压轴题17 短文填空（原卷版）-2023年中考英语压轴题专项训练（全国）

压轴题短文填空17题型/考向一短文填空之自由填空题型/考向二短文填空之首字母填空题型/考向三短文填空之选词填空题型/考向四短文填空之杂糅性型短文填空题型/考向五短文填空之提示词填空;压轴题叁颁考向短文填空之自由填空1自由填空是中考短文填空中难度最大的，这种题目因题型的开放性和综合性而备受关注试题特点是一篇短文挖空个单词，且没有任何提示，让考生根据短文内容自由填词，难度较大，主观性较强，有8—10时可能出现多种答案满分技巧解题步骤

1.（）快速浏览，了解大意对于简单把握的空，可以先填出来；1（）上下求索，填出答案根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；2（）通读全文，检查确认特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀3无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词、代词、介词、连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词（）名词前面一般用冠词、代词或介词等1（）如果需要填入代词，就要考虑到是人称代词的主格、宾格或物主代词的变化、指示代词的用法；2（）并列的两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词等；3and,but,or（）两句之间，如果不是并列句，则很可能是主从句，因此需要填入从属连词（4what,which,who,how,when等）或者是宾语从句，定语从句或者是状语从句的连接词这种空格需要同学们根据句子结构，分析到底是什么从句，从而选择合适的从属连词考向短文填空之首字母填空2首字母填空是根据句意和已给出的首字母，在句子的空白处填上适当的单词，使句子意思完整，语法正确的一种题型该题型既考查学生的单词记忆和拼写能力，又考查学生对句子的理解和运用能力满分技巧跳过空格，不看选项，快速地阅读全文，从整体上感知全文，掌握大意，了解全篇的内容和要旨

1.快速阅读时宁粗勿细，切忌只盯住一个句子仓促解题，这样势必因胸无全局而误入歧途快速阅读时，还要注意找出关键词，这些词在文中起支撑骨架的功能，抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索特别是要重Bria is a12-year-old animalartist.135began to help theendangered animalsat theage ofeight.That waswhen Bria started tot36pictures of animals.To sellher paintingson theInternet,Bria opensan137shop namedFaces of the Endangeredwith herparents help.This ideaturns outgreat and all ofBrias workssell138,To supportthe groupsthat carefor animalsin danger,Bria donatesall the139she makesto them.So far;Bria hasgiven away$36,000in total.Bria has also designedtwo coloringbooks aboutanimals.The booksare140at theGreat PlainsZoo inherhometown.Money from the saleof the141makes itpossible to improve thesituations ofsome endangeredanimalsat thezoo.Whats Briasmessage forkids whowant to142a difference”No matterhow oldyou are,you canchange theworld/she says.No ideais toosmall/视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意复读短文，确定语义，判断词形

2.把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填词的正确形式如短文难度较大，尤其是难于选词时，从本句的前后观察中一时尚不得要领，就要进一步扩大到上下文中分析三读短文，上下参照，验证答案

3.在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑考向短文填空之选词填空3选词填空是指把一篇文章的关键词语挖空，词序打乱，让学生根据短文内容选择正确的词语填空此类题型主要是要求学生在正确理解和把握文章的基础上，通过分析行文线索来填写空缺单词，补全短文考向短文填空之杂糅性型短文填空4杂糅型短文填空是指文章中有多种提示类型，如英语单词、汉语意思、音标或者不给提示词等这种题型主要考查考生的整体阅读能力、语言知识的运用能力、逻辑思维能力和书面表达能力，特别是单词和短语的拼写能力考向短文填空之提示词填空5此类短文填空题一般会给出汉语意思或英文单词做此类短文填空题时，要准确理解语意，根据文中同样结构或类似结构确定应填词的词性和词形不可简单地都填原形词若空格内填的是名词，要考虑其单复数形式；若填的是形容词或副词，则要考虑其是否属于比较等级；如若填的是动词，则要特别注意考虑其时态和语态如在句首，还要考虑其首字母的大写

