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《经济学人》常用词汇总结绝对优势
1.Absolute advantage逆向选择
2.Adverse choice选择成本
3.Alternative cost需求的弧弹性
4.Arc elasticityof demand非对称的信息
5.Asymmetric information平均成本
6.Average cost、平均固定成本7Average fixedcost、平均产品8Average product、平均可变成本9Average variablecost、投资的10Beta B债券收益
11.Bond yield收支平衡图
12.Break-even chart预算线
13.Budget line捆绑销售
14.Bunding资本
15.Capital资本收益
16.Capital gain、资本主义17Capitalism、基数效应18Cardinal utility、卡特尔19Cartel、科布-道格拉斯生产函数20Cobb-Douglas productionfunction勾结
21.Collision比较优势
22.Comparative advantage互补品
23.Complements成本不变行业
24.Constant-cost industry规模收益不变
25.Constant returns to scale消费者剩余
26.Consumer surplus、可竞争市场27Contestable market契约曲线28Contract curve、角点解29Corner solution、需求的交叉弹性30Cross elasticityof demand垄断的无谓损失
31.Deadweight lossof monopoly买方垄断的无谓损失
32.Deadweight lossof monopsony成本递减彳亍业
33.Decreasing-cost industry规模收益递减
34.Decreasing returnto scale成本推动的通货膨胀
313.Cost-push inflation总成本
314.Cost,total可变成本
315.Cost,variable爬行滑动钉住
316.Crawling orslidingpeg、信贷317Credit需求的交叉弹性318Cross elasticityof demand挤出效应假说319Crowding-out hypothesis通货320Currency通货升值或贬值
321.Currency appreciationor depreciation经常帐户见贸易余额
322.Current accountbalance oftrade周期预算
323.Cyclical budget周期性失业
324.Cyclical unemployment净损失
325.Deadweight loss借方
326.Debit规模报酬递减327Decreasing returnsto scale、赤字性支出328Deficit spending、经济数据紧缩329Deflating ofeconomic data、通货紧缩330Deflation需求曲线或需求表
331.Demand curveor demandschedule货币需求
332.Demand for money需求拉动型通货膨胀
333.Demand-pull inflation人口学
334.Demography资产折旧
335.Depreciation of an asset通货贬值
336.Depreciation of a currency萧条337Depression派生需求338Derived demand降值339Devaluation、发展中国家见欠发达国家340Developing countryless developedcountry差异产品
341.Differentiated products边际效用递减规律
342.Diminishing marginalutility,law of收益递减规律
343.Diminishing returns,law of直接税
344.Direct taxes贴现率
345.Discount rate未来收入折现
346.Discounting offuture income、歧视347Discrimination、非均衡348Disequilibrium、反通货膨胀349Disinflation可支配收入350Disposable incomeDI个人可支配收入
351.Disposable personalincome负储蓄
352.Dissaving劳动分工354Division oflabor、占优均衡见占优战略355Dominant equilibriumdominant strategy占优战略356Dominant strategy需求向下倾斜规律357Downward—sloping demand,law of、双头垄断358Duopoly、双头垄断价格战359Duopoly pricewar宽松的货币政策360Easy—money policy经济计量学
361.Econometrics经济物品
362.Economic goods、经济增长363Economic growth经济管制364Economic reguation、经济租金见“经济租金365Economic rentrent,economic经济剩余366Economic surplus信息经济学367Economics ofinformation、规模经济368Economies ofscale广度经济369Economies ofscope有效税率370Effective taxrate效率
371.Efficiency有效工资理论
