非谓语动词常考知识用法必背

非谓语动词常考知识点用法必背

一、作宾语

（一）以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语（付得起）,（想要），（设法）,（拒绝），afford to do want to doto doto doexpectto do（期待）,agree to do（同意），fail decideto do（决定），determine to do（决心）,learn to do（学会），to do（未履行）,manage help（to）do（帮助）,offer hopeto do（希望），planpretend to do（假装）,promise to do（答应）,to do（主动提出）,refuse to do（计划），wish to do（希望）happen to do seemto do（觉得好像）,举例l.The driverfailed司机没能及时看见另一辆车to seethe othercar intime.我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案

1.1happen to know theanswer toyour question.他设法通过了驾驶考试

3.He managedt passthe driving test.我爸爸答应给我买一辆新单车

4.My fatherpromised tobuy mea newbike..他买不起昂贵的小车

5.He cantafford tobuy anexpensive car

（二）以下动词后,只能跟动名词作宾语（避免）,（考虑做），（乐于做）,（继续做）avoid doingconsider doingenjoy doingkeep doingfinishdoing（完成），suggest doing（建议做），dislikedoing（不喜欢）,，escapedoing（逃月兑）（介意），（错过），cannot helpdoing（禁不住），imagine doing（想象）mind doingmiss doing（练习），感激，欣赏practise doingappreciate我们决定从现在起努力学习

6.We decideto study hard fromnow on.举例.如果你们两人在同一个办公室做事，

1.You canhardly avoidmeeting herif youboth workin thesame office你几乎免不了要遇见她口.我们正考虑下午去购物

2.We areconsiderin goingshopping thisafternoon我喜欢周末在图书馆看书

3.1enjoy readingin thelibrary atweekend.这个小女孩没有在这次事故中受伤

4.The little girl escapedbeing injuredin theaccident.我们经常在早上练习说英语

5.We oftenpractice speakingEnglish in the morning.

6.I appreciatehaving beengiven theopportunity tostudy abroadtwo yearsago.我很感激两年前能有出国学习的机会.停下、、、去做另一件事计划/打算做某事尽力做某事stop to do meanto do try to dotry停止做某事意味着尝试做某事stop doingmean doing doingregret to do遗憾没有/要去做某事go onto do接着去做某事forget to do忘记去做某事forget后悔做了某事regret doing继续做某事忘记曾做过某事go ondoingdoing记得要去做某事remember to do记得曾做过某事remember doing

（四）作介词宾语devote to（doing）sth献身于，（）.反对,pay attentionto注意object to doing sthgetdown to开始着手做，导致，look forward to（doing）sth.盼望lead to放弃stick to坚持，be usedto（doing）sth习惯于等give updoingfeel like doing想要做某事keep ondoing继续insist on（doing）坚持

（三）以下动词后，既可跟动名词又可跟不定式作宾语，但意义不同e.g.

1.T amIcckin,forwardtoseeing youagain.

2.The littleboy feelslike beingtaken outside.

3.My grandfatheris usedtv cettingup earlyin themorning.

4.He hasdevoted hiswhole lifeto teaching.

（五）以下动词后，既可跟动名词又可跟不定式作宾语，但意义没有大区别开始做继续做begin to do begindoing startto dostart doingcontinue to do continuedoing liketo dolikedoing

二、作宾语补足语一动词不定式做宾补建议某人做.说服某人做advise sb.to dosth.persuade sb.to dosth.=persuade sb.into doing sth期望某人做.想要某人做expect sb.to dosth.would likesb.to dosth./want sb.to dosth允许某人做.禁止某人做allow sb.todosth.=permit sb.todosth forbidsb.todosth.鼓励某人做.宁愿某人做encourage sb.todosth prefersb.todosth.要求某人做提醒某人做tell/ask sb.todosth.remind sb.todosth..让某人做强迫某人做帮助某人做get sb.todosth forcesb.todosth.help sb.todosth.

1.My motheroften remindsme tostudyhard.

2.The teachergot us todosome readingpractice afterclass.

3.The workerswere forcedte workday andnight.

4.We encouragehim to have atry onceagain.

5.My classmatesadvise meto readEnglish aloudevery morning.

6.Children areforbidden teplay nearthe bank.