一、短文首字母填空（2023・江苏扬州・统考一模）根据短文内容和首字母提示，填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词Whether your life isgoing alongbeautifully oryou feellike yourein anunhappy situation,there arethings youcando tohave ab1life.One of the thingsI thinkwe/re seeingmore and more ismoving awayfromthewish formaterialriches.And i2of looking for things,we arelookingforfeelings.Really Ispeak frommy personale3here.In the first halfof2017,three ofmy youngfriends died.Three membersofmy familyhad s4health problems.My computersuddenly brokedown andso didmy phone.It feltlike the（故意地）.electronic goodsaround thehouse werea5me onpurpose Mylovely dogfell illsuddenly and I hadtohave himput downw6my husbandwas on the otherside of the world.（抑郁症）It washard notto feellow.And havingdepression n7killed me,I willbe honestand sayI wasworriedabout mymental healthat thattime.Though thefeeling of“Is thisreally allhappening tome aimedto raiseits uglyhead,I m8to stayhappy.Theharder timesgot,the happierI f9How is that possibleand whydoes itmatter Yousee,no matterwhat happensonthe outside,we canchoose whatwe thinkand feelon thei10When weare thankfulfor thepower ofthis（自我意识）,self-awareness wecan greatlychange notjust ourday,but ourfuture.Being ableto be self-aware isa helpfulway toimprove yourhappiness,actions andsuccess.This way,you willbeable to be intouch withwho youtruly are.（•上海•模拟预测）2023In Japan,travelling bytrain isvery popular.When railwaysfirst spread,many railway（火车站站长）.stations weremanaged bystationmasters Thesestationmasters neededto makesure thateverything（雇用）went wellat their own stations.Many stationsstopped employingstationmasters along timeago.However,inrecent years,a newtype ofstationmaster hasa11in Japan:the animalstationmaster.This allstarted whena stationin Japandecided toemploy acat namedTama asits stationmasterin ordertoimprove business.The areaaround KishiStation didntget anyv12The trainswere oftenempty.In2004,the stationwasalmost shutdown because there werefew customers.The manwho workedat KishiStation asan unofficial（杂货店）stationmaster wasalso theowner ofa grocerystore nextto the station.He tookcare ofa streetcat namedTama.In2007,he decidedtoi13Tama to the managerofthe railway lineas the stationmaster.Before that,Tama hadalreadybeen apopular catamong localpeople.The managernoticed Tamaspopularity andmade herthe newstationmasterof KishiStation.Tama/s bossesdid nothave to give herany moneyas salaries.I14,they gaveher freefood.She neededto greetcustomers andwear a代stationmasters hat and auniform.A erall,a stationmastermust looks15for thecustomers atall times.Soon,Tama attracteda lotof attention.More andmore peoplewould goall theway to thestationto seeTamaand takepictures withher.In avery shorttime,Tama notonly broughtbusiness to thestation,but alsobrought afew（日元）billion yento thelocal e16Tama seemedto enjoybeing thecentre ofattention,and continuedto workat the（）（葬礼）station untilshe diedin2015at theage of

16.Its agreat agefor acat about80in humanyears.Her funeralwasattended bymany ofher fans,who s17said goodbyeto thesuper stationmasterfor onelast time.（•江苏南京•统考一2023模）You mighthave founda friendor classmatewho remembersevery singledetail.How canthey makeit Agoodmemory isoften seenas something that comesnaturally,andab18memory assomethingthatcannot bechanged,but actuallythere areplenty of things thatyou cando toimprove your memory.We allremember thethings weare i19in andforget theones thatmake usfeel bored.This nodoubt explainsthereason whyschoolboys rememberfootball resultsw20difficultly butmake avery greateffort to remember datesfromtheir historylessons!Take anactive interestin whatyou want to remember,and payclose a21One waytomake yourselfmore interestedis toask questions—the morethe better!Moreover,researchers havefound thatinformationorganized ingroups can be easytoremember.You canuse thisby organizingthe materialsyou ares22Try groupingsimilar knowledgetogether,or makea mindmap oftextbook readingsto helpgroup theinformation.Then whenyou learnmore aboutthat subject,you understand that better.Be surethings areclear inyourm23If not,ask questionsuntil youunderstand!What/s more,when youre learning newmaterials,take the time tothink abouttherelationship b24the presentinformation andwhat youvealready known.Then itcan help you remembertheinformation.Physical exerciseis also important for your memory,b25it increasesyour heartrate andsends moreoxygento your brain,andthatmakes yourmemory workbetter.Exercise alsor26stress,which isvery badfor thememory.So thenext timeyourelearningnew information,you canusethem27above.Km surethat youwillimprove yourmemory andget moreout of it.（2023,江苏南通・统考一模）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整正确的形式，使短文通顺A slowtrain inSouthwest Chinaboasting itsown studyroom hasattracted mucha28from people.The trainNo.5609/5610,which runsbetween Chongqingand Xiushancounty,isapublic-welfare slowtrain”.In somecarriages,some seatshave beenreplaced withdesks andchairs nexttothewindows toturn itinto astudycarriage forpassengers inn29〃The Chinesecharacters“Yu Yuea30on the train,which translatesto/traveling andreading h

