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专项四复合句重难点21宾语从句.宾语从句的种类1宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类由引导的宾语从句只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略
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1.that thatHe said that he wanted to stayat home.由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句这些连接
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2.who,whom,whose,what,which when,where,why,how代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分Do youknow whowhom theyare waitingforI dontknow whythe trainis late.由或引导的宾语从句和在句中的意思是是否
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3.if whetherif whetherI want to know if whether helives there..宾语从句的语序2宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序,即按照主语、谓语的顺序陈述句变为宾语从句,语序不变,即仍用陈述语序
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1.一He is an honest boy.The teachersaid.The teachersaidthat he was anhonestboy.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句,语序变为陈述语序
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2.一Does hework hardI wonder.I wonderif/whether heworks hard.宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题
3.如果主句是现在的某种时态包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时,那么宾语从句的时态可根
3.L据实际情况而定I rememberhe gaveme abook yesterday.He hastold me that hellleave fbrNew Yorktomorrow.A.if robotswill thinklike ahuman in25to50yearsB・if willrobots thinklike ahuman in25to50yearsC.when robotswill thinklike ahuman in25to50years【答案】A【详解】句意他们想知道是否在到年之后机器人会像人一样思考2550考查宾语从句动词后是宾语从句,是陈述句的语序,即“引导词+主语+谓语动词”的语序错误“wonde1B根据可知宾语从句表达的含义不确定,用引导从句选项wonder”“if A“if robotswill thinklike ahuman in25to50years”,表达“是否在25到50年之后机器人会像人一样思考”,符合题意故选A(•四川广元•统考中考真题)一
8.2022The2022Winter Olympicswas held in China.Do youknow一Yes.In Beijingand Zhangjiakou.A.when it was heldB.when was it heldC.which citieswasitheld inD.which citiesit washeldin【答案】D【详解】句意年冬奥会在中国举行你知道它在哪些城市举行吗?——是的在北京和张家——2022□o考查宾语从句根据可知,本句是宾语从句,需用陈述语序,可排除选项;再根据“Do youknow”BC InBeijing可知,此处是询问的是地点,在哪些地方举办故选and Zhangjiakou.”D
9.(2022・湖南怀化・统考中考真题)一Do youknow一She is a teacher.A.What isLindas jobB.What Lindas job isC.What wasLindasjob【答案】B【详解】句意——你知道琳达的工作是什么吗?——她是一名教师考查宾语从句宾语从句要用陈述句语序,排除选项,主句是一般现在时,从句时态不受限制,结合回答A/C可知,询问现在的情况,应用一般现在时,故选B
10.(2022・江苏无锡•统考中考真题)一There will be arobot onshow inour school next week.一Really I wonder.A.what it likes B.what itis likeC.what doesit likeD.what isitlike【答案】B【详解】句意——下周将有一个机器人在我们学校展出——真的?我想知道它是什么样的考查宾语从句此句是宾语从句,从句用陈述语序,排除选项C、D;根据“There will be arobot onshow inour可知,询问机器人是什么样子,故选schoolnextweek.”B(•黑龙江牡丹江•统考中考真题)一
11.2022I wonderDr.Li will be atwork tomorrow,sir.—Fm not sure.He isvolunteering ina community.A.how B.if C.why【答案】B【详解】句意——先生,不知道李医生明天是否在上班——我不确定他在一个社区做志愿者考查宾语从句如何;是否;为什么根据可知,对方是问李医生是否在上班故选how ifwhy Fm notsure.”B(•江苏镇江•统考中考真题)
