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专项四复合句重难点宾语从句21宾语从句的种类L宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类由引导的宾语从句只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略
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1.that thatHe said that he wanted to stayat home.由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句这些连接
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2.who,whom,whose,what,which when,where,why,how代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分Do youknow whowhom theyare waitingforI dontknow whythe trainis late.由或引导的宾语从句和在句中的意思是“是否”
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3.if whetherif whetherI want to know if whether helives there..宾语从句的语序2宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序
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1.He is an honest boy.The teachersaid.—The teachersaidthat he was anhonestboy.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序
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2.一Does hework hardI wonder.I wonderif/whether heworks hard.宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题
3.如果主句是现在的某种时态包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时，那么宾语从句的时态可根据实
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1.际情况而定I rememberhe gaveme abook yesterday.He hastold me that hellleave forNew Yorktomorrow.——Work hardand trustin yourself.A.why B.what C.whether D.where
15.（2022•山东滨州・统考中考真题）—Do youknow—Yes.We shouldtry towaste lessbut recyclemore.A.how canwe livea greenlife B.how wecan livea greenlifeC.why shouldwe livea greenlife D.when weshould livea greenlife
16.（2022・广西河池・统考中考真题）一David,could youtell me一He istall andhas shorthair.A.what ournew P.E.teacher lookslikeB・what ournew P.E.teacher likesC.where ournew P.E.teacher comesfromD.when ournew P.E.teacher wasborn
17.（2022・上海•模拟预测）一The tabletennis matchis soexciting.The oppositeteam isreally strong.一Yes,but Inever doubtour teamwill win.A.if B.that C.whether D.why
18.（2022・上海•统考二模）My dadpromised onhis birthdaythat hesmoking in the nearfuture.A.will giveup B.would giveup C.gave upD.had givenup（•重庆•校联考一模）
19.2022Her motherhopes be a dancerin thefuture.A.her toB.her canC.she canD.she to
20.（2022•江苏淮安・校考一模）——I amhaving someproblems withmy son.He seemsto sayno toI say.—Ifs necessaryfor youtwo tohave morecommunication.A.whenever B.however C.whatever D.wherever
21.（2022・北京•模拟预测）There isno useto askfault itis.What weshould dois tosolve theproblem.A.who B.whose C.what D.which
22.（2022•山东荷泽・校联考一模）一I wonder.——Their strongwill andlove for the countrybring themcourage.A.why these medical workersrisked theirlives tofight thevirusB・what didthesemedicalworkers dofor thewhole countryC.if thesevolunteers wereworriedD.what thesevolunteers helpedwith
23.（2022・辽宁盘锦・统考中考真题）He asked.A.how was the weathertodayB・where Gracerides abikeC.when WangYaping returnedto theearthD.that Bryanplayed soccerwell（.四川达州•统考中考真题）一
24.2022I wonderlate forschool yesterday.——Bad luck!I gotup lateand missedthe bus.A.how youwere B.why wereyou C.how wereyou D.why youwere
25.（2022・辽宁营口•校考模拟预测）We haven9tdecided.A.that wewill repairour houseB.when didwe go to thepartyC.where wewent onvacation D.whether wewill keepa pet
二、单词填空（•浙江杭州•统考二模）
26.2022I didntknow wbaseball itis,so Ijust putit inthe Lostand Found.（•四川成都•模拟预测）
27.2022Please replybefore Fridayand tell me wyou can come tomy partyor not.
28.（2022・广西・统考二模）I willdo（无论什么）you wish.（•江苏•统考二模）.（误以为）
29.2022He actedso wellthat wehim fora realactor
30.（2022・湖南常德•统考中考真题）一Excuse me,could youplease tell me theband beginsplaying this afternoon——At threeoclock.
三、改写句子
31.（2022・上海・统考中考真题）When willwe goto the VR experiencecenter^^I asked the tourguide.（改为间接引语）I asked the tourguide wegoto theVRexperience centre.
