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北京高一（上）期中2024英语（考试时间90分钟试卷满分100分）
2024.11第一部分知识运用（共两节，32分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂A BC D黑Sam was a motherlessboy wholived with his fatherCurtis.To Sam,his fatherwas hishero and the onlysoul withwhomhe felt]and connectedin theworld.Though uneducatedand poor,Curtis recognizedand cultivatedhis sons2inwords likeit wasthe mostimportant thingin theworld.He wouldtake Samto thepublic libraryevery day.When fatesuddenly tookCurtis awayfrom Sam,the kidbecame homelessand withdrawnfrom everyoneandeverything.He evencouldnt reada singlepage without3at everysentence.So heturned towriting instead.And withintwomonths,the boyused upsix notebooksto writehis thoughtsin notesand poetry.One day,Mr.Murray,a fatherof twoboys,4Sam sittingoutside acafe,gripping hisstomach inhunger,tearsstreaming downhis face.He tookSam home,5him,and tuckedhim upin bed.Then helooked throughSams bag,hopingto findsome numberhe couldcall.Instead,he foundSams diary.He readthrough pageafter page of what the11-year-oldhad beengoing through,trying tocry in
6.When Samwoke up,he foundhis books7arranged ona shelf,his clothesput awayin alaundry bag,and thepictureof hisfather putin abeautiful frameand placedon thestudy table.This isyour home.You canhave all the booksyouwant.I willdrive youto andfrom schoolevery daywith myboys.Nothing willstop youfrom pursuingyour dreams/9Mr.Murray said,accepting Sams8hug.From thatday on,Sams lifewas neverthe same.Reading andwriting nevergot apartfrom him.He becameoutgoingand9a confidentpersonality.With thelove andsupport ofMr.Murray,he followedhis heartand studied10in university.By the time Samwas30,he wasthe ownerof asuccessful publishinghouse.
1.A.anxious B.stressed C.excited D.safe
2.A.inspiration B.interest C.habit D.imagination
3.A.showing offB.giving upC.calming downD.breaking down
4.A.kept B.felt C.spotted D.prevented
5.A.fed B.taught C.dragged D.pleased
6.A.horror B.relief C.silence D.desperation
7.A.neatly B.hurriedly C.wisely D.naturally
8.A.polite B.tearful C.welcoming D.comforting
9.A.replaced B.described C.developed D.strengthened
10.A.science B.gymnastics C.education D.literature第二节语法练习共17小题；每小题1分，共17分请根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式每小题分，共分Parti
1611.That smellr meof mygrandmother.前足,满意.
12.After finishingthe marathon,she felta greatsense ofG捷径
13.To savetime,he tooka throughthe park.
14.The underdogteam managedto dthe favoritesin thechampionship game.
15.He qhis jobto pursuehis dreamof becominga writer.
16.Playing sportscan rstress and anxiety.请阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空Part21白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空每小题分，共分111A空手道The mostpopular martialarts todayoriginated inChina.Karate wasderived fromFujian Province.In the14th century,a communityof Chinese migrants fromFujian
17.settle inwhat wasthen thekingdom ofOkinawa.The一Chinesemigrantsused togather in a parkto enjoycultural activitiesone of
18.was kung fu.This sooncaught the attention oflocal youths,
19.started learningkungfu.Besides,the veryfirst Koreanmilitary
20.base ona Chineseversion,too.BPaul and I wereon the same basketballteam.We bothloved basketballand wereboth hugefans of the NBA.Paulused Boguesas his
21.inspire whileI preferredLeBron James.Although wehave differentidols,we agreethat ourfavoriteplayers areboth champions.Actually,Paul wasa hard-working boy.Our coachwas not so sure.So,he wasusually on the benchasa
22.replace.One day,our teamwas playingour competitors,The Bears,a team
23.record wasperfect.We allagreed thatitwould bea toughone.In thecompetition,a playerandIcrashed intoeach other.I
24.feel toopainful inmy kneeto play.So,I recommendedPaul toour coach.At thattime,our coachhad nochoice butto letPaulhave atry.And clearly,alltheextra hoursthat he
25.spend practicingalone paidoff.The otherteam justcouldntkeep upwithhisenergy andspeed.He madeshot aftershot,and thecrowd couldntstop
26.clap andcheering.At last,we
