析句意同上处理；编辑；误解；犯罪；承诺根据下A.cope B.edit C.mislead D.commit文“（欺负）”可知，那天女孩被欺负，想要自杀I hadbeen bulliedthe wholefirst halfof the day commitsuicide意为“自杀”故选D【题详解】33考查形容词词义辨析句意那天上午我一直被欺负，让我伤心杰出的；心碎的；A.outstanding B.heartbroken冷血的；不辞劳苦的根据上文（欺负）C.coldblooded D.hardworking“I hadbeen bulliedthewholefirsthalfofthe可知，女孩被欺负，很伤心故选day”B【题详解】34考查动词短语辨析句意但当你在院落的另一边，即使你不认识我，也能体贴地向我伸出援手，这让我深受感动向某人伸手;追上；逃离;忍耐根据前A.reached outto B.caught upwith C.got awayfrom D.put upwith文可知，女孩打算自杀，作者走向她，向她伸出手来，女孩当时的“I walkedto5and said”感觉是作者向她伸出了援手故选A题详解】35考查形容词词义辨析句意同上搞笑的；光滑的；体贴的；强烈的A.funny B.smooth C.considerate D.strong根据下文可知，女孩被欺负，想要自杀，作者向她伸出援助之“even thoughyou didntknow me,it16me deeply.”手，挽救了女孩，因此女孩认为作者是体贴的故选C【题详解】36考查动词词义辨析句意同上指导；感动；援助；拖拉A.instructed B.touched C.assisted D.dragged根据上文even thoughyou didnftknow mev可知，即使作者不认识她，但是还是体贴的向女孩伸出手，因此女孩深深地被感动故选B【题详解】37考查名词词义辨析句意自从这件事发生以来，已经快年了同情；对待；15A.sympathy B.treatmentC.incident事件；D.entertainment娱乐根据前文^It hasbeen almost15years,,可知，自从作者与女孩见面已经有年了，此处指代的是她们吃午餐时初次见面的事情故选15C【题详解】38考查副词词义辨析句意我偶尔还会在上和她聊聊我们的过去和现在的生活，每次我都忍不住笑Facebook偶尔地；突然地；严厉地；重复地根据下文A.occasionally B.abruptly C.rigidly D.repeatedly“on Facebookaboutour pastand presentlifen可知，作者和朋友偶尔还在脸书上两天故选A【题详解】39考查动词词义辨析句意:同上站；等待；选择；帮助根据下文A.stand B.wait C.choose D.help“It showedme可知，作者每次和朋友两天禁不住的微笑故选thata simplekind acthasthe20abilityto change lives.”D【题详解】40考查形容词词义辨析句意它告诉我，一个简单的善良的行为具有改变生活的非凡能力无私的；A.selfless清楚的；自信的；异乎寻常的根据前文以及空后的B.clear C.confident D.extraordinary“asimplekindact”“ability可知，作者一个小小的举动，就产生了异乎寻常的力量并改变了女孩的生活故选tochangelives.”D第二节共10小题;每小题
1.5分，满分15分阅读下面短文，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1Chinese peoplehave spent more timeon leisureactivities thisyear compared with theperiod beforeCOVID-19pandemic41strike,according to a recentreport by the ChinaTourism Academy.The academysaid thaturban residents1leisure timeis42close relatedto theirwork.They havespentmoretime onleisureactivities onweekends thisyear,about
4.4hours aday,comparedwith43average of
3.82hours aday onworkdays.The timethat people in ruralareas spendenjoying leisureactivities44rise nearly39percent comparedwith2019,increasing to
4.36hours aday from
3.14hours beforethe COVID-19pandemic hit.Shopping atphysical45store remainsthe mostpopular leisureactivity forboth urban residents andpeoplein the美甲.countryside,followed byactivities like46face treatments,hairdressing andmanicuresThe reportsaid itwill bedifficult47increase peoplesleisure timein thefuture due48the largeamount oftime theyspendworking andlooking afterchildren.A recentsurvey49was conductedbythe academy showsthat50percent ofurbanresidentswork overeight hours aday and15percent workover10hoursaday.Dai Bin,chairman oftheacademy,said atan onlineconference thatwith拥more rural residents50spend timeon leisureactivities,the tourismmarket andtravel companieswill embrace抱new growthin thefuture.【答案】