12.2022SHENZHOU-14was liftedoff successfully!Could youtell meA.in whichcentre itwillbelifted offB・who enteredChina SpaceStation thistimeC.what willit meanto thedevelopment ofChinaD.that threeastronauts enteredChina SpaceStation【答案】B【详解】句意神舟号成功发射了!你能告诉我这次是谁进入了中国空间站吗?14考查宾语从句宾语从句用陈述语序连接词+主语+谓语,据此排除选项,选项形式错误,排除;此句是C A询问对方一件事情,选项不符合,故选D B(•山东济南•统考中考真题)一
13.2022Excuse me.I amnew here.Can youtell me——Sure.Go straightand youwill seeit onyour left.A.where isthe nearest cinema B.where was the nearest cinemaC.where the nearestcinemais D.where thenearestcinemawas【答案】c【详解】句意——打扰一下我是新来的你能告诉我最近的电影院在哪里吗?——当然直走,你就会看到它在你的左边考查宾语从句tell后缺少直接宾语,用宾语从句,宾语从句用陈述语序,排除AB;再由“Can youtell me…”可知主现从不限,此处问电影院的位置,用一般现在时,排除故选D C
14.(2022・湖北荆州•统考中考真题)一I amworried I can entera goodhigh schoolor not.—Work hardand trustin yourself.A.why B.what C-whether D.where【答案】C【详解】句意——我担心能否进入好高中——努力工作,相信自己考查宾语从句为什么;什么“;是否,是否;哪里根据why”what whether”whether…or notwhere Workhard可知,我担心我能否进入一所好的高中故选and trustin yourself.Co(•山东滨州•统考中考真题)
15.2022—Do youknow一Yes.We shouldtry towaste lessbut recyclemore.A・how canwe livea greenlife B.how wecan livea greenlifeC.why shouldwe livea greenlife D.when weshould livea greenlife【答案】B【详解】句意——你知道我们如何过绿色生活吗?——是的我们应该尽量少浪费,多回收利用考查宾语从句根据”可知,此处是宾语从句,需用陈述语序,可排除选项;再根据“D youknow…AC“We should可知这是过绿色生活的方式,用引导宾语从句故选try towaste lessbut recyclemore.”I,how B
16.(2022・广西河池•统考中考真题)一David,could youtell me——He istall andhas shorthair.A.what our new P.E.teacher lookslikeB・what ournew P.E.teacher likesC-where ournew P.E.teacher comesfromD.when ournew P.E.teacher wasborn【答案】A【详解】句意——你可以告诉我我们新来的体育老师长什么样吗?——他个子很高,短头发考查宾语从句我们新来的体育老师长什么样;what ournew P.E.teacher lookslike whatournew P.E.teacher likes我们新来的体育老师喜欢什么;我们新来的体育老师从哪里来;where ournew P.E.teacher comesfrom whenour我们新来的体育老师什么时候出生的根据答句可知他个子newP.E.teacher wasborn“He istall andhas shorthair.”很高,短头发可推测问题应是询问我们新来的体育老师长什么样故选A(•上海•模拟预测)一
17.2022The tabletennis matchis soexciting.The oppositeteam isreally strong.一Yes,but Inever doubtour teamwill win.A.if B.that C.whether D.why【答案】B【详解】句意——乒乓球比赛真让人兴奋对方的队伍真的很强大——是的,但是我从不怀疑我们队会题考查宾语从句如果;无意义;是否;为什么根据可知此句用引导,if thatwhether why...our teamwill win.”that无意义,不作成分故选B(•上海•统考二模)
18.2022My dadpromised onhis birthdaythat hesmoking in thenear future.A.will giveup B.would giveup C.gave upD.had givenup【答案】B【详解】句意我爸爸在他的生日上承诺,在不久的将来他将会戒烟考查宾语从句中的动词时态根据从句中时间状语可知用一般将来时,但主句是一般过去式,in thenearfuture根据宾语从句“主过从必过”原则,所以从句的一般将来时要变成过去将来时结构故选(•would do B o
19.2022重庆•校联考一模)Her motherhopes bea dancerin thefuture.A.her toB.her canC.she canD.she to【答案】C【详解】句意她妈妈希望她将来能成为一名舞者考查宾语从句句子谓语动词“希望”后接从句或动词不定式作宾语,但没有.的结构,故hopes hopesb.to do sth排除选项A;本句话为省略引导词that的宾语从句,从句主语为“她,用主格she,排除选项B;D项中to be为非谓语,此处应使用谓语故选can be,C
20.(2022•江苏淮安・校考一模)一I amhaving someproblems withmy son.He seemsto sayno toI say.——Its necessaryfor youtwo tohave morecommunication.A.whenever B.however C.whatever D.wherever【答案】C【详解】句意——我和我儿子之间出了点问题他似乎对我说的任何话都说不——你们两个有必要多交流考查连词无论何时;无论怎样;无论什么;无论哪里;根据whenever howeverwhatever whereverHe seemsto say可知,儿子对我说的任何事情都说不,此处应用作的宾语,故选no to...I say.“whatever sayCo(•北京•模拟预测)
