还剩19页未读，继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览，全部文档请下载后查看！喜欢就下载吧，查找使用更方便
文本内容:
崇明区学年第一学期高三第一次模拟考试2023英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分请将答案填涂在答题纸上）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In SectionA,you willhear tenshort conversationsbetween twospeakers.At the end ofeachconversation,a questionwill be asked aboutwhat wassaid.The conversationsand the questions will bespoken onlyonce.After youhear a conversation and the questionabout it,read thefour possibleanswers onyour paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.A.In ahotel.B.In abank.C.In a classroom.D.In abox office.
2.A.18:
25.B.18:
55.C.19:
05.D.19:
15.
3.A.There aredifferent kindsof folders.B.It doesntmatter whichcolor sheuses.C.This decisionrequires carefulthought.D.The colorshouldnt suggest the content.
4.A.He doesntlike the man.
8.He startedthe semesterin abad mood.C.He isntusually bad-tempered.D.Hell beunder greatpressure nextweek.
5.A.Find anapartment soon.B.Apply forcampus housing.C.Avoid livingnear the campus.D.Share theplace hesrenting.
6.A.Their plansin the new semester.B.The itemstheyre goingto deliver.C.Their part-time jobsin thevacation.D.The dailyroutines theyshare atschool.
7.A.Buy Daisya newnotebook.B.Apologize toDaisy againby phone.C.Go to see Daisyimmediately.D.Leave Daisyalone for the timebeing.
8.A.She doesnthave acomputer.B.She needs to haveher computerrepaired.C.She cantunderstand theinstructions.D.She has a doctorsdegree incomputer science.B.
9.A.He forgotto cancelthe reservation.He doesntknow howto getto the restaurant.D.C.They cango to the restaurantlate at night.They donthave areservation at the restaurant.B.
10.A.Hes willingto helprun the experiment.Hes busyworking onhis ownexperiment.C.He canact asa subject in theexperiment.D.He thinkstheexperimentis hardto understand.Section BDirections:In SectionB,you willhear twoshort passages and one longer conversation,and you will beaskedseveral questionson eachof them.The passagesand the conversation will be readtwice,but thequestions willbespoken onlyonce.When youhear a question,read thefour possibleanswers onDirections:Read the following passage.Fill ineach blankwith aproper sentencegiven in the box.Each sentencecan beused onlyonce.Note that there aretwo moresentences thanyou need.A.Here weshow howthis worktranslates tohumans.B.Many college students experienceirregular andinsufficient sleep.C.The studyevaluated more than600first-year students across fivestudies atthree universities.D.Most surprisingto mewas thatno matterwhat wedid to make theeffect go away,it persisted.E.The resultsare availablein theFeb.13issue of the Proceedingsof the National Academyof Sciences.F.Total nightly sleep is a potentiallyimportant andunderappreciated behaviorsupporting academicachievement.Nightly SleepIs Keyto StudentSuccessFor youngadults,college is a timeof transition.It may be thefirst timestudents have the freedomtodetermine howto spendtheir time,but thisfreedom comeswith competinginterests from academics,socialevents andeven sleep.A multi-institutional team of researchersconducted thefirst studyto evaluatehow theduration ofnightlysleep earlyin thesemester affectsfirst year college studentsend-of-semester gradepoint averageGPA.Using sleeptrackers,they found that studentson averagesleep
6.5hours a night,but negativeoutcomes builtupwhen studentsreceived lessthan sixhours of sleep anight.67David Creswell,the WilliamS.Dietrich IIProfessor inPsychology andNeuroscience at the DietrichCollegeof Humanitiesand SocialSciences,led ateamofresearchers to evaluate therelationship betweensleep and GPA.“Animal studieshave shownhow criticalsleep isfor learningand memory,“said Creswell.“68Theless nightly sleepafirst-yearcollegestudent getsat thebeginning of the schooltermpredicts lowerGPA atthe end of theterm.Lack ofsleep maybe hurtingstudents9ability tolearn in theircollege classrooms.69The researchersfound that students whoreceive lessthan sixhours ofsleep experienceda/相对应pronounced declinein academicperformance.In addition,each hourofsleeplost correspondeda
0.07decrease inend-of-term GPA.“Once youstart droppingbelow sixhours,you arestarting to add massivesleep debtthat canharm astudentshealth andstudy habits,damaging thewhole system/9said Creswell.70“A popularbelief amongcollegestudentsis valuingstudying moreor partyingmore overnightlysleep/9said Creswell.€€0ur workhere suggeststhatthere are potentiallyreal coststo reducingyour nightlysleep onyourability tolearn and achieve incollege.Theres realvalue inbudgeting for theimportance ofnightlysleep.”IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize themain ideaand themain pointsof the passage innomore than60words.Use yourown wordsas faras possible.
