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年中考英语词法总复习形容词副词2019
四、形容词、副词
(一)知识概要形容词的用法很活跃,在英语中用处也很多,但英语中修饰可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语和词组有时不同,要特别加以注意下面将初中学习阶段中遇到的修饰可数名词的I司守口1司组归纳出口下many,no,severaI,some,a few,a lot,Iots,pIenty,pIentyof,a Iotof,a largenumber of,enougho而修饰不可数名词的词或词组如下much,no,some,a lot,a greatdeaI,Iots,plenty,a lotof,plenty ofo其中some,no,a Iotof,p Ientyof既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词英语中形容词与副词有原级、比较级、最高级之分,其规则如下构词法原级比较级最高级加er,或est Ta I Iyoungtai I eryounger taI Iest youngest只力口r或st n i ce I argen icerIarger意为马上过一^会,与in aminute意思相近[误]The trainfrom Shanghaiwi I I arrivehere in time.[正]The trainfrom Shanghaiwi I I arrivehere on time.[析]ontime为准时,而in time有两个含意其一^是及时,如The doctorarr ived intime其二是将来,终究[误]I met an oIdfr iend sometimes Iast month.[正]I met an old f r iend somet ime I astmonth.[析]Sometime过去,或者将来某时Sometimes有时如:Sometimes I go toschooI bybus.Some time一些时间如:I needsometime to do my homework.Some times几次如:I wentto Shanghai somet imes th i smonth.at t i mes有时,偶尔at a I Itimes经常some othertime改天[误]I hadmetan old f r i end three days ago.[正]I hadmetanoldf r iend three daysbefore.[正[I metanoldf r iendthree days ago.*ago用在时间状语中时,主句中谓语动词一般用过去时,而before用于时间状语时则主句的谓语动词宜用完成时态[误.H.stud ie.ver.hard.an.a.th.en.h.passe,th.exam.[正]He studiedvery hard,and in the endhe passedthe exam.[析]in theend=at Iast意为最终,终于,表达经过若干努力而达到的结果而at theend是在某事的结束时乜口何乜口何,如:At theend ofclass,the teachergave ussome storybookso[误]I wi I Icome hereto he I pyou eachthreedays.[正]I wi I Icome hereto he I pyou every threedays.[析]everythreedays为每三天,即每隔二天,而every otherday为每隔一天°[误.H.didn#39;.g.t.th.cinem.yesterday,an..didn#39;.go.too.[正]He didn#39;t goto the cinema yesterdayand I didn#39;tgo either.[析.英语中表示也,有4个字,a I so.a.we I I.too.either,但either用于否定句中,而前3个用于肯定句中在肯定句中too与a.we I I—^殳要用在句尾,而a Iso则可用于句中如:Sh.wen.t.th.part.an.he.bo.f r ien.wen.ther.too.又出口.I#39;v.a Is.rea.he.othe.nove Is.[误]We shouI dhe Ip the poor girli nanyway.[正]We shouI dhe Ip the poor girli nany way.[析]anyway为不管怎么讲,无论如何,如What aterr i bIeacc ident,anyway noone was hurt.any way为任何方式这种常见的错误还发生在以下几组词中,如everyday日常的every day每天faraway遥远的千ar away远离altogether总计a I I together^块,大家^起a I ready已经a I I ready全准备好了[误]You cancome tothe doctor#39;s atanytime.[正]You cancome tothe doctor#39;s atany time.[析]anytime是副词而any time中的time是名词[误]She sa i dnear Iynoth i ng.[正]She sa i da Imost noth i ng.[析]near Iy与almost的含意相近,在很多场合可以互换,但在否定词前用aImost[误]There aretoo muchmi stakes i nyour homework.[正]There aretoo manymi stakes i nyour homework.[析.to.muc.