21.2022There is no useto askfault itis.What weshould dois tosolve theproblem.A.who B.whose C.what D.which【答案】B【详解】句意问是谁的错没有用我们应该做的是解决这个问题考查宾语从句引导词谁;谁的;什么;哪个根据可知,后接宾语从who whose what which“ask…fault itis”ask句,引导词作定语修饰名词fault”,表示“谁的错误”,用whose故选B
22.(2022•山东荷泽・校联考一模)一I wonder.一Their strongwill andlove for the countrybring themcourage.A.why these medical workersrisked theirlives tofight thevirusB-what didthesemedicalworkers dofor thewhole countryC.if thesevolunteers wereworriedD.what thesevolunteers helpedwith【答案】A【详解】句意——我想知道为什么这些医务人员冒着生命危险与病毒作斗争——他们对国家的坚强意志和热爱给他们带来了勇气考查宾语从句根据英语语法,宾语从句应用陈述句语序,选项可排除根据答句可B“Their strongwill andlove”知,问句问的是“为什么这些医务人员冒着生命危险与病毒作斗争”,故选A
23.(2022・辽宁盘锦・统考中考真题)He asked.A・how wasthe weathertodayB・where Gracerides abikeC.when WangYaping returnedto theearthD.that Bryanplayed soccerwell【答案】c【详解】句意他问王亚平什么时候返回地球考查宾语从句根据可知,该句是含有宾语从句的复合句,宾语从句要用陈述句语序,排除项;主“He asked”A句时态为一般过去时、从句也要用过去时态,排除项;再根据可知,其后通常接疑问词引导的宾语从B asked”句,排除项故选D C(•四川达州•统考中考真题)一
24.2022I wonderlate forschool yesterday.一Bad luck!I got up late and missedthe bus.A.how youwere B.why wereyou C.how wereyou D.why youwere【答案】D【详解】句意——我想知道你昨天为什么上学迟到了——运气太差了!我起晚了,没赶上公共汽车考查宾语从句宾语从句需用陈述语序,排除BC;根据力gotuplateandmissed thebus.“可知,此处解释迟到的原因,故选D
25.(2022・辽宁营口•校考模拟预测)We haven5t decided.A.that wewill repairour houseB.when didwe go to thepartyC・where wewent onvacation D.whether wewill keepa pet【答案】D【详解】句意我们还没有决定是否要养宠物考查宾语从句此句是宾语从句,从句用陈述语序,排除选项选项是一般过去时,主句也要用过去的某B C种时态,而主句havent decided是现在完成时结构,排除C;由haven戈decided可知,引导词用whether最合语境故选D
二、单词填空(•浙江杭州•统考二模)
26.2022I didntknow wbaseball itis,so Ijust put it in the Lost and Found.【答案】(w)hose【详解】句意我不知道这是谁的棒球,所以我把它放在了失物招领处根据和首putitintheLostandFound”字母可知,把棒球放在失物招领处,是因为不知道是谁的“谁的其后跟名词故填()(•whosewhose
27.2022四川成者•模拟预测)B Pleasereply beforeFriday andtell mew you can come to my party or not.【答案】whether【详解】句意请在周五前回复我,并告诉我你是否能来我的派对根据可知,“you can cometomypartyor not.”此处表达请在周五前回复我,你是否能来我的派对,亡是否“,引导宾语从句故填whether…ornowhetherwhethero
28.(2022・广西・统考二模)I willdo(无论什么)you wish.【答案】whatever【详解】句意我可做任何你想我做的事根据汉语提示可知,此空指“无论什么引导宾语从句故whatever填whatevero(•江苏•统考二模).(误以为)
29.2022He actedso wellthat wehim fora realactor【答案】mistook【详解】句意他演得那么好,我们误以为他是真正的演员根据汉语提示可知,把……误认为、又mistake根据可知,从句也用一般过去时态,因此动词填过去式故填acted”mistook(]胡南常德•统考中考真题)一
30.2022Excuse me,could youplease tell me theband beginsplaying this afternoon一At threeoclock.【答案】when【详解】句意——打扰一下,你能告诉我今天下午乐队什么时候开始演奏吗?——在点钟根据答语3“At three可知,是询问乐队开始演奏的时间,用引导宾语从句,故填oclock”when when
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31.(2022•上海,统考中考真题)When willwe goto the VR experiencecenter,,I asked the tourguide.(改为间接引语)I asked the tourguide we goto theVR experience centre.【答案】when would【详解】句意“我们什么时候去体验中心?”我问导游改为间接引语、可用引导宾语从句,从句VR when使用陈述语序,遵循“主过从必过”原则根据可知,去体验“When willwegoto theVRexperiencecenter”VR中心发生在将来,结合可知,主句时态是一般过去时,从句应为过去将来时,即动词原形故填“asked”would+when;wouldo