27.win thegame andPaul earnedhis placeontheteam.第二部分阅读理解共48分第一节共19小题；每小题2分，共38分阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑A BC DAIfyoure lookingto buya giftfbr yourchildren,why notkeep upwith thetrend andget the best hoverboardWhat is a HoverboardhoverboarciA hoverboardis atwo-wheeled personaltransportation device.Ifs electrical,portable andbecame highlypopular in2015in referenceto apopular1980s movie.Typically,this self-balancing deviceoperates likea poweredskateboard.How DoesaHoverboardWorkThe devicemay havemany designs,but themechanism itselfisnt complicated.Basically,a standardhoverboardcontains:•Battery:stores theelectrical power.Almost allhoverboards usea high-watt lithium-ion battery.倾斜•Gyroscope onefor eachwheel:allows ridersto tiltthe hoverboardwhile maintainingbalance andadjustingtheir direction.•Motor onein eachwheel:provides the power to the wheelsto keepthe riderbalanced andupright.一•Logic board:functions asthe hoverboardbrain.It processesdata-your speed,tilt,etc.and sendsinformationto themotors.This unitcontrols thepower of the boardso riderscan adjusttheir speed.All theabove componentswork togetherto controlthepowerand tiltof thehoverboards sothe rideris balanced,upright andmoving ata controlledspeed.Why Buya HoverboardUndoubtedly,hoverboards arecool.Youve probablyseen kidsriding onearound thehouse.Theyre aphenomenonand everybodywants in.So,why denyyour kidsand preventthem frombeing partof thistrendWhere isa hoverboardlegalDespite theirwild popularity,hoverboards haveyet to become“street-legal”.Currently,some placesprohibit anyoneunder16from usingthese devices,and hoverboardsare bannedin academicinstitutions andpublic places,like campusbuildings,parks,shopping mallsand subwaystations.Some placeshave alsoput speedlimits onthe devicesand restricted一一their useto bikepaths.However,open areasincluding youryard arefree of these restrictions.
28.The logicboard ofa hoverboardcan.A.receive dataand givecommand B.power thewheelsC.send informationto theriders D.store electricity
29.According to the passage,a hoverboardcan beused.A.on bikepaths B.in parksC.on campusD.in shoppingmalls
30.What isthe mainpurpose ofthis passageA.To evaluatea giftsquality.B.To comparenew hoverboardmodels.C.To recommenda giftchoice.D.To clarifyfunctions of the latesthoverboards.BWhen theCOVID-19pandemic forcedthe townin Manton,Michigan toshut down,Scott Chittiedecided that thecommunity neededa safeplace to come together,and somethingto bringsome joyduring theboring wintermonths.Andwhat isa betteroutdoor activityto getpeople outsidein thecold than ice skating（溜冰场）.In orderto makehis dreama reality,Chittie searchedthe Internetfor videoson howto buildanice rink He（防水帆布）ordered alarge3,000square foottarp onlineand boughtsome woodto createthe walls.It took12fire trucksfrom the localfire departmentto getenough waterto fillthe plot.It tooka littletime asChittie wentdoor todoor toconvince people to comeand seehis creation,and soonChittiesbackyard ice rink becamea Mantonhotspot.Parents joinedin tohelp Chittiebuy second-hand skatesand hockeysticks fortheneighborhood children.Soon enough,the childrenwere skatingand shooting.“We keptseeing morethings donated.It wasfantastic becausethe wholecommunity justcame together.It wasamazinghow everybodyworked togetherbecause ofScott.says neighborAudrey Hooker.Skaters werewelcome tocome atany time.And eachSaturday from4p.m.until8p.m.,dozens ofchildren and theirparents gatheredatthe icerink forskate parties.The childrenwho hadbeen confinedto theirhomes for almost a yearlaughed andshouted withjoy whileskating aroundthe rink.Parents gatheredaround feelingrelief thattheir childrenhadfound apurpose again.It becamea weeklyevent thatneighbors couldlook forwardto andit offereda placefor peopletosee eachother ina sociallydistanced way.But thekindness didntstop withChittie.When thecommunity heardhow much money heused to make thisprojecthappen,everyone helped.A fundraiserbrought inabout$1,300,and letterssent toChitties homestuffed withcash broughtinan additionalSI,500,covering allof thecosts withmoney tospare.Companies begansending suppliesfor nextyearsice rinkincluding outdoorlights,a snowsweeping machineand shovels.“This hasbeen acommunity thing,“explains Chittie.Its notjust me.I wantto show the rest of theworld whata littleeffort,the bestintentions,and communitycan donot onlyfor othersbut for the soulsof all.”
