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押广东卷第56-60题阅读理解B篇说明文说明文是以说明为主要表达方式来解说事物或阐明事理的文章体裁说明文一般采用平实的语言客观地解释或探讨各种问题，如动物的特征、介绍新生事物、自然或社会现象产生的原因等等说明事物可采用多种方式举例法、对比法、给事物下定义法、使用数据、图片法等等无论采用什么说明方法，作者都是为了说明事物的本质特征，清晰地展现所说明的事物说明文条理十分清晰；时态上多为一般现在时题型包括1细节理解题；生词词义判断题；标题判断题；主旨大意题；文章结构题；观点态度题.
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6.阅读说明文的关键.
2.明确说明对象阅读事物说明文，首先从整体入手，把握文章的说明对象是什么；阅读事理说明文，首先弄清文章说明了什么事理可以通过把握段落主题句来明确说明对象
3.逐段概括要点，理清说明顺序概括要点要重视首尾句的作用，重视概念句或解说性语句的作用阅读时可以把这些语句勾画出来
4.整体感知，把握中心分析文章段落之间是并列、递进还是总分关系；是由现象到本质，还是由个别到一般，或是从结果到原因最后总结出文章的中心思想说明文解题技巧
1.阅读做标记在阅读的时候可给段落标上序号，并给重要的句子和关键词汇做上记号，尤其是各段中心句，为答题提供更快捷、更多的信息
2.审清题干发掘和把握试题中有效的提示性信息，确认命题的角度、阅读范围和答题方式
3.定位阅读，强化对应意识绝大部分的说明文阅读题都有一个共性，那就是答案基本上都能直接和间接从选段中找到依据回答问题时要注意原文利用和自我加工相结合（•广东•统考中考真题）2021According to a researchmore than130billion poundsof uneaten food go to wastein（供应）.Lauras countryeach year.That is about30%of theyearly foodsupply Itis asad factespecially whenyouconsider howmany familiesand homelesspeople arein hunger.When Laurasaw her school dining hall throwaway foodthat wasnot eatenat allevery day,she cameup withA.How totransplant yourgarden B,How to make yourgarden prettierC.The bestchoice forgardening D.Advice forperfect growingconditions（庇护所）an idea.She starteda projectto helpher school dining hallto give away uneaten food tohomeless sheltersinher community.In thepast threeyears,the sameproject hasspread toother schoolsand somefast food restaurantsthroughout thecity.The project is calledFeedamp;find,and has already fedthousands ofpeople inher city.How doesit workThrough anapp,Feedamp;Find matcheslocal homeless shelters withschooldininghalls andrestaurantsthat haveuneatenfood to provide.When dininghalls orrestaurants haveuneatenfoodleft,they canuse theappto sharethe informationabout the food.A truck driver workingfor theprojectis then sentto pickit upand takeit toashelter.Pretty cool,right Itsnot surprisingthat peoplein other cities havegot intouch withLaura hopingthat shecould havedevelopedsimilar projectsfor theircommunities.Some people,however,have concernsabout thesafety of the uneatenfood.They thinksuch foodmay not be cleanenough.Still,this projectis aclever wayto helpsolve theproblem offood wasteand ithelps thosein need.
