托福写作话题词汇

产生深远影响create/profound/far-reaching/pervasive influence/impact/effeet促进文化交流promote culturalexchange增强国际交流和合作strengtheninternational communication and cooperation电脑使用有利于老师和学生扩宽他们知识面The useof computerscan helpteachers andstudents broadentheir horizons.掌握电脑使用为学生未来职业发展奠定坚实基础The masteryof computertechniques laysa solidfoundation forstudents careerdevelopment in thefuture.一些学生过分沉迷于网络会严重影响学习Some of students areobsessed withthe Internet,which willnegatively affecttheir study.过分使用电脑会应影响身体健康Excessive useof computerposes aserious threatto healthofstudents.人们能够经过电脑和因特网在家办公People cantelecommute throughthe Internetand computers.人们需要不停接收职业培训方便赶上新科技快速发展People haveto continuevocational trainingto keeppace withthe fastdevelopment oftechnology电脑和办公自动化使得人们更有效地工作Computerization andoffice automationenable peopleto workmore quicklyand effectively.降低日常开支/租金/文具及设备开支reduce overheads/rent/expenses onoffice stationeryand equipments汽车、飞机和铁路普及大大降低了人们在路途上奔走时间The popularityof automobiles,airplanes andrailways greatlyreduce people s commutingtime.媒体新闻界the press/journalism大众媒体massmedia平面媒体the printmedia新闻机构newsoutlets无处不在prevalent/ubiquitous/pervasive各种各样激感人心节目various thrillingprograms如实报道factualaccounts可信reliable/trustworthy/dependable客观公正objective andbalanced及时up-to-the-minute/up-to-date信息量大informative娱乐性强entertaining教育性educational/instructive制造交流话题create topicsof discussion力口强家庭关系strengthen thefamily ties/the emotionalbond offamily members唤起社会良知或者责任感awaken theconscience ofsociety传输知识与科学spread/diffuse/disseminate knowledgeandscience明辨是非distinguish/differentiate rightfrom wrong揭露事实和真理reveal/disclose truthsandfacts低质量节目poor-quality programs收视率audience ratings追求最大程度利润pursue maximumprofit狗仔队paparazzi复数名人celebrities/TV/sports/politicab**personalities侵犯隐私/私生活violate/intrudeon/infringe onsomeone,s privacy/private life破坏某人声誉ruin/damage/smear one sreputation/prestige满足心理需要satisfy peoples psychologicalneeds丑闻scandals绯闻gossips充满着be floodedwith/be saturatedwith/be inundatedwith过多暴力与色情内容excessive violentandpornographic contents媒体炒作media hype夸大事实exaggerate/overstate/blow thingsout ofallproportions不公正报道biased coverage有误导性misleading/misrepresented/distorted诈骗性fraudulent虚假false/bogus使…丧失了想象力和创造力deprive somebodyof ones imaginationandcreativity不能区分假象和现实fail totell thedifference betweenillusion andreality盲目追求时尚follow thefashion blindly疏远家人和朋友alienate oneselffrom thefamily andfriends与现实隔绝be detachedfrom reality模仿暴力/反社会行为imitate violent/anti-social behaviors激发少年犯罪trigger juvenilecrimes审查censorvt/censorship n监督scrutinize/monitor/oversee道德/行为准则code ofethics/code ofconduct国家/地域文化特征cultural identityof a nation/region全球文化同一化过程global culturalhomogenization文化同一性cultural homogeneity/culturaluniformity地球村the globalvillage环境生态系统ecosystem/ecological system生物多样性biodiversity打破生态平衡disturb ecologicalbalance/ecological equilibrium保持生态平衡keep/maintainecological balance形成恶性循环form avicious circle某一地域动植物animals andplants/flora andfauna/the wildlifein aregion濒危动物Endangered animals自然栖息地natural habitat野生保护区wildlifereserve可连续发展sustainable development环境保护主义者environmentalist/conservationists环境友好environmentally-friendly生态友好eco-friendly肥沃土壤fertile soil贫瘠土壤infertile soil耕地arable land/farmland增加农产品产量boost cropyield开采自然资源exploit naturalresources消耗consume/deplete/use up节约save/conserve/economize on保护preserve/protect/safeguard再利用reuse/recycle用尽useup/exhaust污染pollute/contaminate/dirty污水effluent/sewage排放discharge/release废物处理waste disposal有毒物质化学材料poisonous/toxic/hazardous substances/chemicals农业/工业/家庭废物agricultural/industrial/household waste；车辆尾气vehicle exhaustemission/fumes/gas化石燃料fossil fuelscoal,crude oil,petroleum,gasoline,diesel oil,natural gas环境保护型/可再生能源Environmental-friendly/renewable energiessolarenergy,wind