还剩10页未读，继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览，全部文档请下载后查看！喜欢就下载吧，查找使用更方便
文本内容:
静安区学年度第一学期期末教学质量调研2023高三英语试卷（满分分，完卷时间分钟）140120年月202312考生注意完卷时间分钟，试卷满分分
1.
120140.本调研设试卷和答题纸两部分，全卷共页所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，212做在试卷上一律不得分.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名3第卷（共分）I100I.Listening ComprehensionSectionADirections:In SectionA,you willhear tenshort conversationsbetween twospeakers.At theend ofeach conversation,aquestion willbe askedabout whatwas said.The conversationsand the questions willbe spokenonly once.After youheara conversation and thequestion aboutit,read the four possibleanswers onyour paper,and decidewhich oneis the bestanswer to thequestion you have heard.
2.A.Fellow workers.B.Family members.C.Doctor andpatient.D.Driver andpassenger.
3.A.Choosing psychology.B.Choosing economics.C.Neither is a goodchoice.D.Choosing a major ofinterest.
1.A.In agallery.B.At the barbers.C.In arestaurant.D.At thetailors
4.A.She didnot feelsorry forbeing latefor theappointment.B.She didnot informthe manof herdel ayin advance.C.She wasntreally caughtin thetraffic jam.D.She wasntalways latefor theappointment.
5.A.It waslost andwont befound.B.It wastransferred to a differentcity.C.It wasdelivered to her hotelalready.D.It wasstolen duringher trip.
6.A.He hasrealized hestill leavesmuch to be desired.B.He isangry withnot getting the lead role in the play.C.He isconfident aboutgettingtheleadrolenext time.D.He feelsreluctant to take thenew responsibilities.
7.A.They tolda lotof storiesduring themeeting.
8.There isno needfor them to argueso fiercelyin public.
9.Both perspectivesshould beconsidered beforejudging.
10.They shouldhave resolvedtheir issuesin private.
8.A.She has already beento thecafe.B.She isnot interestedin goingto thecafe.70_The fascinationwith doppelgangersmay berooted inhistorical beliefsthat facialresemblance meanttheywere from the samefamily orhad acommon ancestor.It leadsto thehope thatone dayyou willmeet yourlookalike,creating thethrill of a potentiallystrange meeting.However,as theseencounters canbe bothinteresting anddisturbing,we understandthat aftersuch anexperience,you mightnot want to meetyour doppelgangeragain.IV.Summary Writing（）Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize themain ideaand themain points of the passagein nomore than60words.Use yourown wordsas faras possible.Competitive CheerleadingOverthe years,cheerleading hastaken twoprimary forms:game-time cheerleadingand competitive cheerleading.Game-time cheerleadersmain goalis toentertain thecrowd andlead themwith teamcheers,which shouldnot beconsidereda sport.However,competitive cheerleading is more than a form ofentertainment.It isreally a competitivesport.Competitive cheerleadingincludes lots of physicalactivity.The majorityof the teams requirea certainlevel of（翻腾运动）tumbling ability.Its avery commonthing forgymnasts,so itseasy for themto go intocompetitivecheerleading.Usually thesecheerleaders integratelotsof their gymnasticsexperience includingtheir jumps,tumbling,and overallenergy.They alsoperform liftsand throws.Competitive cheerleadingis also an activitythat isgoverned byrules underwhich awinner canbe declared.It isawardedpoints for technique,creativity andsharpness.Usually themore difficultthe actionis,the betterthe scoreis.Thats whycheerleaders aretrying toexperience greatdifficulty in their performance.Besides,there isalsoastrict ruleoftime.The wholeperformance hasto becompleted inless than three minutesand fifteenseconds,during whichthecheerleaders arerequired tostay within a certain area.Any performancebeyond thelimit oftime isinvalid.Another reason for thefact thatcompetitive cheerleadingis oneof thehardest sportsis that it hasmore reportedinjuries.According tosome research,competitive cheerleadingis thenumber onecause ofserious sportsinjuries towomen.Generally,these injuriesaffect allareas of the body,including wrists,shoulders,ankles,head,and neck.There canbe nodoubt thatcompetitivecheerleadingisasport withprofessional skills.It shouldbe notedthatitis ateamsport andeven thesmallest mistakemade byone teammatecan bringthe scoreof theentire teamdown.So withoutworkingtogether to achieve thegoal,first placeis outof reach.