初中情态动词用法

情态动词

（一）情态动词的特征:特征例句有一定的词义，均没有人称和数的变He canspeak Japanesevery well.他能够化（除外）把日语说得很好have to,be able toShe cantbe here.她不能在这里不能单独作谓语，必须和行为动词或I have to lookafter myfather.系动词连用，构成谓语我必须照顾我的爸爸具有助动词的作用，可用来构成否定你决不能独自走You mustntgo alone.句，疑问句和用于简单的回答

（二）情态动词的分类情态动词含义使用人称可能，能够各种人称can/could可能，可以各种人称may/might愿意第二人称will/would请求，许可第

一、第三人称shall必须各种人称must需要各种人称need

（三）情态动词的用法Can表示能力时一般译为“能、会”，即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时和均不可代替它may mustEg:Shecan swimfast,but Icant.表不许可，常在口语中You canuse mydictionary.表示推测，意为“可能常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时、译为“不可能”一L can Can itbe ourteacher—No,it cantbe ourteacher.He ison avisit to the GreatWall.Could的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的能力can He could writepoems whenhe was

10.在疑问句中，表委婉的语气，此时没有过去式的思思（注忌回答时用）一could7K couldcan Could I useyour pen一Yes,you canmay表示请求、许可，比can正式在回答由may引导的问句时，作肯定回答时一般可仍用may来回答或用Yes,；作否定回答时根据说话人的语气由强到弱分别选用（）please/can./Certainly./Sure./Of course.must notmustift（禁止），（最好别）等情态动词/can t/had betternot——May Igo out——No,you mustnt.一一May Iopen thewindow Certainly./Sure./Of course.表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或许一般用于肯定句中It mayrain tomorrow表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”通常是用主may++VMay youbehappy!祝你幸福！May yousucceed!祝你成功！的过去式，疑问句中也可指现在的时间，语气比更委婉Might maymight mayMightI askfor aphoto ofyour baby表示推测时可能性低于mayHe isaway fromschool.He mightbe sick.Must must表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定mustift意为“不许、不准”，表示禁止You muststay hereuntil Icome back.公共场合禁止吸烟You mustntsmoke inpublic.对引导的疑问句，肯定回答为否定回答为must must/have to,dont have to/neednt一Must Istay herefor anhour——No,you neednt./No,you dont haveto.表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句mustThis bookmust beLi Pingsbecause hisname ison thecover.作情态动词时，表不需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中need needIneednt weara coat.oI dontthink youneed worry.用提问时，肯定回答用否定回答need must,don haveto/needn一Need Istay hereany longer一Yes,you must.0一No.you neednt./donthaveto还可以作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，如果是人作主语后边多接动词不定式needWe needsome help.I dontneed thingslike that.表示征求对方意见（多用于第

一、三人称）.Shall shallShallwe goout for a walk引出的疑问句用于第一人称，表示征求对方意见或客气的请求其回答方式有以下几种shallYes,please.All right.No,thank youShould的过去式shallIf1should fail1would tryagain意为“应该”，可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等.shouldYou shouldfinish your homework early.We shouldntwaste time.川表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种人称Will wIwill helpyou ifIm freethis afternoon.表示过去时间的意愿WouldwouldWe invitedhim tothe partybut hewouldnt come.用在第二人称的一般疑问句中，主要表示征求对方的意见Will/wouldWould youplease lookafter mydog whileI amawayWill youplease helpme carrythe box情态动词易混淆点一和can be able to:两者表示能力时用法相同，但只有原形和过去式两种形式，在其他时态中要用来表示另can“can”“could beable to外常常指经过努力，花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事beable to如:,吉姆不会说英语Jim cantspeak English.他五岁时就会说英语Hecouldspeak Englishat5下星期我们将会见到他Well beable tosee himnext week..他已经会开车了He hasbeen ableto drive我相信你能迅速地完成Im sureyoull beableto finish itquickly..我们能在中午到达山顶We wereabletoreach thetop ofthe mountainat noon二.和两者都表示“必须”的意思，但含有说话人主观上的看法、态度；则表示客观上的需must haveto musthaveto要You wearsports shoeswhen youclimb amountain.A.cant B.shouldnt C.mustnt D.have toItrained heavily,so westay athome watchingTV orsurfing theInternet allday.A.could B.had toC.must情态动词练习一

1.Must wefinish givingout theposters today.［太原］——Yes,we.It cantbe putoff anylongerA.can B.may C.must一

2.I didntpass themath test.I thinkI havespent toomuch timeplaying computer games recently.一［］I agree.You playlike thatany more.MWA.neednt B.mustnt C.may notD.wouldnt［南京］

3.When trafficlights arered.We stopand wait.A.may B.canC.must D.might.

4.T reallylike playingcomputergames!一.［宜昌］Im afraidyou stop,for yourstudy andyour health一

5.CouldIborrow yourdictionary一•［陕西］Of courseyouA.can B.must C.should D.will一

6.Listen!Is Tomsinging inthe classroomA.am B.will C.may D.must一.［长沙市］No.It beTom.He hasgone toParisA.may notB.neednt C.cant一一.［北京］

7.Mary,you speakChinese Yes,only alittleA.must B.need C.may D.can［安徽］

8.Schools allowstudents atleast onehour aday forsports.A.would B.might C.should D.could［广东］

9.You betired afterworking foreight hourswithout arest.A.can B.may C.must D.need一

10.Look atthe boyrunning onthe ground.Is itDavis［黄冈］-It behim.I sawhim go totheteachers officejust now.A.must B.cant C.could D.might含有情态动词的一般疑问句回答,一1,Must Ianswer thisquestion inEnglish一No,you.课后练习A.mustnt B.neednt C.cant D.shouldnt一

2.May Iwatch TVfora while—No,you.You havetofinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.shouldnt B.neednt C.mustnt D.wont

3.—I havea ticket,please—Sorry,sir.All thetickets weresold outten minutesago.A.May B.Need C.Must D.Should

4.—we cleanthe classroomat once——No,you.You cleanit afterschool.A.Must;neednt;may B.Must;mustnt;canC.Shall;cant;must D.Need;mustnt;may一

5.Whose schoolbagis this一It beMary9s.It hasher nameon it.A.can B.may C.will D.must一

6.May Tplay computergames forawhile,Mum一No,you.You havealready playedfor twohours.A.shouldnt B.neednt C.mustnt D.wont一

7.Will youstay forsome moredays一Sorry,I.My mothercalled toask meto goback atonce.A.mustnt B.may notC.cant D.wouldnt

8.——Must Ifinish thehomework now—No,you.But youmust finishit beforenext class.A.cant B.may notC.mustnt D.neednt一

9.Would youlike togotothe parkwith me一rd loveto,but Imafraid I.A.cant B・mustnt C.neednt D.shouldnt。