power,tidal power,hydro energy,electric power,nuclearenergy,biofuel,biogas灾害Disasters andcatastrophes flood,drought,mudslide,sandstorm,acid rain,oil spill,nuclear leak,air pollution,green effect,global warming,unstable climate,desertification,land degradation,soil erosion,watercontamination,species extinction各国携手countries mustjoin forces/makes aconcertedeffort/unite asone处理环境问题combat/tackle/resolve/address environmentalproblems严厉方法harsh action/measures增强公众意识raise the public awarenessof sth提倡低碳生活advocate alow-carbon lifeMandirties the air withpoisonous gasand smoke,poisons thewater withchemicals and other substances,and damagesthe soilwith toomany fertilizersand pesticides.People showan appallingdisregard forthe environment.They throwaway householdwastes ortakeawayspackaging inpublic places.They operatemotor vehiclesthat filltheairwith disturbingnoise andhazardousgases.They huntand killanimals forprofit to the pointof extinction.Untreated sewagewas pouredinto riversand seas.Acid rainwas causedby thepoisonous gasesreleasedfrom industriesand automobiles.Marine lifeis threatenedby oilspills ortoxic wastesof whichfactoriesdispose.Scientists believethat ifhumans donot takemeasures tocontrol theemission ofgreenhouse gases,the temperatureof theearth willcontinue togrow.Eventually,this couldmelt thepolar icecapsand causedevastating costalflooding allover theworld.Pollution ofsoil reduces the amount of arableland availablein theworld.Badly pollutedair cancause illness,and evendeath,contaminated waterkills fishandothermarinelife.Water pollutionreducesthe amountofpure,fresh waterthat isavailable fornecessitiesas suchdrinkingand cleaning,and forsuch activitiesas swimmingand fishing.Our governmentshould introducestronger andharsher lawsand regulationsto diminishsuch behaviorsaslittering andwaste-dumping.Educational activitiesshould besponsored bythe governmentto promotepublic awarenessofenvironmental protection.We shouldset updustbins onevery streetand alleyto collectglass,paper,and aluminumthat canbeconverted backinto rawmaterials.The rubbishshould beclassified scientificallyso thatthe recyclingprocedure canachieve highefficiency.In orderto reducetheamountof toxicgases andgreenhouse gasesin theatmosphere,governmentsat alllevels mayadopt therule thatodd-numbered vehiclesare allowedto runonly onodd datesandeven-numbered carson evendates.健康An overabundanceof TV-viewing,as manyscientist pointout,may leadto anincrease inobesity amongkids.As childrenspend mostof theirfree timewatching TVprogrammes,they seldomdo exercisesin the openair andthus,get usedto asedentary lifestyle,overabundance过多，过量obesity肥胖症sedentary久坐Some formsof airpollution mightbe aslight annoyanceto ahealth personbut lifethreateningsomeonewith emphysemaor anotherrespiratory disorder.annoyance烦恼，扰人之事emphysema肺气肿respiratory呼吸Exposure tonoise mayresult ina rangeof possiblephysical effectsincludingheadaches nauseincreasedblood pressure,other cardiovascularchanges andgeneral fatigue.exposure暴露a rangeof一系列nausea恶心cardiovascular心血管fatigue疲劳Smoking isthe maincause ofnot onlylung cancerbut alsomany otherdiseases suchas corthroat,heart attacks,etc.In addition,smoking alsospeeds upthe processof agingand bringa wrinklesonpeoplesfaces.lung cancer肺癌sore throat咽喉痛heart attacks心脏病aging衰老wrinkle皱纹In orderto make their foodmore tasty,restaurants oftenserve disheswith excessiveoil,sugara otheradditives.As aconsequence,people whooften eatsuch foodmay suffer from diseaseslikeobesity,diabetes,and foodpoisoning.excessive过量additive添加剂sufferfrom遭受，患diabetes糖尿病政府/建设当局governments/authoritiesn民主与进步政府ademocratic andprogressive government老百姓citizens/the common/thepublic/the grassroots规范，管理regulate/administer/oversee vt实施implement vt/put***into effect严格规章制度stringent/strict rulesand regulations立法make laws/legislation对・,•实施限制impose restrictionson---禁止strictly prohibit/ban为…拨款allocate/dedicate money to sth.invest/pour moneyinsth financevt/fundvt/moneyto sth.