71.Call a Physical TherapistYouget upfrom thesofa and-ow!Back paintakes yourbreath away.Do youreach for the painpills No!Call a physical therapistinstead!More andmore,physical therapy,or PT,isacommon go-to fortreating achesand pains.A physicaltherapist can treat almost anyinjury to give apatient abetter qualityof life.When itcomes totreatment,onesize does not fitall.A physical therapist personalizesa treatmentplan basedon theirobservations and thepatients concerns.The goal is to help injuredor illpeople improvemovement andmanage pain,so they canlive lifeto thefullest.These therapistswork withpatients whosuffer fromback orneck injuries.They helppeoplerecover frombroken bones and surgeriesas wellas workersports-related injuries.Physical therapists动手的also teachpeople howto stayin shapeand preventfurther injuries.Their hands-on therapyincludesstrengthening orstretching exercises,ice orheat andmore.No onecan become a physicaltherapist withoutgetting adoctor ofphysical therapydegree.Aftercompleting it,a personmust passa professionallicense exambefore beginningto practice.Further,being aphysicaltherapistcan be mentallyand physicallydraining becauseof thehands-on,personalized patientcarerequired.A successfulphysicaltherapist needstohave greatcommunication skillsand aneye fordetail.Theyshould alsobe creativeproblem solversas wellas resourceful.For thoselooking for a satisfyingcareer,PT is one toconsider.The demand for theprofession isgrowingfaster thanthat ofmany othercareers.Private clinicsand hospitalshire physicaltherapists.Sports facilitiesandprofessional sportsteams alsoemploy them.Therapists maywork inskilled nursingfacilities orvisit patientsin their ownhomes.If someonewants tosee the world,they maywant to becomeatravel physicaltherapist.V.TranslationDirections:Translate thefollowing sentencesinto English,using thewords given in thebrackets.这个保安负责又睿智，让公司避免了损失
72.save.他每月从生活费中留出一笔钱，以防患于未然73case为了吸引听众的注意，这个心理专家在开始讲座前，分享了他自己悲伤却励志的成长故事
74.draw这个导览机器人在很多方面有了改进，不仅可以为参观者提供需要的信息，甚至还能带他们去目
75.的地whichVI.Guided WritingDirections:Write anEnglish compositionin120-150words according to theinstructions givenbelow inChinese..假设你是明启中学高三学生徐晶，学校最近就如何组织好每天上午分钟的大课间活动征求全7630校学生的意见你给负责的王老师写一封电子邮件，内容包括有关组织大课间活动的建议；你的理由注意不要在邮件中提及你的真实姓名和学校等相关信息英语听力部分Listening ComprehensionSectionADirections:In SectionA,you willhear tenshort conversationsbetween twospeakers.At the end ofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeasked aboutwhat wassaid.The conversationsand thequestions willbespoken onlyonce.After youhear aconversation andthequestionabout it,read thefour possibleanswers onyourpaper,and decidewhich oneis the best answerto thequestion youhave heard.
1.W:Excuse me,but Iwant toopen anaccount.Shall Ifill inthis formM:Yes.You need to fill in aform,but notthis one.Go overto thatdesk andthe manthere willhelp you.Q:Where doestheconversationmost probablytake place
2.W:As faras I know,the filmwill startataquarter tonineteen.M:Dont worry.Weve stillgot20minutes and we cango to the barand have a drink.Q:What timeis itnow
3.W:I dontknow whichcolor folderto use,white orbrownM:What differencedoes itmake Itsthe contentthats important.Q:What doesthe manmean
4.M:Whafs wrongwith Robtoday Heshouted atme forno reason.W:Dont worry.It9s justtheend of thesemester pressure.Hell behis oldself nextweek.Q:What doesthe womansay aboutRob
5.M:George needsto findanother placeto live.The apartmenthe rentsnow hasbeen soldto anew owner.W:Hed betterstart lookingright away.When allthe studentscome backin afew weeks,he wontfind anynearthecampus.Q:What doesthe womansuggest Georgedo
6.M:Washing dishesatthecafeteria everyday isreally boring.There9re stillthree weeksto gobefore thenewsemester.W:Why dont you quitand deliverflowers withmeQ:What arethe speakersmainly talkingabout
7.M:Daisy wasannoyed yesterdaybecause Ilost hernotebook.Should Igo tosee herand apologizeagainW:Well,if Iwere you,Td lether cooloff afew daysbefore Iapproach her.Q:What doesthe womansuggest the man do
8.M:I seeyou haventgot thatprogram torun onyour computeryet.Want meto goover theinstructionalmanual withyouW:That wouldbe great.I needaPh.D.to understandit.Q:What can be inferredabout the woman
9.W:Im sorry.I needto worklate tonight,so youshould probablycancel ourreservation attherestaurant.M:Oh,actually Ivenever gotround tomaking onein thefirst place.Q:What doesthe manmean