372.Efficiency—wage theory有效市场373Efficient market弹性374Elasticity就业者参见“失业375Employed unemployment等成本线376Equal—cost line等产量线377Equal—product curveor isoquant均衡378Equilibrium厂商均衡379Equilibrum fora businessfirm单个消费者的均衡380Equilibrium forthe individualconsumer竞争均衡见竞争均衡、381Equilibrium,competitive competitiveequilibrium382一般均衡见一般均衡分析Equilibrium,general general—equilibrium analysis、宏观经济均衡383Equilibrium,macroeconomic等边际法则384Equimarginal principle汇率见夕卜汇汇率385Exchange rateforeign exchangerate汇率制度386Exchange-rate system消费税和销售税387Excise taxvs.sales tax、排他原则388Exclusion principle、夕卜生变量和弓致变量389Exogenous vs.induced variablesI预期390Expectations支出乘数参见乘数用391Expenditure multipliermu plier、出口392Exports、外部不经济393External diseconomies外部经济394External economies、夕卜部变量同夕卜生变量395External variablesexogenous variables外部性396Externalities生产要素397Factors of production、合成谬误398Fallacy ofcomposition、联邦储备系统399Federa.Reserv.Syste.美国的中央银行centr.bank,法定货币400Fia.mone没有内在价值intrinsi.value.最终产品401Fina.good、.金融经济学402Financia.economic、.金融中介403Financia.intermediar.厂商404Firm busines.firm、财政-货币政策组合405Fiscal-monetar.mi..财政政策406Fisca.polic.固定成…见固定成本407Fisca.cos cost,fixed、固定匚.见夕卜》匚，匚率408Fixe.exchang.rat.・foreig.exchang.rate、.弹性汇率制409,浮动汇率..见弹性汇率制
410.流量与存量
411.夕卜》匚412Foreig.exchang.夕卜匚市场
4137.夕卜汇汇率
414.四企业集中,,见集中度415concentratio.ratio、部分准备金416Fractional-reserv.bankin.免费品417Free goods不属于经济品economic goods自由贸易418Free trade磨擦性失业419Frictional unemployment、充分就业420Full employment贸易利得
421.Gains fromtrade急剧的通货膨胀见通货膨胀
422.Galloping inflation inflation博弈论
423.Game theory一般均衡分析
424.General-equilibrium analysis紧缩指数
425.GDP deflatorGDP缺口
426.GDP gapGDP国民生产总值见国民生产总值427GNP glossnational product、全本位制428Gold standard、政府债务429Government debt、政府支出乘数430Goverment expendituremultiplier累进所得税见个人所得税
431.Graduated income tax incometax,personal格雷欣法则
432.Greshams Law名义国内生产总值或名
433.Gross domestic product,nominal ornominal GDP义GDP实际国内生产总值实际
434.Gross domesticproduct,real GDP名义国民生产总值或名义
435.Gross nationalproduct,nominal GNP实际国民生产总值实际
436.Gross nationalproduct,real GNP增长核算437Growth accounting、套期保值438Hedging、高能货币见基础货币439High-powered moneymonetary base、横向平等与纵向平等440Horizontal equityvs.vertical equity横向整合见纵向整合与横向整合
441.Horizontal integrationintegration,vertical vs.horizontal横向兼井见兼并
442.Horizontal mergermerger人力资本
443.Human capital恶性通货膨胀见通货膨胀
444.Hyperinflation inflation不完全竞争见不完全竞争
445.Imperfect competitioncompetition,imperfect不完全竞争者
446.Imperfect competitor隐性成本要素447Implicit—cost elements显性货币成本explicit moneycosts、进口见出口448Imports exports不可分拨性见不可分拨449Inappropriability inappropriable不可分拨450Inappropriable归宿，或税赋归宿451Incidence ortax incidence、收入452Income价格变动的收入效应
453.Income effectofaprice change需求的收入弹性
454.Income elasticityof demand收益表
455.Income statement负所得税见负所得税
456.Income tax,negative egativeincometax个人所得税457Income tax,personal货币的收入周转率458Income velocity of money收入政策459Incomes policy递增的规模报酬见规模报酬460Increasing returnsto scalereturns toscale独立品461Independent goods指数化
462.Indexing orindexation无差异曲线
463.Indifference curve无差异曲线图
464.indifference map间接税见直接税
465.Indirect taxesdirect taxes引致变量
466.Induced variables产业467Industry惯性通货膨胀率468Inertial rate of inflation幼稚产业469Infant industry低档品或劣等品470Inferior goods通货膨胀或通货膨胀率
471.Inflation orinflation rate通货膨胀目标
472.Inflation targeting创新
473.Innovation投入474dnputs保险
475.Insurance纵向整合和横向整合
476.Integration,vertical vs.horizontal、知识产权477Intellectual propertyrights利息478Interest利率479Interest rate中间产品480Intermediate goods国际货币