31.Other（标语）inspirational sloganscanbeseen throughoutthe studycarriages”.Besides No.5609/5610,other slowtrains havebeen upgradedwith studycarriages”,i32No.5619/5620and5633/5634whichrun along the Chengdu-Kunming Railway.Students fromnearby schoolsoften take thetrainbetween schooland h33The trainsare their“school busesandmany passengersuse theirtravel time to c34homework.On trainNo.Z150,which runsbetween Guiyangand Beijing,a transformedbook barcarriage has beenwelcomed bycollege students.There arenearly400universities andcolleges in the citiesalongtheline,making train（校园）.No.Z150the firstc35for moststudents onthose campusesSince2015,the trainsdining carhas beenopen forfree atnight top36returning studentswith alending library,free teaand otherservices.These smallsteps bytherailwaydepartment area welcomecomfort forpassengers inneedofarelaxing p37to continuetheir studies.（2023・江苏扬州・统考一模）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整（每空一词）The pilot,Antoine DeSaint-Exupery,who wroteThe LittlePrince,died longago,but thefictional pilot,who toldthestory,is asa38today ashe wasmany years ago,along withhis Prince,the fox,the roseand the snake.This timelesstale touchesupon childhoodand growingup.It openswith thereminder:All grow-ups wereonce c39—but fewof themremember it.The pilotin thisstory losesthat part of himself.A40a stayin thedesert with the littleprince,he findshis innerchild again.It isas41story withlife lessons.Here aresome.（驯服）.One onlyunderstands thethings thatone tamesI Seeingthe thousandsof rosesthat lookjust likehisrose makesthe princefeel asif he was trickedby hisf42The foxshows himtaming someonet43time.The princeunderstandsthe natureof relationships:thetimehe haswasted onhis rosemakesh44soimportant.（分另）The fox,as hisparting Ugift,shares hissecret with the prince:One can see rightlywiththeheart.What isveryimportant andnecessary cantbes45When thepilot showshis pictureabout thesnake eatingthe elephant,adults onlysee itasahat.Adults cantsee whatsi46thesnake.What isoutside isnot whatmatters.This truthsetsthe littleprince free.He decidesto join his roseback onhis planet.Has hereturned tohis planetand hisr47The endingis in the imaginationof everyreader aswell代as thepilot.A erall,it isa bookwith somethingfor everyone.

二、短文汉语提示填空（2023・浙江金华・模拟预测）根据短文内容和所给中文提示，用单词的正确形式完成以下短文Juncao SpreadsIts Magicin FijiRecently,people inFiji cant stop praisinga magicalplant,Juncao.Developed byChinese scientistsLin Zhanxiand（重要的）his team,it isa newkind ofgrass aswell asan48resource.It canbe usedfor mushroomfarming,or asfood（甚至）for animals.It growsfast andtall49in thedry places.Each yearin thedry season,when thecentral andwestern areaof Fijiran outof greengrass,animals likecows or（绵羊）50lost weightquickly.Farmers hadto sellthem ata lowerprice.Fiji wasalso nota（幸运地），suitable placefor plantingmushroom.51Professor Linand histeam tookJuncao technologyto Fiji.They（培训；训【练）（旅彳亍；长also52local studentsto usethe technology.Lins teamoften spentlots oftime53途彳亍走）（困难to placesthat arenot easilyvisited,teaching thefarmers handby hand.With all the efforts,the54的）