预算budget税收tax revenuen政府开支government spending/expenditure onsth.削减cut/axe/reduce/slash增加increase/augment/raise当务之急n priority把…作为当务之急give prioritytosth.太空竞赛space racen太空探索space exploration巩固国防reinforce nationaldefense领土扩张territorial expansion寻求霸权seek/pursue hegemony民族自豪感a sense of nationalpride支柱产业a pillarindustry促进经济发展boost theeconomicdevelopment传统建筑是历史和社会习俗标志，所以保护老建筑实际上是保护文化Traditional buildingsare thesymbols ofhistory andsocial conventions,so topreserveold buildingsis toconserve thecivilization ofanation.老建筑有利于维持建筑格调多样性Time-honored buildingshelp tomaintain thediversity ofarchitectural styles.许多老建筑既没有经济价值也不具备实用价值A vastnumber ofold buildingshave neithereconomic valuesnor practicalvalues保护老建筑需要花费大量时间和金钱It takescommitment ofmoney and time toprotect historicsites.艺术形式Literaturemyth,parable,folktale,novel,short story,poetry,drama,essay,biography,blogMusicclassical,folk,jazz,soul,country,rockroll,pop,rap,blues,RB,techno,opera Moviescomedy,tragedy,social drama,romance,musical,epic,costume,cartoon,animation,science fiction,action；martial arts；documentary,disaster,horror,thriller,suspense---TV Programmestalk/game/talent/dating/reality show；cartoon series；soapopera sitcom；drama；news/interview/sports/music/nature/science/history programme；Dance ballet芭蕾舞folk dance民族舞tap dance踢踏舞break dance霹雳舞popping dance机械舞mambo曼波舞jazz dance爵士舞street dance街舞International styleof ballroomdance国家标准舞性格人品词汇外向直言型outspoken,straightforward,frank,candid,open-minded,extroverted内向含蓄型reserved,quite,introverted,taciturn,shy善良热心型nice,kind,warm-hearted,benevolent体贴同情型considerate,thoughtful,sympathetic,tender,tender-hearted慷慨大度型generous,unselfish,liberal,broad-minded,magnanimous,have abig heart主动自信型positive,optimistic,confident,self-assured勤劳踏实型hard-working,industrious,diligent,conscientious,down-to-earth老实正直型honest,upright,noble,righteous,virtuous,veracious忠诚可信型loyal,faithful,trusty,trustworthy,credible,reliable,dependable友爱和善型friendly,hospitable,amiable,agreeable,sociable,approachable幽默搞笑型funny,humorous,amusing,hilarious活力四射型lively,energetic,spirited,vigorous,dynamic热情深意型passionate about,enthusiasticfor,ardent,zealous,romantic,affectionate坚定执着型determined,assertive,resolute,persistent,persevering,determined,tenacious冷静自制型calm,placid,composed,poised,contained,self-controlled,self-possessed文雅有礼型polite,gentle,elegant,graceful,refined,well-mannered,courteous,urbane勇敢无畏型brave,bold,daring,manly,adventurous,courageous,stout-hearted,undaunted理想远大型ambitious,aspiring,enterprising博学远见型learned,knowledgeable,enlightened,far-sighted,visionary睿智有才型clever,smart,intelligent,wise,witty,gifted,talented,versatile,resourceful,ingenious,creative,inventivecomplete/accomplish assignmentpresentation/report/essay/paper/thesis/dissertation ontime填鸭式教学force-feed/spoon-feed theknowledge to the students死记硬背learn thingsby rote,spit backpredigestedideas,cram forexams机械记忆概念、方程式、公式、定理和定律mechanically memorizeconcepts,equations,formulas,theorems andlaws盲从-••指令follow someone,s orderblindly/indiscriminatelyadvs限制创造力发展extinguish/stifle/constrain creativity打击学生学生主动性dampen/sap students enthusiasmfor learningfrustratethe students激起无须要同辈压力beget/intensify unduepeerpressure基于智力差异/学业成绩/社会背景对学生进行分离教育segregate studentson basisof theirintellectual disparity/academic performance/socia backgroun评价老师教学appraise/evaluate/assess teachersperformance从学生中取得建设性反电/提议gainconstructive feedbacks/suggestions fromstudents使学生对教学过程有更大讲话权giv studentsagreater sayintheteaching-learning process对讲课进行监督provide anoversight ovelectures改进教学方法improve teachingmethodology/pedagogical methodology降低教职员工懈怠正度minimizeslack attitudeamong teachingfaculty损害老师在课堂中权威性impair theauthorit ofteachers intheclassroom对课程/老师持有偏见/不负责评论hold biasedopinions/irresponsible commentsonacourse/teacher造成学生不守纪律/行为不端breed indiscipline/misbehaviors amongstudents小组学习有利于学生们了解团体工作主要性和提升他们社会技能Studying ina grouphelps studentsto understandthe importanceof team-work andimprove theirsocialskills.