初升高英语衔接班

一.本周教学内容初升高英语衔接班第讲6再看宾语从句及初谈直接引语与间接引语二.重、难点一宾语从句宾语从句是名词性从句之一，在谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、分词、动名词之后都可带有宾语从句某些形容词如之后也可以带有宾语从句sure,happy,glad,certain,pleased由引导的宾语从句引导的是一个陈述句，在宾语从句中只起连接的作用，没有含义，

1.that that也不在从句中充当任何成份，因而在口语和非正式场合常可以省略，这一点请大家区分一下引导定语从句的这两种情况是很不相同的，不可混淆that,eg-I thinkthat itis necessaryfor thepeoples health to getrid of the pollutionof noise.我认为消除噪音污染对人们的健康是必要的Hearing thathis sonwas badlywounded,he rushedto thehospital tosee him.他听说儿子受了重伤，急忙赶到医院去看望他The motherlikes sayingthat shehasagood daughter.母亲喜欢说她有一个好女儿我确信她会喜欢这个礼物的I amsure thatshe willlike thepresent.We areglad thatso manyold friendswill come to ourparty.我们很高兴这么多老朋友要来参加我们的聚会The headmastersaid thatwe wouldvisit thescience museumthe nextSunday.校长说下周日我们将去参观科学博物馆Our teacherof physicssuggested thatwe shouldtry to make someelectronic toysourselves.我们的物理老师建议我们自己应试着做一些电动玩具注意在等表示“要求；建议”等的动词之后的宾语从句中，谓suggest,demand,order,insist语用“动词原形或动词原形”结构should+由引导的宾语从句，它们引导的是一般疑问句，在从句中有含义是否，不充当成份，

2.whether,if不可以省去一般情况下，和可以互换，但有的情况下只能用不可用if whetherwhether,if当后接不定式时，只能用不能用1whether,if用于句首时不可用只能用表示“是否”2if,whether后面有时，只可以用不能用3or notwhether,if当然还有“如果”之意，引导条件状语从句，而则无此功能if whethereg.I wantto knowwhether if you canrepair therecorder for me.我想知道你能否帮我修录音机She askedwhether ifthere wereany chemisfsshops inthis street.她问这条街上有没有药房由等引导的宾语从句如

3.who,what,how,which,whose,where,when,why Pleasetell mewho请告诉我今天早晨谁第一个来的came firstthis morning.有利于我!这个记者要给我们谈谈他The reporterwill talkto us about what he sawand heard in Japan.在日本的见闻The listenerswere muchinterested inhow theman became an artist.听众对于他是如何成为艺术家的事情非常感兴趣请您指点一下，我到人民公Please showme whichbus I should taketo getto thePeoples Park.园应乘哪路公共汽车我想知道谁的笔落在阅览室I wantto knowwhose penis lefton thetable in the readingroom.的桌子上了你知道这个博物馆在哪儿吗Do you know where the museumisPlease tellme whenEinstein wonthe NobelPrize forphysics.请告诉我爱因斯坦什么时候获得诺贝尔物理学奖金的请给我解释一Please explainto mewhy heavyobjects andlight objectsfall at the samespeed.下，为什么重的物体和轻的物体下落速度是一样的宾语从句的时态把握宾语从句的时态要知道其时态是由主句决定的，当主句为现在的时态时，从

4.句根据自身的需要选用任一个时态；当主句为过去时的时候，从句也要用过去的一种时态，但此时要注意如果从句表示的是客观真理，则仍使用一般现在时，不可换为过去时另外，我们要注意区分客观真理与一般性的事实如“他昨天告诉我他的哥哥是个医生”这句话中的从句表示的就属于一般性事实，这时的从句应用过去时，但在口语或非正式的场合下，也有使用一般现在时的情况，正式、规范的英文还是要变成过去时，说成He told me thathis brotherwas adoctor yesterday.注意宾语从句的语序在引导词后面的从句都应为陈述句语序，而不可以是一般疑问句的顺序

5.另外还要注意由…引导的宾语从句，当主句的主语与从句的主语相同时可转换

6.what,where,how成“疑问词+动词不定式”的简单句形式如I amnot surewhich sweaterIshouldchoose.=I amnot surewhich sweaterto choose.

