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中考冲刺五任务型阅读技巧【真题再现】I.阅读下面两篇短文，根据所给语境，按要求完成下列各题（2014黄冈）
①You canbuy chewing gum innearly everycountry of the world.But itwasnt alwayslike that.The AmericanIndians werethe firstpeople tochew gum.This gumcame froma specialtree thatgrew on theirland.In1848,a sailorcalled JohnCurtis beganselling it.He wasthe firstperson tosell chewinggum.The gumhesold costjust afew centsfor twopieces.It becamepopular veryquickly eventhough itwas veryhard to
②chew.Nowadays,other things ace addedto thegum tomake itsoft andsweet.By1890,there werehundreds ofdifferent chewinggums.The mostfamous namein chewinggum,however,isprobably WilliamWrigley.He spenta lotof moneyin advertisingand evensent freepieces ofgum tochildren on their（）birthdays.3He alsosaid[hat chewinggum helpedpeople workbetter andthat itstopped peoplefrom feelingtiled.Although todaymany millionsof peoplechew gum,not everyonethinks it is agood thingto do.Many peoplethinkit isdirty.The Singaporegovernment doesnot allowpeople tobuy chewinggum.One reasonfor thisis thatwhensome people have chewedall thetaste outof theirpiece ofgum,they takeit outof theirmouths andput iton tothebacks ofseats orother places.
1.请将
①处翻译成汉语______________________________________________________请根据
②处内容完成下面句子（每空一词）
2.People makechewinggumsoft andsweet somethingto it.把
③处改为直接引语（每空一词）
3.He alsosaid,“Chewing gumpeople workbetter andit peoplefrom feelingtired9IL阅读下面短文，在表格内的空白处填入合适的答案（每空一词）（2014黄冈）（邮递）Mail order is aterm whichdescribes thebuying ofgoods orservices by mail delivery.The buyerplacesan orderfor thedesired productswith thesalesman throughsome remotemethod such as througha telephonecall or awebsite.Then,the productsare deliveredto the customer.The productsare typicallydelivered directlyto anaddresssupplied bythecustomer,such asa homeaddress,but sometimesthe ordersare deliveredto anearby retaillocationfor thecustomer topick up.Some businessmenalso allowthe goodsto beshipped directlyto athird customer,whichis aneffective wayto senda giftto anout-of-town friend.（目录）A mail order catalogue is a publication including a list of ordinarygoods froma company.Companieswho publishand operatemail ordercatalogues aretreated ascataloguers within the industry.Goods areproduced bypeopleall overthe world,suchasin Australia,the USA,Canada,China etc.And now many cataloguers,just aswith（零售商），most retailers are increasinglybuying goods from China.Title Mail orderWhat Mailorderis a wayof]bymail delivery.HowPeople canplace anorder by2a telephonecall orsearchingthe website.People canchoose thegoods theywant by3up in the catalogue.WhereNow goodsmade in4are moreand morepopular inforeign countries.in.任务型阅读阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题（2015陕西）（便利的）In theUK,bus journeysare verycommon.Buses areoften convenientI for the people who liveorwork in the citycenter.Passengers canavoid heavytraffic andnot have to pay fortheparking.However,taking thebusis justa necessarybut boringpart oflife:they get on the bus,pay forit andsit orfind aplace tostand whenit iscrowded.Everyone seemssad andbored.In Latin America,however,bus tripscan bewonderful.For a start,films areshowed on the busesbetween citiesfor passengers to have fun along the journeys.Local busesdo notshow films,but driversusually turnon theradio anditcan begreat forpassengers tolisten tosongs andget relaxed.Even better than films and music are the sights and sounds onthe buses.Local busesalways goto partsof thetownthat passengerswould notvisit bythemselves.There passengerscan seeshops that they havenever heardabout.彳亍And theycan alsosee othercultures of the townfrom thewindows ofthe buses.Besides,passengers luggage李is alsointeresting.It iscommon tosee ahappy dogs headgetting outof somebodys bagoralovely chickenuspeaking cheerfullyn undersomebodys arm.Once ona bus in Peru,a farmereven tieda sheepto thetop ofthe bus.Itwas quitesurprising.In all,taking the businLatin Americais reallyfun andunforgettable.