31.Why didChittie buildabackyard ice rinkA.To organizeskate parties.B.To offera safesocial placeand somefun.C.To getsome moneyand outdoorsupplies.D.To showoff hiscreativity.
32.What didthe parentsdo tohelp with the icerinkA.Bought skatesand hockeysticks.B.Raised moneyfor Chittie.C.Filled theicerinkwith water.D.Convinced peopletocome.
33.What canwe learnfrom the passageA.The icerink isonly opento childrenon Saturday.B.Chittie mademuchmoneyafter buildingtheicerink.C.The wholecommunity contributedto theicerink.D.The parentsfelt reliefbecause Chittietook careof theirchildren.
34.Which of the followingwords canbest describeScott ChittieA.Honest andfriendly.B.Kind anddevoted.C.Humorous andpolite.D.Careful andconfident.C（）As college sports continueto behugely popularandtheNational CollegiateAthletic AssociationNCAA brings inlarge amountsof money,people haverestarted thedebate onwhether college athletes shouldget paid.Supporters of the ideabelieve that,because college athletes arebringing inaudiences,they shouldreceive somesort（补偿）,of compensationIn fact,the NCAAbringsinabout SIbillion incomeayear,but collegeathletes dontreceiveany ofthat moneyin theform ofa paycheck.Additionally,people whobelieve collegeathletes should be paidstate thatpaying collegeathleteswill actuallyencourage them to remainin collegelonger andnot turnprofessionals asquickly,either bygiving thema way to beginearning moneyin collegeor requiringthem tosign a contract（合同）saying they,Ilstay atthe universityforacertain numberof yearswhile makingan agreed-upon salary.People whoargue againstthe ideaof paying collegeathletes believe thepractice couldbe disastrousfor college sports.（竞拍）Paying athleteswould turncollegesportsinto abidding war,where onlythe richestschools couldafford topathletes,and mostschools would be shutout fromdeveloping atalented team.It couldalso harmthe camaraderiewithinmany collegeteams ifplayers becomeunhappy thatcertain teammatesare makingmore moneythan they are.Those againstpaying collegeathletes alsobelieve thatthe athletesare receivingenough benefits already.The topathletesreceive scholarshipsthat areworth tensof thousandsper year.They receivefree foodand textbooks,get travelbonusesand freeequipment,and canuse theirtime incollege asa wayto attracttheattentionof professionalcoaches.Noother college students receiveanywhere nearas muchfrom theirschools.While bothsides havegood points,its clearthatthenegatives ofpaying collegeathletes faroutweigh thepositives.College athleteshave beencompensated enough.Adding asalary wouldresult ina collegeathletic systemwhere onlyafew athletesare paidby someschools whoenter biddingwars tosign themup,while moststudent athleticsand collegeathleticprograms sufferor evenshut downfor lackof money.Continuing tooffer thepresent benefitsto studentathletesmakes it possible foras manypeopletobenefit from and enjoycollegesportsas possible.