（二）初谈直接引语与间接引语概述说话人在转述别人的话时，可以一字不差地加以引用，被引用的话在语法上叫做直接引语

1.如约翰说下周我将要去伦敦”John saidI amgoing to London nextweekShe said,“We haveenough timeto finishthe work.”她说“我们有足够的时间完成这项工作”说话人用自己的话转述别人的话时，可以对原话有所更动，这叫做间接引语如John said that he约翰说他下周要去伦敦was going toLondonthe nextweek.She said that theyhad enoughtimeto finishthe work.她说他们有足够的时间完成这项工作间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号各种句式的变化

2.（）陈述句直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词引导（在口语中常省略），从1that that句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语等要做相应的变化如He saidto me,“I brokeyour CDplayer.f Hetold methat hehad brokenmy CDplayer.She saidIllgo theretomorrow.f She said thatshe wouldcome herethe next/following day.He said,“These booksare mine,f He said thatthose bookswere his.She said/Til comehere thisafternoon.f Shesaidthatshe wouldgo therethat afternoon.He said,Light travelsmuch fasterthan soundf Hesaidthatlight travelsmuch fasterthansound.（注意直接引语若是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变）（）疑问句2

①一般疑问句要用连词或弓|导主句中的谓语动词是时，要改为没有间whether ifsaid askedo接宾语时，可以加一个间接宾语或等）如（me,him us46（）Hesaid,Are youinterested in Englishf He asked meif Iwas interestinEnglish.

②特殊疑问句仍用原来的疑问词引导如・（）“What canI dofbr you”he askedme f Heaskedme whathe coulddo forme.

③祈使句转述祈使句时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带的不定式，并在不定式前面根据句子的to意思加上等动词，其句型是（）如果祈使句为否定tell,ask,order tell/ask/order sb.not todo sth.o式，在不定式的前面加上如note“Make surethe dooris shut,“she saidto herlittle son.f Shetold herlittle sontomakesurethe doorwas shut.“Dont smoke in the room,hesaidto me.fHetoldmenot tosmokein theroom.【典型例题】[例一（北京春季）1]I thinkit,s going to bea bigproblem.2002一Yes,it couldbe.一I wonderwe cando aboutit.A.if B.how C.what D.that答案选择Co评析直接引语和间接引语都是宾语本题考查宾语从句的引导词问题，根据题意，需要一个既能引导宾语从句又能在宾语从句中作的宾语的词因此为正确选择d C（上海）[^\2]Someone isringing thedoorbell.Go andsee.2000A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who itis答案D评析宾语从句要用陈述句语序当不清楚所谈到的人是男是女时，要用代词不用或it,she heo（上海）[^\3]Quiteafewpeopleusedtobelievethatdisaster ifa mirrorwas broken.2002A.was sureof strikingB.was sureof havingstruckC.was sureto bestruck D.was sureto strike答案D评析本句意为“过去很多人相信如果镜子碎了之后灾难就会降临用的句型，此be suretod处的为不及物动词strike[例一一4]What does she wantI dontknow what.A.doesshewant B.did shewantC.she wantedD.she wants答案D评析宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序，因而排除、而由问句的时态及主句的时态判断应为一A B,般现在时，故选Do[彳列5]I dontknow ifshe.But ifshe,ril letyouknow.A.will come,comes B.will come,will comeC.comes,comes D.comes,will come答案选择A评析可引导两种从句，宾语从句（第一个）和条件状语从句（第二个）宾语从句时态由主句if ifif,决定，而条件状语从句符合“主将从现”的要求，故选Ao【模拟试题】综合练习

（一）

1.Great Wallislongest wallin theworld.A.The,the B.A,a C.The,a D.A,the一

2.Is thisyour bedroom一No,its room.5A.the childrenB.the childrensC.ofthechildren D.a childrens（三峡大坝）

3.The waterbehind theThree GorgesDam shouldbe higherthan downstream（下游）.A.sixty-five meterB.sixty-fifth meterC.sixty-five metersD.sixty-fifth meters

4.He spokevery fastand very,people understoodwhathesaid.A.little B.a littleC.few D.a few

5.children thereare ina family,their lifewill be.A.The less,the betterB.The fewer,the betterC.Fewer,richer D.More,poorer一

6.did youlike thetrip toHainan一It waswonderful.A.When B.How C.Where D.What

7.Taiwan isthe southeastof China.A.in B.to C.on D.at

8.He wasriding toschool hewas hitby acar thismorning.A.while B.when C.as D.so一

9.I takesome photosin thehall一No,you.A.Can,neednt B.Must,mustnt C.Could,wont D.May,mustnt

10.Youd betterto sendmeanemail whenyou gethome.A.not toforget B.dont forgetC.to not forget D.notforget

11.How aboutto thecinema onSunday A.go B.to goC.going D.will go

12.When Iwas atcollege Ithree foreignlanguages,but Iall exceptfor afewwords ofeach.A.spoke,had forgottenB.spoke,have forgottenC.had spoken,had forgottenD.had spoken,have forgotten

13.The policefound thatthe houseand alot ofthings.A.has broken into,has beenstolen B.had broken into,had beenstolenC.has beenbrokeninto,stolen D.had beenbrokeninto,had beenstolen

14.Our foreignteacher willgo backfor Christmas.We willgo andher atthe airporttomorrow.A.say helloto B.say sorryto C.say goodbyeto D.say excuseto