481.International monetarysystem alsoInternational financialsystem制度国际金融体系干预
482.Intervention货币的内在价值
483.Intrinsic value of money发明
484.Invention投资
485.Investment看不见的手487Invisible hand、非自愿失业见失业488Involuntarily unemployedunemployment工资铁律489Iron law of wages等产量见等产量曲线490Isoquant equalproduct curve凯恩斯经济学
491.Keynesian economics凯恩斯学派见凯恩斯主义经济学
492.Keynesian schoolKeynesian economics劳动力
493.Labor force劳动力参与率
494.Labor—force participstionrate劳动生产率见生产率
495.Labor productivityproductivity劳动供给
496.Labor supply、劳动价值论497Labor theory of value、11自由放任“别来管我”498Laissez-faire leaveus along、土地499Land生产的最低成本法则500Least—cost ruleof production法定清偿物
501.Legal tender欠发达国家
502.Less developedcountry LDC负债
503.Liabilities自由放任主义
504.Libertarianism有限责任
505.Limited Liability长期
506.Long run长期总供给表507Long-run aggregatesupply schedule洛伦茨曲线508Lorenz curve最低可持续失业率509Lowest sustainablerateofunemployment orLSUR劳动合成谬误510Lump—of—labor fallacy参见货币供应
511.M
1.M2money supplyo、宏观经济学见微观经济学，512Macroeconomics microeconomics马尔萨斯人口增长理论513Malthusian theory of populationgrowth管理汇率制514Managed exchangerate边际成本参见成本边际515Marginal costcost,marginal边际原则516Marginal principle边际产品517Marginal ProductMP分配的边际产品理论518Marginal producttheoryofdistribution边际消费倾向519Marginal propensityof consumeMFC、边际进口倾向520Marginal propensityto importMPm边际储蓄倾向
521.Marginal propensityto saveMPS、边际收益522Margina revenueMR、一种投入的边际收益产品523Marginal revenueproduct ofan input,MRP、边际税率524Marginal taxrate、边际效用525Marginal utilityMU、市场526Market市场经济527Market economy、市场均衡528Market equilibrium、市场不灵529Market failure市场权力530Market power市场份额
531.Market share、加成定价制532Markup pricing、马克思主义533Marxism均值534Mean、中位数535Median重商主义536Mercantilism、商品贸易余额参见贸易余额537Merchandise trade balance tradebalance、兼并538Merger、微观经济学539Microeconomics、最低成本参见成本最低540Minimum costcost,minimum混合经济
541.Mixed economy、模型542Model、温和的通货膨胀见通货膨胀543Moderate inflationinflation、瞬期544Momentary run、货币主义545Monetarism、货币基础546Monetary base、货币经济547Monetary economy、货币政策548Monetary policy、货币规则549Monetary rule、货币传导机制550Monetary transmissionmechanism货币联盟
551.Monetary union、货币552Money、货币需求表553Money demandschedule货币资金554Money funds、货币市场555Money market、货币供应556Money supply货币供给效应557Money—supply effect、货币供给乘数558Money—supply multiplier、货币周转率见货币周转率559Money,velocity ofvelocityofmoney、垄断竞争560Monopolistic competition垄断
561.Monopoly、买方垄断562Monopsony、道德危险563Moral hazard、见边际消费倾向564MPC、见边际储蓄倾向565MPS、乘数566Multiplier乘数模型567Multiplier model、纳什均衡568Nash equilibrium、国家债务569National debt国民收入和生产帐户570National incomeand productaccountingNIPA国民储蓄率571National savingsrate自然垄断572Natural monopoly、准货币”573Near money负所得税574Negative incometax新古典增长模型575Neoclassical modelof growth国内净产出576Net domesticproduct NDP、净经济福利577Net economicwefare NEW净出口578Net exports净国外投资579Net foreigninvestment、净投资580Net investment、国民生产净581Net nationalproduct NNP、净值582Net worth、新古典宏观经济学583New classicalmacroeconomics、见国民生产净值584NNP、名义国内生产总值见名义国内生产总值585Nominal GDPgossdomestic product,nominal、名义国民生产总值见名义国民生产总值586Nominal GNPgrossnational product,nominal名义或货币利率587Nominal ormoney interestrate、非合作均衡见纳什均衡588Noncooperative equilibriumNash equilibrium、不可更新资589Nonrenewable resources不属于劳动力591Not inthe laborforce、可转让支付命令活期存款帐592NOW Negotiableorder ofwithdrawal account户、f奥肯法则593Okun slaw、寡头594Oligopoly、开放经济595Open economy用开放经济乘数596Open—economy muplier、公开市场业务597Open—market operations、.