32.（2022•黑龙江・统考中考真题）Has hefinished hishomework Do youknow（改为宾语从句）Do youknow hefinished hishomework
33.（2022•上海•模拟预测）“Have youfinished reading the comic strips99Lucy askedthe students（.改为间接弓I语）Lucy askedthe studentsthey finishedreadingthecomicstrips.
34.（2022・上海青浦•统考一模）The seniorofficer saidto thesoldiers,Dont fire without mypermission.^^（改为间接引语）The seniorofficer thesoldiers tofirewithouthis permission.（•上海静安,统考二模）（改为间接引语）
35.2022Do youoften goto art exhibitions^Tim askedLucy.Tim askedLucy sheoften toartexhibitions.
四、汉译英
36.（
2022.山东威海・中考真题）我发现我哥哥开车比以前小心多了
37.（
2022.辽宁营口•校考模拟预测）我相信我们的祖国会越来越强大
38.（
2022.江苏苏州•校考模拟预测）我认为你不应该和你的父母顶嘴
39.（
2022.四川内江.模拟预测）许多人知道重庆是中国最大的城市之一（.江苏扬州•校考二模）我很抱歉地得知您对这个机器人一点都不满意
40.2022（）I dont think thatyou areright.如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包
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2.括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）He told me that he wouldtake partinthehigh jump.He askedwhat timeit was.He toldmethat hewaspreparing forthe sportsmeet.如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态
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3.Our teachersaid thatJanuary isthe firstmonth ofthe year.方法技巧宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if,whether）替；特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序.宾语从句种类具体分述4引导的宾语从句
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1.that是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语that序不变在引导的宾语从句中，作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体that that中通常可以省略引导的宾语从句的用法
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1.at引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后
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2.that
①作及物动词，如等的宾语如say,think,tell,know,hear,see,hope,wish,remember,forget Shesays that她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语she willhelp melearn Englishthis evening.
②作介词的宾语连词引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在之后如that except,but,in.他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心He isa goodboy exceptthat he is careless
③作”形容词”结构的宾语某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如be+sure,glad,certain,pleased,等,连词可省略如我很高兴我通过了考试sorry,happy,afraid thatVm happythat Ipassed the exam.时态主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的
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3.谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态试比较.他说他想尽快见至」他He saysthat hewants tosee himas soonas possibleI他说他想尽快见至!他Hesaid thathewantedtosee himas soonas possible.J【特别提醒】当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制如老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转The teachertold usthat theearth goesround thesun.引导词可以省略的几种情况
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4.that引导宾语从句的连词通常可以省略that她说过要来开会的She saidthat shewould cometo themeeting.我答应你我会去的I promiseyou thatI willbe there.【注意】有时为了强调，引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时不可省略that that她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的That she isagood girlI know.引导词不能省略的几种情况:
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5.that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，不能省略that that
①从句的主语是时，不能省略；that that我们知道那是一部有趣的电影We knowthat isan interestingfilm,
②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that,但第二个从句的连词一般不可以省略如他告诉我that Hetoldmethat theycould notdecide whatto doand thatthey askedmy advice.他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见
③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略如对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人I knownothing abouthim exceptthatheis fromthe south.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置
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6.it如小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪We thoughtit strangethat XiaoZhang didnot comeyesterday.宾语从句的否定转移
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7.在等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意think,believe,suppose,expect思，却不用否定形式，而将等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移如think
①我认为今晚他不能来【误】I think he cantcome this evening.【正】I dontthinkhe cancomethisevening.