后接不可数名词,如Ther.i.to.muc.wate.fo.th.f Iowers.而to.man.后力口可数名词,muc.to.后面加形容词,出口I.i.muc.to.diff icul.t.I ear.Eng I i s.we I I.[误]11i s I ateenough that we cango homenow.[正]11i sI ateenough forus togo homenow.[析]要注意的是enough后面一般不接从句而接不定式,或不定式的复合结构for somebodytodosomethingo[误]The twins are veryal ike.[正]The twinsare muchal ike.[析]用a为首字母的形容词不能用very修饰,一般要用much来修饰[误]-How Iongdoes hewrite tohis parents.One..week.[正]-How oftendoes hewr i te toh i s parents.One..week.[析]英文与中文表达法不同,隔多长时间办一次某事,实际上问的是该事发生的频率,所以要用how ofteno[误]As soonas Iarrive in New York,l#39;I IcaI Iupyou.[正]As soonas Iarrive i nNewYork,l#39;I Ica I I youup.[析.当动词词组的宾语是人称代词时则一定要放于动词之后,如果是名词则可以放在词组其后如.wan.t.watc.TV.PIeas.tur.o.th.TV.也可以讲・PI eas.tur.th.T.on.[误]He drovequickly his new car.[正[He droveh i snewcar qu i ckI y.[析.副词在句中的位置很活,但主要有以下几种用法
①实意动词之前,如H.quickl.giv.m.th.answer..在be动词之后,如:Th.I i tt I.bo.i.ofte.I at.f o.c Iass..第一,助动词之后,如Th i.boo.ha.a Imos.bee.f i n i shed..在单独使用的be动词和助动词之前,如.Ca.yo.he I.m.th i.afternoon..certa ini.can.但是无论如何也不能将副词置于动词与宾语之间,如果是宾语从句或是很长的名词词组作宾语则才可以这样用He heardcI ear Iy what the teachersaid.[误]The ch i I dren came I ateyesterday totheci nema.[正]The ch i IdrencameIate tothe ci nema yesterday.[析]表示一定长度的时间的副词不应放于句中,可放于句尾如果表示强调则可放于句首[误]You havefew newbooks,haven#39;t you[正]you havefew newbooks,have you[析]英语中的数量形容词有两组修饰可数名词的有few(很少,几乎没有),a few(有一些,几个);修饰不可数名词的有little(很少,几乎没有),a little(有一点,有一些)要注意的是当few和little用于句中时应看作否定句,而a few和a I itt Ie用于句中时则应看作是肯定句[误]He spentquite I i tt Ie money on hi s food.[正]He spentquite a I ittIemoneyonhis food.[析]quite a为一固定用法,其意为十分,相当,所以quitea few=many,quite a I ittle=much而only a I itt Ie=little,on Iya few=few.[误]Do youwant tohave manybread[正]Do youwant tohave somebread[析]some与any都可以用作形容词、副词或代词,在一■般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于疑问句和否定句,但在希望得到肯定答复时,应用some其次是some可以用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词[误]PI easete I I mewhere theshoes shopi s[正]PI easete I I mewhere theshoe shopi s.[析]在用名词作修饰词来修饰另一名词时,这个作修饰词的名词应用单数形式,如a shoeshop鞋店a fruitshop水果店a bookshop书店a postoffice由「局a poI ice station警察局a busstop,气车立占[误]He i s weakat phys i cs.[正[He i s weak i nphysics.[析]在表达擅长于作某事时用be goodat somethi ng,而其反意词为be badat someth i ng,但be weaki nsometh i ngo[误]This dictionary is worthto buy.[正[This dictionaryis worthbuying.[析]be worth后可接动、名词表达值得作某事,又可接价格、金钱表示值多少钱[误]Don#39;t afraid of that.[正]Don#39;t be afraidof that.[析]afraid在英文中是形容词而不是动词这样的词组还有beafraidof害怕be carefu I of小心be certainof有把握,确定be sureof确信be gladof高兴be sickof厌恶be fondof喜欢[误]The workhas a I readybeen donewell.[正[The workhas a Ireadybeen we I I done.[析.we I.