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专项一词汇重难点非谓语动词
101.动词不定式
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1.动词不定式的形式:基本形式为o+动词原形，否定形式为“not to+动词原形”例上课不迟到是非常重要的Its importantnot tobe latefor class.
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2.动词不定式的功能（）动词不定式作状语作状语时，一般在句中作目的状语、结果状语和原因状语1例.我们需要更多的钱来改善伦敦的交通状况We needmore moneyto improvetransport inLondon
（2）动词不定式作主语常用it作形式主语，真正作主语的不定式后置常用句型为力tis+adj.+（of/forsb.）to dosth.例在这个小镇上要找到路很不容易Its noteasy tofind yourway aroundthe town.
（3）动词不定式作宾语常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有想要同意负担得起would like/want toagree toafford to希望决定承诺hope/wish todecide topromise to继续期望拒绝continue toexpect torefuse to（）动词不定式作宾语补足语常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词4告诉某人做某事警告某人做某事tell sb.to do sth.warn sb.to do sth..邀请某人做某事允许某人做某事invite sb.to do sth allowsb.to do sth..期望某人做某事建议某人做某事expect sb.to do sth advisesb.to do sth.
（5）动词不定式作定语作定语时常放在修饰词后，作后置定语例我想不出任何好的建议给她I cantthink ofany goodadvice togive hen
（6）动词不定式作表语常放于be动词后例我的工作是照顾这个婴儿My jobis tolook afterthe baby.L
3.“疑问词+动词不定式”结构动词不定式可以与疑问代词及疑问副词等连用，构成不定式短语，who,whom,what,which,whose when,where,how在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等我不矢口道怎样回至村子I didntknow how to getback to the village.L
4.常见省略to的动词不定式结构.最好做某事.宁愿做某事had betterdo sthwould ratherdo sth,只好做某事为什么不做某事cannot butdo sthWhynotdo sth.
2.动名词
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1.动名词的功能enjoy喜欢finish完成keepon保持mind介意advise建议suggest建议practice练习admit承认feel like想要cant help禁不住imagine想象avoid避免动名词作动词的宾语常接动名词作宾语的动词短语有:1作介词的宾语介词后用动名词作宾语2例顾客在她的餐馆里吃过饭以后，很快就After eatingin herrestaurant peoplewould becometired veryquickly.会感到疲乏动名词作定语置于被修饰词之前，表明被修饰词的用途、性质等3例她在候车室She isin thewaiting room.例我们买台洗衣机吧Lets buya washingmachine.动名词作主语表示一种概念、习惯或经验，常用作形式主语，把动名词置于句尾4it玩电脑游戏很有趣It isfun playingcomputer games.动名词作表语5例他最喜欢的运动是打篮球His favoritesports is playing basketball.
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2.动词不定式与动名词作宾语的区别部分动词后接动词不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大记得去做某事记得做过某事remember to do sth.remember doingsth.忘记去做某事忘记做过某事forget todosth.forget doingsth.遗憾去做某事未做某事而遗憾后悔做了某事做了某事而后悔regret todosth.regret doingsth..设法尽力做某事试着做某事try todosthtry doingsth.,停下当前事去做另一件事.停止当前事stop todosthstop doingsth
3.现在分词、过去分词分词有现在分词和过去分词两种分词的句法功能如下:功能说明例句定语For example,there arealready robotsworking in修饰语与被修饰词为主动关系或动作正在进行.例如，已经有机器人在工厂里工作了用现在分词；反之，为被动关系或动作已完成factories他是一个受大家爱戴的人用过去分词单个分词作定语放在所修饰词前，He is a manloved byall.分词短语作定语放在修饰词后状语与主语为主动关系用现在分词；与主语为被动因为病了,所以她待在家Being ill,she stayedat home.关系用过去分词里.Given anotherhour,I canalso workout thisproblem再给我一个小时，我也能做出这道题补足语宾语与补足语为主动关系或表不动作正在进行.不要让学生们Dont havethe studentsstudying allday用现在分词；宾语与补足语为被动关系、动作整天学习他发He foundhis hometowngreatly changed.已完成或动作他人完成用过去分词现他的家乡变化很大非谓语动词是历年中考必考知识点从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等所占分值通常为分从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用非谓语动词的能力2〜4中考考查重点动词不定式；动名词；分词（现在分词和过去分词）
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3.非谓语动词指不能单独作谓语，但同时仍保留动词某些特征的动词形式非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）典例解析
1.（2022・四川广安•统考中考真题）They needto（筹集）enough moneyto builda new school.【答案】raise【详解】句意他们需要筹集足够的资金来建造一所新学校筹集.“需要做某事动词不raise,need todosth定式作宾语故填raise
3.2022Vm afraidT mightlose mybest friend,and IHtry tor ourrelationship.【答案】（r）epair【详解】句意我害怕我可能会失去我最好的朋友，我会努力修复我们的关系repair修复，try todosth6^力做某事”，故填（）r epair
一、单项选择（•贵州黔东南•统考中考真题）