1.According to the passage,intheUK,how topassengers probably feel onthe busesTheyprobablyfeel.
2.In LatinAmerica,how canpeoplehavefun onthe busesbetween citiesTheycan.
3.In the writers opinion,what areeven betterthan filmsand musiconthe buses are.
4.Why doesthewriterthink passengers9luggage isinterestingBecause itscommon tosee differentkinds ofonthe buses.
5.What doesthe passagemainly tellus［答案与解析］It mainlytells usabout inLatinAmerica.I.阅读下面两篇短文，根据所给语境，按要求完成下列各题,但是过去并非如此/但过去和现在的情况不一样此处是介词，意为“像”1like考查同义句的转换，由第二句句意“现在，其他东西被加进口香糖中使得它软而且甜”可
2.by addingo知，把它变成主动语态时，此处在这里作为介词，介词后面加by doing考查同义句的转换，间接引语变成直接引语，需要注意时态、人称和数的变化，一般现
3.helps;stopso在时主语是第三人称单数，动词后要注意加-sIL阅读下面短文，在表格内的空白处填入合适的答案每空一词第一段第一句话
1.shopping/buying oMailorderis aterm whichdescribes thebuying ofgoods or邮递，告诉我们邮购订单是一个描述通过邮递的方式购买商品或服services bymaildelivery务的术语第一段第二句中可知“通过打电话的方式”，后接动词的形式
2.makingo througha telephonecall by-ing由第二段的第——句话目录
3.lookingo Amailordercatalogueis apublicationincludingalistofordinary.“一张邮购订单目录是一个包含有一家公司的普通货物清单的出版物”可知，人们可goodsfroma company以通过在目录里查询寻来选择他们想要的货物由文章最后一句话零售商，
4.China Andnowmanycataloguers,just aswith mostretailersareincreasinglyo.可知中国制造的物品在国外越来越流行了”buying goodsfrom ChinaIIL任务型阅读阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题从第一段最后两句
1.sad andbored theygetonthebus,payforit andsit orfind aplace tostand whenitis可知，乘客们的感受是悲伤而又无聊crowded.Everyone seemssad andbored.”从第二段第二句
2.watch amoviemovies/see afilmfilmo Forastart,films areshowed onthebuses可知，人们可以看电影，所以答案为between citiesforpassengerstohavefunalongthejourneys.”watch amoviemovies/see a从第三段第一句
3.The sightsand soundonthebuseso Evenbetterthanfilmsandmusicarethesightsand可知答案sounds onthebuses.“由第四段内容可知，公共汽车上的各种动物让作者感到有趣故填
4.animalso animals根据文章主要描述了拉丁美洲的公共汽车之旅，故填
5.thebustripjoumey/tripsjourneyso thebustripjourney/tripsjourneyso【用法讲解】考试要求许多省市中考英语试卷出现了一种综合阅读理解题型——任务型阅读任务型阅读是一种主观性试题，也有人称为“读后做要求考生阅读短文后在理解的基础上，通过一定的判断、推理、归纳总结，去完成各L种任务或者解决某种问题，这种题型介于阅读和写作之间，充分考查学生运用英语完成任务的能力考生需要理解短文并且具备从短文材料中收集有关的各种信息，然后加工整理输出信息的能力L任务型阅读的题型任务型阅读主要考查学生收集信息、整理信息的能力，是对语言综合应用能力的考查，考查的题型多样、命题灵活，可以是翻译句子，也可以是改写句子、还原句子还可以是填写表格或回答问题命题人对试题的难度也易于掌握，可以是单词拼写这样较简单的题，也可以是同义词转换等中档题，还可以有归纳主题大意、改写句子等高档题近年来各省中考试题中任务型阅读主要题型如下）阅读选择配对1根据阅读材料中所提供的语言信息找出与题意要求相匹配的选项这种选择题和四选一的题目不同，选项可能是句子或图片，形式可能是段落大意的归纳与段落的连线，但是可能不是一对一连线,一般都给出多余选项【注意】要认真阅读题干要求，如果是上下句搭配，要看清楚题目的前半个句子的内容要点，注意句子与短文的联系，切不可只看句子的部分内容而造成理解上的偏差，造成配对失误要根据短文的内容和作者的意图去搭配、注意配对后的句子内容完整、与短文的内容保持一致短文的段落主题和段落配对，要抓住短文段落的要点，要全面理解段落内容之间的关系，不能以偏概全请看下面例题You mayfeel comfortablewith somepeople.You spendan hourwith themand feelas ifyou haveknown themhalfa life.These peoplehave somethingin common.And oncewe know what itis,we cantry to do itourselves.How isit done1If youfollow