与bad I y作副词时,表示好坏,如果句子是被动语态,则应放在过去分词之前,如Th i.mach i n.ha.bee.bad I.damaged.如果句子是主动语态,则应放于句末,如.d i.m.homewor.well.[误]We areyet i n thec Iassroom now.[正]We area Iready i n thec Iassroom now.[析]a Iready主要用于肯定句,而yet多用于否定句和疑问句中,如D i.yo.finis,it.No.no.yet.[误・Look.Her.come,he![正]Look!Here hecomes![误]Look!Here the bus comes![正]Look!Here comes thebus![析]在句子开头用Here时,如主语是人称代词则不要用倒装语序,如果主语是名词则要用倒装语序[误]She is my oIder sister.[正]She i smyeIdersi ster.[析]eIder和eIdest是用来指家庭中兄弟姐妹的长幼关系,而older,oIdest则是指岁数大多少,如She isthree years oIderthan I.[误.l#39;.t i red..can#39;.g.further.[正.l#39;.t ired..can#39;.g.farther.[析]far有两个比较级farther较远的,further进一步的,如Do youneed anyfurther explanation你需要进一步的解释吗?当然它也有两个最高级farthest和furthest.[误]I wentto Be i ji ngUn i vers ity f i veyears before.[正]I wentto BeijingUniversity fiveyears ago.[析]ago常与过去时连用,而before则多与完成时连用[误]-Have youf inishedyour homework・No.no.a Iready.[正]-Have youf inishedyour homework・No.no.yet.[析.仍然有三个英文字可以表达它们是a Iready.ye..still.要注意的.a Iready经常用于肯定句中,如Th.bu.ha.a Iread.gone,而ye.多用于疑问句和否定句中,如:Hav.yo.f i n i she.you.homewor.yet.而st i I I贝U常用于主语与谓语动词之间,如W.st i I.can#39;.decid.wha.t.do.但也有时用于b.动词之后,出口:H.i.st i I.here.[误]He i s veryh igher thanI am.[正]He i s muchhigher thanI am.[析]much可以用来修饰比较级,而very则用来修饰形容词原级,如I#39;m verytired.L误.・Ca・・wa I・t.th.stat ion.You#39;.bette.not.I.i.ver.far.[正]-Can Iwalk tothe station.You#39;.bette.not.I.i..I on.way.[析]for一•般用在疑问句与否定句中,如How far i sitfromhere tothe station又乜口11i sn#39;t far.[误]I#39;ve ever been to Amer ica.[正]l#39;ve beentoAmer ica once.[析]once多用于肯定句,而ever则用于疑问句,否定句,及条件状语从句中,如Have youeverbeento London[误]-CouId youpass theexam thistime.No..a.no.af ra i.so.[正]-CouId youpass theexam thistime.No.I#39;.afra i.not.[析]在肯定的答语中我们可以用so来代替上句所讲的事件,如Do youth i nk she i sa goodstudent YesI th i nkso,/1hopeso,/1be I i eveso/I#39;m af ra idso.但在否定的答语中,英语口语的习惯用法则有所不同,如,I don#39;t th i nkso而在hope,be I i ve与afraid后则常n icestIargest重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写该字母加er、est bigfathot biggerfatter hotterbiggestfattest hottest不规则变化的形容词或副词原级比较级最高级good betterbestWe I I betterbest badworse worstbad Iyworse worstmany moremostmost moremost I ittIe I ess Iestfar farther用not,如:Ihope not.[误]She didn#39;t workenough hard,so shecouldn#39;tpass theexam.[正]She didn#39;t workhard enough,so shecouldn#39;tpass theexam.[析.enoug.可以作名词用,如Enoug.ha.bee.sai.fo.ho.t.I ear.Eng I i s.we I I.(对*于出口何学好英语已经讲的足够多了)另外它可以作为形容词,如:・hav.enoug.mone.(o.mone.enough,t.bu.th i.dictionary.注.enough作为形容词时即可放于名词前又可放于名词后,在初中范围的考题中多用于名词之前如果enoug.作为副词用,那么它一定要放在被修饰的形容词或副词之后[误]You can#39;t bevery carefu I.