第卷供分）n40V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentencesinto English,using the words given in thebrackets..如果不好好准备，周五的演讲可能会变得一塌糊涂（）72preparation.市民们呼吁废纸回收再利用，以减少对原材料的消耗（）73call for.电影里出现了许多主人公穿越沙漠的场景，象征着一种自我发现和成长的过程（）74there艺术博物馆位于中国著名的文化城市杭州，在那里游客们可以欣赏风格多样的艺术作品，仿佛置身于艺术
75.的海洋之中（）whereVI.Guided WritingDirections:Write anEnglish compositionin120-150words according to theinstructions givenbelow inChinese..在不断发展的教育环境中，学生们在课堂上记笔记的方式也发生了显著的变化为了更深入地了解这一趋76势，明启中学学生会决定展开一项有关“高中生记笔记方式”的调查，想了解高中生在课堂上更青睐使用传统纸笔记笔记还是现代高科技产品拍照记笔记假设你是李华，请给学生会写一封邮件表达你的想法你的邮件必须满足以下要求你的选择；你的理由注文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校静安区学年度第一学期期末教学质量调研高三英语试卷参考答案2023LListening Comprehension1-5CADBB6-10ACCCD11-13DBC14-16BDC17-20BCDBI.Grammar andVocabulary
21.specialized
22.as
23.is beingeyed
24.without
25.to simplify
26.an
27.While/Although/Though
28.which
29.citing
30.where/why/how31-35FGDKC36-40AEHJBII.Reading Comprehension41-45CDBCB46-50ADBAC51-55DACDB56-59CDBA60-62CCD63-66BCDB67-70CFADIV.Summary WritingCompetitivecheerleadingisacompetitivesport ratherthan anentertainment activity.lt isphysically demanding.It isarule-governed sportwhere participantsare scoredfortechnique,with astrict timeconstraint for their performances.Moreover,the sportinvolves higherinjury rates,impacting variousbody parts.Good coordinationand teamworkare alsoneededfor success.54words.V.Translation
72.Without properpreparation,Fridays speechcould becomea completemess.
73.Citizens arecalling forwaste paperto berecycled toreduce theconsumption ofraw materials.
74.Tn thefilm,there aremany scenesof thehero crossingthe desert,symbolizing aprocess ofself-discovery andgrowth.
75.The ArtMuseum islocated inHangzhou,a famouscultural cityin China,where visitorscan enjoya varietyof artisticworksas if they werein asea of art.VLGuided Writing略C.She knowsabout thecafe buthasnt visitedit.D.She wantstogoto thecafe rightaway.
9.A.She expectsthe man to helpBrian movetoanew house.B.She expectsthe mantotakemum toBrain*s newhouse.C.She expectsthe manto celebratemums birthday together.D.She expectsthe manto makea phonecall toMum.
10.A.The fantasticand high-quality camera.B.The needfor betterinternet connectivity.C.Their favoritephotography techniques.D.The prosand consof anew smartphone.Sect ionBDirections:In SectionB,you willhear twoshort passagesand onelonger conversation.After eachpassage orconversation,you willbe askedseveral questions.The passagesand theconversation willbe readtwice,but the questions willbe spokenonlyonce.When youhear aquestion,read the four possibleanswers onyour paperand decidewhich onewould be the bestanswerto thequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13are basedon the following passage.
11.A.Its regulardriving practicesand poorvehicles.B.Its lack of greenspaces andair cleaners.C.Its excessivewater pollutionand rubbish.D.Its highair pollutionand crowdedroads.
12.A.Establishing ahigh interestloan scheme.B.Removing outdatedblack andwhite taxis.C.Encouraging customersto createnew ideas.D.Making advertisementson oldvehicles.
13.A.Because customersare morefriendly andricher.B.Because allnew cabsprovide air-conditioning.C.Because allnew cabsare equippedwith meters.D.Because carmanufacturers canearn extramoney.Questions14through16are basedon thefollowing passage.
14.A.Canceling allthe gifts.B.Applying a one-gift rule.C.Giving childrenless timeto play.D.Encouraging buyingsecond-hand gifts.