学生们在合作学习中取得不一样观点和经验Students gain/obtain avariety ofperceptions andexperience incooperative learning.休闲/生活业余时间free time/leisure time/spare time娱乐entertainment/recreation/amusement保持健康keep fit/healthy/in shape保持身体柔韧性keep thebody softand supple强壮体魄build ones muscle提升免疫功效enhance immunefunction消耗多出脂肪/热量burn offextra fat/calories预防人们变胖prevent peoplefrom gettingoverweight预防重大疾病guard…against fataldiseases改进血液循环improve bloodcirculation增强耐力build uponesstamina训练自制力train self-discipline磨砺意志build ones character丰富知识enrich ones knowledge开阔视野broaden ones mind/horizon陶冶情操cultivate ones minds净化心灵purify ones soul发展专长develop ones specialties增强自信和自尊boost ones confidenceand self-esteem消除忧虑free/liberate oneselffrom dailytrouble/worldly concerns缓解压力relieve/ease/alleviate/release ones workpressure/mental stress娱乐自我amuse/entertain/recreate/oneself劳逸结合keep/strike/maintain abalance betweenworkand leisure丰富人生经历enrich lifeexperience观赏自然景观admire/appreciate/experience thescenery/landscape ofMother Nature扩大社交圈子widen socialcircle促进友情/人际关系strengthenfriendship/interpersonal relations体验精神上享受experience mentalamusement andenjoyment取得他人支持/抚慰/激励/忠言/提议/建设性批评get support/comfort/encouragement/advice/suggestion/constructive criticismfrom others工作体面/理想/收入好工作decent/ideal/well-paid jobs卑微/无价值/收入低工作menial/valueless/under-paid jobs脑力/体力劳动mental/labor work；whitecollar/blue-collar申请兼职/暂时/实习职位apply forpart-time/temporaryjobs/internships取得全职/永久职位get/land/secure afull-time/permanent jobposition有灵活/紧凑工作时间have aflexible/tightschedule提供晋升空间provide agood chanceof promotion提供有前途未来offer apromising future为长久职业目标奠定基础pave theway forlongterm careerplan感到归属感feel asense ofbelonging认可某人企业努力/地位recognize ones efforts/status inthe company参加决议过程participate indecision-making process充分发挥潜能/才华realizeone,s fullpotential/talents学会合作和妥协learn tocooperate andcompromise自信面对激烈竞争face thefierce/stiff competitionwithconfidence/self-assurance取得颇丰收入get fat/high/generoussalary/income/remuneration更新专业知识和技能update ones expertiseandskills建立友好工作关系establish harmoniousworking relationship在员工/部门间形成协同作用create agreat synergybetween differentemployees/departments改进人际/交流能力improveinterpersonal/communicative skills掌握处理问题/管理/学历能力master problem-solving/managerial/1earning skills提供稳定感和满足感affordstability andsatisfaction培养责任感develop asenseofresponsibility取得个人成就attain personalachievement/accomplishment出人头地make itto thetop ofinthe society形成团体合作和相互尊重气氛create anatmosphere ofteam spiritand mutualrespect理论付诸实践put theoriesinto practice；utilize bookknowledge inreality；apply thetheories learnedin schoolto theresolution ofpracticalproblems.取得宝贵工作经验obtain invaluableworking experience强化个人简历/任职能力strengthen one,sresumes/competence,在工作面试中占有先机have anedge/advantage injob interviews与受欢迎雇主建立联络build importantcontacts withsought-after employers,使…熟悉某一产业最新发展familiarizeone withthe contemporarystate ofan industry迎接挑战Stand upto thechallenge/meet thechallenge实现人生价值realize thevalues of life丰富一个人生活阅历enrich/accumulate ones socialexperience培养自己独立性和坚韧性cultivate ones independenceand toughness追求个人发展seekfor personaldevelopment展示才能和创造力display ones talentand creativity取得自我实现感gaina senseof self-fulfi1Iment/achievement为机构/社会做出贡献make ones owncontribution toanorganization/thesociety确定自己角色define