41.struck
42.closely
43.an
44.has risen
45.stores
46.facial
47.to increase
48.to
49.which##that
50.spending【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道文章讲了中国人花在休闲上的时间多了题详解】[41考查动词句意根据中国旅游研究院最近的一份报告，与大流行之前的时期相比，今年中国人花COVID-19在休闲活动上的时间更多新冠肺炎袭击中国是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时故填struck【题详解】42考查形容词句意该院表示，城市居民的闲暇时间与他们的工作息息相关此处用副词修饰动词故related填closelyo【题详解】43考查冠词句意他们今年周末花在休闲活动上的时间更多，每天约小时，而工作日平均每天为小时是average名词，是本文第一次出现，且以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词修饰，为固定用法，意为“平均an anaverage of为故填an【题详解】44考查动词时态句意与年相比，农村地区人们享受休闲活动的时间增加了近从大流行201939%,COVID-19爆发前的小时增加到每天小时可知这个动作发生于过from
3.14hours beforethe COVID-19pandemic hit”rise去，一直持续到现在，用现在完成时，且句子主语是为单数故填the timehas risen【题详解】45考查名词句意无论是城市居民还是农村居民，实体店购物仍然是最受欢迎的休闲活动，其次是面部护理、美发和美甲等活动此处可数名词前无冠词，故用复数故填store stores【题详解】46考查形容词句意无论是城市居民还是农村居民，实体店购物仍然是最受欢迎的休闲活动，其次是面部护理、美发和美中等活动此处填形容词作定语修饰名词故填facial treatments,facial【题详解】47考查非谓语动词句意报告称，由于人们花费大量时间工作和照顾孩子，未来将难以增加人们的休闲时间固定结构做某事怎么样，为形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语故填itis+adj.+todosth itto increase【题详解】48考查介词句意报告称，由于人们花费大量时间工作和照顾孩子，未来将难以增加人们的休闲时间固定短语由于、因为故填due toto【题详解】49考查定语从句句意该学院最近进行的一项调查显示，的城市居民每天工作超过小时，的城市居50%815%民每天工作超过小时这个定语从句的先行词是指物，且从句缺主语，需用关系代词引导10survey which/that故填which/thato【题详解】50考查非谓语动词句意研究院院长戴斌在一次线上会议上表示，随着越来越多的农村居民将时间花在休闲活动上，未来旅游市场和旅游企业将迎来新的增长点宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法,和“With+ruralresidentsspend之间是主动关系，用现在分词作宾补表达当下的状态，故填spending第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文文中共有处语言错误，5110每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）并在其下面写出该加的词A,删除把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉修改在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；L只允许修改处，多者（从第处起）不计分
2.1011On theafternoon oflast Friday,the English speech competition,organized byour Englishclub,was heldin ourmeetinghall.It begunat3:00p.m.and Mr.Lee,our leadingEnglish teacher,gave aninspired openingspeech.Then twostudentsstarted tohost the competition withboth Englishand Chinese.Fifteen studentswere attendedthecompetitionandeach gavean excellentEnglishspeech.If thecompetition finished,the competitorswere rankedand prizeswere presentedtothefirstsixth speakers.The competitionhas receivedpositively commentsfrom students and teachers.They bothbelievedthat itcould encouragemore studentsshow interestin Englishlearning.【答案】一anfbegan-^inspiring-in去掉前的