7.My grandmotherpersuaded him to giveup smoking.My grandmotherDersuaded himinto givingUD smoking.动作全过程做了某事动二主语+感官动词+宾语+see/watch/hear/notice/feel do作正在进行使役动词have/make/let/keep/finddoing表被动某人/事被、、、、I feltthe floormove.done1watched theglasses on the tablefall offonto the ground.We heardsomeone singingoutside the classroom.They sawhim playingbasketball onthe playground.I sawa thiefcauqht by the policejust now.Im sorrytohavekept youwaiting solong.He couldntmake himselfheard insuch anoisy room.We founda horsetied toa bigtree.三宾语表将来，表未做的动作with++todo表主动doing表完成、被动done.有很多作业要做，今天我们会很忙With lotsof homeworktodo,we willbe verybusy today.很多作业已完成了,今天我们不是很忙With lotsof homeworkdone,we arenot verybusy today.有老师的帮助，我们很容易就完成了作业

三、作With the teacher helpingus,we finishedthe homeworkeasily常见的词有有趣的令人激动的令人高兴的interesting excitingdelighting定语和表语（主要区别现在分词和过去分词）感兴趣的感到激动的感至」高兴的interested exciteddelighted Idisappointing令人失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的puzzling令人费解的disappointed感到失望的encouraged感到鼓舞的pleased感到愉快的puzzled感至U费解的令人满意的令人吃惊的令人担心的satisfying surprisingworrying感到满意的感到吃惊的感到担心的satisfied surprisedworriedWc arcsatisfied withthe satisfyinganswer.I amvery interested in the interesting story.The parentswere worried about theirworrying son.They weresurprised at the surprisingnews.The teacherwas disappointed toknow the disappointineresult.

四、其它常用结构

1.The heavy rain preventedav fromnoing outlast nightThe heavyrainstopped usfromnoing outlast night.Theheavyrain keptus fromxoinn outlast night.

2.The bosskept theworkers workingfrom morningto night.口今天晚上我花了两个小时完成我的作业.

2.1spent two hours infinishin myhomework thisevening..他浪费了大量的时间和金钱玩电脑游戏.4He wasteda lot of timeand moneyplaying computergames他们在和别人交流方面有困难.5They havesoma difficultyin communicatingwith others.因为糟糕的天气我们别无选择，只能把6We havenochoicebuttoput offthe meetingbecause of the badweather.会议延期.你现在什么都不能做，只能等回复7You candi nothingnow butwait forthe reply老师抓住那个学生正在考试作弊8The teachercauqht thatstudent cheatingin theexam.9It is/was brave/careless/kind/nice/honest/polite/rude/wrong ofsb.todosth.

1.It isvery kindof you to sayso.

2.It isrude ofyou toquarrel withtheteacher.

3.It washonest of himtoadmit whathe haddone.

4.It waswrong ofyou toplay computergames yesterday.10It is/was important/necessary/impossible/possible forsb.todosth.

1.It isimportant forustolearn Englishwell.

2.It isnecessary forthem toturn to the teachersfor advice.

一、分词作定语和表语练习用所给动词的适当形式填空，并总结归纳语法规则

1.Do youknowtheboy standingstandat thegate

2.Have youread thebook writtenwrite byLu Xun

3.The housebuiltbuild lastyear isour new library now.The housetobebuildbuild nextyear willbe ournew library.The housebeing builtbuildnow willbe ournewlibrary.

4.The girlreadingread over there ismy classmate.

5.He isvery_interestedintheinterestingstory,interest

6.They weredisappointedtohear thedisappointing news,disappoint

7.Alice readthe letterwith apuzzledpuzzle expression on herface.

8.The excitedexcitestudent didntknow whatto say.用法及常考知

9.There wasa worriedlook onthe mothersface.She wasworriedabouther worryingson.worry识点归纳动词现在分词与过去分词作定语和表语的区别1从时态和语态上区另U工现在分词表进行______________、主动_______________过去分词表完成、被动t单个分词作定语，一般放在所修饰的名词前面作前置定语;分词短语作定语，一般放在所修饰2的名词后面，作后置定语,意义相当于一个定语从句并可与之相转换;一些与感觉有关的及物动词，如等作定语和表语时，其现在分3exciting,excited;worrying,worried词和过去分词均已形容词化，但它们的含义不同「现在分词令人、、、的，表主语所具有的特征,多用来修饰物，即表语|或定语|sth+be+v-ing v-ing+sth.过去分词人感到、、、，表主语所处的状态，多用来指人以及和人有关的，如人的表情v・ed+expression,人的嗓音v・ed+voice等

二、非谓语动词分词和不定式作宾语补足语练习用所给动词的适当形式填空，并总结归纳语法规则

1.I sawan oldman_knockedknock downby a car.

