初一英语语法及常考学习知识点情况总结

主要掌握几种时态,一般现在时1,一般过去时2,一般将来时3,现在进行时4还有几种词名词1,，代词2,形容词3动词4,冠词5,初一英语语法

一、词法名词L）、名词的数AWhat syour first name Myfirstnames Ben.What syour family name Myfamilynames Smith.问哪一个12Which do you like I likeone inthe box.问字母13What letteris itIt s big D/small f.问价格14How muchare thesepants They re15dolla rs.问电话号码z15What syour phonenumber It s576-

8349.问谓语（动作）16What she doingHe swatching TV.问职业（身份）17What do you doF ma teacher.zWhat syour fatherHe s a doctor.

三、时态一般现在时表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时，Is它有动词Be Shes a worker.Is sheaworkerShe isn t aworker.情态动词1can play the piano.Can youplaythe piano I can tplaythepiano.彳亍为动词They wantto eatsome tomatoes.Do theywantzto eatany tomatoesThey don t wantto eatany tomatoes.Gina has a nice watch.Does Ginahave anicewatchGi na7doesn thave awatch.、现在进行时表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时2态，结构为其它.sb bev-ing sth+r mplaying baseball.Are youplaying baseballF mnotplaying baseball.Nancy iswriting a letter.Is Nancywriting aletter Nancy isnt writingaletter.Theyrelistening to the pop music.Are theylistening the7pop musicThey aren t listeningtothepopmusic.我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下——）在后面力如Ds:fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas）后力口如—x,sh,ch,s,tch esboxes,glasses,dresses,watches,owishes,faxes））三以辅音字母加结尾的变为再加如1y yi esbaby-babies,family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories）以元音字母加结尾的直接加如2y s:day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways四）以结尾加（外来词）如但如是辅音加的o sradios,photos,o加:如:西红柿,马铃薯es tomatoespotatoes（］五）以或结尾的变为再加如f fef ves sknife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves六）单复数相同（不变的）有鹿子,fish,sheep,deer Chinese,Japanese七）一般只有复数,没有单数的有people,pants,shorts,shoes,glasses,gloves,clothes,socks八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有警察局，police警察,班，同学家,家庭成员class family九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词如action但如果是由或movie-action movies,pen pal-pen pals;man所组成的合成词的复数贝恫时为复数如woman mandoctor-men doctors,woman teacher-women teachers十）有的单复数意思不同如鱼鱼的种类,叩纸fish fishesp erpapers论文报纸，卷子，,工作作品,工厂,玻璃work worksglass glasses玻璃杯，眼镜，桔子水橙子光线orange orangesight lightsCT,民族，时间时代次数,鸡肉people Apeoples timetimes chicken小鸡chickens（）十一）单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加或如s sIs Fs,Ks K0）但如是缩略词则只加如s sIDs,VCDs,SARso0十二）特殊形式的有:child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-Englishmen）名词的格B当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式构成如下一）单数在后面加’如77s brothers,Mike s,teacher so二）复数以结尾的直接在后加’，如果不是以结尾的与单数一样s ss处理如教师节，7,六Teachers Dayclassmates;Children sDay一节,z三八节Women sDay三）由并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最and后一个’，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理如s Mikeand Bens口本的房间（现主一间），room Mikesand Bensrooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间）、代词2项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词人称主格宾格形容词名词性第一人称单数I memyyou minemyself复数we usour oursourselves第二人称单数you you your yoursyourself复数youyouyour yoursyourselves第三人称单数she herher hersherselfhe himhis hishimselfit itits itsthis thatitself复数they themtheir theirsthese thosethemselves、动词3）第三人称单数A当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加如下s,一）一般在词后加如:s comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dan ces,trains二）在后力口如x,sh,ch,s,tch es:watches,washes,wishes,ofinishes））三以辅音字母加结尾的变为再加如1y yi esstudy-studies,ohurry-hurries,try-tries）以元音字母加结尾的直接加如2y splays,says,stays,enjoy s,0buys四）以结尾加如o esdoes,goes0五）特殊的有:are-is,have-has）现在分词B当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下——）——般在后力口如ing spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watc hing,go-going,do-doing二）以不发音的结尾的去掉再加如e eing dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having三）以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母（注意除开字）母组合如要双写最后的辅音字show-showing,draw-drawing母再力口如:ing put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-1etting,begin-beginning四）以结尾的变为再加如系ie iey ingtie-tying die-dying死位于lie-lying、形容词的级4我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式构成如下））一般在词后加或（如果是以结尾则直接加或如-er este rstgreater-greatest,shorter-shortest,taller-tallest,longer-Iongest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest二）以重读闭音节结尾且个元音字母个辅音字母（字母组合除外,1+1）如结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加如few-fewer fewester/estbig-bigger biggest,red-redder reddest,hot-hotter hottest三）以辅音字母结尾的变为力口如+y yi er/est:happy-happierohappiest,sorry-sorrier sorriest,friendly-friendlier friendliest（）more friendlymost friendly,busy-busier busiest,easy-easiereasiest四）特殊情况（两好多坏，一少老远）good/well-better bestmany/much-more mostbad/il I-worse worstlittle-less leastold-older/elder oldest/eldest far-、数词（基变序，有规则;

一、

二、farther/further farthest/furthest5三，自己背;

五、

八、

九、十二;其它后接结尾，变为跟上去）th;yi,eth first,se cond,third;fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hun dredth;

二、句式twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth陈述句

1.）（肯定陈述句动词）a Thisis abook.be）（连系动词）b Helooks veryyoung.）（实义动词）c Iwant asweat likethis.）（情态动词）d Ican bringsome thingsto school.）7（吉构）否定陈述e There sacomputer onmy desk.There beZ））句a Thesearenttheir books.b TheydontI ooknice.7c Katedoesn tgo toNo.4Middle School,d Katecan tfindher doll.二e Thereisnta cathere.Theresno cathere.祈使句

2.肯定祈使句a Pleasego andask theman.b Let s learnEnglish!c Comein,please.否定祈使句1a Dont belate,b Dont hurry.疑问句

3.一般疑问句1a IsJim astudent bCan Ihelp youcDoes shelike saladdDo theywatch TVe Isshe reading肯定回答a Yes,he is.b Yes,you can.c Yes,she does.d Yes,they do.e Yes,she is.否定回答7a No,he isnt.b No,you cant.c No,she doesnt.dNo,they dont.e No,she isnt.选择疑问句回答2Is thetable bigor small2sbig./It ssmall.特殊疑问句3

①问年龄How oldis LucyShe istwelve.

②问种类What kindof moviesdoyoulikeIlike action moviesandcomedies.问身体状况3How isyour uncleHe iswell/fine.问方式4How do/can youspell itL-double O-K.How dowe contactyou Mye-mail addressis cindyjone.问原因5Why doyou wantto jointhe club问时间6What sthe time=What timeis itIt sa quartertoten a.m..What timedoyouusually getup,Rick Atfive oclock.When doyou wantto goLetsgo at7:

00.问地方77Where s my backpackItsunder thetable.问颜色8What colorare theyThey arelight blue.zWhat syour favouritecolor Its black.问人物9Who sthat Itsmysister.Who isthe boyin blueMy brother.Who isnt atschool Peterand Emma.Who areLisa andTim talkingto问东西10What sthis/that inEnglish Itsapencil case.What elsecan yousee inthe pictureIcansee somebr occoli,strawberries andhamburgers.问姓名111What syour aunts nameHer nameis Helen./She sHelen.。