10.W:You knowril beconducting mypsychological experimentthis Saturday.Could youhelp meregisterthe subjectsM:Ive gotsome workof myown to do.But I guess Ican makesome time.Just letme knowwhat Imsupposedto do.Q:What doesthemanmeanSection BDirections:In SectionB,you willhear twopassagesand onelongerconversation.After eachpassage orconversation,youwillbeaskedseveral questions.The passagesandtheconversation willbe readtwice,butthe questionswillbespoken onlyonce.When youhear aquestion,read thefour possibleanswers onyourpaper and decidewhich oneis thebest answerto thequestion youhave heard.Questions11through13are basedon thefollowing talk.Maggie,a biologyand chemistrystudent atJohn CarrollUniversity,never thoughtthat oneday shewouldbe in a classroomwhere anEnglish teacherasked herto playa boardgame inorder tolearn aboutclimate change.Debra Rosenthalis theEnglish professor.At first,Maggie saidshe wasuncertain aboutRosenthaPs boardgameidea.However,Rosenthal thoughther studentswould gain a greaterunderstanding abouthow theirownideas andexperiences affectclimate change.After testingthe gameswith someadults,she gotpermission tobuysix copiesof agame calledSolutions.The goalis topick cardsand thenadd them to the game boardin awaythat helpsreduce globaltemperatures.Students donot competeagainst eachother.They worktogether tochoosethebestplan of action.The gameis differentfrom otherboard gameswhere thegoalis to win.Rosenthal saidshe hopedthe gameswould givestudentsachance totalk aboutclimatechangein anew way.During mostclasses,students readmaterial andthen discusstheir ideas.Students laughed,disagreed andhadto callfor votesasaway todecide howto moveforward in the game.Maggie saidit wasa“way tohavefun...while alsolearning aboutsuch aserious subject.^^Now listenagain,please.Questions:
11.What is the talkmainly about
12.What didRosenthaPs lessonsfeature
13.How didMaggies attitudetoward RosenthaPslessons changeQuestions14through16are basedon thefollowing talk.Toymakers aredeveloping newgames andchanging oldones totarget adifferent group:people over65years old.Toy producerssuggesttheproducts couldhelp older people increasetheir brainskills aswell asreduce loneliness.However,some expertshave raiseddoubts about their claims.Ben Swartz,92,lives with his85-year-old wifeinaretirement community.He ran14toy storesin the1970s.He hasnoticed someof thenew offeringsfrom thetoy industry,and heapproves of the moves.Heplays gamesfive daysa weekwithhisfriends.He saidthe gameshelp his mind,otherwise,he wouldworrythat his“mind wouldstart togoa little bitslow.”While some scientists welcometoymakers payingattention to older buyers,they alsowarn of theseproducts,limitations.Neil Chamessand WalterBoot,both ofFlorida StateUniversity,worked togetherto testtheidea thatbrain gameshelp preservemental abilitiessuch asreasoning orthinking.They foundthat peoplegetbetter in the specificskills of thegameif theyplay overand overagain.But thegames donot translatetomental abilitiesneeded for everyday livingactivities,like maintainingindependent living.The researchersalsosaid thatthere is limited evidenceto datethat playinggames cangreatly reduceloneliness.Now listenagain,please.Questions:
14.What doesBen Swartzthink of the toys for older people
15.What didsomescientistsfind about the toystargeting oldpeople
16.What isthe talkmainly aboutQuestions17through20are basedon thefollowing conversation.W:Roger,dontyouthink being out in the woodsatnightis pretty scaryM:Not atall.Isnt itgreat beingout innature Ilove breathingthe fresh air andexercising.W:Sure...Iguessits notso bad.You dontthink there are bearsin thesewoods,do youM:Of coursethere are!But dontworry,bears arepretty shyand wonthurt us.They onlywant toeat ourfood.W:But whatif thebears thinkthat Iam foodM:Dont worry,Daphne,I knowwilderness firstaid.And Ican tellghost storiesto takeyour mindoff thebears.W:Ghost storiesIts alreadyprettyscarybeingouthere in the dark.M:Oh,there is nothing tobe afraid of outhere!Youre notscared of the dark,are youW:Of courseIm notafraid of the dark.What Vmafraidof are allthe thingsthat arehiding outthere in thedark!I keephearing reallystrange noisesout in the dark!Can youhear themM:Calm down,Daphne!Its justthe wind!I dontthink yourecut outfor camping.W:Iknow.Next timeyou wanttodosomething fun,lets dosomething inthe city.Til behappy tobuy youmovietickets aslong aswe donthave togo campingagain.Now listenagain,please.Questions:
17.What arethe twospeakers talkingabout
18.What isthewomanworried about
19.What doesthemanintend todo tohelp thewoman forgether worry
20.What canbe learnedabouttheman fromthe conversationThatstheendof thelistening comprehension.参考答案及评分标准（共分第至小题，每题分；第至小题,每题分）I.Listening Comprehension
25110111201.