2.I sawacar_knockingknock downan oldman.

3.I foundthe dogfollowingfollow a man.

4.I foundthe dogfollowedfollow bya man.

5.Listen!I heardher singingsingnext door.

6.I heardher singsingnext doorjust now.

7.I heardthe songsungsing byher nextdoor.

8.With a lot of problems tosolvesolve,the managerwill havea busyday.

9.With alot ofproblems solvedsolve,the managerfeels relaxednow.

10.With theworkers solvingsolvealotofproblemsfor him,the managerfeels veryrelaxed.用法及常考知识点归纳分词和不定式作宾语补足语非谓语动词在“感官类动词+宾语+宾语补足语”这一结构中作宾语补足语，有如下含义1「听见/看见某人做了某事…表动作的全过程do:hear/see/watch/notice/feel+sb./sth.+doing:，听见/看见某人正在做某事….表主动，进行［听见/看见某人/某事被•…表被动，完成done:非谓语动词在宾语+宾语补足语”这一结构中作宾语补足语，有如下含义2“with+表将要做/未做的动作todo:表主动进行With+sb./sth.+ydoing:________表被动，完成[done:非谓语动词在“使役类动词+宾语+宾语补足”这一结构中作宾语补足语的用法:3do havesbJsthdoing・4odoget+sb./sth.+J doneMngdone

三、非谓语动词作状语doingdone练习用所给动词的适当形式填空，并总结归纳语法规则

1.Seensee from the tower,the citylooks beautiful.

2.Seeingsee from the tower,we findthe peopleonthe ground looklike smallants.

3.She walkedout ofthe house,followed byher little daughter.follow

4.She walkedout ofthe house,_following herlittledaughter,follow

5.Hearing hearthe goodnews,we jumpedwith joy.

6.He arrivedat thestation hurriedly,only tofindfind thetrain hadleft.

7.The soldierswent tobattle field,never_to returnreturnagain.

8.The glassfell totheground,—brokenbreak topieces.

9.Judging judgefromtheexpression onhis face,he hadfailed thedriving testagain.

10.Generally speakingspeak,girls aremore carefulthan boys.用法及常考知识点归纳非谓语动词作状语1非谓语动词作状语可表原因，条件，时间，让步，方式,_______________________分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语一致2区别性在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的3Y主动关系过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系4部分由过去分词+介词”属于系表结构，作状语时不表示“被动关系、其前不用直接这样的|“be+be,过去分词及短语常见的有陷入某种状态、沉溺于、用过去分词表主语所处的状态be lostin beseated出身于、穿着、厌烦了坐着的、be bornin bedressed inbe tiredof,be facedbeabsorbed in面临着，因、、、而出名等with beknown as/for目的状语一般用不定式；5不定式与分词作结果状语时的区别6一般放在后，表示意料不到的，意外的结果todo:only,never主动，表示自然而然的结果或能意料得到的结果v-ing:一被动，v-ed:

四、综合练习1,Lost losein thought,he almostran intothe carin frontofhim.

2.Strictly speakingspeak,When_takentake accordingtothedirections,the drughas noside effect.

3.With alotofdifficult problemsto settlesettle,the newly-elected presidentis havinga hardtime.

4.Cleaning womenin bigcities usuallyget paidpaybythehour.

4.1meant tobuy anevening paper,but Ididnt seeanyone_sellingsell them.

6.Just nowI sawaman__walkingwalk inthe street,with alittlegirlseatedseat onhis shoulder.

7.The thiefwas caught_stealingsteal goodsinthesupermarket again.

8.—Judging judgefromtheexpressiononhis face,he hadfailed thedrivingtestagain.

9.—Not knowingnotknow histelephone number,she losttouch withhim.

10.With thetest finishedfinish,we beganto analyzethe result.

11..The carwas heldup bythe snowstorm,thus_causingcause thedelay.

12.The glassfell totheground,—brokenbreak topieces.

13.Dresseddress ina whiteshirt,the girllooks beautiful.

14.When facedfacewith danger,we shouldkeep calm.

15.The curtainhanginghang onthe windowovertherelooks beautiful.