1.The numbersin paragraph1tell usA.some peopleare poorB,food wasteis seriousC.the populationis largeD.the researchis interesting
2.Lauras projectfirst gotfood fromA.herschooldininghallB.her familyC・a fastfoodrestaurantD.homelessshelter
3.People inothercitieswould likeLaura to.A・find atruckdriverB.visit theircommunitiesC.giveawayfoodto them D.help developprojects likehers
4.The underlinedwords concerns“in thispassage means.A.ways B.secrets C.worries D.decisions
5..Which can be the best title for thispassageA.A DiningGuide AppB.A FoodSharing ProjectC.A DrivingService AppD.A FoodSafety Project（•广东•统考中考真题）2021Welcome toManor FarmU-pick Activities.We areknown for our deliciousstrawberries.We inviteyou tovisit the farm andenjoy ourfresh productsand great（farming experiences.Well tryour bestto createa safeopen-air environmentforourcustomers underthe circumstancest青况）of COVID-19this year.Please readthe instructionsbelow.（预约）To pickthe strawberries,you need tomake a reservationon ourwebsite.Reservations areopen from13:00to20:00the daybefore thepicking day.Please dontcome to the farmif youare sick.On thefarm,you needto stayat leasttwo metersaway fromanyone youdont livewith.For safety,you mustuse ournew basketsonly.A basketalone costs5yuan.It holdsabout2kg ofstrawberries andabasket ofstrawberries ispriced at50yuan intotal.If childrencome,they MUSTstay close to their parents.Running upand down the strawberryrows willNOT beallowed.Our workerswill tellthem whereto startpicking andthe childrenshould listen.We hopechildren willfollow oursafetyrules in our fields.No pets are allowedon thefarm.Any questions,please callus at906-256-
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6.If yougotothefarmon August8th,you canmake areservation atA.10:00on August6th B.10:00on August7thC.14:00on August6th D.14:00on August7th
7.The farmprovides newbaskets—A.to cutdownthecost B,to protect the environmentC.to keepcustomers safeD.to carrymore strawberries
8.On thefarm,children areasked toA.plant somestrawberries B,run alongthe rowsC.stay closeto their parents D,look aftertheir pets
9.For moreinformation,you canA.write anemail B.make aphone callC.send avoice messageD.watch newson TV
10.The instructionsare mostprobably from.A.a farmowner B.a teacherC.a newsreporter D.a customer（•广东•统考中考真题）（沙漠）2020Once therewere manythousands of Gourma Desertelephants inMali,acountry inWest Africa.Now,there arefewer thanfour hundred.Why did the number of the elephants dropso quicklyOn theone hand,the elephants5main lake,their onlywater（来源）,source driedup.On the other hand,the landwhich the elephants livedon wasoverused byhumans.To protectthe elephants5living environment,the MaliElephant Project（MEP）was startedin
2007.MEP metwithlocal peopleand helpedthem makerules of using land and water.As aresult,the situationbecame betterand therewasmore food,forest andgrassland.（偷猎）However,from2012to2016,poaching andillegal tradein theelephants increasedrapidly.Eighty-three elephantswere lostin2015alone,and anotherfifty-one elephantwere killedin
2016.If thissituation goeson,all theGounna elephantswill bekilled by2020,“said amember of MEP.（组织）Luckily,the voiceofMEP was heard.More organizationshave joinedtogether toeducate the local peoplethattrading elephantsis againstthe law.Elephant poachinghas droppedtoavery lowlevel.The localpeople havelearned tolivepeacefully withtheelephants,one of the wildlifetreasures in the world.
11.MEPwasstarted to.A.raise moreelephants inMali B.stop the main lakefrom dryingupC.discover watersource forelephants D.protecttheelephants9living environment
12.What doesthe word“iHegal“in Paragraph4mean inChinese公平的亏损的非法的合理的A.B.C.D.
13.Eighty-three elephantswere lost.
14.We canlearn from the lastparagraph thatA.the numberof organizationshas droppedB.there ismuch lesselephant poachingnowC.thelocalpeople keeptheelephantsat home
15.D.the wholeworld livepeacefully withelephantsThis passageis mainlyabout.A.the rulesofusinglandandwater B,the educationof thelocal peopleC.the workof MaliElephant ProjectD.the situationofGourmaDesert elephantsA.in2012B.in2015C.in2016D.in2020（2023・广东汕头・统考一模）Most peopleagree thathonesty is a goodthing.But doesMother Nature agree Animalscant talk,but canthey liewiththeir bodiesand behaviorAnimal expertsmay notcall itlying,but theydo agreethat many animals behavedishonestlyto foolother animals.Dishonesty oftenhelps themsurvive.（彳Many kindsof birdsare verysuccessful atfooling otheranimals.A birdcalled the plover sometimespretends成装）to be hurt inorder toprotect itsyoung.When anenemy getsclosetoits nest,the ploverpretends to have abrokenwing.The enemyfollows the“hurt”adult,leaving thebaby birdssafe.（埋）Another kind of bird,the scrubjay,buries its food soit alwayshas somethingto eat.Scrub jaysalso stealfood.They watchwhere othersbury theirfood andsteal it.But cleverscrub jaysseem toknow whenothers are watching them.So theyget backlater,unbury the food,and buryit againsomewhere else.Chimpanzees canalso besneaky.After afight,the losingchimpanzee willgive itshand totheother.When thewinningchimpanzee putsout itshand,too,the chimpanzeesare friendlyagain.But ananimal expertonce sawa losingchimpanzeetake thewinners handand startfighting again.When chimpanzeesfind food,its naturalfor themto cryout.Then other chimpanzees comerunning.But someclever chimpanzeeslearn tocry verysoftly whenthey findfood.Thatway,otherchimpanzeesdont hearthem,and theydont needto sharethefood.A.Catch theenemy.B.Show theirhonesty.C.Pretend to behurt.D.Feed themfood.