机会成本598Opportunit.cos、,序数效用599Ordina.utiht其他因素不变600Othe.thing.constan..产出
601.Output.节约体论
602.Parado.O.thrif.价值悖论
603.ParadoQ.valu》向.相加世丫》向.^^的.帕累托效率或帕累托最优,见配置效率604260221allocativ.effciencyo局部均衡分析
605.Partial—equilibriu.analyst合伙制
606.Partnershi..专利607Paten、.支付矩阵608Payof.tabl.支.见支付矩阵609Payoff payof.table□.完全竞.••参见完全竞争610Perfec.competitio competition,perfect个人收入
611.Persona.incom.个人储蓄
612.Persona.savin.个人储蓄率
613.Persona.saving.rat.修师.菲利普斯曲线614F32政策无效性定理
615.Polic.ineffectivenes.theore.投资组合理论
616.Portfoli.theor.、实证经济….参见规范经济学与实证经济学617Positiv.economic.后此谬误618Pos.ho.fallac.、潜在619Potentia.GD.GDP、潜在产…与潜在同义620Potentia.outpu.GDP potentia.GDP贫困
621.Povert.生产可能性边界
622.PP.production—possibilit.frontier资产的现值
623.Presen.valueo.a.asset.有价格弹性的需求或有弹性的需求
624.Price-elasti.deman.,需求的价格弹性
625.Price—elasticit.o.deman供给的价格弹性
626.Pric.elasticit.o.supply,价格灵活性627Pric.flexibilit、.价格指数628Pric.inde、无价格弹性的需求或无弹性的需求629Price-inelasti.deman.、私人…见公共品630Privat.good.publi.goods.生产者价格指数
631.Produce,pric.inde平均产见平均产品
632.Product,averag.・・averag.product.产品差另
633.Produc.differentiatio ij边际产见边际产品
634.Product,margina.・・Margina.product.生产函数
635.Productio.functio.生产可能性边界
636.Production—possibilit.frontier PPF、生产率637Productivit.、.生产率增长638Productivit.growt、净资本生产..参见收益率639Productivit.o.capital,ne.rat.o.return、,生产率减速640Productivit.slowdow.利润
641.Prof i损益表报告书
642.Profit—and—los.statemen..累进税、比例税和累退税.产权
644.Propertright比例税
645.Proportiona.ta.需求曲线
35.Demand curve可贷资金的需求曲线
36.Demand curveof loanablefunds、贴现率37Discount rate、可分散风险38Diversifiable risk、主导厂商39Dominant firm、优势策略40Dominant strategy双头垄断
41.Duopoly经济效率
42.Economic efficiency经济利润
43.Economic profit生产的经济区域
44.Economic regionof production经济资源
45.Economic resource范围经济
46.Economies ofscope、有效市场假说47Efficient marketshypothesis、财富状况48Endowment position、恩格尔曲线49Engel curve、均衡50Equilibrium过剩生产能力
51.Excess capacity扩张路径
52.Expansion path期望货币价值
53.Expected monetaryvale预期利润
54.Expected profit
55.Expected valueof perfectinformation显成本
56.Explicit costs、夕卜夸不经济57External diseconomyB、外部经济58External economy、先动优势59First-mover advantages、固定成本60Fixed cost不变投入品
61.Fixed input一般均衡分析
62.General equilibriumanalysis吉芬反论
63.Giffen,s paradox隐成本
64.Implicit cost收入补偿的需求曲线
65.Income-compensated demandcurve收入-消费曲线
66.Income-consumption curve、收入效应67Income effect需求的收入弹性68Income elasticityof demand成本递增的产业69Increasing-cost industry.个人业主制企业
646.Proprietorshi.individua、.保护主义647Protectionis、.公共选择648Publi.choic、.公共债…见政府债务649Publi.deb governmen.debt、公共品650Publi.goo.需…见需求变化与需求量变化
652.Quantit.demande.chang.i.demand祖.口力交易数量方程
653.