15.Marys brotherhad atalk atschool yesterdayafternoon,A.had he B.hadnt heC.did heD.didnt he

16.Jenny andher parentsgoingtovisit thePalace Museumtomorrow.A.is B.am C.are D.be

17.—MumMay Igo outand playbasketball一you your homework yetA.Do,finish B.Are,finishing C.Did,finish D.Have,finished

18.—Excuse me,to thenearest bookshop,please—Go straightand takethe secondturning onthe left.A.wherethe way is B.which the way isC.where isthewayD.which istheway一

19.This dresswas lastyears style.一I thinkit stilllooks perfectit hasgone outthis year.A.so that B.even thoughC.as ifD.ever since

20.Theres someoneatthedoor.Can yougo andsee whois A.he B.she C.that D.it

21.Thafs theonly thingcant beforgotten in my life.A.thatB.which C.who D./

22.“Nightingal Prizeis for.A.workers B.scientists C.doctors D.nurses

23.——Im sorry.I mistookyou fbrLucy.・9—♦A.Not atall B.Tm sorry,too C.Its apleasure D.Thats allright

24.—Jim andI willgo tothe postoffice thisafternoon.一,go togetherA.So Ido,Why dont B.So doI,What aboutC.So Iwill,How aboutD.So willI,Shall we综合练习

（二）

1.1hope youllhave goodtime atparty.・A.a,/B an,the C.a,a D.a the

2.The marketisnt farfrom here.Its onlybicycle ride.9A.half an hours B.half anhours C.half anhour D.anhourand ahalf

3.1was8years oldwhen my father was

31.This yearmyfatheris twicemy age.How oldam IA.

21.B.

22.C.

23.D.

24.一

4.Which ofthe twoEnglish dictionarieswill youbuy一ril buyof them,so Ican giveone tomy friend,Helen.A.either B.neither C.all D.both

5.It will be badfor yourhealthtoeat foodand takeexercise.A.fewer,more B.more,less C.little,much D.less,more

6.Two fishermensaw in the skywhile theywere fishingby alake.A.something strangeB.anything strangeC.strange somethingD.strange anything

7.,China willsend upa spaceshipwith peopleinto space.A.Before longB.So forC.From thenon D.Long before

8.The bookwas sointeresting thathe readit forthree hourshe realizedit.A.when B.until C.after D.before一

9.Wheres Bob一He hasgone toParis withhis sister.He beback intwo weeks.A.has toB.will C.should D.must一

10.Hello!Would youlike togo tothe concertwith metonight一Im sorryI cant.Mother wontmetogo outin theevening.A.let B.allow C.offer D.ask

11.Betty washeardinher bedroom.A.sing B.sings C.singing D.sang一

12.Alice,why didntyou comeyesterday一I,but Ihad anunexpected visitor.A.had B.would C.was goingto D.did

13..The ChineseCommunist Partyin Shanghaiin

1921.A.was foundB.found C.was foundedD.founded

14..The youngman brokehis armintheaccident andhad tohis job.A.sendup B.put upC.give upD.get up

15.My unclethe Partyin

1970.He forover28years.A.joined,hasjoined the Party B.joined,has beena PartymemberC.hasjoined,has beenintheParty D.hasjoined,is intheParty

16.There will be avolleyballmatch inour school,A.be thereB.is thereC.will thereD.wont there一

17.Whats onthe plate一There somebread on it.A.is B.are C.has D.have

18.The scientistknows twolanguages.He canspeak EnglishFrench.A.either,or B.neither,nor C,both,and D.so,that

19.Could youtell meA.which roomhe lives B.which roomhe livedC.which roomdid helive inD.which roomhe livesin

20.No matterbusy heis,he wontgive uphis hobby.A.where B.how C.what D.who

21.In thestreet Imet thescientist gaveusatalk lastweek.A.he B.which C.who D.what

22.You canfind thefollowing INSTRUCTIONSon.KEEP INA COLDPLACEA.food B.money C.clothes D.books一

23.Would youlike somemore chicken—.Tm full.一A.Yes,please B.No,thanks C.Yes,I wouldD.No,I wouldnt

24.Who issinging inthe nextroom一9is Marys sister.A.This B.She C.He D.It综合练习

（三）

1.1like playingfootball andmy sisterlikes playingpiano.A./,the B./,/C.the,the D.a,the

2.Last night,there wasa foodaccident.Ten wereill,but nowere lost.A.child,livesB.children,life C.children,lives D.child,life

3.The doctorworked forafter twelveoclock.A.two morehours B.two anotherhour C.more twohours D.another twohour一

4.When shall we meetagain nexttime一day isOK.A.Either B.Neither C.None D.Any

5.Wouldyou pleasesay itI stillcant followyou.A.loudly B.slowly C.more loudlyD.more slowly一