15.A.Buying arare andexpensive souvenir.B.Buying ahand-made craftproduct.C.Giving somethingthat wontcost money.D.Giving anexperience ofsomething new.
16.A.The wastecaused byChristmas gifts.B.The importance of buyinggifts forchildren.C.The creativeideas ofgiving giftsto avoidwaste.D.The negativeeffects ofreceiving toomany gifts.Questions17through20are basedon thefollowing conversation.
17.A.By tradingphysical items.B.By exchangingartistic creativity.C.By hostingart exhibitions.D.By makingartistic advertisements.
18.A.Painting andwriting.B.Graphic designand photography.C.Music andalbum coverdesign.D.Video editingand projectmanagement.
19.A.Members canbenefit withoutefforts.B.Members canmake moneyby providingartistic services.C.Members canget copyrights of otherartistic offerings.D.Members canhave accessto thecreative exchangelist.
20.A.Competitive individualism.B.Artistic cooperationand inspiration.C.Individual famein theart field.D.Material collaborationand exchange.IL Grammarand VocabularySectionADirections:After readingthe passagebelow,fill in the blanksto makethe passagescoherent andgrammatically correct.For theblankswith agiven word,fill ineach blankwith theproper form of thegiven word;fortheother blanks,use oneword that bestfits each blank.Japans robotrevolution insenior careJapansartificial intelligenceexpertise istransforming theelder careindustry,with/I[specialize roboticcareaccomplishing morethan justtaking pressureoff thecritical shortage of caregivers.Senior carefacilities acrossJapan aretestingout suchnew robots22deliver acollection ofsocial andphysical healthcare and the government-backed initiativehasbeen metwith positivereviews byelderly residents.The rapidlygraying population_23_eye bythe governmentas apotential marketfor medicaltechnology now.Disappointing governmentpredictions showthat by2025,Japans firstbaby boomerswill haveturned75and about7million痴呆.people arelikely tosuffer fromsome form of dementiaThe nationwont be able to avoid adementia crisis24anadditional
380.000senior care workers.The long-standing shortageof professionalcare workershas encouragedthe Japanesegovernment_25simplifyprocedures forforeign caregiversto betrained andcertified.The currentTechnical InternTraining Programbetween Vietnam,the Philippines,and Indonesia,under^6_Economic PartnershipAgreement,was extendedto includenursing careas wellasagriculture,fishery,and constructionsectors.27the governmentmade effortsto increasethe numbersof seniorcareworkers,the targetnumber offoreign graduateshasstill fallenflat,with thenational caregiverexamination provinga majorobstacle topass.The successrate forforeignstudents was a merely106students lastyear,_28_has slightlyimproved to216students thisyear.Another depressingreality isthat19to38percent offoreign nurseswho passthe examopt to leave theindustry andreturn home,29cite toughworkconditions andlong hours.Given thechallenges,this is30the governmentbelieves carerobots willbe ableto stepin.Section BDirections:Complete thefollowing passageby usingthe wordsin the box.Each wordcan onlybe usedonce.Note that there isoneword morethan you need.A.smoothing B.remain C.switched D.likelihood E.impact F.tipG.broadly H.headed I.booming J.positioning K.reliablySea-level risepredictionsA teamof University of Idahoscientists isstudying afast-moving glacierin Alaskain hopesof developingbetterpredictions on how quicklyglobal sea levels willrise.Tim Bartholomaus,a professorin theDepartment ofGeography andGeological Sciences,spent severalweeks onTurnerGlacier inAlaska*s southeasternJ31near DisenchantmentBay.The glacier is uniquebecause,unlike otherglaciers,it risesgreatlyevery fiveto eightyears.A surgingglacierisdefined,^2as one that startsflowing at least10times fasterthan normal.But thehow andwhy ofthatglacial movementis poorlyunderstood,although recent research suggests that globalclimate changeincreases the33_of glacialsurging.During Turnerssurges,the massof ice and rockwill increaseits speedfrom roughly3feet