0811641120.0£*2119,供给量
654.Quantit.supplie.祖由匚货币数量理论
655.0811・300,
010116.酉己额
656.Quot.股市价格的随机行走理见657Random—wal.theoryo.stoc.marke.prices.・・・・有效市场理论efficient—marke.theory、通货膨胀率见通货膨胀658Rate ofinflationinflation、资本收益率或资本收益659Rate of return orreturn oncapital、理性预期假说660Rational—expectations hypothgsis理性预期宏观经济学
661.Rational—expectations macroeconomics真实商业周期理论
662.Real-business-cycle theory实际见实际的国内总产值
663.Real GDPGDP grossdomesticproduct,real实际利率
664.Real interestrate实际工资
665.Real wages衰退
666.Recession累退税参见累进税、比例税和累退税667Regressive taxprogressive,proportional,and regressivetaxes、管制668Regulation经济租或纯经济租670Rent,economic orpure economicrent法定准备金见银行准备金
671.Required reservesreserves,banko银行准备金
672.Reserves,bank国际储备
673.Reserves,international资源配置
674.Resource allocation规模收益
675.Returns to scale货币增值
676.Revaluation、风险677Risk风险规避678Risk averse、风险分摊679Risk spreading、规则680Rule of7070销售税
681.Sales tax储蓄函数
682.Savings function萨伊市场定律
683.Says lawof markets稀缺性
684.Scarcity稀缺规律
685.Scarcity,lawof证券
686.Securities短期687Short run、短期总供给表688Short-run aggregatesupply schedule、停业价格或停业点、停业原则689Shutdown priceor point,or rule、单一税运动690Single—tax movement斜率
691.Slope社会保险
692.Social insurance社会分摊资本
693.Social overheadcapital社会管制见管制
694.Social regulationregulation社会主义
695.Socialism投机者
696.Speculator外溢与外部性同义697Spillovers externaHties、滞胀698Stagflation、统计歧视699Statistical discrimination普通股票参见普通股票700Stock,common commonstock股票市场
701.Stock market存量与流量
702.Stock vs.flow策略互动
793.Strategic interaction结构性预算7O
4.Structural budget结构性失业
705.Structural unemployment补贴7O
6.Subsidy替代品707Substitutes价格变动的替代效应708Substitution effectofaprice change替代原则709Substitution rue供给曲线或供给表710Supply curveor supplyschedule供给冲击
711.Supply Shock供给学派经济学
712.Supply—side economics关税
713.Tariff税收归宿见归宿
714.Tax incidenceincidence技术变革
715.Technological change技术进步见技术变革
716.Technological progresstechnological change、国际贸易中的贸易条件717Terms oftrade in international trade收入分配理论718Theory ofincome distribution紧缩性货币政策719Tight-money policy定期存款720Time deposit符号货币
721.Token money总成本参见总成本
722.Total costcost,total全要素生产率
723.Total factorProducitivity总产品或总产量
724.Total productor output总收入
725.Total revenue贸易余额或商品贸易余额参见
726.Trade balanceor merchandisetradebalance贸易余额balance oftrade贸易壁垒727Trade barrier货币的交易需求见货币需求728Transactions demand for moneydemandfor money、交易货币729Transaction money政府转移支付730Transfer payments,government短期国库券
731.Treasury billsT-bills地下经济732Underground—economy失业者733Unemployed失业734Unemployment失业率736Unemployment rate单位弹性需求737Unit—elastic demand无限责任见有限责任738Unlimited liabilitylimited liability、高利贷739Usury效用或总效用740Utility alsototal utility、效用可能性边界741Utility-possibility frontier、附加价值742Value added、增值税743Value-added taxVAT价值悖论见价值悖论744Value,paradox ofparadox ofvalue变量745Variable可变成本746Variable cost货币周转率747Velocity ofmoney、纵向整合748Vertical integration纵向兼并749Vertical merger自愿失业750Voluntary unemployment、财富751Wealth福利经济学752Welfare economics福利国家753Welfare state什么、如何和为谁754What howandforWhom3胜者全得博弈755Winner—take—all game收益
756.Yield零利润点757Zero-profit-point自由资源758Free resources边际效用递减率759Law ofdiminishing marginalutility规模收益递增70Increasing returnsto scale无差异曲线
71.Indifference curve劣质商品
72.Inferior good创新
73.Innovation投入品
74.Input利率
75.Interest rate中间品
76.Intermediate good内部收益率77Internal rateofreturn投资78Investment投资需求曲线79Investment demandcurve等成本曲线80Isocost curve等利润曲线
81.Isoprof itcurve等产量曲线
1.150oquant等收益线
1.151orevenue line折弯的需求曲线
84.Kinked demandcurve劳动
85.Labor土地
86.Land、边际收益递减率87Law ofdiminishing marginalreturns、勒纳指数88Lerner index学习曲线89Learning curve、限制性定价90Limit pricing长期
91.Long run边际成本
92.Marginal cost边际成本定价
93.Marginal costpricing边际支出曲线
94.Marginal expenditurecurve边际产品
95.Marginal product边际产品转换率
96.Marginal rateofproducttransformation、边际替代率97Marginal rateof substitution、边际收益98Marginal revenue、边际收益产品99Marginal revenueproduct边际效用100Marginal utility市场
101.Market市场需求曲线
102.Market demandcurve市场周期
103.Market period市场结构
104.