5.attended were
6.If-*When/After
7.sixth-six
8.positively-positive
9.bothall前加
10.show to【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文主要讲述了学校英语演讲比赛的过程【详解】考查冠词句意上周五下午，由我们英语俱乐部组织的英语演讲比赛在我们的会议厅举行了L为可数名词，此处为泛指且是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用故改为competition Englishan thean.考查时态句意下午点开始，我们的英语老师李先生做了一个鼓舞人心的开幕词事情发生在过去，要23用一般过去时故改为begun begano.考查非谓语动词句意下午点开始，我们的英语老师李先生做了一个鼓舞人心的开幕词修饰名词33speech应用结尾形容词表示“鼓舞人心的；用于修饰人故改为-ing inspiring,inspired inspiredinspiring.考查介词句意然后两个学生开始用英语和汉语主持比赛表示“用何种语言”应用介词故改为4in within.考查动词语态句意名学生参加了比赛，每个人都做了精彩的英语演讲主语与谓语515Fifteen studentsattend为主动关系故去掉前的attended were.考查连词句意比赛结束后，对参赛选手进行排名，并向前六名颁奖表示“在……之后”应用；或6after理解为“当……时候”用引导时间状语从句故改为when,If When/After.考查数词句意比赛结束后，对参赛选手进行排名，并向前六名颁奖此处指前六名选手，要用基数词7sixo故改为sixth six.考查形容词句意比赛得到了学生和老师的好评此处修饰名词用形容词作定语8comments positive,故改为positively positiveo.考查代词句意他们都认为这样可以鼓励更多的学生对英语学习表现出兴趣此处指学生们和老师们，数9量超过三个，要用；用于两者都故改为all bothboth all.考查非谓语动词句意他们都认为这样可以鼓励更多的学生对英语学习表现出兴趣短语10encouragesb todo.表示“鼓励某人做某事”，用不定式作宾语补足语故前加sth showto第二节书面表达（满分25分）假定你是李华，你的外国朋友来信和你探讨未来海洋开发的话题，请你给他回一封邮件，谈谈你的想法，
52.Jack内容包括想象未来海洋的用途；
1..倡导保护海洋2注意词数左右；
1.100开头和结尾已你拟好
2.【答案】参考范文Dear Jack,As thepopulation growsand landresources arerunning out,man isbound toexploit the sea.Cities undertheseawillbe builtto provideaccommodation for the increasingpopulation.At the same time,more tunnelsconnecting the land andthe oceans will be constructed.Thus,people canchoose whereto livefreely.Underwater farmswill alsobe developedtoproduce enoughcrops and the foodproblem will be solved.Also,as energyis running out onthe land,attention willbepaid tothe oceans to lookfor newresources.Lets allmake aneffort toprotect the oceans andcreate anotherclean andsafehome forus humanbeings!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文要求考生给外国朋友回一封邮件，与他分享自己对于未来海洋开发Jack的看法【详解】.词汇积累1用完、耗尽running out—using up同口寸at the same time—meanwhile增加的increasing—adding寻找look fbr—search fbr.句式拓展3简单句变复合句原句At thesame time,more tunnelsconnecting theland and theoceans willbe constructed.拓展句At thesame time,more tunnelswhich connectsthelandand theoceanswillbeconstructed.【点睛】【高分句型1]As thepopulation growsand landresources arerunningout,man isbound toexploit the（运用了引导的状语从句）sea.as【高分句型（运用了“疑问词+不定式”作宾语）2]Thus,people canchoose whereto livefreely.easier for all sorts of studentsand workers to focus.CLICK HEREFOR MOREINFORMATIONA.The army.B.Special groups.C.All humanbeings.D.Professionals.
2.What mightbe Jack FisherA.A citydesigner.B.A citygovernor.C.A disabledsoldier.D.An ordinaryroadman.