adayto65feet perday.All ofthat isimportant becauseglaciers fallinginto theocean areamajorcontributor tosealevel rise,and currentclimatechange modelsdont_34_account forthese movements.For example,Greenlands glaciersare oneof the leading contributorstoglobal sea-levelrise.Since theearly2000s,Greenland_35_from nothaving anyeffect onworld sealevels,to increasingsealevel byabout1millimeter peryear.Half ofthat yearlyincrease isdue towarmer averagetemperatures,which leadsto moreicemelting.The otherhalf,however,is becauseglaciers inGreenland are,as awhole,moving fasterand runninginto theoceanmore frequently.Glacial movementhas somethingto dowith waterrunning underneaththe glacier.Glaciers arefull ofholes,and waterrunsthrough thoseholes.When thewater pressureis highunderneath aglacier,it startsto move,partly because its liftingthemass oficeandrock offthe groundand partlybecauseits_36_the undersideof the glacier.But howexactly doesthat watermove throughthe glacier,and howdoes themovement_37_the glaciersspeed Thosearethequestionsthe scientistshope toanswer.Bartholomaus,some graduatestudents andresearchers fromBoise StateUniversity,_^8_onto theice inAugust.They setupa basecamp at the toeof theglacier andspent theirdays flyingin onhelicopters.They placedroughly30instruments,（露岩）burying themdeeply intotheglacierand_39_them onrock outcroppingsalongside theglacier.This summerthe teamwillreturn toget theinstruments andreplace batteries.Those instrumentswill40_onandaround theglacier untilthe glaciersurgestops,providing researcherswith beforeand afterdata.III.Reading ComprehensionSectionADirections:For eachblank in thefollowing passages there are fourwords or phrases marked A,B,C andD.Fill ineach blankwith thewordorphrasethatbestfits the context.Investors probablyexpect thatfollowing thesuggestions ofstock analystswould makethem betteroff thandoing theexactopposite.41recentresearchby NicolaGennaioli andhis colleagues shows that thebestway togain excessreturn swouldbe toinvest in the sharesleast favoredby analysts.They computethat,during thelast35years,investing in the10percent ofU.S.stocks analysts were most42_about wouldhave yieldedon average3percent ayear.43-investing in the10percent ofstocksanalystsweremost pessimisticabout wouldhave yieldeda surprising15percent ayear.Gennaioli andcolleagues shedlight onthis j44_withthehelp ofcognitive sciences and,in particular,using KahnemanandTverskys conceptof representativeness.Decision makers,according tothis view,_J-5_therepresentative featuresof agroup ora phenomenon.These aredefined asthe featuresthat occurmore frequentlyin thatgroupthan in a baselinereference group.After observingstrong earningsgrowth-the explanationgoes-analysts thinkthat thefirm may bethenext Google.Googles arein factmore frequent among firmsexperiencing stronggrowth,which makesthem46The problemis that“Googles“are very_47_in absoluteterms.As aresult,expectations becometoo optimistic,and futureperformance_48_.Amodel ofstock pricesin whichinvestor beliefsfollow thislogic canaccount bothqualitatively andquantitatively forthe beliefs（动态变化）of analystsand thedynamics ofstock returns.In relatedwork,the authorsalso showthat the same modelcan49_booms andbusts in the volumeof creditand interestratespreads.These worksare partof aresearch projectaimed attaking insightsfrom cognitivesciencesandat_50_them intoeconomicmodels.Kahneman andTversky*s conceptof“representativeness“lies at the heartof thiseffort.“In aclassical example,we_51_to thinkof Irishmenas redheadsbecause redhair ismuch morefrequentamongIrishmen thanamongthe restof theworld,Prof.Gennaioli says.However,only10percent ofIrishmen areredheads.In ourwork,wedevelop modelsof beliefformation thatshow thislogic andstudy the_52_of thisimportant psychologicalforce in differentfields/9Representativeness helpsdescribe_53_and behaviorindifferentfields,not onlyin financialmarkets.One suchfield istheformation ofstereotypes aboutsocial groups.In arecent experimentalpaper,Gennaioli andcolleaguesshowthatrepresentativeness canexplain self-confidence,and inparticular the_54_of womento competein traditionallymale subjects,such asmathematics.A slightprevalence of_55male mathability in the datais