1.arket structure市场供给表
105.Market supplyschedule加成定价
106.Markup pricing最大最小策略107Maximin strategy微观经济学108Microeconomics厂的最小有效规模109^Minmum efficientsize ofplant I、模型110Model货币收入
111.Money income垄断竞争
112.Monopolistic competition垄断
113.Monopoly买方垄断
114.Monopsony道德风险
115.Moral hazard跨国公司
116.Multinational firm多厂垄断117Multiplant monopoly多产品厂商118Multiproduct firm共同基金119Mutual fund纳什均衡120Nash equilibrium自然垄断
121.Natural monopoly净现值规则
122.Net-Present-Value Rule不可分散的风险
123.Nondiversifiable risk非价格竞争
124.Nonprice competition正常商品
125.Normal goods寡头垄断126Qligopoly、买方寡头垄断127Oligopsony机会成本128Opportunity cost最优投入品组合129Optimal inputcombination序数效用130Ordinal utility帕累托标准
131.Pareto criterion局部均衡分析
132.Partial equilibriumanalysis货币收益
133.Pecuniary benefits完全竞争
134.Perfect Competition不可兑换的公司债券
135.Perpetuity掠夺性定价
136.Predatory pricing现值137Present value最高限价138Price ceiling价格-消费曲线139Pric-consumption curve、价格歧视140Price discrimination富有价格弹性
141.Price elastic需求的价格弹性
142.Price elasticityof demand供给的价格弹性
143.Price elasticityof supply最低限价
144.Price floor缺乏价格弹性
145.Price inelastic价格领导者
146.Price leader价格系统147Price system委托-代理问题148Principal-agent problem囚犯困境149Prisoners dilemma私人成本150Private cost概率
151.Probability生产者剩余
152.Producer surplus生产可能性曲线
153.Production possibilitiescurve生产函数
154.Production function利润
156.Profit公共物品157Public good准租金158Quasi-rent配额159^Quota、射线160Ray反应曲线
161.Reaction curve真实收益
162.Real benefits租金
163.Rent脊线
164.Ridge lines风险
165.Risk风险厌恶者
166.Risk averter风险爱好者167Risk lover风险中性168Risk neutral储蓄169Saving二级价格歧视170Second-degree Pricediscrimination销售费用
167.Selling expenses短期
168.Short run社会成本
169.Social cost静态效率
170.Static efficiency策略举措
171.Strategic move替代品
176.Substitutes替代效应177Substitution effect供给曲线178Supply curve可贷资金的供给曲线179Supply curveof loanablefunds目标收益180Target return关税
181.Tariff技术进步
182.Technological changes技术
183.Technology三级价格歧视
184.Third—degree pricediscrimination针锋相对
185.Tit fortat总成本
186.Total cost总成本函数187Total costfunction总固定成本188Total cost总收益189Total revenue总剩余190Total surplus总效用
191.Total utility总可变成本
192.Total variablecost贸易可能性曲线
193.Trading possibilitiescurve交易成本门194Transaction cost可转让的排放许可证195Transferable emissionspermits双重收费196Two-part tariff、搭售197Tying单位弹性198Unitary elasticity效用199Utility效用可能性曲线200Utility ofpossibility curve边际产品价值
201.Value ofmarginal product可变成本
202.Variable cost可变投入品
203.Variable input冯•纽曼―摩根斯坦效用函数204von Neumann-Morgenstern utilityfunction赢者的诅咒204Winners curse税收的支付能力原则205Ability—to—pay principleof taxation国际贸易中的绝对优势206Absolute advantageininternational trade加速原理207Accelerator principle实际预算、周期预算和结构预算208Actual,cycical andstructual budget适用性预期209Adaptive expectations、可调整钉住210Adjustable peg管理或非浮动价格
211.Administered orinflexible prices逆向选择
212.Adverse selection总需求