三、短文语境提示填空（2023•河南商丘・统考一模）阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整每空限填一词Do youoften feeldown orhave alack ofenergy If you do,theres aneasy answerto yourproblem.You need98（量）increase theamount of exercise inyour life.There99many kindsofexercise.You canwork outatthegym.You canplay basketball,soccer,or otherballgames.You canalso jog,swim,or gofor100walk.Whatever youchoose,do itfor20to30minutes aday.If youcant dothat,then threedays aweek isalso good.When youexercise,you getyour heart and bloodpumping.That carriesmore oxygento your body.Because ofthat,yourbodyproduces moreenergy,and youfeel moreenergetic.Also,exercise canmake youfeel happier.When youdo it,yourbrainproduces morehappy chemicals.101the sametime,it cutsstress chemicals.As youcansee,exercise canimprove yourenergy levels102helpyoufeel better.It candosomuch more,though.So,try tomake exercisea regularpartofyour life.（2023・湖南岳阳・统考一模）根据短文内容在文中空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺When peoplesay culture”,we think103artandhistory.But onevery famoussymbol inAmerican cultureis acartoon.We allknow andlove theblack mouse104two largeround ears—Mickey Mouse.Over80yearsago,he firstappearedinthecartoon SteamboatWillie.When this cartoon105out inNew Yorkon November18,1928,it106thefirst cartoonwith soundand music.The man107Mickey wasWalt Disney.He becamevery richand successful.Somepeople mightask howthiscartoonanimal becameso popular.One ofthe main108isthatMickey waslike acommonman,but healways triedto109any danger.In hisearly films,Mickey wasunlucky andhad manyproblems suchas losinghis houseorgirlfriend,Minnie.110,hewasalways readyto tryhis best.People wenttothecinema tosee the“little manwin.Most ofthem wantedtobelike Mickey.Today/s111are usuallynot assimple aslittle MickeyMouse,but everyonestill knowsand loves112,Who hasa pairof earsmore famousthanMickeys（•广东佛山,统考一模）阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容提示，在短文空白处填入适当的单词，每个空2023只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词Ifyouask whoisthemost famousperson inLeshan city,the answermust includeWang Dakang.Because113lifestory surprisedand encouragedmany people.In the1980s,Wang Dakangbecame114first personinChinato completea roundtrip ofthe countryusing onlyabicycle.He cycledChinas29different places1151981and

1984.Later hewas invitedto（手稿）116his experienceinto abook.However,his manuscriptwas refusedat first.He fully117the importanceoflearning.At theage of61,he118at SichuanNormal Collegein Sichuanprovince in1996and mainlylearned news.（硕士）（文In2000,Wang beganlearning forhis graduatestudies inthe samecollege andstudied travelliterature学）.In2008,he enteredLeshan NormalUniversity119a doctorand graduatedin

2012.At present,he has120manyyears workinginhishometown.〃l wantto continuelearning asI groweven121andIwill studyuntil mylife ends.Wang said.What agoodexample the86-year-old grandfatherset forus!So neversay toolate because122old age.（2023・广东肇庆•统考一模）请阅读下面短文，在所给的每个空格中填入一个形式正确、意义相符的单词，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置I hatemy newneighbor verymuch.She hasa bigdog andthe dogalways123too muchnoise atnight.It makesme unableto sleepwell.I havetalked aboutthe problemmany

1.24with mynewneighbor.Every timeshe wasvery politebut shedidnt do125to solvethe problem.She toldme thedog126to herlittle son.She hadno right to deal127her sonsdog.One night,I couldntstand thebarks.Then Irushedinto my neighbors house.Surprisingly,I sawa disabledboy playingwiththedog happily.It wasthefirsttimemy newneighbor andI had128deep conversation.She toldme thather sonliked thedog verymuch becausethe dogwashis onlyfriend.She addedthat shewas busy129hardly hadtimetoplay withher son.I leftmy neighborshousewithout130any words.The boylikes thedog131brings pleasureto him.I alsohave norightto takethepleasure fromthe boy.Understanding isthe mostimportantthing amongthe neighbors.From132on,on weekends,I wouldtake mydaughter tomyneighborshouse.My daughteralso likesthe boysdog.（2023・广东珠海・统考一模）请阅读下面短文，在所给的每个空格中填入一个形式正确、意义相符的单词Earth Dayis April

22.133this day,people aroundtheworldare tryingto savethe earth.134dont waittill EarthDaytotakeaction.You cando somethingtohelpimprove theenvironment everyday.。