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动名词的用法动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式,由动词构成,否定形式为具
1.+ing notdoing,有动词和名词的性质,在句中起名词作用,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语)作主语1动名词是由动词变化而来,所以,动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情例如:Walkin.i.goo.exercise.走路是很好的运动.眼见为实Seein.i.believing吸烟可能导致癌症Smokin.ma.caus.cancer.Comin.t.Hangzho.b.trai.take.abou.
1.hours..乘火车到杭州要个小时16游泳可以发展肌肉Swimmin.develop,th.muscles.动名词作主语时,对于一些比较长的动名词短语,一般采用“和It iS……”两种句式来表示例如There isLtake.m.te.minute.t.ge.hom.fro.m.office.我从办公室回家要花十分钟.把它复制三份需要时间和你谈话很高兴.It.nic.talkin.wit.you.…It.n.us.arguin.wit.him..跟他争论没用.to.lat.already.派他去没用,已经太晚了Lwa.ver.difficul.gettin.everythin.read.i.time.要把一切按时准备好很困难I.i.n.us.waitin.fo.hi.an.longer.等他是没有用的Li.n.goo.learnin.withou.practice.学而不实践是没好处的
1.
1.dangerou.usin.thi.metho.t.measur.th.spee.o.light.用这种方法去测量光速是危险的II.worthwhil.consultin.you.tuto.abou.i.again.很值得再向你的指导老师咨询一下这个问题Ther.i.n.jokin.abou.sue.matters.这种事开不得玩笑Thcr.i.n.j okin.abou.suc.matters.这种事开不得玩笑There isno harmin doingso.这样做没有害处Ther.i.n.litterin.about.不许乱扔杂物)作定语.动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍,一般只限于单个的动名词作定语,2表示“用于……的”或表示“处于某件事情中的……”含义例如swimmin.poo.游泳池.阅读材料…readin.materiawalkin.Stic•手杖・・・・・floatin.needl.浮.开幕词.助听.openin.speec.・・listenin.ai.候车室自来.waitin.rooJ....runnin.wate..发展中国家...劳动人民developin.countrie workin.peopl熟睡孩子sleepin.chil.)作表语.动名词作表语的时候,特别要注意不要与正在进行时混淆动名词作3表语,表达的是“某件事”等例如(动名词.Hi.part-tim.jo.i.promotin.ne.product.fo.th.company.他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品(动名词)Readin.i.fo.sur.learning.bu.applyin.i.als.leamin.L.greate.extent.读书当然是学习,然而运用在很大程度上更是学习(动名词.Thei.tas.i.explorin.oi.mine.i.th.west.他们的任务是在西部探查油矿动名词作表语,容易与现在分词作表语相混淆记住动名词表语表达的是“某件・事”(与不定式短语的意义相近),而现在分词表语表示“具有某个作用”例如(现在分词.Th.situatio.i.ver.muc.encouraging.形势非常令人鼓舞(壬见在分词.Hi.presen.jo.i.no.tha.stimulatin.a.h.expected.他现在的工作并不是那么有刺激性(不定式)Thei.pla.i.t.buil.anothe.dormitor.fo.thei.staf.thi.year.他们的计划是今年再为员工们建一栋宿舍楼(不定式.Hi.wis.i.t.becom..pilot.他的愿望是当飞行员)作宾语如4H.i.fon.o.playin.football..lik.swimming.
①admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,face,feel,like,finish,forgive,give up,imagine,include,keep,mention,mind,miss,practise,put off,(情不自禁)(无法忍受)等动词成词组resist,risk,suggest,can,t help,can,t stand后可以用动名词作宾语,但不能用不定式
②forget,go on,mean,regret,remember,stop,try等动词或词组可带动名词或不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别.(让我们继续学第六课说明前面已学了一部分)(让我们接着学第六课说明前面已学了第五课)Let.g.o.t.stud.Lesso.