3.Whose inventionhelps people to concentrate
1.Who werethe fourinventions initiallyintended toserveA.Sears.B.Jack Fishefs.C.Ray KurzweiFs.D.Hansel Baumans.【答案】l.B
2.C
3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文介绍了四种针对特殊人群的发明设计【题详解】推理判断题根据段落下1Curb cuts:Easing thewalking“In the1940s,hundreds ofthousands ofWorldWar II soldiersreturned homewithdisabilities.Disappointed bythe difficultiestheyfaced,Jack Fisherof Kalamazoo,Michigan,as oneof them,asked hiscity governmentto buildan experimentalcurbcut-a gentleslope thatbrings theend of（世名己年代，数十a sidewalkdown tomeet thelevel ofthe street-at thecorners ofseveralblocksdowntown.2040万二战士兵带着伤残返乡密歇根州卡拉马祖市的就是其中一员，对他们所面临的困难感到失望，Jack Fisher,他要求市政府在市中心几个街区的拐角处建造试用性的路缘坡一一一种使人行道末端向下延伸与街道水平面相接的缓坡）”可知，路缘坡的设计是为了方便行动不便的人；根据段落下Reading machines:Getting themessage“In1976,technologist RayKurzweil inventeda machinefor theblind andvisually damagedtochangeimages intotext（年，技术专家为盲人和视力受损者发明了一种机器，将图像转换成文that itthen readaloud.1976RayKurzweil本，然后大声朗读）”可知，这种机器专为盲人和视力受损者而发明；根据（字幕）Closed captionsFollowing段落下theconversation“Sears launchedthefirstTV with a built-in equipmentthat alloweddeaf andhard-of-hearing（年，推出了第一台内置设备的电视，使聋哑viewerstoreadalongwith theirfavorite programsin
1980.1980Sears人和听力困难人群能够阅读他们喜爱的节目）”可知，这种电视是为有听力障碍的人设计的；根据DeafSpacedesigns:Keeping thingsquiet段落下u Oneaimistocleardistracting noises,which canmakeitdifficult forpeopletouse（一个目标是清除分散注意力的噪音，这些噪音会使听力受限的人们难以使用有限theirlimitedhearingabilities.的听力）”可知，这是为听力受限的人们设计的综上可知，这四项发明创造都是针对特殊人群的故选B【题详解】2推理判断题根据段落下（密Curb cuts:Easing thewalking“Jack Fisherof Kalamazoo,Michigan,as oneof them歇根州卡拉马祖市的就是其中一员）”，句中的指代JackFisher,them“World WarIIsoldiersreturnedhomewith（二战的伤残士兵）”，由此可推知是一名伤残士兵故选disabilities FisherC【题详解】3细节理解题根据段落下DeafSpace designs:Keeping thingsquiet“these waysalso makeit easierforallsortsof（这些方法也使各种各样的学生和工作者更容易集中注意力）”可知，studentsandworkerstofocus.DeafSpace这项发明设计有助于集中注意力，由designs“More than150designs ofthe DeafSpaceProject camefrom architectHanselBauman.（DeafSpace项目的150多个设计来自建筑师HanselBauman）v可知，这是由Hansel Bauman发明设计的故选DB（早产的）The lifeof apremature babyborn during the winterstorm inTexas wassaved thanks to ateam ofmedicalprofessionals,including adoctor andtwo nurseswho traveledfrom eastAustin toMarble Fallsin aneffort tosave anewbornbaby*s life.When Ariasbegan experiencingpains,she andher parentsheaded tothe closesthospital,Baylor ScottWhite.Ariasgave birth to her daughter,Zaylynn,who weighedjust overone poundand wasin need of advanced special care.However,the hospitaldoes notoffer thespecialized carepremature babiesrequire.We hadfive orsix peopleout atthe nurses*station callinghospital networksall over the stateof Texas,1saidMeredith Schubert,the laborand deliverynurse onduty whenArias arrived.Nobody couldanswer ourcry for help.They finallyreached Dr.John Loydthrough apatient,division neonatologistchief atDell ChildrensMedicalCenterin Austin,Texas.Around5p.m.,after alreadyhaving workeda fullshift,Loyd packedhis SUVwithequipment andhe andtwo NICUnurses setout forMarble Falls,about55miles away.The drivetook Loydandthe nursesabout two hours as they drove in the night through ice and snow.After safelyarriving atthe MarbleFalls medicalcenter around8p.m.,the Dell Childrens crewset upa temporarynewbornICU.Together,the DellChildrens andBaylor ScottWhite teamsworked aroundthe clockto carefor themotherand daughter.Once theweather clearedenough to allow fora helicopterto safelyland,Zaylynn wastransferred toDellChildrens,where thereis aLevel IVnewborn intensivecare unit.“It wasincredible whenthe helicopterlifted off.There weretears fromall ofus Jsaid Schubert.It was a hugereliefand sense of accomplishment and joy that Zaylynn was doing so well and getting tothe place that she needed to be/Arias toldKVUE thatshe wasgrateful tothe doctorsand nurseswho workedtogether tosave herdaughter.
4.What didthe newbornbaby needbadlyA.Professional surgery.B.Special intensivenursing.C.Immediate transfer.D.Experienced doctors.
5.Which wordbest describesSchuberts cryforhelpbefore reachingLoydA.Timely.B.Hopeful.C.Desperate.D.Encouraging.