51.B
2.A
3.B
4.C
5.A
6.C
7.D
8.C
9.D
10.AII.B
12.C
13.A
14.A
15.D
16.D
17.D
18.C
19.D
20.B（共分每小题分）IL Grammarand Vocabulary
20121.had developed
22.offering
23.published
24.was considered
25.when
26.to tell
27.what
28.before
29.something
30.that/which
31.G
32.K
33.A
34.H
35.F
36.E
37.B
38.C
39.J
40.
141.D
42.C
43.B
44.D
45.A
46.B
47.D
48.B
49.C
50.A
51.A
52.D
53.B
54.C
55.C
56.A
57.C
58.C
59.B
60.C
61.D
62.B
63.A
64.A
65.C
66.D
67.E
68.A
69.C
70.D（共分第至小题，每题分；第至小题,每题分）III.Reading Comprehension454155156702（共分）IV.Summary Writing10Physical therapistsoffer personalizedtreatment toimprove injuredpeoples qualityof life.They alsoteachpeople tokeep fitand avoidfurther injuries.To becomeaphysicaltherapistneedsto meetmany requirementslike a doctorsdegree,a professionallicense,good communicationskills,sensitivity fordetail andcreative（）problem-solving skills.Currently,theres agrowing demandfor physicaltherapists.58words档次内容语言A55B44C33D22E11F00评分标准本题总分为分，其中内容分，语言分
1.1055评分时应注意的主要方面内容要点、信息呈现的连贯性和准确性
2.词数超过酌情扣分
3.60,各档次给分要求内容部分能准确、全面地概括文章主旨大意，并涵盖主要信息A.能准确概括文章主旨大意，但遗漏个别主要信息B.能概括文章主旨大意，但遗漏部分主要信息C.未能准确概括文章主旨大意，遗漏较多主要信息或留有过多细节信息D.几乎不能概括文章的主旨大意，未涉及文中有意义的相关信息E.完全未作答或作答与本题无关F.语百舌分B•能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述A.能用自己的语言较连贯、正确地表述，但有个别语言错误B.基本能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述，但连贯性较差，且有少量不影响表意的语言错误C.基本能用自己的语言表述，但连贯性较差，且严重语言错误较多D.几乎不能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述E.完全未作答或作答与本题无关F.（共分）V.Translation
1572.The securityguard isresponsible andwise,and savedthe companyfrom loss.
73.He setaside asum ofmoney fromhis livingexpenses eachmonth incase ofemergency.
74.To drawthe audiencesattention,the psychologistshared hissad butinspiring storyof growingup beforestartingthe lecture.
75.This guidingrobot,which hasimproved inmany aspects,can not only providevisitors with theinformation theyneed,but alsoeven takethem to their destination.翻译评分标准.第题，每题分第题分，第题分11-233445在每题中，单词拼写、标点符号、大小写错误累计每两处扣分
2.1语法错误每处扣分每句同类语法错误不重复扣分
3.
1.译文没有用所给单词，扣分41（共分）VI.Guided Writing25档次内容语言组织结构A9-109-105-4B7-87-83C5-65-62D3-43-41E0-20-20评分标准:本题总分为分，按五个档次给分
1.25A,B,C,D,E评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调
2.整档次，最后给分其中，内容和语言两部分相加，得分或以上者，可考虑加分,分以154-515上下只能考虑加分0,1,2,3词数少于总分最多不超过分
3.70,10评分时，应注意的主要内容为内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯
4.性及语言的得体性拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑英、美拼
5.写和词汇用法均可接受如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次
6.内容要点可用不同方式表达，对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分
7.各档次给分要求内容部分内容充实，主题突出，详略得当A.内容较充实，能表达出作文要求
8.内容基本充实，尚能表达出作文要求C.遗漏或未能写清楚主要内容，有些内容与主题无关D.明显遗漏主要内容，严重离题E.完全未作答或作答与本题无关F.语言部分具有很好的语言表达能力，语法结构正确或有些小错误，主要因为使用了较复杂结构或词汇所致A.句子结构多样，词汇丰富具有较强的语言表达能力，语法结构和词汇的应用基本正确，错误主要是因为尝试较复杂结构或词B.汇所致句子结构多样，词汇较丰富有一些语法结构和词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解句子结构有一定的变化，词汇使用得当C.语法结构与词汇错误较多，影响了对内容的理解句子结构单调，词汇较贫乏D.语法结构与词汇的错误很多，影响了对内容的理解词不达意E.完全未作答或作答与木题无关F.组织结构部分自然地使用了语句间的连接成分，全文流畅，结构紧凑A.能使用语句间连接成分，全文较流畅，结构较紧凑
9.yourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.