1.2022An oldman on the sideof theroad wasfound,and hewassent tothe hospitalby the bus driverand passengersimmediately.A.lies;dies B.lay;died C.lain;dead D.lying;dying（•天津•统考中考真题）
2.2022The paintingis reallyvaluable tohim.He willnever agreeit.A.sell B.sells C.sold D.to sell（•重庆•统考中考真题）
3.2022Mr.Brown toldhis sonnot thepaintings in the museum.A.touch B.to touchC.touching D.touched（•江苏连云港.统考中考真题）
4.2022Kitty,these booksare heavyfor youcarry.Let mehelpyou.A.as...as B.too...to C.such...that D.so...that（•重庆•统考中考真题）
5.2022The newyear iscoming.Teachers encourageus newhobbies.A.develop B.developing C.to developD.developed
6.（2022・江苏扬，,卜I.统考中考真题）the peoplelocked inside,the firemenbroke downthe door.A.Reach B.To reachC.Reaching D.To reaching（•江苏宿迁•统考中考真题）一
7.2022Miss Li,can youtell mehowto improve mywriting skillsA.to keepB・keeping C.kept D.keeps一Certainly.I adviseyou adiary inEnglish everyday.（•江苏连云港,统考中考真题）
8.2022We learnedto workas ateam bycompleting thetask.A.what B.which C.how D.who
9.（2022・云南•统考中考真题）If youwant yourpronunciation,keep onpracticing everyday.A.improve B.improved C.improving D.toimprove（•四川达州•统考中考真题）
10.2022The localgovernment advisespeople toother placesit isnotnecessary duringthe pandemic.A.travel;unless B.to nottravel;if C.not totravel;unless D.not totravel;if
11.（2022•四川达州,统考中考真题）一Hurry up,Jason!We9re goingtothecinema,but theclothes stillneed—Dont worry.I thinkthirty minutesenough.A.washing;are B.to wash;are C.to wash;is D.washing;is（•云南昆明•统考中考真题）
12.2022Boys andgirls,good luckand wishyou goodgrades onyour newjourney!A.cutting B.to cutC.getting D.to get（•黑龙江绥化•统考中考真题）
13.2022Holly prefersplaying thepiano tothe violin.Listen!Shethe pianoin herroom.A.play;is playingB.playing;plays C.playing;isplaying
14.（2022•四川遂宁•统考中考真题）一The artfestival iscoming.It9sagood chanceto showourselves.—You arevery goodat.And youwill bethe mostpopular star.A.singing B.sing C.to singD.sang（内蒙古包头•统考中考真题）
15.2022♦Nancy didntknow anyonein thenewschool,so shedecided tojoin anafter-school clubsome newfriends.A,to meetB.meet C.met D.meets
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空（•甘肃定西•统考中考真题）（）
16.2022The teacherasked thestudents circlethe correctanswer.（•甘肃定西•统考中考真题）（）
17.2022More andmore youngpeople enjoyread poems.（•江苏淮安•统考中考真题）（）
18.2022Miss Gaois preparinga talkon howsolve teenagerproblems.
19.（
2022.内蒙古包头•统考中考真题）1remember mykey intomy bag,but nowit9s notthere!（put）
20.（2022•上海・统考中考真题）The journalisthoped tothe braveact ofthe fireman.（reporter）
三、完成句子（.广东广州.统考中考真题）凯特计划参加学校科学日活动
21.2022Kate wasplanning tothe activitiesontheschool ScienceDay.（.贵州贵阳.统考中考真题）做往往比说更重要
22.2022something isusually moreimportant thanto saysomething.（.重庆.统考中考真题）那位岁的女士足够勇敢，从湖里救起了一位小伙子（完成译句）
23.202262The62-year-old ladywas bravesave ayoung maninthelake.
24.（2022•辽宁鞍山•统考中考真题）你所说的似乎有道理What yousaid seemsto.（.贵州六盘水.统考中考真题）初中生每天有小时的睡眠时间是有必要的
25.20229Ifs forjunior studentssleep fbr9hours.
四、单词填空
26.（2022•江苏苏州・统考中考真题）You cantmake muchprogress instudy withoutm yourtime well.（•四川自贡•统考中考真题）
27.2022Mary lostthe speechcompetition andshe isunhappy.Lefs goto cherup.（•四川•统考中考真题）
28.2022I waswaiting forthebuswhen therainstorm cameand itbegan tor heavily.（•四川自贡•统考中考真题）
29.2022Wild animalsare our friends.Its ourduty top them,for wecantlive withoutthem.
30.（2022・广西贵港•统考中考真题）Our teacherasked usto（描述）ourfriendsin classyesterday.。
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