②他认为我们现在不在教室里【误】He doesntthink we are inthe classroomnow.【正】He thinkswearenot inthe classroomnow.【特别警示】含有否定转移”现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定如我认为他不对，是吗？I don,tthinkheisright,is he他认为我能来，是不是？He thinksI cancome,doesnt he如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词如等，其反意
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8.hardly,never,seldom,no,few,little疑问句要用肯定形式如We findthatheseldom goesto visithis mother,does he我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时,只变主句,不变从句实际上,我们经常把（据
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2.特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词等引导宾语从句when,who,what,where,whatever,how,which,why的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即”主语+谓语”词序
①带有系动词（）的特殊疑问句be is,am,are,was,were主句宾语从句你知道兹几岁吗？Do youknow how old Liz is我知道莉兹几岁I know how old Liz is.我不知道莉兹几岁I dontknow howoldLiz is.宾语从句是主句动词的宾语在从句中作副词注意从句的顺序，主语在动词howoldLizis”knowhow前（Lizis）
②带有（情态）助动词等的特殊疑问句is/am/are/have/has/can/should安什么时候去伊朗？When isAnn going to Iran你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？Do youknow whenAnn isgoing toIran一我不知道安什么时候去伊朗I dontknow whenAnn isgoingtoIran.我该怎么办？What shouldI do你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？—Can youtell me what I should do请告诉我，我该怎么办—Please tell mewhatIshoulddo.朗去了哪里？Where hasRon gone一你知道朗去了哪里吗？Do youknow whereRon hasgone一我不知道朗去了哪里I dontknow whereRon hasgone.
③带有助动词的特殊疑问句do/does/did我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？Where didI putmy weddingring你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？—Do youknow whereI putmy weddingring我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了—I dontremember whereI putmy weddingring.苏对露露的看法是什么What doesSue thinkabout Lulu一你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？Do youknow what Sue thinks about Lulu我知道苏对露露的看法是什么—I know whatSuethinksaboutLulu.注意
（1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序请看下列两组句子一How muchdoes this coat costIwant to knowhow muchthiscoatcosts.Where didyou goyesterday—Please tell me whereyou wentyesterday.
（2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整怎么了？一Whats wrong with youHe askedthe girl what waswrongwithher.怎么了？一Whats thematter Heaskedthegirlwhatwasthematter.一What has happened to him Wewant toknowwhathashappenedtohim.引导的宾语从句
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3.1f/whether当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用或引导宾语从句，意为是否if whetherif/whether说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚常用在see,ask,say,learn,tell,wonder,doubt,find out,be uncertain/doubtful/be等后，二者通常可以互换口语中多用代替在非正式的写作中，可以使用或not knownif whetherif whether两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准我想知道他是不是个司机I wonderif/whether heisadriver.爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了Alice wantstoknowif/whether shehas passedtheexam.【拓展】一般情况下，和可互换，在口语中多用而在以下几种情况下，只能用ifwhetherif,whether与连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择，特别是句中有时用不用
1.or or not whether,if我不知道他们是否会来I dontknow whetheror notthey willcome.Let meknow whetheryou cancome ornot.在动词不定式之前只能用
2.whether他不知道是否会去He doserftknow whetherto go ornot.请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里Please tellus whetherto gothere orstay here.Whether togoorstay isstill aquestion.在介词之后只能用引导宾语从句，而则不能
3.whether If那取决于我是否有足够的时间It dependson whetherI haveenough time.Success dependson whether we makeenough effort.宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用不用
4.whether,ifWhether thisis true,I cantsay.Whether heis single,I dontknow.在某些动词（如）之后，只能用而不用引导宾语从句