6.What wasthe mosttouching partabout LoydA.He camewith allthe necessaryequipment.B.He triedhis bestto maintainhis honor.C.He hadenough braveryto driveat night.D.He droveto rescueat nightin severeweather.
7.What madethe doctorsand nursesfeel asense ofreliefA.The fineweather.B.The babysimprovement.）C.The takeoffofthehelicopter.!.The babysarrival atits destination.【答案】
4.B
5.C
6.D
7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道讲述了一个早产儿被成功救治的故事【题详解】4细节理解题根据第二段第二句Arias gavebirthtoherdaughter,Zaylynn,who weighedjust overone poundand wasin（生下了她的女儿她体重刚刚超过一磅，需要高级特殊护理）”可知，needofadvancedspecialcare.Arias Zaylynn,这个新生儿需要特殊的护理故选B【题详解】5推理判断题根据第三段说的话Schubert“We hadfive orsix peopleout atthenurses*station callinghospital networks（我们有五六个人在护士站给德克萨斯州的所有医院打电话）”可知，当时他们急切的all over the stateof Texas,寻求外界的帮助故选C【题详解】6细节理解题根据第四段最后——句The drivetook Loydandthenurses abouttwohoursastheydrovein the night（和护士们在冰雪夜驱车行进了两个小时）”可知，在恶劣天气下，夜间开车去throughiceandsnow.Loyd Loyd营救，这种行为很让人感动故选D【题详解】7细节理解题根据倒数第二段最后一句It wasa hugerelief andsenseofaccomplishmentandjoythatZaylynnwas（表现得如此出色，去至了她需要去的地方，doingsowelland gettingtotheplacethatsheneededto be.Zaylynn U这让大家感到巨大的成就感和喜悦，如释重负）”可知，被转移到了目的地，这让大家松了一口气故Zaylynn选DThe numberof weather-related disastershas increasedby fivetimes overthe past50years,the latestreport bythe（气象）（）World Meteorological Organization WMO said on September.However,thankstoimproved earlywarning（危险）systems anddisaster management,the numberof deathfrom thesehazards hasbeen almostthree timesless.According tothe WMO,from1970to2019,weather,climate andwater hazardsaccounted for50percent of alldisasters.Among thetop10hazards thatled tothe largestloss ofhuman lifeduring thisperiod weredroughts,storms,floods andextreme temperatures.However,deaths fellfrom over50,000in the1970stoless than20,000in the2010s.Weather,climate andwater extremesare increasingand willbecome morefrequent andsevere inmany partsof theworld asa result of climate change,“says WMOSecretary-General Petteri Taalas.“That meansmore heatwaves,drought andforest firessuch asthose wehave observedrecently inEurope andNorthAmerica.We havemore watervapor inthe atmosphere,which isworsening extremerainfall anddeadly flooding.Thewarming oftheoceanshas affectedthe frequencyand areaof existenceofthemost intensetropical storms.”Economic lossesare increasingas exposure increases.But behindthe statisticslies amessage ofhope.Improvedmulti-hazard earlywarning systems have ledtoasignificant reductionin deaths.Quite simply,we arebetter thaneverbefore atsaving lives,“Taalas said.
8.What dowe knowfromthefirst paragraphA.Disasters connectedwith weatherhave goneup.B.The numberof weather-related disastershas decreased.C.The numberof deathsfrom hazardshasbeenincreasing.D.Early warning systemshavemade disastersdecline much.
9.What willhappen according to PetteriTaalasA.There willbe moreextreme weather.B.Extreme rainfallwill nolonger exist.C.Water vaporintheatmosphere willgo down.D.Humans willdefeat extreme weather intheend.