[正]You can#39;t betoo carefu I.[析]此句话的含意是你如何小心也不过分too…to的用法是太……以至于不能作某事但在实际应用时也常常将后面的to省去,如:It i s tooexpens ive forme.那又寸我来讲是太贵了[误]He i s goodpast fifty.[正]He is well pastfifty.[析]wel I作为副词用时除用于好之外还有大大地、远远地,等意往往有人对下面两句的对或错有争议;He i swell.He i s good.其实这两句都是正确的表达法,只不过其含意不同He iswe I I是他身体不错,而He i s good则为他是个好人[误]She i s notas ha I fc I ever as her brother.[正[She i s notha If asc I ever asher brother.[析]在as…as结构中要将修饰形容词的数量词倍数及nearly,a Imost,exactly…等置于第一个as之前[误]He is same age as Tom.[正[He is the sameageasTom.[析]the same…as是固定的用法,其中定冠词the是不可省也不能换成别的词的[误]Mother andher daughterare exactI yI i ke.[正]Mother andher daughterare exactI ya I i ke..lik.作为介词,其意为像,应用.loo.I ike.b.I ike.soun.I ike.其后要加宾语.a I ike.是形容词,或副词,如.Yo.an..thin.a I i ke.Th.twin.ar.dresse.a I i ke..a I ik.仅作表语而不能用于名词前作定语[误]Who is tai I er of the two[正]Who is the tai Ierof thetwo[析]两者的比较级之前要加定冠词[误]I have I ess books than Tom.[正]I havefewer books thanTom.[析]I ess是little的比较级,而fewer是few的比较级less后应加不可数名词而fewer后是可数名词[误.Ther.ar.thre.gi rI.i.m.group.Th.c Ievere.i.Mary.[正.Ther.ar.thre.girl,i.m.group.Th.c Ieveres.i.Mary.[析]在两者之间应用比较级,在三者之间或三者以上的范围内应用最高级[误]The boysat thereas qui etashissister.[正]The boysat thereas quietlyashissister.[析]as…as的用法要注意的是
①在其中间应加形容词或副词的原级,而不可加比较级,也有的语法书中称为同级比较
②要根据句意决定是加形容词还是副词,这要看它具体是修饰动词还是名词而定,如He is as good ashis f r i end.[误]The harderyou study,and you can I earn more.[正]The harderyou study,the moreyoucanI earn.[析]英文中如果要表达越来越怎样,在初中范围有两种表达法
①比较级+and+比较级
10.Mis.Ga.i..goo.Eng Iis.teacher.Th.student,i.he.c Ia s..Engl ish.A.ar.i ntereste.i.B.ar.i nterestin.i nC.ar.i ntereste.a.D.ar.i nterestin.t.[答案.A.[析]过去分词常用来修饰人,而现在分词常用来修饰物,如aninterest ingbook,实际上过去分词含有被动之意,如iinterested其含意是被所吸引,感动而interesting则为使人感兴趣的,如an interestingman一个有趣、风趣的人
11.Th.twin.ar.togethe.mos.o.th.time.S.the.neve.fee.A.a I on.B.I oneI yC.happ i I.D.fri endI.[答案.B.[析.alone意为独自的,一个人的,它只能作表语不能作定语.a.no.a I on.i.doi n.sue..thing.而I oneI.意为寂寞的,孤单的,如Th.ol.ma.fel.lonely.要体会两个词的区别,如:Th.o I.ma.Iive.a I one.bu.h.didn#39;.fee.I oneI y.12What acough!You seemill.A.terr ibIe.terr ibI.B.terr ibI y.terr ibI eC.terr ibIe.terr ibI.D.terr ibIy.terr ibI.[答案.A.[析]terrible是形容词,而ter ri bI y是副词,第一^个空furtherfarthestfurthestoId oIdereI deroIdesteIdest要注意的是许多形容词同时又是副词,如back,all,a Ione,either,far,high,slow等而有些形容词则要经过一定变化才能转为副词,其规律如下构词法形容词副词一般加I yCarefu Iki ndcarefuIIykindly尾是y时将y变成i加ly HappybusyeasyHappiIybus iI yeasiI y其他true是修饰名词的,所以应填入形容词第二个空ill是形容词,这里terribly是用来修饰iII的