35.It canbe learnedfrom Paragraph2that collegeathletes.A.have earnedwhat theyare promisedB.should signacontractto makean agreed-upon salaryC.tend toserve collegelonger whenpaidD.prefer tostay atuniversity ratherthan turnprofessionals
36.The underlinedword“camaraderie”in Paragraph3is similarto“A.spirit B.competition C.friendship D.communication
37.People againstpayingcollegeathletesbelieve.A.schools wouldbe unable to afforditB.it couldbe harmfulto collegesports C.no othercollegestudentsreceive benefitsD.students wouldvalue paymentsoverachievements
38.What isthe authorsattitude towardspayingcollegeathletes A.Uncertain.B.Satisfied.C.Expectant.D.Unsupportive.DAt theheart ofpsychology isunderstanding behavior,and understandingbehavior hasmuch todo withunderstanding（神经系统科学家）the brain.Neuroscientists havebecome moreefficient atmapping the brain andhave gainedmoreunderstanding ofhowthe brain developsand works.Truly,differences inbehavior aswe ageand betweengenders,aremost likelyexplained bythe physicalstate ofand changesin our brains.Around the ageof12,it isbelieved thatthe areasofthe brain that are usedmost will be strengthenedand cellsin thebrain that arenot usedtend todie.What youdo withyour brainin yourteen yearsprobably decideshow yourbrain willworkfortherestofyour life.If ateen spendsendless hourswatching TV,the neuralconnections thathelp the brain processTVare whatwillbestrengthened.It isclear,therefore,that howyoung peoplespend theirtime isof greatimportance.Surprisingly,and differentfrom earlierbeliefs,thebrain is still developing evenin theearly twenties.Areas ofthebrainthatare relatedto emotion,decision making,reasoning,and problemsolving arestill not fully developed.This maygosome waytoward explainingwhy caraccident ratesin young people aresignificantly higherthan thoseamong olderpeople.Young peopledont have the necessary skills tomake complexjudgments whiledriving.There arealso differencesin theway brainsdevelop when it comes to gender.It appearsthat girlsare readyto processmorechallenging informationearlier than boys,withthearea ofthebrainresponsible for this activitypeaking attheageof14to16in boys,a fulltwo yearslater thangirls.In addition,studies haveshown thatgirls andboys processlanguage inputindifferent parts of their brains.Girls typicallytend todo betterthanboysin language,which meansthat theyhave morebrainmatter responsiblefor languageskills.（使This kindof researchraises importantquestions about how boysand girlsshould betaught in school tomaximize最大化）their learning.For example,the ideaof single-sex educationshould perhaps be taken into consideration.Expertssay thatwe woulddo wellto revisitthe timingofthesubjects taughtin school,as somepartsofthebraindevelop beforeothers.Additionally,what weunderstand aboutthe teenagebrain shouldperhapsbetakenintoconsideration whenlaws are（最低的）being madewith regardtotheminimum drivingage.
39.According tothepassage,youngpeopleare morelikely tohave caraccidents because.A.certain areasin theirbrains arenotfullydevelopedB.they failto realizethe importanceof skillsC.they donthave thenecessaryskillsin drivingD.theirbrainstend tobe influencedby theiremotions
40.What canwe learnfrom the passageA.Earlier beliefsshow thebrainisstilldevelopingin theearly twenties.B.Girls arebetter atlanguage becausetheyaredevoted tolanguage learning.C.How peoplespend theirtime when they9re teenagersaffects theirfuture life.D.Gender makesno differencewhenitcomestothe physicalstate ofthebrain.
41.It canbe inferredfrom thelast paragraphthat.A.single-sex educationmay benefitteenagersB.thetimewhen schoolstarts shouldbe putoffC.lawmakers willlower theminimum drivingageD.the numberof subjectsinschoolmight bechanged
42.Which wouldbe thebest title forthispassageA.Age andthe BrainB.Genders andthe BrainC.The DevelopingBrain D.Mapping theBrainEThe USscientists whocreated thefirst livingrobots saythe lifeforms,known asxenobots,can nowreproduce-and in（a waynot seenin plantsand animals.Xenobots areformed fromthe stem cells ofthe Africanclawed frogXenopus）laevis,from whichit takesits name.（胚“Frogs havea wayof reproducingthat theynormally use,but whenyou liberatethe stemcells fromthe embryo胎）and yougive thema chanceto figure outhowtobeina new environment,not onlydo theyfigureouta newway tomove,but theyalso figureout apparentlyanewwaytoreproduce Jsaid MichaelLevin,a professorof biologyat TuftsUniversity,who wasco-lead authorofthenew research.Stem cellsare unspecializedcells thathavetheability todevelop intodifferent celltypes.To makethe xenobots,theresearchers removedliving stemcells fromfrog embryosand leftthemtodevelop.“Most peoplethink ofrobots asbeing madeof metal,but itsnotsomuch whata robotis madefrom butwhat itdoes,which isact onits ownon behalfof people/9said Josh Bongard,a computerscience professorand roboticsexpert attheUniversity ofVermont andlead authorofthestudy.uIn thatway,itsa robot,but itsalso clearlyan organismmade fromfrogcells/9（自我复制）.The researchersfound thatthe xenobotscould replicateBut ithappened rarelyand onlyin specificcircumstances.The xenobotsused“kinetic replicationv一a processthat isknown tooccur atthe molecular（分子）level.With thehelp of artificial intelligence,the researchersthen testedbillions ofbody shapestomakethe xenobotsmoreeffective atthis typeof replication.The supercomputercame upwith aC-shape thatlooked likePac-Man,the1980s videogame.They foundit wasableto find tinystemcells,gather hundredsof theminside itsmouth,andafew dayslater thepackof cellsbecame newxenobots.“The AIdidnt programthese machinesin theway weusually thinkabout writingcode.It shapedand sculptedandcame upwith thisPac-Man shapeJ Bongard said.The shapeis,in essence,the program.The shapeinfluences howthexenobots behaveto speedup thisincredibly surprisingprocess/9The xenobotsare veryearly technology-think ofa1940s computer-and dontyet haveany practicalapplications.However,this combinationof molecularbiologyand artificialintelligence couldpotentially beused inmany tasksin thebodyandtheenvironment.This mayinclude thingslike collectingmicroplastics in the oceans,inspecting rootsystems andregenerativemedicine.There aremany thingsthatarepossible ifwe takeadvantage ofthis kindof plasticityand abilityofcells tosolve problems,“Bongardsaid.