11.A.A neweducational theory.B.An innovativetry atteaching.C.A diligentuniversity student.D.A serioussubjectina university.
12.A.Serious subjectsto write about.B.Fierce competitionamong students.C.Happy andcooperative learning.D.Various topicsfor studentsto votefor.
13.A.Suspicious atfirst butpositive later.B.Welcome atfirst butuncertain later.C.Disapproving atfirst butshocked later.D.Excited atfirst butdisappointed later.Questions11through13are basedon thefollowing passage.Questions14through16are basedon thefollowing passage.
14.A.They arebeneficial tohismind.B.They arehelpful tohis socialrelationship.C.They canboost thetoy industry.D.They canattract attentiontoolderpeople.
15.A.They onlyreduceloneliness.B.They limitreasoning orthinking abilities.C.They cantimprove specificskills.D.They canthelp maintainindependent living.
16.A.The necessityof developingtoysfor olderpeople.B.The type of toysthat olderpeople areinterested in.C.Toy makerseffort toproduce gamesforolderpeople.D.Different viewson theeffects oftoys onolderpeople.Questions17through20are basedon thefollowing conversation.
17.A.A ghoststory.
8.The bearshabits.C.A scarymovie.D.The campingatmosphere.
18.A.They mayget lostinthedark.B.Their foodmaybestolen bybears.C.Bears maymistake herfor food.D.There mayappear ghostsinthewoods.
19.A.Teach herwilderness firstaid skills.B.Share hisrich campingexperiences.C.Guide herto breathefreshairdeeply.D.Distract herattention withghost stories.
20.A.He dislikeswatching movies.B.Hes fondof beingexposed tonature.C.Hes gotlittle experiencein camping.D.He believesthereareno bearsinthewoods.IL Grammarand VocabularySectionADirections:After readingthe passagebelow,fill inthe blankstomakethe passagecoherent andgrammaticallycorrect.For theblanks with a givenword,fill ineach blankwith theproper formofthegivenword;fortheother blanks,use one word thatbest fitseach blank.能使用简单的语句间连接成分，全文内容连贯C.尚能使用语句间连接成分，语言连贯性较差D.缺乏语句间的连接成分，语言不连贯E.完全未作答或作答与本题无关F.Life MayActually FlashBefore YourEyes onDeathNew datafromascientific“accident”has suggestedthat lifemay actuallyflash beforeour eyesas wedie.A teamof scientistsset outto measurethe brainwavesof an87-year-old patientwho21develop癫痫神经学的epilepsy formany years.But duringthe neurologicalrecording,he suffereda fatalheartattack,22offer anunexpected recordingofadying brain.It revealedthat inthe30seconds beforeand after,the mansbrainwaves followed the same patterns asdreaming or recalling memories.Brain activityof thissort couldsuggest thata finalrecall oflife,9may occurina personslast moments,the teamwrote in their study,23publish inFrontiers inAging NeuroscienceonTuesday.Dr AjmalZemmar,aco-author ofthe study,said thatwhat theteam,then basedin Vancouver,Canada,accidentally got,24consider thefirst-ever recordingofadying brain.So willwe geta glimpseback atthosemoments25we stayedwith lovedonesandother happymemories Dr Zemmar saidit wasimpossible26tell.If Iwere tojump tothe philosophicalarea,I wouldguess thatif the brain dida flashback,it wouldprobablylike toremind youof goodthings,rather thanthe badthings,“he said.But27is memorablewouldbe differentforeveryperson.”Dr Zemmar,now aneurosurgeon atthe Universityof Louisville,said inthe30seconds28the patienfsheart stopped supplyingblood tothebrain,his brainwavesfollowedthe samepatternsas whenwe carryout高认知要求的high-cognitive demandingtasks,like concentrating,dreamingorrecallingmemories.Itcontinued30seconds after the patienfsheartstoppedbeating.I thinktheres29mysterious andspiritualabout thiswhole near-death experience,DrZemmarsaid.“And findingslike this—ifs amoment30scientists livefbr.”Section BDirections:After readingthepassagebelow,fillineach blankwithaproper wordgiveninthe box.Eachword canonly beused once.Note thatthere is onewordmore thanyou need.A.advantage B.anticipating C.digitally D.facilitating E.geometry F.giantG.initiated H.painstakingly Lpotentially J.reopened K.sought巴黎圣母院How DigitalModeling Playsa KeyRole inRestoring theNotre DameCathedralIts beenmore thanfour yearssince afire damagedNotre Dame,the Catholiccathedral inParis thatshistoricallydrawn millionsof visitorsevery year.Since then,people fromaround the world haveunited tosupport aneffort,31by FrenchPresident,thafsintended tohave thebuilding backopen tothe publicby theendofnext year.Teams workingto restorethe橡木Gothic cathedralhave32to rebuildmuch ofthe damagedsections usingmaterials likeoak woodandstone thathave stoodthe testof centuries.But thebuilders,architects andengineers dohavethe33of some21st centurytechnologies,including（）（）modern buildinginformation modelingBIM softwarethat enablesthemtowork withan34detailed3D digitalmodel ofthe cathedraland surroundingsite,backed bypowerful cloudcomputingtechnology.