theskills,youll makefriends withpeople quickly.First of all,good talkersare questions.2One well-know businesswomansays,At businesslunches,I alwaysaskpeople whatthey didthat morning.Its acommon question,but itwill getthings going.From thereyou canmove ontosome otherquestions.And howhe answerswill letyou knowhow faryou cango.3This pointseems clear,but itisnt.Your questionshould havea pointand helpto tellwhatsort ofperson youare talkingto.And tofind out,you reallyhavetolisten carefullyand attentively.Real listeningat leastmeans somethings.4If someonesticks toone topic,it means（声调）hes reallyinterested init.Real listening also means not just listening to words,but totones ofvoice.If thevoicesounds boring,then,its timefor youto change the subject.Finally,good talkersknow wellwhen tosay good-bye.Remember togive hima handshakeand say,Ive reallyenjoyedmeeting you.5Let peopleknow whatyou feel,and theymaywalk awayfeeling asif theyveknown youhalf theirlife.根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，内容完整，并将其标号填写在下面题号后的横线上A.Almost anyonewill answera question.B.Here areseveral skillsthat good talkers have.C.If youwant tosee thatperson again,dont keepit asecret.D.First,it meansnot tochangethesubject ofthe conversation.E.Second,once goodtalkers haveasked questions,they listentotheanswers.
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5.【答案与解析】根据下文所提供的可以遵循的几条技巧可知，此处应表示“好的谈话者拥有的技巧”，故选l.BoBo
2.Ao根据第三段中的uFirst ofall,goodtalkersask questions.,,可知,此处表示,几乎每个人都将回答问题”，故选A根据上文可知,此处列举了第二规则，故选
3.Eo FirstofallE根据下文中的可知，此处表示“首先，它
4.D Reallisteningalsomeansnotjustlisteningtowords,”o意味着……”，故选D根据下文可知,此处表示“不要保守秘密”,故选
5.Co“Let peopleknowwhatyou feel”C阅读短文填空2根据短文提供的语言信息，以填写词语的方式完成文后各题，其形式主要有完成句子、补全信息、所给短文的缩写或制定各种规则等任务形式所填的词或词组往往具有很高的概括性和准确性，因此，考生必须认真阅读材料，尽可能地从短文中找到所要填写的词语或者用其同义词、近义词或短语填空、有时甚至反义词或短语可能用于与短文中对应句子意思相反的语句中【注意】阅读填空一般是原短文的改写，所以必须注意原短文的内容、情景和一些关键词，对照原短文的句子和一些词汇、短语，然后用同义词汇、短语来替换短文填空要遵循原短文的内容和要点，不能脱离原作者的意思乱填空有一些空在遵循原短文的前提下，又需要适当发挥，答案可能不是唯一的请看下面例题阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容每空填写一个单词Katie Spotzisa22-year-old girlform America.She wantsto crossthe AtlanticOcean byboat.If shesucceeds,shell bethe youngestand thefirst Americanto finishthe2500-mile trip.Spotz begansailing whenshe was at university,but she has nevertried tosail sucha longway before.It willbea greatchallenge for her.In recentyears,shehasswum all the waydown the325-mile AlleghenyRiver andtraveledby bikefrom Seattleto Washington.Spotz knowsthat shemay seesome dangerousthings duringthe trip.It will be very dangerous if she meetsverybad weather inthemiddle ofthe sea.But shebelieves thatshe candeal with allthedifficulties.