6.(我记得做过练习).rcmcmbc.doin.th.exercise.(我必须记着做这事).mus.remembe.t.d.it.(我设法不去那里).trie.no.t.g.there.(我试着又干了一次).trie.doin.i.again.(不要讲话)Sto.speaking.(他停下来讲话)H.stoppe.t.talk.(我打算今天早些来).mea.t.com.earl.today.Missin.th.trai.mean.waitin.fo.anothe.hour.(误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时)
③在等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语,如果后面allow,advise,forbid,permit有名词或代词作宾语,其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语如W.don.allo.smokin.here.W.don.allo.student.t.smoke.
④动词作“需要”解,其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定need,require,want式的被动形式作宾语表示事情需要做,这时,动名词的主动式表示被动意义be后必须用动名词的主动形式来表示被动意义如worthHe.metho.i.wort.trying.
⑤在短语devote to,look forward to,stick to,to beused to,object to,thank youfor,()()excuse mefor,be keptbusy,have difficulty/trouble/problem in,have a()等后good/wonderful/hard timein,there sno use/good/need,feel/seem like/get downto的动词也必须用动名词形式,例如.loo.forwar.t.hearin.fro.yo.soon.
⑥在等动词后用动名词或不定式无多大区别有时用动名love,hate,prefer,like词作宾语时,指一般情况,而跟不定式作宾语时指某一具体行为
⑦start,begin,continue在书面语中多后接动名词,在口语中多后接不定式但和在下列情况下一般跟不定式作宾语当主语是物而不是人时;当start begin或以形式出现时,当后面作宾语的动词表示感情、思想或意念时start begin-ing如Lstarte.t.snow.H.i.beginnin.t.coo.dinner..bega.t.understan.wha.h.meant.
⑧在()等后须用不定式should wouldlike/love)动名词作状语.5动名词作状语表示在进行一动作的同时所进行的另一动作,它对谓语动词起修饰和陪衬的作用动名词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况.(时间.Havin.cleane.th.room,w.bega.t.wee.th.garden.打扫完房间,我们开始在花园里除草.Comin.int.th.room.sh.sa.everybod.alread.a.thei.work.(时间.进屋以后,她看到人人都在工作.(原因.Bein.ill.h.couldn.g.t.school.因为生病,他不能去上学.(原因.Havin.n.interes.i.th.topic.h.didn.g.t.th.lecture.由于对这个话题没有兴趣,他没去参加讲座.Workin.diligently.yo.wil.certainl.succeed.只要刻苦学习,你会成功的.(条件.Usin.atomi.energy.w.ca.buil.spaceships.利用原子能,我们能够建造太空船.(Grantin.th.achievement.t.b.great.ther.i.stil.somethin.t.b.desired.ik/^.(尽管)成绩是巨大的,(但)仍有一些要求改进的东西.我的车被交通拥挤堵住,所以延误了.(方式.Travelin.b.train.w.visite..numbe.O.cities.我们坐火车访问了好多城市.・・.book.(伴随.玛丽坐在教室的窗户旁,正在读一本书)动名词作定语.动名词作定语时和形容词的功能是相似的动名词可以单独作定6语,如..笑..smilin.fac.领导人..leadin.figur动名词还能构成合成词作定语,如..好说话的.easy-goin.ma游泳池swimmin.poo.安眠药片sleeping-pil..餐车dining-ca当分词短语做后置定语时,可以转换成定语从句.Sh.wen.o.boar.th.trai.leavin.fo.Shanghai..Sh.wen.o.boar.th.train.whic.wa.leavin.fo.Shanghai.她乘坐了去上海的火车.Ther.ar.tw.road.befor.us.on.leadin.t.th.beach.th.othe.t.th.park..Ther.ar.tw.road.befor.us.on.whic.lead.t.th.beach.th.othe.t.th.park.在我们面前有两条路,一条通向沙滩,另一条通向公园练习题2,、单项选择I
1.No oneenjoys at.
2.You mustdo somethingto preventyour house.
3.They insistedon anotherchance totry.