13.Th.tw.fri end.wer..p Iease.t.se.eac.othe.tha.the.forgo.everyth i ng.A.s.B.tooC.ver.D.muc.[答案.A.[析]这里用的是s…that的固定搭配14Which is,Li Lei#39;s boxor HanMei mei#39;s boxA.heav.B.heav ierC.mor.heavie.D.th.heavies.[答案.B.[析]两者之间用比较级,三者或以上用最高级15You don#39;tIi kethesameco Iours andIdon#39;t Iike them,.A.to.B.aIsoC.eithe.D.neithe.[答案.C.[析]在否定句中也应用either,而不要用too,因too用于肯定句中Sect ion targeting
16.Ji.i.—.a.aI.hi.I essons.An.I#39;.sur.he#39;I.d.ver.——・i.th.exams.A.we II.goo.B.good,we IIC.we II.we I.D.good.goo.[答案.B.[析.good为形容词,如H.i.good.他是个好人而well作为身体状况的好坏讲时是形容词,如H.i.well为他身体不错,而作为其他意思时为副词,如H.speak.Eng Iis.we II.17You Iook thanbefore,whyA.mor.thi.B.mor.thinnerC.muc.mor.thi.D.muc.thinne.[答案.D.[析]多音节形容词才用more或most加形容词来表示其比较级或最高级,而thin的比较级为thinner
18.Let#39;.g.ou.fo.suppe.now.I#39;.ver.A.hungr.B.angryC.tire.D.thirst.[答案.A.[析]hungry-饿,angry一生气,tired一紧,疲劳,thi rsty-口渴要注意名词的词义19-Can youunderstand me一Sorry,I canunderstand you.A.hard I.B.aImostC.eve.D.eve.[答案.A.[析]hardly为一否定词,用在句中时应被看作是否定句在答语中Sorry决定了其意为听不明白,所以只能选hard Iyo20do youwr iteto yourpenfr iendAbout twicea month.A.Ho.ofte.B.Ho.soonC.Ho.muc.D.Ho.Ion.[答案.A.[析]how often用来提问某一动作经多久就要发生一次,也就是提问发生的频率how soon是问从现在起还有多久21Changj iangRiver isr iverin ChinaA.Ion.B.I ongerC.I onges.D.th.I onges.[答案.D.22l#39;IIwork Ican.A.s.hard I.a.B.s.har.asC.a.hard I.a.D.a.har.a.[答案.D.[析.hard可用作形容词和副词,如Th.des.wa.mad.o.har.wood.又出口:I.i.rainin.hard..hard I.是副词,其词义是几乎不,如Hard I.di.,sIee.Ias.night.我昨晚几乎没有睡觉而且hardly用于句首时要采用倒装语序as…as即可以用于肯定句,也可以用于否定句,但so…as则只能用于否定句中23It isvery toI istento him.A.i ntereste.B.interest i ngC.i ntereste.i.D.i nteres.[答案.B.[析]interest作为名词有两个词义,
①兴趣,
②银行中所讲的利息而其形容词interesting是使人感兴趣的,而iinterested是感兴趣的出口:He isiinterested inEngl ish.24Things areworse thanI thought.A.mor.B.fewC.ver.D.muc.[答案.D.[析]只有much可以修饰比较级25It isoneo#39;clock,but herfather hasn#39;t comeback.A.aIread.B.stiIIC.to.D.ye.[答案.D.[析]完成时的否定句尾要用yet,而already则用于肯定句
26.Comrad.Che.i..oIde.tha.I.A.ver.B.moreC.muc.D.quit.[答案.c.[析]只有much可以修饰比较级可以修饰比较级的词还有much,far,even aIitt Ie,by far等27She didher homework.C.car.D.care Ies.[答案.A.[析]这里应填入副词,而care Iess是由care加Iess后辍得来的,less意为没有,是否定之意,如careless-不小心,homeI ess一无家可归而careful ly为副词
28.The.can#39;.answe.th.quest io.i.Japanese,w.can#39;.answe.it...A.aIs.B.tooC.eithe.D.ne ithe.[.c.答案29-How areyour parents-They arevery,thank you.A.goo.B.kindC.we I.D.happ.[.c.答案[析]由问句得知其询问的是身体如何,所以well作为身体状况不错时应视为形容词30Peter runsin ourc Iass.A.th.fas.B.fasterC.fastes.D.mos.fas.[.c.答案[析]副词的最高级前可以加定冠词,也可以不加定冠词31We wereaIIgI adthatwesang anddanced.A.sue.B.soC.ver.D.quit.B.[答案.[析]在so与that之间只有形容词时不可用such32Kate si ngsJoan.A.a.we I.a.B.a.goo.asC.s.goo.a.D.a.bette.a.[答案.A.[析]这里well为副词,意为唱得好33Thi segg smeIIs,though itIooks aIIr ight.A.goo.B.we IIC.ba.D.bad I.[答案.C.