43.According toJoshBongard,arobotshouldbedefined interms of.A.its reliabilityB.its functionC.its appearanceD.its material
44.What canwe learnabout xenobotsfromthepassageA.Xenobots havecopied stemcells usingcomputer programs.B.Specialized cellsplay akey rolein thereplication of xenobots.C.AI makesitpossiblefor xenobotsto replicatemore effectively.D.The shapeofxenobotswas inspiredfromavideo gameinthe1980s.
45.Whatisthe authorsattitude towardsfuture applicationsof xenobotsA.Disapproving.B.Optimistic.C.Unconcerned.D.Objective.
46.Which ofthe followingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassageA.Fact orfantasy Robotscan reproduceB.Where doesthe unnaturalreplication processleadC.Are xenobotsthe futureofartificialintelligenceD.The uncertainrole ofrobot reproduction第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项Move tothe MusicMusichelps us exercise,but whydoes ithave thiseffect47The firstis simple:Music distractsus.When welisten toasong welike,ourbrainpays attentiontothemusic.For example,after weexercise for20minutes,our bodymight betired.But wemay notfeel thisimmediately whilelistening tomusic.So weexercise alittle longer.Music alsomotivates us.When wehear dancemusic,for example,we naturallystart tomove tothe beat.An upbeatsongalso putsus ina goodmood,so wefeel happier.This givesus energyand helpsusexerciselonger.48Songs inthe（）range of120-140beats perminute BPMare thebest,says sportspsychologist Dr.Costas Karageorghis.49Its leadingresearcher Fritzput61people insmall groups.They allthen exercisedtwice.One time,each groupworkedout whilelistening tomusic for six minutes.Another time,they exercisedforsixminutes onspecial Jymminmachines.The nameJymmin isa combinationof’jamming andgym.Using thesemachines,each groupmade musicasthey moved.The exercisersbecame thecomposers andthe machinesbecame theirinstruments.Tn theend,53ofthe61people saidthesamething:They feltless tiredwhentheyexercised onthe Jymminmachines.50How doesFritz explainthis Maybepeople didbetter onthe Jymminmachines becausethey hadmore control,hesays.People createdthe beat.They couldmake itgo fasteror slower.Also,the activitywas social.Each groupwas makingmusictogether andhaving fun.Fritz believesthat Jymminexercise mayhave otheradvantages,too._51For example,itmay beeven agood wayto treatdepression.A.This alsohelps relaxour bodyand brain.B.Music witha quickand steadybeat isgood forexercising.C.He wantstofindout ifit canhelp withmore seriousconditions.D.He expectsto takeadvantage ofit totap intopeoples potential.E.Experts saythere aretwo mainreasons.F.A newstudy suggeststhis isonly partoftheexplanation,however.G.When theyexercise andmake music,working outseems tobe easier.第三部分书面表达（共20分）根据中文提示和所给的关键词，将下列句子翻译成英文（共小题；每小题分，共分）
5420.他的父母认为他有能力靠自己解决这个问题（）52capable.所有的汗水和辛勤工作最终都是值得的，其他一切都不能给我们更多成就感53worth.任何情绪低落的人都可以去跑步让自己振作起来（定语从句）
54.跑前热身和跑后放松非常重要，能确保我们不会受伤（）55important厌倦了待在室内，他渴望去徒步旅行（）
56.Jim desire。
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