6.shallwemeet inthe park一What abouthalf pasteight A.What B.When C.Where D.Which

7.Either Bobor Peterwatching the17th WorldCup now.A.isB.are C.am D.be

8.You willbe ableto getgood marks.A.while youare doingyourhomeworkby yourselfB.ifyoudo somerevision everydayC.before youbegin tostudy hard5D.until youfollow yourteachers advice

9.——Dont forgetto postthis letterforme,please.—No,I.A.dontB.wont C.mustnt D.cant

9.11prefer tooffer moremoney fora bettercomputer lessfor thisone.A.to payingB.to payC.not topay D.rather thanpay

11.Kate spentmost ofher freetime TVplays.A.watch B.watched C.to watchD.watching

12.Great changesinmyhome townsince liberation.A.have beentaken placeB.took placeC.have takenplace D.were takenplace

13.The waterwillbefurther pollutedunless somemeasures.A.willbetaken B.are takenC.were takenD.had beentaken

14.They thenewspaper whenI wentinto theirroom.A.were readingB.are readingC.have readD.will read

15.Again andagain thedoctor thecrying girl,but thecouldnt findout whatwas wrongwithher.A.looked overB.looked afterC.looked forD.looked at

16.There islittle milkinthebottle,A.isnt itB.isitC.isnt thereD.is there一

17.Do youknow wheremy teacherlives一She lives150Kenming Road.A.at,in B.at,on C.on,at D.in,at一

18.,how manybooks haveyou read一・Because Imbusy thesedays.A.Lastyear,Afew B.So far,FewC.Two dayslater,So manyD.Last week,Many afew一

19.I hearwell havea newteacher thisterm.一ReallyDoyouknow A.what subjectdoes heteach B.what subjectwill heteachC.what subjecthe teachesD.what subjectishegoingtoteach

20.Tom willcome tosee usheisfree tomorrow.A.if B.until C.while D.as

21.The policecaught theman stolemy handbag.A.heB.that C.whom D.which

22.English peopleuse Mr.before amans firstname.A.never B.usually C.often D.sometimes

23.——Ive gottwo ticketsfor thefootball match.Would youlike tocome withme一,When shallwe startA.You arewelcome B.No,thanks C.Id loveto D.Excuse me

24.If yousee asign with“No photosonit,you.A.can takephotos B.should justlook atthe photosC.cant takephotos D.should takesome photosaway综合练习

（一）1—5ABCCB6—10BABDD11—15CBDCD16—20CDDBD21—24综合练习

（二）ADDD6—10AADBB16—20DACDB11—15CCCCB1—5DBCDB综合练习

（三）21—246—10BABBD16—20DBBCA【试题答案】21—24BACC【试题分析】综合练习

（一）.选意为“他说得太快以致于很少/几乎没人能听懂他说了什么”修饰可数名词用（）表示4Co afew,否定含义，没有故为（选）“a”,few C.选句子意为“房子被（人）闯进来了，东西被偷走了”，因此从句中用被动语态，而宾语从13Do句主句的过去时，决定了从句时态也应为过去的时态，故选D综合练习

（二）.选宾语从句引导词后的句子应为陈述句（主+谓）的语序，故不对，又因为此处为不及19D Clive物动词，需补加介词故选in,D.选由于从声音一般不易判断出人的性别，故都用来代，又如敲门声，说话声，笑声等等24Do it综合练习

（三）.选宾语从句用陈述句语序，故、、都不对，为正确选项19Co AB DC选先行词为应用指人的关系词或（）关系词在定语从句中作主语，不可

21.B theman,that whom,用故选whom,Bo【励志故事】积极心态国王与宰相在商议事情，适逢天下大雨，国王问“宰相啊！你说下雨是好事坏事啊”宰相说“好事！陛下正好可微服私访”又有一天，天下大旱，国王又问“宰相啊！你说大旱是好事坏事啊”宰相说“好事！陛下正好可微服私访”又有一天，国王吃水果时不小心切掉了小拇指，又问“宰相啊！你说切掉手指是好事坏事啊”宰相说“好事！”于是，国王大怒，将宰相关入地牢，自己独自去打猎了不想打猎途中国王误中土人陷阱被捉，好在因为不是全人（缺手指），免去被吃掉的恶运死里逃生的国王回想起宰相的好，赶紧回宫将宰相从地牢里放出来，又问宰相“我把你关在地牢里好不好啊”宰相又答“好！好极了！要不是陛下将微臣关在地牢里，微臣恐怕就陪陛下打猎被捉，被土人吃掉了一一”人生要有平常心，凡事有利有弊，要善于从积极的角度去考虑问题，乐观的处世记住这样的一段话太棒了！这种事居然发生在我身上，又给我了上升的空间每件事的发生必有其目的，必。