ones role无薪加班work overtimewithout extrapay在团体中负担太多压力assume/shoulder excessiveresponsibilities inthe team赶工作任务最终期限meet thedeadlines forwork tasks应对巨大工作压力face/handle extremepressure fromwork生活有特殊审美价值老房子old buildingof specialaesthetic value有特殊历史意义老房子buildingof historicsignificance让城市更美观beautifyvt thecities/bettervt thecityscape破I日房子rundown/shabby/dilapidated拆除tear downa building/demolish abuilding/raze,,•totheground高楼high-rise/toweringbuildings摩天楼skyscrapers城市化urbanization缩小城镇差距narrow/bridge thegap betweenthe cityandthe countryside城市city；urban area大城市metropolis；cosmopolitan city乡村the countryside；rural area繁荣发展developed/prosperous/thriving/booming落后贫穷poor/needy/underdeveloped/poverty-stricken居民dweller,residents,inhabitant城市文明舒适civilized comforts田园生活pastoral/idyllic life节奏快速生活fast-paced life生活节奏加速the tempo/pace of living hasaccelerated舒缓生活节奏slow/gentle paceoflife相对高/低生活水平relatively poor/high livingstandards低廉/飞涨生活成本low/skyrocketing costofliving丰富生活物资abundant lifenecessities多个多样娱乐方式various formsof entertainment交通堵塞traffic jams/traffic congestions人口激增Populationexplosion拥挤/人多crowded/populous人口稀少have asmall/sparse/thinly-scattered population阶级两极分化Class polarization贫穷needy/poverty-stricken/impoverished/destitute/indigent富裕affluent/wealthy/well-off失业unemployment/joblessness犯罪率上升arising crimerate社会冲突social conflict社会稳定social stability提供更多就业机会/职位offermore jobopportunities/openings当代生活过大压力overwhelming pressure/stress ofmodern life情绪/精神/心理/社会/经济emotional/mental/psychological/social/finaneial stress社会福利socialwelfare基础设施infrastructure/public facilities/utilities便捷交通工具Convenienttransportation meansairplane/aeroplane；car/automobile；train/high-speed train/bullet train；bus；subway/underground/tube/metro；ship/ferry/vessel公路/铁路网road/railway networks公共交通public transportation电网power grid供水系统water supply排水系统drainage system娱乐设施recreational facilitiescafes/bars/pubs/clubs/discos/parks/squares/cinemas/theatres/museums/artgalleries/aquariums/zoos/funfairs/shopping malls/supermarkets/department stores/restaurants/hotels体育设施sport facilitiesgyms/stadiums/fitness center公共教育体系public educationsystem医疗服务medical service/medical care技术电脑personal computer,laptop,notebook,portable computers网络theInternet,the virtualworld,the cyberspace,World WideWeb搜索引擎search engine信息和资源分享传输the sharingand spreadingof informationand resources网上学习online learning；Internet-based learning；online courses电子书籍/期刊e-books/online journals网络社交onlinechatting/socializing社交网站social networkwebsites网络时讯/天气预报online newslet ter/weatherbroadcast网络购物online shopping//purchasing/buying andselling网络视频和音频节目online videoand audioprogram网络会议online videoand audiomeeting；teleconference网络犯罪cyber crime网络色情Internet porn网络诈骗Internet fraud电子商务E-commerce,E-business生物技术biotechnology医学技术medical technology远程通讯telecommunications尖端技术cutting-edge/up-to-date/state-of-the-art/advanced technology信息爆炸information explosion/an overloadof information信息时代the informationage/era互联网被广泛应用the proliferationof theInternet科技创新与发展technologicalinnovations/inventions/advances/progress接入网络get accesstotheInternet打破时空界限breakthe limitsof spaceandtime打破国与国之间文化、宗教、意识形态障碍break thecultural/religious/ideological barriersof differentnations节约时间、节约体力能源time-saving,energy-saving花费时间、花费体力能源energy-consuming,energy-consuming浪费时间、浪费精力time-wasting,energy-wasting为…牺牲个人时间sacrifice privatetime for…高效利用makethebest useof；take fulladvantage of；utilize efficiently提升效率augment/enhance/boost efficiency提升生产效率augment/enhance/boots productivity降低人力机器labor-saving machinery取代人力机器labor-replacing machinery自动化automationn/automatic adj彻底变革transform/revolutionize/fundamentallychange sth.以一个史无前例速度向前发展advance/progress atan unprecedentedrate突发猛进地发展sth isadvancingby leapsand bounds。