“It allowsyou toreally understand a lotof howa buildingfits together,how itsconstructed/5saysAndrew Anagnost,CEO ofdesign software35Autodesk.It hascontributed technicalconsulting,software andfinancialassistance tothe projectsince shortlyafterthefire.A digitalmodel,which tookmore thana yeartocreate,includes morethan12,000objects.It wasa complexprocess.Onsite workerscaptured thepoint-by-point3D36ofthe cathedral withlaser（激光）and photoequipment.Then,others turnedthe datapoints fromthat processinto detailedshapes andobjects,down toindividual buildingstones.That letexperts seehow thebuilding shiftedinthefire—important for37any stabilityissues—and planouttheprocess ofreconstruction.Its likeMission:Impossible whenthey plan,“says NicolasMangon,VP ofarchitecture,engineeringand constructionindustry strategyat Autodesk.Every littlepiece isdone38,and withthe3D modelyou can（模拟）simulate everything.Even whenthecathedralis39,the modelmay stillserve importantroles.Mangon saysthe companyiscurrently indiscussions aboutusing itto manageaspects ofthe complexgoing forward,40using sensorsthatcould showthe exactlocation ofany futurefires.IIL ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:For each blank inthefollowingpassage thereare fourwords orphrases marked A,B,C andD.Fill ineachblankwiththeword orphrase thatbest fitsthe context.Sea levelsalong coastlinesintheUnited Stateswill riseabout onefoot by2050,with largerincreases onthe East andGulf coasts,accordingto a comprehensivenew reportby climatescientists.（冰川）Oceans have already risenabout onefoot inthe lastcentury,as climatechange meltsglaciersand icecaps aroundthe world.But thepace is41,scientists warn,andthe next30years willsee thesameamount of sea level rise asthe previous
100.The reportgives themost concreteand certainsea level42ever publishedfortheU.S.And advancesincomputer modelsand real-world informationabout risingseas make it possibletoseethe futuremore43thanever.Sea level rise44dramatically fordifferent parts oftheU.S.coast.The oceanisnotlikeabucket ofwaterthat risesatthesame timeas moreliquid is
45.Ocean46push morewater intosome areasthan others.Ice indifferentregions meltsat differentrates.In manypartsofthe world,sea level rise is47because coastalland issinking.The newreport addsup allthose factorstogive48estimates fordifferent partsoftheU.S.The authorspredict abouta footandahalf ofsea level rise forthe GulfCoast by2050,with particularhotspots fromTexas toMississippi,where exploitationof undergroundoil,gas anddrinking wateris causingtheland torapidly49into therising oceanwater.There are50hot spotsintheMid-Atlantic region,includingAnnapolis,Md.and Norfolk,Va.Overall,theEastCoast is51to experiencealittlemorethana footof sealevelrise inthenext30years.Sea levelrise ishappening more52on theWest Coast,including muchof southernand westernAlaska,the reportfinds.The authorspredict aboutsix inchesofsealevelriseby
2050.William Sweet,a sealevelriseexpert withtheNationalOceanic andAtmospheric AdministrationNOAAandoneofthe authors ofthenewreport,says citiesthat are not yetflooded should53now.Quickening sealevelrisemay requirethat humans54where andhow webuild homes,offices,roads and易发洪水的anything elsethat isbetter drythan wet.Right now,development inflood-prone areasisincreasing,despite climatechange.Beyond2050,the reportmakes clearthat humanshavea55:reduce greenhousegasemissions andcontrol sealevelrise,or keepburning fossilfuels andface oceansthat aretwo,three or even
1041.A.dying downB.paying backC.holding onD.speeding up
42.A.records B.extremes C.predictions D.solutions
43.A.flexiblyB.clearly C.randomly D.incredibly
44.A.continues B.impacts C.multiplies D.varies
45.A.added B.drained C.spilt D.needed
46.A.creatures B.currents C.ecosystems D.voyages
47.A.stable B.crucial C.unlikely D.worse
48.A.national B.regional C.apparent D.approximate
49.A.dig B.turn C.collapse D.dive
50.A.similar B.scenery C.distant D.diverse
51.A.projectedB.obliged D.noticedC.permitted
52.A.sharplyB.mysteriously C.unexpectedly D.slowly
53.A.make senseB.take noticeC.keep paceD.stay proud
54.A.schemeB.cancel C.change D.delay