41.A.Consequently
8.Furthermore C.Nevertheless D.Meanwhile
42.A.curious B.controversial C.concerned D.optimistic
43.A.In briefB.By contrastC.In additionD.Without doubt
44.A.engagement B.concentration C.puzzle D.definition
45.A.memorize B.prioritize C.modernize D.fertilize
46.A.representative B.argumentative C.executive D.sensitive
47.A.harshB.adaptable C.crucial D.rare
48.A.cheersB.disappoints C.stabilizes D.improves
49.A.account forB.count onC.suffer fromD.hold up
50.A.pouringB.admitting C.integrating D.tempting
51.A.pretendB.afford C.offerD.tend
52.A.effectsB.delights C.intervalsD.codes
53.A.companionsB.scalesC.expectations D.findings
54.A.necessityB.involvementC.perseverance D.reluctance
55.A.equivalentB.exceptionalC.mysterious D.distressingenough tomake mathability un-representative forwomen,driving theirunder confidencein this particular subject.Section BDirections:Read thefollowing threepassages.Each passageis followedby severalquestions orunfinished statements.For eachof themthere arefour choicesmarkedA,B,C andD.Choose theonethatfits bestaccording tothe informationgivenin the passage youhave read.（）AMontessori wasborn inItaly in1870with progressiveparents,who frequentlycommunicated withthe country*sleading thinkersand scholars.This enlightenedfamily environmentprovided Montessoriwith manyadvantages overother young girlsof thetime.Her motherssupport wasvital forsome importantdecisions,such asher enrolmentin atechnical schoolafter herelementaryeducation.Her parents*support alsoproved to be essentialfor her decision to study medicine,a fieldthat wasdominated by men.Soon aftergraduating,in1896,Montessori beganwork asa voluntary assistant ina clinicat the UniversityofRome,where shecared forchildren withlearning difficulties.The roomswere bare,with justa fewpieces offurniture.One day,（面包屑）she found that thechildren wereenthusiastically playing with breadcrumbsthat haddropped on the floor.It thenoccurredtoherthattheorigin ofsome intellectualdisabilities couldbe relatedwith poverty.With theright learningmaterials,these andotheryoungminds couldbe nurtured,Montessori concluded.The observationwould leadMontessori todevelop anew methodof educationthat focusedon providingoptimalstimulation duringthe sensitiveperiods ofchildhood.At itscentre wasthe principlethat allthe learningmaterials shouldbe child-sized anddesigned toappeal toall thesenses.In addition,each childshould also be allowedto moveand actfreely,and usetheir creativityand problem-solvingskills.Teachers tookthe roleof guides,supporting thechildren withoutpress orcontrol.（法西斯主义者）Montessori openedher firstChildrens Housein
1907.When the Fascists Erstcame intopowerin Italy in1922,they initiallyembraced hermovement.But theysoon cameto opposethe emphasison thechildrensfreedom ofexpression.Montessoris valueshad alwaysbeen abouthuman respect,and therightsof children andwomen,but the Fascists wantedto useher workand herfame.Things reacheda breakingpoint whentheFascisttried toinfluence theschools*educational content,and in1934Montessori andher sondecided toleave Italy.She didntreturn toher homelanduntil1947,and shecontinued towriteabout anddevelop hermethod untilher deathinl952,attheageof
81.
56.The primaryreasonforMontessori todevelop anew educationalmethod wasA.her familyssupportive influence on hereducationB.her experienceasavoluntaryassistantinaclinicC.her observationofchildrenplayingwithbreadcrumbs happilyD.herdecisiontostudymedicine,a fielddominatedbymen
57.What wasa centralprinciple ofMontessoris educationalmethod asdescribed in the passageA.Providing standardized,one-size-fits-all learningmaterials.B.Encouraging strictdiscipline andcontrol overchildrens actions.C.Focusing onrote memorizationand competition.D.Creating afree andchildren-centered learningenvironment.