213.Aggregate demand总需求曲线214Aggregate demandAD curve总供给215Aggregate supply总供给曲线216Aggregate suppyAScurve配置效率217Allocative efficiency反托拉斯法218Antitrust legislation通货升值219Appreciation ofa currency、可分拨220Appropriable套利
221.Arbitrage资产
222.Asset、货币的资产需求223Asset demandformoney、自动或内在稳定器224Automatic orbuilt-in stabilizers、平均成本225Average cost、或长期平均成本曲线226verage costcurve,long-runLRAC LAC、或短期平均成本曲线227Average costcurve,short-runSRAC SAC、平均固定成本228Average fixedcost、平均产品229Average product平均消费倾向230Average propensityto consume平均收益231Average revenue、平均可变成本232Average variablecost、国际收支平衡表233Balance ofinternational payment、贸易余额234Balance oftrade、经常项目余额235Balance ofcurrent account资产负债表236Balance sheet平衡预算237Balanced budget、商业银行238Bank,commercial、银行货币239Bank money银行准备会240bank reserves、进入壁垒241Barriers toentry、易货贸易242Barter、税收的受益原则243Benefit principleof taxation、债券244Bond、宏观经济学中的收支相抵点245Break-even pointin macroeconomics、布雷顿森林体系246Bretton woodsSystem、广义货币247Broad money、预算248Budget、平衡预算249Budget,balanced、预算约束250Budget constraint预算赤字
251.Budget deficit政府预算
252.Budget,government预算线
253.Budget line预算盈余
254.Budget surplus内在稳定器见自动稳定器
255.Built-in stabilizersautomatic stabilizers商业周期
256.Business cycles、或表257C+l,C+l+G,orC+l+G+X scheduleC+IC+I+G C+l+G+X、资本资本商品，资本设备258Capitalcapital goods,capital equipment、资本消耗补偿见折旧259Capital consumptionallowance depreciation、资本深化260Capital deepening资本利得261Capital gains、资本市场262Capital markets资本-产出比率
263.Capital—output ratio、资本广化264Capital widening、资本主义265Capitalism、基数效用266Cardinal utility、卡特尔267Cartel、中央银行268Central bank、需求变化与需求量的269Change indemand vs.change inquantity demanded变化供给变动与供给且的变动270Change insupply vs.supply inquantity支票帐户或银行货币271Checking accountor bankmoney经济学芝加哥学派272Chicago Schoolof Economics古典理论273Classical approach古典经济学274Classical economics宏观经济学中的古典理论275Classical theoriesin macroeconomics市场出清
276.Clearing market封闭经济见开放经济277Closed economyopen economy科斯定理278Coase theorem、集体谈判279Collective bargaining、勾结280Collusion寡头勾结垄断
281.Collusive oligopoly指令经济
282.Command economy商品货币
283.Commodity money普通股票
284.Common stock共产主义
285.Communism（）（国际贸易中的）比较优势
286.Comparative advantageininternationaltrade补偿性（工资）差异287Compensating differentials、不完全竞争288Competition,imperfect、完全竞争289Competion,perfect竞争均衡290Competitve equilibrium竞争性市场
291.Competitive market互补品
292.Complements复利
293.Compound interest集中度
294.Concentration ratio混合联合企业
295.Conglomerate混合兼并见兼并（）
296.Conglomerate mergermerger规模报酬不变见规模报酬（）297Constant returnstoscalereturnstoscale、消费者价格指数（）298Consumer priceindex CPI、消费者剩余299Consumer surplus消费300Consumption消费函数
301.Consumption function消费可能线见预算线（）
302.Consumption-possibility linebudget line合作性均衡
303.Cooperative equilibrium公司所得税
304.Corporate incometax公司
305.Corporation相关
306.Correlation平均成本307Cost,average平均固定成本308Cost,average fixed平均可变成本309Cost,average variable固定成本310Cost,fixed边际成本
311.Cost,marginal最低成本
312.Cost,minimum。
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