10.What ishopeful behindthe badnewsA.Improved warning systems willsave economiclosses.B.Economic lossesare goingdown asexposureincreases.C.More liveswillbesaved thanksto earlywarning systems.D.Improved earlywarningsystemswill controlextremeweather
11.Where maythe textbe takenfromA.A novel.B.A brochure.C.A magazine.D.A guideline.【答案】
8.A
9.A
10.C
11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道文章主要讲了极端天气和与此相关的灾难会越来越多，但是人类可以通过早期预警系统拯救更多的生命【题详解】8细节理解题由第一段第一句The numberof weather-related disastershas increasedby fivetimes overthe past50（气象）（）（世界气象组织years,the latestreport bythe WorldMeteorologicalOrganizationWMOsaidonSeptember.（）月发布的最新报告称，过去年来，与天气有关的灾害数量增加了五倍）”可知，与气候相关的灾WMO950难增多了故选项A【题详解】9细节理解题由第三段说的话PetteriTaalas“Weather,climate andwater extremesare increasingand willbecome more（由于气勺矣变化，天气、气々美和水frequent andsevere inmany partsoftheworldasaresultofclimatechange,的极端事件正在增加，并将在世界许多地区变得更加频繁和严重）”可知，将会有更多的极端天气故选项A【题详解】10细节理解题由最后一段“But behindthe statisticslies amessage ofhope.Improved multi-hazard earlywarningsystems（但在统计数据背后隐藏着希望的信息改进的多灾种早期预警系统使have ledtoasignificant reductionin deaths.得死亡人数显著减少）”可知，预警系统会拯救更多生命故选项C【题详解】11推理判断题由第三段（秘书长说）”和第五段“says WMOSecretary-General PetteriTaalas.WMO PetteriTaalas结尾（说）”可知，文章引用了世界气象组织官员的话，所以最可能出自电视或广播的专题节“Taalas said.Taalas目，有“（电视、广播）专题节目”的意思故选项magazine CD（）New researchsuggests thata genethat governsthe bodysbiological circadian clock acts differently in malesversus females and may protect females from heart disease.The studyis thefirst toanalyze circadianblood pressure（节奏）rhythms in female mice.The bodyscircadian clock-the biologicalclock thatorganizes bodilyactivities overa24-hourperiod-contributes tonormal variationsin blood pressure andheart functionoverthecourse oftheday.In mosthealthy下降，humans,blood pressuredips atnight.People whodo notexperience thistemporary drop,called“non-dippers aremorelikely todevelop heart disease.The circadian clock ismade upof four main proteinsencoded byclock genesthatregulate closeto halfof allgenes inthe body,including thoseimportant forblood pressureregulation.Previous researchhas shownthat male mice thatare missingoneofthe fourclock genesPERI becomenon-dippersand havea higherrisk forheart andkidney disease.A researchteam studiedthe circadianresponse andblood pressureoffemale micethat lackPERI andcompared themwithahealthy femalecontrol group.On bothlow-and high-salt diets,bothgroups retainedan apparentcircadian rhythm“of blood pressure,the researchersexplained.Unlike themale miceinprevious research,the femaleswithout PERIshowed normaldips in bloodpressureovernight.These resultssuggest thatthe lackof PER1acts differently in malesand females.The findingsare consistentwithresearch showing that women are less likely tobe non-dippers thanmen ofthesameage.uThis studyrepresents an心血管important stepin understandingsex differencesintheregulation ofcardiovascular functionbythecircadianclock,the researcherswrote.
12.What doesthe newresearch findA.Biological clockmay protectmalesfrom heartdisease.B.Biological bloodpressure rhythmsinfemalemice actsnormally.C.Biological clockorganizes bodilyactivities overa24-hour period.D.A genecontrolling biologicalclock worksdifferently betweensexes.
13.What rolecan circadianclock playaccordingtothe textA.Helping malescure heartdisease.B.Helping bloodpressure varynormally.C.Contributing toabnormal variationsin bloodpressure.D.Making upfourmainproteins regulatingalmost halfofallgenes.A.treated.B.warned.C.kept.D.watched.