58.Montessori decidedtoleaveItalyin1934because.A.she wantedto exploreother countriesand culturesB.she wantedtoavoidtheFascistsinfluenceonher workC.she wasoffered abetter jobinadifferent countryD.she wantedto retireand enjoya peacefullife inanother country
59.Which ofthefollowingwords canbest describeMontessori inthis passageA.Observant andinnovative.B.Traditional andemotional.C.Progressive and dependent.D.Open-minded andindifferent.BReducing theworkweek tofour dayscould have a climatebenefit.In additionto improvingthe well-being ofworkers,cutting working hours mayreduce carbonemissions.But thosebenefits woulddepend ona numberof factors,experts emphasize,including howpeople choose to spendnonworking time.Commuting andtravelTransportation isthe biggestcontributor togreenhouse emissions.A November2021survey of2,000employees and500business leadersintheUnited Kingdomfoundthatif allorganizations introduceda four-day week,the reducedtrips toworkwould decreasetravel overallby morethan691million milesa week.But theclimate benefitsof lesscommuting couldbe eliminated,experts said,if peoplechoosetospend their extratime offtraveling,particularly ifthey doso bycar orplane.Energy usageShorterworkinghourscould leadto reductionsin energyusage,experts said.According toa2006paper,if theUnitedStates adoptedEuropean work standards,the countrywould consumeabout20percent lessenergy.Energy couldalsobeconserved iffewer resourcesare neededto heatand coollarge officebuildings,reducingdemands onelectricity.For example,if anentire workplaceshuts downon thefifth day,that wouldhelp lowerconsumption-less soiftheoffice staysopen toaccommodate employeestaking differentdays off.Lifestyle changesItspossible thatfewer workinghours maylead somepeople tohave alarger carbonfootprint,but expertssayresearch suggeststhat mostpeople arelikely toshift towardmore sustainablelifestyles.One theoryis thatpeople whowork moreand haveless freetime tendto dothings inmore carbon-intensive ways,such aschoosing fastermodes oftransportation orbuying preparedfoods.Convenience isoften carbonintensiveandpeople tendto chooseconvenience whentheyre time-stressed.Meanwhile,some researchsuggeststhatthose whoworkless aremore likelyto engagein traditionallylow-carbon activities,such asspending timewith familyor sleeping.“When wetalk aboutthefour-day workweekandtheenvironment,we focusonthetangible,but actually,ina way,the biggestpotential benefithere isintheintangible,experts said.
60.What isidentified astheleadingcause ofgreenhouse emissionsaccordingtothe passageA.The well-being ofemployees.B.The conservationof energy.C.Commuting andtravel.D.The Europeanworkstandard.
61.What canbe inferredfromtheunderlined sentence“the biggestpotential benefithere isintheintangible,,inthelastparagraphA.People willhave bigpotential inachieving intangiblebenefits whileworking.B.People aremore likelyto engagein carbon-intensive activitiesdue totime constraints.C.People mayshift towardmore sustainablelifestyles andlower carbonfootprints.D.People maytravel morefrequently bycar orplane duringtheirextratime off.
62.The passageis mainlywritten to.A.highlight theimportanceofshortening workingtime inthecontext of well-beingB.provide anoverview oftransportation emissionsworldwideC.analyze theimpact ofreduced workinghours onmode ofbusinessD.illustrate factorsaffecting theclimate benefitsofashorter workweek（）CThe cultivation of plantsby antsis morewidespread thanpreviously realized,and hasevolved onat least15separate occasions.（真菌）There aremorethan200species ofantintheAmericas thatfarm fungifor food,but thistrait evolvedjustonce sometimebetween45million and65million yearsago.Biologists regardthe cultivationof fungiby antsas trueagricultureappearing earlierthan human agriculture becauseit meetsfour criteria:the antsplant thefungus,care forit,harvest itanddependon itfor food.By contrast,while thousandsof ant species areknown tohaveawide varietyof interdependentrelationships withplants,none wereregarded astrue agriculture.But in2016,Guillaume Chomicki and SusanneRenner atthe UniversityofMunich,Germany,discovered thatan antin Fungicultivates severalplants inawaythat meetsthefour criteria for trueagriculture.The antscollect theseeds ofthe plantsand placethem incracks inthebarkoftrees.As the plants grow,they form（排便）hollow structurescalled domainthattheants nestin.The antsdefecate atdesignated absorptiveplaces inthesedomain,providing nutrients fortheplant.In return,as wellas shelter,theplantprovides foodintheformoffruit juice.This discoveryprompted Chomickiand others to review the literature on ant-plant relationshipsto seeif thereareother examples of plant cultivation thathave beenoverlooked.They havenever reallybeen lookedat inthe frameworkofagriculture/9says Chomicki,who isnow attheUniversityof SheffieldintheUK.Its definitelywidespread9（附The teamidentified37examples oftree-living antsthat cultivateplants thatgrow ontrees,known asepiphytes生植物）.By lookingatthefamily treesoftheant species,the teamwas ableto determineonhowmany occasionsplantcultivation evolvedand roughlywhen.Fifteen isa conservativeestimate,says Campbell.All thesystems evolvedrelativelyrecently,around1million to3million yearsago,she says.Whether the37examplesofplant cultivationidentified bytheteamcount astrue agriculturedepends onthedefinitions used.Not allofthespecies getfood fromthe plants,but theydo relyon themfor shelter,which iscrucial forantsliving intrees,says Campbell.So theteam thinksthe definitionof trueagriculture shouldinclude shelteras wellasfood.