16.How doestheploversave itsyoung
17.What willthe scrubjay dowhen itknows othersarewatchingthemA.Bury thefood twice.B.Stopping stealingthefood.C.Bury thefood asusual.D.Run awayimmediately.
18.What doesthe underlinedword sneakymeanA.Honest.B.Brave.C.Weak.D.Lying.A.Because theywant tohave fun.B,Because theyneedtodo thatfor livingon.C.Because theywant to share food.D.Because theyare beatendown.
20.What is the besttitle of the passageA.Do animalslie B,Honesty ordishonestyC.How doanimals protectlives D.Does MotherNatureagree
19.Why domanyanimalsbehave dishonestly（•广东汕尾•统考二模）2023Arguments betweenteenagers andparents canbe aproblem andshould betakenseriously.•Three examples of theargumentsParent:Mike isalways makingtrouble in school.Youd betterkeep away from him.Ben:You donft knowhim as well asI do.Stop tryingto tellme whoI canmake friends with.Parent:Don ftspend somuch timeplaying computer games.You shoulddo somethingmeaningfill.Grace:Ive alreadyfinished myhomework.I justwant torelax.Parent:You gotan Fin yourphysics examagain.Im disappointedwith you.Jack:I didstudy hard.But its justtoo difficultfor me.•Some resultsof asurveyAbout18%of the kids talk to theirparents whenthey haveproblems.Over50%of thekids think theirparentsdont understandthem.Almost50%of theparents talkto their children only about school.•Some suggestionsfrom expertsCommunicatewith yourkids in a friendlyway.Encourage kidstosharetheir feelingswith you.Take partin differentactivities togetherwith kids.
21.Whats theargument betweenBen andhis parentA.Ben makesfriends with Mike.B.Ben doesntknow Mikevery well.C.Ben alwaysmakes troubleinschool.D.Ben keepsawayfromMike atschool.
22.Graces parentthinks playingcomputergamesis.A.helpful B.relaxing C.meaningful D.meaningless
23.Why didntJack dowell inphysicsA.Because hedidnt studyhard.B.Because heoften playswithMike.C.Because hethinks ifstoo hard for him.D.Because heplays computergames toomuch.
24.What canwe knowfromthesurveyA.All thekids have arguments withtheirparents.B.Most parentstalkto theirchildrenonlyaboutschool.C.None ofthekidsthinktheirparents understandthem.D.A smallnumberofkids talktotheirparents whenhaving problems.
25..The suggestionsare for.A.students B.parents C.teachers D.experts（•广东珠海•珠海市九洲中学校考一模）（卫星）2023Since humanssent the first satelliteto spacein the1950s,scientists have been studyingan importanttopic:how to grow plantsin spaceif humanslive thereone day.A recentexperimentat theTiangong spacestation makesa bigstep forward.（幼苗）Chinese astronautshave successfullygrown riceseedlings during the Shenzhou XIV mission.The researchersaid,“The riceseedlings are growing very well.Since therice experimentbegan onJuly29,the seedlingsofthetall shoot（高杆水稻品种）（矮杆水rice varietyhave reacheda heightof30centimeters.The seedlingsofthedwarf rice variety稻品种）have grownto5centimeters,China Dailyreported onAugust30,
2022.While therehavebeenother rice experiments in space,this oneisthefirst ofits kindto producethe complete life（周期）cycle ofa plant—it beginswith aseed andendswith a grownplant producingnew seeds.Such food-growing experimentsare notfor astronauts.They cansolve foodproblems on Earth.By sendingseeds to（突变的）（产量）space,we cancreate mutatedseeds thatcan producehigher yields onEarth.For morethan30years,China hasdeveloped over260new typesof seeds in space.They areplanted onEarth everyyear.According toYao Tong,an engineerfrom HainanAerospace EngineeringBreeding ResearchCenter,30%ofstrawberries soldin Beijingare“space strawberries,\which areasbig aseggs.The centerhas alsoproduced spacetomatoes”with yieldsincreased by30%,and“space bananas^^withagrowth cycleshortened from13months to9months.