5.discuss,decide whether,if（虚拟语气）We discussedwhetherweshould closethe shop.在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用而不用
6.if,whetherHe askedme ifI hadntfinished mywork.注意否定句用引导因为意为相信，不怀疑，是否表示疑虑doubt thatdorft doubtif宾语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句因此学生要熟练掌握宾语从句的用法中考考查重点引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；
1.宾语从句的语序；
2.宾语从句的时态
3.典例解析一
1.Do youknow一At9:00tomorrow morning.A.when the video meetingbeganB.when didthe video meeting beginC.when thevideomeetingwill beginD.when willthevideomeeting begin【答案】c【解析】——句意你知道视频会议什么时候开始吗——明天上午九点考查宾语从句问句是一个含宾语从句的复合句，宾语从句中从句语序应该为陈述句语序，因此排除B和D；根据答语“At9oclock tomorrowmorning了可知询问的应该是将来的事，用一般将来时，选项是一般过去时，故选A C
2.The policemanaskedthelittle boyif hishome.A.he couldfind B.could hefind C.hecan find【答案】A【解析】句意警察问那个小男孩能否找到他的家考查宾语从句他能找到，陈述语序；he couldfind couldhe他能找到，疑问语序；他能找到，陈述语序分析句子结构可知此处是引导的宾语从句，宾find hecanfindif语从句要用陈述语序，排除结合主句中可知主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去时态，排除B,“asked”C故选Ao限时检测
一、单项选择
1.（2022・云南昆明•统考中考真题）一Could youplease tellme when they meetforthefirst timeinChina一They usuallyshake hands.A.what dopeople usuallydo B.what people usually doC.where dopeopleusually go D.where peopleusuallygo
2.（
2022.湖北武汉・统考中考真题）—Can youtellme一To getpractical skills.A.what do you learnabout safetyB.when doyou havethe artfestivalC.how youbalance yourstudies andhobbies D.why youlearn cookingat school
3.（2022・江苏宿迁•统考中考真题）一Jenny,doyouknow一Er,next Tuesday.A.whenthe sports meetingwill takeplace B.when willthe sports meeting takeplaceC.where thesportsmeetingwill takeplace D.where willthesportsmeeting takeplace（•广西梧州•统考中考真题）一
4.2022Mr.Brown,could youtellmeour Chineseexam一Sure.It willbe inRoom
201.A.when willwe haveB.where willwe haveC.when wewill haveD.where wewill have
5.（2022・广西贵港・统考中考真题）一I wonder.一Im notsure.Maybe yes.A.if has Dave got his drivers licenseB・how longhasDavegot his drivers licenseC・if Dave has gothisdriverslicenseD.how longDavehasgothisdriverslicense（•四川乐山•统考中考真题）一
6.2022Hi,Jack.Do youknow Iwanttothank himor herin person.——No,it wasjust lefton thefront desk.A.who sentmy walletbackB・where didthey findmy walletC-how muchmoney wasin mywallet
7.（2022・湖南岳阳・统考中考真题）They wonder.A.if robotswill thinklike ahuman in25to50yearsB.if willrobots thinklike ahuman in25to50yearsC.when robotswill thinklike ahuman in25to50years（•四川广元•统考中考真题）一一
8.2022The2022Winter Olympicswas held in China.Do youknow Yes.In BeijingandZhangjiakou.A.when it was heldB.when was it heldC.which citieswasitheld inD.which citiesitwasheldin（.湖南怀化•统考中考真题）一
9.2022Doyouknow一She isa teacher.A.What isLindas jobB.What Lindas job isC.What wasLindasjob（•江苏无锡•统考中考真题）一
10.2022There willbearobot onshow inour schoolnext week.一Really I wonder.A.what it likes B.what itis likeC.what doesit likeD.what isitlike（•黑龙江牡丹江•统考中考真题）一
11.2022IwonderDr.Li willbe atwork tomorrow,sir.一Im notsure.He isvolunteering ina community.A.how B.if C.why（•江苏镇江•统考中考真题）
12.2022SHENZHOU-14was liftedoff successfully!Could youtellmeA.in whichcentreit willbe liftedoffB,who enteredChina SpaceStation thistimeC.what willit meantothedevelopment ofChinaD.that threeastronauts enteredChina SpaceStation
13.（2022•山东济南・统考中考真题）一Excuse me.I amnew here.Can youtellme一Sure.Go straightand youwill seeit onyour left.A.where isthe nearest cinema B.where wasthe nearest cinemaC.where thenearestcinemais D.where thenearestcinemawas（］胡匕荆州•统考中考真题）一
14.2022J Iam worriedI canenter agood highschool ornot.。
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