16.The lostlosechild wasfound atlast.The missingmisschild wasfound atlast.

17.1found many villagers seatedseatatthe back oftheclassroom.I foundmanyvillagerssittingsit atthebackoftheclassroom.型过去式、过去分词与原形一致不规则动词过去式过去分词巧记表AAA原形过去式过去分词cut cutcutshut shutshut现在分词词义put putput切、割cuttinglet letlet关、闭（门窗）shuttingset setset放置puttinghit hithit让lettinghurt hurthurt设置settingcost costcost矗击hittingread[ri:d]read[red]read[red]受伤；疼痛hurting值…钱；花费costing读；阅读reading型过去式与原形一致AAB击败beat beatbeaten beating型过去分词与原形一致ABA跑步；逃跑run ranrun comerunning来come camebecome comingbecomebecame becoming变得；成为型过去式与过去分词一致ABB boughtbuybought foughtbuying买fight foughtthought fighting打架；打仗think thoughtsought thinking想；认为seek soughtbroughtseeking寻找；探究bring broughtbringing带来抓住；接住catch caughtcaught catchingteachtaught教；教书taught teachinglendlent lentlending借出send sentsent sending送；派遣spend buildspent builtspent builtspending花费（时间、金钱）building建设；建立感觉；摸起来feel feltfelt feelingleaveleft leftleaving离开保持；保留keep keptkept keepingsleepslept sleptsleeping睡觉oversleep oversleptoverslept oversleeping睡过头sweep sweptswept sweeping打扫意思是mean[mi:n]meant[ment]meant[ment]meaninglearn learnt/learned learnt/learned learning学；学会burn burnt/burned burnt/burned burning燃烧；烧伤hear heardheard hearing听见领导；致使lead ledled leadingmisleadmisled misledmisleading把…引错方向feed fedfed feeding喂养；喂食flee fledfled fleeing逃跑meet metmet meeting遇见；碰到shoot shotshot shooting射击light lit/lighted lit/lighted lighting点燃获得；得到get gotgot getting获胜；赢得win wonwon winningsitsat satsitting坐下挖掘dig dugdug diggingstickstuck stucksticking刺；戳悬挂hang hunghung hanginghanghanged hangedhanging绞死出售sell soldsold sellingtelltold toldtelling告诉smell smeltsmelt smelling闻；嗅拼写spell speltspelt spellingholdheld heldholding拿着；握住找到；发现find foundfound finding站立stand stoodstood standingunderstandunderstood understoodunderstanding理解下蛋lay laidlaid laying付款pay paidpaid payingsay[sei]said[sed]said[sed]saying说have/has hadhad having有make mademade making制作shine shone/shined shone/shined shining照耀丢失lose[lu:z]lost[IRst]lost[IRst]losing型原形、过去式、过去分词不一致ABC开始begin beganbegun beginningdrinkdrank drunkdrinking喝；饮铃（响）;打电话ring rangrung ringing唱歌sing sangsung singingsinksank sunksinking下沉swim swamswum swimming游泳吹；刮风blow blewblown blowingflewflown flying;放（风筝）flyknow knew[nju:]known knowing飞知道；懂得种植；生长grow grewgrown growingthrowthrew thrownthrowing扔；投draw drewdrawn drawing绘画出示；给…看show showedshown showingbreakbroke brokenbreaking打破；不服从说话speak spokespoken speakingstealstole stolenstealing偷choose chosechosen choosing选择freeze frozefrozen freezing冻结wake wokewoke/woken wakingj醒来；唤醒forget forgotforgotten forgetting忘记拿走take tooktaken takingmistakemistook mistakenmistaking错拿shake shookshaken shaking摇动；握（手）eat ateeaten eating吃fall fellfallen falling落卜；摔倒rise roserisen[rizn]rising上升；上涨drive drovedriven[drivn]driving驾驶give gavegiven giving给forgive forgaveforgiven forgiving原谅see sawseen seeing看见骑（车、马）ride roderidden ridinghidehid hiddenhiding躲藏bite bitbitten biting咬forbid forbade/forbad forbiddenforbidding禁止；不许write wrotewritten writing书写忍受bear boreborn bearingteartore torntearing撕破wear woreworn wearing穿、戴（衣帽等）是am/is wasbeen是are werebeendo/does diddone doing做go wentgone goinglielay lainlying躺；卧。