26.How highdidthetall shoot rice varietygrow forthefirstmonthA.5cm.B.25cm.C.30cm.D.35cm.
27.What doesthe underlinedpart thisone“in Paragraph3refer toA.The dwarfricevariety.B.The tallshootricevariety.C.The lastriceexperimentinspace.D.The riceexperiment onShenzhouXIV.
28.How doesthis riceexperiment differfrom otherexperimentsA.Its seedlingshave successfullycome up.B.It goesthrough acompletelifecycle.C.Its seedlingsaregrowingverywell.D.It usescompletely newrice varieties.
29.Why dowe plantseedsinspace according tothe passagea.To feedastronauts.b.To researchon mutatedseeds.c.To increaseyieldsonEarth.d.To studythe environmentof space.A.ab B.be C.ac D.bd
30.What isthe mainidea ofthe lastparagraphA.Space plantingis benefitingus.B.Space plantinghas disadvantages.C.People willnever runout offood.D.People areafraid ofspace seeds.（•广东惠州•统考一模）2023Your belovedpet maybehurting your sleep,new researchfinds.Though petscanbehelpful forhealth,pet ownerwas likelytohavepoorer sleep,accordingtoa study.（种族）（收人），The researcherscorrected factorsthat couldinfluence sleep,including raceand incomeaswellas（性另（）age,gender Jand BMI,and focusedon whethera personhad asleep disorderand whethera personhad a cat or adog.The findingsshowed thathaving adog was connected witha greaterchance ofhaving asleep disorderand having（抽搐）trouble sleeping,while havinga catwasconnectedwith havinga higherchance ofleg jerksin thenight.The ageofthe pethas abig influenceon whetheror notthey keepyou up at nightJ vanEgmond said.“If youhave manypets,theycan egg each other on,“With dogs,it dependsa loton thekind andthe activitylevel itneeds.Making surea petgets plentyof physical（刺激）activities andmental stimulationduringtheday can help animals-and theirowners-get betterrest.Unlike dogs,cats aremore activeat nightand it is easierto useup theirenergy.If youplay withyour catbefore itisready forbed,you wouldmake ithardforcats tofall asleep.If youfeed your cat afterplaying withit,yourcatwould feelthatit hassuccessfully hunteditsfoodand isrewarded witha nicemeal inreturn.Then itgoes tosleep quickly.The newstudy showsthat petscan influence yoursleep,but wehave toreally think about thatpetsaremuch morethana petinour family.
31.What canmakeagreat differenceto yoursleepA.Food.B.Pets.C.Work.D.Noise.
32.If youhaveadog,you mayhave troublein.A.playing withit B.study C.getting moremoney D.sleeping
33.What doesthe underlinedphrase“eggeach otheronmeanA.Encourage each other tofight orquaiTel.B.Have atalk witheachother.C,Help eachother.D.Learn fromeachother.
34.Which ofthe followingis TRUEA.We shouldsee thepets asourfamily.B.Cats arevery activein thedaytime.C.All thedogs caninfluenceyoursleep.D.No matterhow muchacateats,itisalways fullof energy.