14.Which wordcan bestreplace theunderlined wordretained“in paragraph
315.What wouldbe asuitable titleforthetextA.One clockgene isimportantC.New studyanalyzes bloodpressure rhythmsD.Blood pressureof healthyhumans dipsat nightB.Women may benefit frombody clock【答案】
12.D
13.B
14.C
15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文主要介绍了控制人体生物钟的基因在男性和女性中的作用不同，女性可能受益于生物钟【题详解】细节理解题根据第一段12“New researchsuggests thata genethat governsthe bodysbiological（）（新的研究表明，circadianclock actsdifferentlyinmales versus femalesand mayprotect females fromheartdisease.控制人体生物钟（昼夜节律）的基因在男性和女性中的作用不同，可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害）可知，新的研究发现，控制生物钟的基因对于男性和女性的作用是不同的故选项D【题详解】13细节理解题根据第二段The bodyscircadianclock-the biologicalclock thatorganizes bodilyactivities overa24-hour（人体昼夜节period-contributes tonormal variationsinbloodpressure andheart functionoverthecourse oftheday.律的在小时内组织身体活动的生物钟有助于一天中血压和心脏功能的正常变化）可知，生物钟有助于血压24和心脏功能正常变化故选项B【题详解】14词句猜测题根据第三段“Unlike themalemicein previousresearch,the femaleswithout PERIshowed normaldips in（与先前研究中的雄性小鼠不同，没有的雌性小鼠在一夜之间血压正常下降）bloodpressureovernight.PERI可知，此句研究结果与前句表示对比，前句表示在低盐和高盐的饮食中，两组小鼠的血压保持明显的昼夜节律，推测划线单词表示“保持，与同义故选项kept C【题详解】15主旨大意题根据第一段（）“New researchsuggests thata genethat governsthe bodysbiological circadianclockacts（新的研究表明，控制人体生物钟（昼differentlyinmalesversusfemalesandmayprotectfemalesfromheartdisease.夜节律）的基因在男性和女性中的作用不同，可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害）可知，生物钟可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害，以及最后一段“The findingsare consistentwith researchshowingthatwomenarelesslikelytobe（研究表明，女性比同龄男性更不可能成为非杓型）可知，女性受到生non-dippers thanmen ofthesameage.物钟的影响，心脏和肾脏疾病风险可能更低，所以“女性可能受益于生物钟”可以作为文章标题故选项B第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项Four Ideasfor BetterSleepMost teensneed8to10hours ofsleep eachnight.But manyteens havetrouble sleeping.Lack ofsleep canaffecteverything from our emotions to how well we focus on tasks like driving.16And itmaybelinked toweight gainin somepeople.How canwe getthe sleepwe needHere aresome ideas:Be activeduringtheday.Youve probablynoticed howmuch runningaround littlekids do——and howsoundly theysleep.17Physicalactivity candecrease stressand helppeople feelmore relaxed.Just dontwork outtoo closeto bedtimebecause exercisecanwake youup beforeit slowsyou down.Say goodnightto yourtelephone orTV18If youcan*t makeyour bedrooma tech-free area,at leastshut everythingdown anhour ormore beforelightsout.Nothing says,Wake up,somethings goingon!n likethe noiseofatext ofa phone.（规律）.Keep asleep routine19Creating aset bedtimeroutine canimprove thisrelaxation effect.So relaxyourself everynight byreading,listening tomusic,spending timewithapet,writing ina journal,or doinganything elsethat relaxesyou.20Stress cancause sleeplessness,so the more yousuffer fromnot sleeping,the greaterthe riskyoull lieawake staringatthe ceiling.Instead ofworrying thatyou won*tsleep,remind yourselfthatyoucan.Say,Tonight,I willsleep welF,severaltimesduringtheday.It canalso helpto practicebreathing exercisesbefore bed.A.Expect agood nightssleep.B.You maywake upinthemiddle ofthenight.C.Experts recommendusing thebedroom forsleep only.D.The moreyou tryto fallasleep,themoredifficultly youcan.E.Learn froma kidandgetat least60minutes ofexercise aday.F.Going tobed atthesametimeeverynight helpsthe bodyexpect sleep.G.It canaffect sportsperformance,and increaseour chancesof gettingsick.【答案】
16.G
17.E
18.D
19.F
20.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文缺少睡眠会影响我们的情绪到专注于各项任务但是许多青少年有睡眠问题，对此，作者提了一些好的建议合理安排锻炼时间、睡前至少一小时前关闭电子设备、养成睡眠习惯等等.【题详解】16上文.（缺乏睡眠会“Lack ofsleep canaffect everythingfromouremotionstohowwellwefocusontaskslikedriving影响我们的一切，从我们的情绪到我们如何专注于驾驶等任务）”讲述缺乏睡眠会给我们带来不好的影响,G项“它会影响运动表现，并增加我们生病的机会”描述了缺少睡眠带来的影响，与上文是并列关系进步解释缺少睡眠的坏处，故选G。
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