“I neverthought I could run26miles,“she said.But onceI finishedit,I realizedthat maybeIcoulddosomething evenmore difficult.”Spotz wantsto collectmoney bygoing onthis trip.She wantsto collectmoney for an organizationcalled“Blue Planetrun”.The organizationoffers free,safe drinkingwater topeoplewhoneed it.Itll takeher aboutthree monthsto finishthis trip.Good luckto thisbrave girland bestwishes toher!The ageof Spotz1______years oldThedistance ofthe trip2______milesA dangerousthing duringthe tripis the3______weatherThe purposeofthetrip to collect4____foran organizationThe tripwill takeAbout5______months.【答案与解析】122225003bad4money53/three根据短文第一句可知1Katie Spotzisa22-year-old girlform America.”根据短文第三句可知2shell bethe youngestand thefirst Americanto finishthe2500-mile trip.艮据第三段第二句3I It willbeverydangerousifshemeets verybad weatherinthemiddle ofthe sea”可知根据第五段的第二句可知4She wantstocollectmoney foranorganizationcalled“Blue Planetnm”.5根据最后一段第一句uIt9ll takeher aboutthree monthsto finishthis trip.可知阅读短文改写句子3这种题型要求在阅读材料的基础上，根据命题要求,改写文中划线的句子，或将文中的某一个句子译成英语或者汉语等这一形式涉及到写，就应当特别注意书写规范、拼写无误、语法正确等【注意】要认真分析短文中划线句子的语法结构，注意句子的时态、语态，是简单句还是复合句，然后根据要求进行句型改写要注意一些同义词短语的替换，为改写同义句打好基础句子的意思、时态不能改变，改变的是句子的不同表达方式对于一些翻译要注意英语和汉语的不同表达，切不可按照汉语的思维方式来翻译请看下面例题When Iwasachild,my parentsalways toldme thatI shouldnever talkto strangers.This waspart ofawhole listof thingsI shouldnever do:never acceptfood orcandy fromstrangers,never getin acar withstrangers,andsoon.But ifwe didntstart a conversation withstrangers,wed nevermake newfriends.Wed neverget a
①job.We maymiss thejoy thatcomes from talking withstrangers.And themore peopleyou know,the morechancesyou canfind.The followingpassage offersyou someadvice onhow to©break the ice.Dont juststare atyour shoes.Go andsay“Hi”to thatnew guy.Itwillbe easierto break theiceif youknowmore aboutdifferent cultures.British:Beautiful day,isnt itTheweatherinBritain ischangeable.So,its oneofthetopics the British caremost about.And there9sa
③simple rule:Say Yeswhether youagree with the personsidea onthe weatheror not.Thats becausetheBritish start a conversation using the weather sothattheycan continuetheir talk.French:Where didyou goon holidayTo talk with a French person,the safestway isto askabout hisor her last holiday.French studentsenjoy a（雇员）10-to-15-day holidayevery twomonths.French employeesget morethan sixweeks ofholidays peryear.American:So,where areyou from（来源）The USis sobig andpeople moveso oftenthat locationis alwaysa sourceof talk.You cantry tofinda connectionwiththeplace they123456re from.For example,if someonesfrom LosAngeles,you couldsay,Oh,I havea friendwho studiedthere.”（）将文中
①处划线句子翻译成汉语1将文中
②处划线短语翻译成汉语2将文中
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