[析]smell为系动词,其后应加形容词,而不是副词同样的力可,还有sound,fee I,seem、become(变成)等等,出口:Icefee Isco Idinwinter.34Wait aminute,I haveto teII you.A.someth in.i ntereste.B.someth in.i nteresti ngC.i nterestin.someth in.D.anyth in.i nterestin.[答案.B.[析]修饰不定代词的修饰词要放在不定代词之后35I shaII visityou next year.A.somet ime.B.somet imeC.som.t im.D.som.time.[答案.B.[析]sometimes有时,sometime某^寸亥I,some time一段时间,some times若干次36My sistersaid shewouId tryto speakEngIishevery day.A..Iitt I.B..fewC.Iittt I.D.fe.[答案.A.[析]I ittle修饰不可数名词,而aIittle意为一些,点37I havefr iends hereandIoften visitthem.A.fe.B.littleC..fe.D..Iitt I.[答案.C.[析]a few意为有些,few后面要加可数名词复数38Of aIIthese books,do youthink,wh ich oneis・A.i nterestin.B.muc.i nterestingC.mor.i nterestin.D.th.mos.i nterestin.[答案.D.[析]Of aIIthese books是用来表示最高级的范围terr ibIe fulIposs ibIeshywho Ietru I yterr ibIyfullypossi bIyshyI ywhoII y在学习过程中要注意其变化此外并不是所有副词都可以修饰比较级和最高级形容词能修饰比较级的有:much.yet.far.still.,grea.dea I.eve.和.Iitt Ie.能修饰最高级的有:th.very.muc.the.far等
(二)正误辨析[误]The youngI ikesplaying footbaII verymuch.[正]The youngIike playingfootba II verymuch.[析]定冠词加形容词表示一类人,应作复数看待而定冠词加形容词表示抽象事物时则要看作单数,如The beaut ifu Iis notalwayskindness.美丽并不总代表善良[误]The dangerhas gone,so theworst areover.[正]The dangerhas gone,so theworst isover.[析]意为危险已经过去,最困难的状况已结束用定冠词加最高级形容词作主语时应看作单数形式[误]11isthe go Idage ofthe young.[正]11isthe go I denage ofthe young.[析]go Iden在英语中多用于比喻,如goIden hair金发,gu Iden voice金嗓子而goId多用于表达金质的,如:a goldbar金条,a goldcoin金币,但gold fish金鱼例外[误]She isa warmheart woman.[正]She isa warmhearted woman.[析]英语形容词的构词法很多,其中之一是由形容词,或数词,加名词加ed构成,如warm hoarted热心肠的,white haired白毛的[误]There is analive fishinthepooI.[正]There isaIiv ing fishinthepooI.[析]在初中范围内所学到的以a字母开头的形容词一般不能作定语,只能作表语如The fishis alive.(鱼还活着)这样的形容词有:aIive,aIike,aIone,as Ieep,afraid,awake等[误]The iIIman near I yd ied.[正]The sickman nearIy died.[析]iII一般不作定语来形容某人有病,而要用sick,但作表语时则都可以如He isiII sick,iII作定语时则另有他意,如iII Iuck(厄运),iII nature(天性恶劣),ill temper(心绪不好)[误]I haveimportant someth ingto te II you.[正[I havesomething importantto teII you.[析]不定代i司something,anyone,somebody••在用形容词修饰时,形容词应放其后但要注意thing则不是不定代词,不符合上述规律如I havean importantthing toteII you.[误]I#39;II be freeon next Sunday.[正]I#39;IIbe freenext Sunday.[析]在表达将来时的时候nextSunday,next week,nextyear或Iast SundayIast week,Iast year前都不加介词[误]The girlis twoyear oId.[正]The girlis twoyearsoId.[正]She isa twoyear oIdgirl[析]由连字符连接若干名词、数词……组成的形容词,在学习时要记住两点,其一是这些词中的名词都不要用复数形式,如twothousand wordreport(两千字的报告);其二是这样构成的形容词只能作定语,即用于名词之前,而不能作表语[误]The forei gnersIike thoseIittIebeautifuIChinese paintings.[正[The forei gnersIike thosebeautifuIIittIeCh inese pai nti ngs.[析]在名词前若有几个形容词作修饰语时,其顺序如下
1.指示代词,定冠.