35.In whichpart ofa newspapermay thispassage appearA.Travel.B.Animals.C.Culture.D.Health.（•广东惠州•统考一模）（技巧）.（测量）2023Time managementhasa lot oftips andtricks Andmeasuring timebya clockorawatch canhelp fixalotof stressinthelong run.A clockplays animportant rolein timemanagement.It cangreatlyhelp usachieve ourpurposes.It alsohelps ussay noto peoplewanting towaste our time.We canuse itin manypartsof our life.A clockcan becomeour bestfriend inourlifewhen weuse itto getwhat wereally want.The followingwayscanhelp us getstarted.Realize thepower of30seconds.For example,if yourhouse isinamess,thinkaboutthis.Failing tohang upa coatandkeep adesk orroom tidyhappens whenwe leaveout thequick housework.We canplay agame tosee ifwe canbuilda cleanand comfortableenvironment in30seconds.If possible,exercise ata specifictime.We canride abike,run slowlyor takea quickwalk for15minutes twicea day.Besides,we cantry arunning orswimming racewith ourfamily within15minutes.The15minutes seemsshort.However,it makesour bodiesstronger ifwe keepon it.Go tobed andget upon time.This goodhabit keepsyou fullof energy.Going tobed at10:30p.m.and gettingupat6:30a.m.isagreat choice.It willmake youactive andis goodfor yourstudy andwork.（目标）Every goalin lifewill likelybe fullyrealized bypairing itup withthe clock.Therefore,we shouldlearn tomanageourtimeand makethe bestuse ofevery minute.
36.Why clocksare importantin timemanagementA.They canhelpusachieve ourpurposes.B.They areused inmany partsof ourlife.C.They arepeoples bestfriends.D.They canhelp peoplenot wasteothers9time.
37.The waythe writergives hisadvice in Paragraph2is.A.by tellinga storyB.by givingan exampleC.by askinga questionD.by comparingtwo facts
38.What doesthe underlinedword“specific“in Paragraph3meanA.Free.B.Hard.C.Certain.D.Boring.A B.b
39.Which ofthe followingisthestructure（结构）ofthe passage（P=Paragraph）A.To usea clockto managetime.B・To giveexamplesofclocks.C.To showthe importanceof time.D.To describetime measurement.
40.What isthemainpurpose ofthe passage（•广东肇庆•统考一模）2023Transplant is easy andoften costsless.If youare newto thiskindofgardening,dontworry.A gardenexpert,Lee Reich,can giveyou hisadvice.（种子）.Reich suggestsstarting withflowers orvegetables thatare easyto growfrom seedsHowever,Reich warns（根类蔬菜）that somevegetables shouldnotbegrown astransplants.Root vegetableslike carrots,cant betransplantedeasily.It canhurt the roots.To getstarted withtransplants,you willneed acontainer andsoil.The containershould haveone ormore holesin thebottom.In thisway,some watercan runout.Garden soil,even goodgarden soil,says Reich,will notwork becausewatercant runout quickly.Our expertsuggests usinga specialmix calledpotting soil.Then plantthree orfour seedsin eachcontainer.Cover theseeds withthe soil.The mostimportant thingfor seedsgrowthisaproper temperature.How muchwarmth neededis differentfrom plantto plant.A goodaverage temperatureforjust aboutall seedsis about24℃.Most seedsdo notneed lightto grow.Cover theseeds withclear plasticto preventthemfrom dryingup.（新芽）!Now forthe excitingpart—waiting tosee little,green sproutsClean upall butthe strongestsprout fromeachcontainer.Just becareful notto hurttherootsofthesprout thatremains.Your goalnow isto growsprouts strongenoughto surviveafter theyare movedtotheoutside garden.In amonth,they willbe readyto gointo thegarden!
41.Which maybe suggestedfor transplantbeginners accordingto ReichA.Root vegetables.B.Fruits thatcost less.C.Flowers thatdont needmuchwater.D.Plants thatare easytogrowfrom seeds.
42.Why ispotting soilsuggested accordingto ReichA.Because itis cheap.B.Because itis richer.C.Because itiseasytobefound.D.Because waterruns outquickly init.
43.What doesthe underlinedword“container“inParagraph3mean
44.Which isthe keycondition forsprouts tocome outA.Dry air.B.Clean soil.C.Enough light.D.A propertemperature.
45.What isthebesttitleforthepassage。
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