63.According tobiologists,why isant-fungus cultivationconsidered asaformof trueagricultureA.Because itoccurred earlierthan human agriculture.B.Because itfulfills thestandards typicalof agriculturalpractices.C.Because itredefines thefourcriteriafortruehumanagriculture.D.Because itis lesscommon thanpreviously thought.
64.What motivatedChomickiandotherstoreviewtheliteratureonant-plant relationshipsA.They determinedon newfamily treesoftheantspecies.B.They overlookedsome tree-living antsthat providednutrientsforthe plants.C.They neverstudied theant-plant relationshipswithin thecontextofagriculture.D.They neveridentified anyantspecies thatengaged incultivationof fungi.
65.Which ofthefollowingstatements issupported bythe teamsfindings accordingtothepassageA.Ants cultivationof plantsis limitedtoafew specificspecies.B.The cultivationoffungiby antsis consideredthe earliestformofagriculture.C.True agriculturein antsinvolves onlyfood-related interactionswith plants.D.Ants haveindependently cultivatedplants onatleast15distinct occasions.
66.What isthepassagemainly aboutA.The evolutionof antsintheplant kingdom.B.The widespreadoccurrence ofant-plantcultivation.C.The discoveryofanew antspecies engagingin agriculture.D.The contrastbetween antagriculture andhumanagriculture.Section CDirections:Read thefollowingpassage.Fill ineachblankwith aproper sentencegiveninthebox.Each sentencecan beusedonly once.Note thattherearetwo moresentences thanyouneed.A.In theend,it turnedout tobeacase ofmistaken identity.B.Doppelgangers willalso havesome ofthe sameDNA as you.C.To enteryour workplace,you likelyneed tobe recognizable.D.Why arepeople interestedin findingtheir possibledoppelgangersE.Eventually,discovering a persons doppelgangermight widentrust boundaries.F.A doppelgangerwas saidtobea spirit-double thatcopied everyhuman andbeast onearth.What isthe likelihoodof youhaving someonewho looksjust likeyou Wouldit bea goodthing Andif youdidhave one,would youwanttomeet themConsiderhow oftenyour facialfeatures areused toidentify you.Your passport,ID cardand drivinglicense allfeatureyour face.67You mayneed yourface tounlock yoursmartphone andpossibly evenneed itto excludeyou frombeingpresent ata crimescene.The word4doppelganger,refers toapersonwho looksthesameasyou,essentially sharingyour features;those thatyouthought wereunique to you andyour identity.Not identicaltwins,asadoppelganger hasno relationtoyou.The ideaoriginatedin Germanfolklore.68_So,lets getreal.What arethe chances of youhaving one inthefirst placeTheres saidtobeaonein135chance ofanexact matchfor youexisting anywhereintheworld,so thechances arepretty low,despite folkwisdom promisingyouotherwise.And thechancesofmeeting Themathematical certaintyof findingthisparticularperson issupposedly lessthanoneina trillion.That said,these statisticsmaybea goodthing.Historically,having adouble wasntalways apositive.Back in1999,an innocentAmerican man,indistinguishable fromthe realcriminal,was sentto prisonfor robbery,where hestayed for19years.69In adifferent case,a womanin NewYork wasaccused oftrying topoison herdoppelganger withdeadlycheesecake sothat shecould stealher identity!。
个人认证
优秀文档
获得点赞 0