55.A.promiseB.quarrel C.choice D.protestfeet higherthan today.Section BDirections:Read thefollowing threepassages.Each passageis followedby severalquestions orunfinishedstatements.For eachof themtherearefour choicesmarkedA,B,C andD.Choose theone thatfits bestaccordingtotheinformation giveninthepassage youhave justread.AMost teachersassign novelsfor studentsto readnot write.But manyteachers nationwidearenotonlyasking studentsto readnovels butalso givingthem amonth to write them.Yes,you readthat right:one month.However,students participating in NovembersNational NovelWriting MonthNaNoWriMo donotcomplain aboutbeing overworked.Instead,they havebeen knownto ask,Can wework onour novelstodayThats because,above all,NaNoWriMo ismeant tobe fun.An exercisein seat-of-your-pants^novel writing,it hasalmost norules.The Officeof Lettersand Lightisthenonprofit behindthe event.It believesthis carefreeapproachencourages writersto takeimaginative risksand trulyenjoy theirwork.Founded in1999,the adultversion oftheevent requiresonly thatyou commityourself tomaking anattempt atnovel writingand submittinga novelof50,000words,no matterhow goodor badthey are,by theendofNovember.Since2005,NaNoWriMo hasentered manyclassrooms,including thoseof NationalWriting Projectteachers,through itsYoung Writers Program.In addition,teachers receiveaclassroomkit featuringaprogress chart,stickers tomark word counts,and buttonsfor writerswho cross the finish line.About1,800classrooms and45,000kids andteens participatedlast year.The rules for under-18writersare thesame asthose foradults.But thereisoneimportant exception:young writerscan picktheir ownreasonableyet challenging,,word length.If astudent electsto write,say,18,000words andachieves thisgoalin amonth,he orshe isa winner.Awards includea handsomewinners certificate”andapromotional codetoreceive afree boundproof copyofthefinished novel.国本写作The YoungWritersProgramalso facilitatesScript Frenzy,a similarscriptwriting Jeventthat happenseach Apriland challengesparticipants to writea100-page scriptin30days.While youngwriters workprimarily asindividuals,teachers arealso encouragedtowritealong withthem.
56.It canbe inferredthatstudentsusually afterparticipatinginNaNoWriMo.A.enjoy themselvesB.overload themselvesC.look courageousD.become distracted
57.By seat・of-your-pants inparagraph2,theauthormeans.A.the novel writing activitygives itsparticipants pantsas awardsB.the participantshave tostick on their seatsfor longwriting novelsC.the participantsare freetowritewhatever novelstheycanimagineD.the novelwriting activityneeds newrulesforparticipants tofollow
58.What canbe learnedabout therulesfor adolescentwritersA.They shouldcrossthefinishlinebefore participating.B.They canlengthen theduration of their writingprocess.C.They candecide on their novelswordcountsthemselves.D.They shouldsubmit novelson theirteachers,recommendation.
59.The passageis mainlyaimed at.A.explaining theobjectives ofan eventB.giving ageneral introductionto aneventC.illustrating thebenefits ofnovelwritingD.attracting teachersto joina writingprogramB加口SOCIETYWays toGiveHomeIWaystoGiveYOUR IMPACTBEGINSTODAYHelp ussolve ourworlds mostWeve builta sustainable,innovative businessmodel thatallows ustopressing challengesinvest everydollar youdonate directly to our Explorers and programs.When yousupport theNational Geographic Society,notonlyare youTogetherwe cansupportingyour passion fortheplanet,but youalso helpprotect itschangetheworld.wonder.You ensureour missionlives onso wecan continueexploringWith yoursupport,we9rethe planet,saving wildlife,protecting ourocean,empowering thedrivingnew knowledge,workingworlds mostinnovative scientiststohelpsolve theplanefs mysteriestoreduce ourhuman footprinton遗产and challenges,and preservingour ancientheritage forfuturethe planet,and inspiringa newgenerations.generation ofchangemakers toYourgenerous contributionwill immediatelygo towork supportingthevalue thenatural worldand helpthingsyou carepassionately about—not operatingcosts.create abrighter future.SUPPORT OURWORK100%of alldonations godirectlytoourExplorersandprograms.Tax-free giftsNational GeographicSocietyisatax-free organization,andwerely onthe generosityof donorslike youtosupport ourExplorers9work inscience,exploration,education,and storytelling.Single andmonthly donationsEmployer MatchingGifts ManyHonor/Memorial GivingMakea gifttoday tohelp companieshaveamatching giftHonor afriend orloved onesexploreand protectour planet.program foremployees.You givepassionforscience,By givingmonthly,your anamount andyour companyexploration,education,andreliable supportallows usto donatesthesame.Double yourstorytelling bymaking anrespondtothemost pressingimpact byexploring yourunusual giftintheirname.programmatic needs.employers matchinggift programs.