2.数量.
3.性质.
4.大小.
5.形.
6.老少,新.
7.颜.
8.材料但要注意的是英语的习惯是一个名词前的形容词一般不要多于三个如What apretty Iitt Iewhite horse!Thos.firs.fe.shor.EngIis.storie.wer.no.diff icul.t.u nderstand.[误]The bestway toIearnEngl ish goodisto speakwithEng Ii shman every day.[正]The bestway toIearnEngl ish wellisto speakwithEng Iishmaneveryday.[析]good是形容词,这里是修饰动词speak的,所以应用副词well,但weII作形容词讲时只作身体好如He isweII.(他身体很好)He isgood.(他是个好人)[误]The chiIdren pI ayon thegrass nappyI y.[正]The chiIdren pI ayon thegrass happiI y[析]多音节y结尾的形容词变为副词时应将y变为i再力口Iy.[误]The teacherIooked angryat thestudents.[正]The teacherI ookedangr iIyat thestudents.[析]英语中感观动词后面要接形容词,这时它是修饰主语的,如The foodsme IIsgood,食物闻起来很香The teacherIookedangry老师看起来很生气而此句的意思为老师生气她看着学生,所以应用副词形式[误]He workedwith mefriend Iy.[正]He wasfriendIyto me.[析]不是所有结尾是ly的词都是副词,但friendly是形容词,这样的词还有I oveIy,IoneIy,cost Iy,IiveIy…monthI yweekly…但其中有些词既是副词,又是形容词,如earIy,hour Iy,monthly…[误]You canspeak freeinfront ofyour friends.[正]You canspeak freeIyinfront ofyour friends.[析]free作为形容词意为自由的,有空闲的,免费的作为副词讲则是免费之意而freely作为副词则是自由的,随便的这些要注意的词还有hard努力,艰苦hard Iy几乎不late迟,晚lately最近的,最新的near近nearIy几乎like像likely几乎[误]They must have arri vedtill now.[正]They musthave arrived by now.[析]bynow是用于表达到目前为止某一动作已经发生,所以应用瞬间动词而till now是强调某一动作一直持续到现在,所以一定要用持续性动词musthave+过去分词是对过去某一事情所作的肯定推测[误]Someone called your ightnow.[正]Someone called youjust now.[析]just now有两个意思,其一是刚才,其二是现在,而r ightnow只能用于现在的状态just则用于完成时态,如:I havejust fini shedmyhomework.[误]My fatherwi IIbe back fromAmer icaat present.[正]My fatherwi IIbe back fromAmer icapresent Iy.[析]present ly有两个意思其一是最近,不久,其二在美语中是现在之意,与at present相同而for the present为暂时,如:I teachEngIishinthe schooI forthepresent.[误]I#39;IIbebackat themoment.[正]l#39;IIbebackin amoment.[析]at themoment其意为现在,当时,而in amoment。
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