4.—.Wher.i.m.passport..remembe..i.here..Yo.shouldn\hav.lef.i.here.Remembe..i.wit.yo.al.th.time.;t.take B.putting;takingC.putting;;taking
5.His roomneeds,so hemust haveit.A.painting;painted B.painted;paintingC.painting;painting.D.painted;painted
6.After finishinghis homeworkhe wenton aletter tohis parents.A.write B.writing C.wrote D.t.write
7.The youngtrees weplanted lastweek requirewith greatcare.
8.Only Englishdoesnt meanthe language.;t.lear.B.learning;learning;;learning
9.She returnedhome onlyto findthe dooropen andsomething.
10.She decidedto devoteherself theproblem ofold age.A.t.stud.B.studying.C.t.studyin.D.study
11.Remembe...
12.As sheis lookingforwardtofrom me,please rememberthisletter onyour wayto school.A.hear;post.B.hearing;t.post;;t.posting
13.Grandma saidthat shehad alot oftrouble yourhandwriting.
14.Writing storiesand articleswhat Ienjoy most.A.is.B.are.C.was.D.were
15.We appreciateus tothe ball.
16.Would youmind quietfor amoment Imtrying aform.A.keeping;;C.keeping;;fillin.out
17.He wasafraid for being late.
18.Id liketo suggestthe meetingtill nextweek.
1.11dont seehow Icould possiblymanage thework without.A.finish;;bein.helpedC.finishing;;bein.helped
20.Anythin.wort..i.worth.o..well.A.doing;bein.done.B.doing;doing;;bein.done
21.W.advise.the.t.tak..r.l
5.st.bu.the.insiste..th.work.
22..delaye..you.lette.becaus..ha.bee.awa.fo..week.
23.Th.thie.drov.a.fas.a.h.coul.t.escap..b.th.police.A.t.b.caught B.b.caught.C.bein.caugh..D.catching,.there.A.first..though...i.a.home.The..rememb ere..i.ou.t.pa.fo.th.taxi.;;taking;;taking
25.
1.h.new.o.hi.fathef.death.h.burs.int.tears.
26.his mother,the babycould nothelp.;;t.laughC.Seeing;;laughing
27.1ts nouse somuch moneyon clothes.
28.The sentenceneeds.
29.If hesucceeded ajob,his childrenwouldnt besuffering fromhungernow.A.t.find.B.t.loo.fo.C.i.finding D.i.lookin.for
30.1still rememberto myhome townwhen Iwas young.、填入动名词的适当形式n
1.Ca.yo.imagin.yoursel..i..Ionel.island.stay
2..can\understan.you..a.tha.poo.child.laugh
3.Sh.didn.min・.overtime.work
4.T.mak..living.h.trie...an.variou.othe.things.bu.h.ha.faile.i.all.write.paint
5.W.ar.lookin.forwar.t.Mary*..come
6.Sh.wa.praise.fo..th.lif.o.th.child,save
7.Sh.ough.t.b.praise.instea.o..criticize.
8.
1.ther.an.possibilit.o.ou..th.championship.win
9.H.cam.t.th.part.withou..invite将下列句子译成英语.我最喜欢的运动是游泳.
1.今天去没有用,他不会在家.
2.你写完作文了吗?
3.请原谅我来晚了.
4.他不声不响地走了进来.
5.他走进来了,没有被看见.
6、I l.C
2.B
3.C
4.C
5.A
6.D
7.A
8.D
9.C
10.Cll.C
12.B
13.C
14.A
15.C
16.C
17.B
18.B
19.B
20.A
21.D
22.B
23.C
24.D
25.B
26.C
27.C
28.C
29.C
30.CII、
1.staying
2.laughing
3.working
4.writing;painting
5.coming
6.having saved
7.being criticized
8.winning
9.being invited动名词专项练习题参考答案III l.My favouritesport isswimming..Z.If.n.us.goin.ther.today.H.won\b.in;can.b.in.
3.Have youfinished writingyour composition
4.Excuse meforbeing;coming;late.
5.He enteredthe roomwithout makingany noise.
6.He enteredthe roomwithout beingseen.。
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