60.The abovewebpage isaimed at.A.appealing topeople topreserve ancientheritageB.guiding peopleto investinasustainable businessC.attracting donationsto NationalGeographic SocietyD.publicizing themission ofNationalGeographicSociety
61.To makeyour contributiontwice asmuch,you can.A.support themost pressingemployer B.reduce thetax attachedtothedonationC.makeita giftinthename ofyour friendD.try yourcompanys matchinggift programs
62.What canbe learnedabout NationalGeographic SocietyA.It needsno operatingcosts.B.It isdedicated toprotecting nature.C.Its missionhasnt beenrecognized.D.Its employeesneednt payincome tax.（）CMore thanthree billionpeople relyontheocean tomake aliving,most ofwhom arein developingcountries.As the global populationincreases,the demandfor seafood is expectedto rise,too.Although oceanecosystems arestretched tothe limitby climatechange,overfishing andmore,studiesnevertheless suggestthat seafoodcanbeexpanded sustainablyto meetfuture fooddemands.Success willdependon small-scale fisheries.These fisheriescanberemarkably efficient.Almost everythingthathand-to-mouth fisheriescatch isconsumed.By contrast,around20%ofthefish caughtby industrialships isestimatedtobewasted,mainly becauseof unwantedby-catch.Small fishersrarely havethe rightresources toexpand their operations,orevento survive.If theydoscale up,they mightlose someoftheircurrent advantagesor engageinthesame harmfulpractices asdo largecommercialfisheries.Managed withcare,however,small fisheriescould providewin-wins forlivelihoodsand theenvironment.Most nationsalready havemanagement policiesfor marine ecosystems thatprovide forsmall-scalefisheries.But small-scale fishers9rights toaccess areoften poorlydefined,ineffectively enforcedor unfairly（分配）.（补贝占）distributed Governmentsubsidies alsorequire reform.One estimatefoundthatlarge-scalefishers receiveabout
3.5times moresubsidies thansmall-scale fishersdo.Instead,subsidies andother fundsshouldbe directedtowards small-scale fishersto letthem expandtheir accessto markets,while keepingthemfrom adoptingthe negativepractices oflarge-scale operations.The totalglobal lossand wastefrom fisheriesis estimatedat between30%and35%annually primarilyduetoalack oftechnology,good manufacturingpractices,and infrastructuresuch asdecent roadsand coldstorage.Public andprivate investmentin cold-storage facilitiesand processingequipment couldhelp.Onepromising strategyistopair internationalor nationalfunding withdirect contractsfor feeding programmeslinked toschools,hospitals andsimilar facilities.Such arrangementswould providesmall fisherieswith large,（刺激）consistent marketsand storageinfrastructure thatboosts localconsumption anddoesnotincentivizeoverfishing.Moreover,simple incentiveprogrammes couldbe conductedby funders,managers andlocalgovernments tryingto promotesustainable fisheries.For example,local marketscould displaya ratingsystemfor individualfishers orsmall fisheries.This couldinclude variouselements ofsustainability otherthanenvironmental ones—such asproviding informationonthetypeoffishing equipment,location ofthe catchandfreshness.Promoting therating asa socialresponsibility conceptwould informconsumers ofthe needtosupport sustainable fisheries.Anyway,only jointproblem-solving effortscan deliverseafood protein,sustainably,toaworld thatincreasinglyneeds it.
63.The passagemainly tellsus that.A.small fisheriescan helptheworldif managedwith careB.theglobaldemandforseafoodisincreasing dramaticallyC.small-scale fisheriesneedtobe commercialisedurgentlyD.people indeveloping countriesare morereliable onfishing
64.Small-scale fisheriesare moreefficientbecause.A.what they catch ishardly wastedB.their by-catch accountsforalarger shareC.theycatchfish byindustrial meansD.theiroperationislimitedwithin asmall area
65.What canbeinferred aboutsmall fisheries,current situationA.They gainno supportfrom governments.B.They areexpanding tomeet localdemands.C.They havelittle accessto goodresources.D.They impactmarineecosystemsnegatively.
66.To promotesustainablefisheries,which ofthefollowingisoneoftheauthors suggestionsA.To initiatea ratingsystem forsmall fisherstoevaluatethe localmarkets.B.To providetechnology forsmall fisheriesto boosttheir fishingefficiency.C.To inspirea senseof socialresponsibility inlarge-scale fishersand consumers.D.To facilitatedirect cooperationbetween smallfisheries andfeedingprogrammes.Section C。
个人认证
优秀文档
获得点赞 0