32.(2022•黑龙江・统考中考真题)Has hefinished hishomework Do youknow(改为宾语从句)Do youknow hefinished hishomework【答案】if/whether has【详解】句意他完成作业了吗?你知道吗?原句可表示“你知道他是否完成作业了吗?“,用引导,if/whether助动词has不变故填if/whether;has
33.(2022・上海•模拟预测)“Have youfinished reading the comic strips”Lucy askedthestudents.(改为间接弓I语)Lucy askedthe studentsthey finishedreadingthecomicstrips.【答案】if/whether had【详解】句意:“你看完连环画了吗?问学生们直接引语是疑问句,改为宾语从句用引导词或“Lucy if whether表示“是否”,从句用陈述语序主句是一般过去时,遵循“主过从必过”原则,从句用过去完成时asked”“had+done”的结构,故填if/whether;had
34.(2022・上海青浦•统考一模)The seniorofficer said to thesoldiers,“Dont fire without mypermission.(改为间接引语)The seniorofficer thesoldiers tofirewithouthis permission.【答案】told/ordered not【详解】句意高级军官对士兵们说“没有我的允许,不要开火改为间接引语,直接引语中出现间saidto,接引语应该改为told或ordered;直接引语为祈使句,间接引语要用动词不定式,否定not要放在动词不定式前,即told/ordered sbnot to dosth故填told/ordered;noto
35.(2022・上海静安・统考二模)Do youoften goto art exhibitions”Tim askedLucy.(改为间接弓「语)Tim askedLucy sheoften toartexhibitions.[答案】if/whether went【详解】句意“你经常去看艺术展吗?“蒂姆问露西由直接引语是一般疑问句可知,要用连接前if/whether后两句;根据可知,主句为一般过去时,因此从句也要用过去时态,此处用一般过去时,动词“Tim askedLucy”go变为wento故填if/whether;wento
四、汉译英(.山东威海.中考真题)我发现我哥哥开车比以前小心多了
36.2022【答案】()I find/found thatmy brotherdrives/drove muchmore carefully than before/than heused to.【详解】我,发现,我哥哥,开车小心多了,I findmy brotherdrive muchmore carefully”than before/than he比以前根据语境,可用一般现在时或一般过去时故填()used to”I find/found thatmy brotherdrives/drove muchmorecarefullythanbefore/than heused to.(.辽宁营口.校考模拟预测)我相信我们的祖国会越来越强大
37.2022[答案]()I believe/Im sure/certain thatour countrywillbe/become strongerand stronger.【详解】“我相信;“我们的祖国“;“变得”,后接形容词作表I believe/rm sure/certain our country become语;“强大的”,固定搭配比较级比较级,表示“越来越根据句子结构,原句是一个宾语从句,strong+and+从句是肯定句,用引导词(可省略),且从句是表示将来要发生的动作,句子用一般将来时故答案为:that Ibelieve()/Im sure/certain thatourcountrywillbe/become strongerand strongero
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40.(2022・江苏扬州•校考二模)我很抱歉地得知您对这个机器人一点都不满意[答案]Fm sorryto knowthat you are notsatisfied withthe robotat all.【详解】根据句意可知此处是个含宾语从句的复合句,主从句都用一般现在时“我很抱歉地得知Im sorrytoknow,后接that引导的宾语从句;您you;对满意be satisfiedwith,主语you后用be动词are;”一点者E不not...atall;”这个机器人the roboto故填Im sorryto knowthat youare notsatisfied withthe robotat all.I dontthink thatyouareright.如果主句是过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时),那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态
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2.(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)He told me that he wouldtake partinthehigh jump.He askedwhat timeit was.He toldmethat hewaspreparing forthe sportsmeet.如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态
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3.Our teachersaid thatJanuary isthe firstmonth ofthe year.方法技巧宾语从句须注意,几点事项应牢记一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异引导还用疑问词特殊问句更好办,二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态向前移三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether潜.宾语从句种类具体分述4引导的宾语从句
5.Lthat是宾语从句的一个引导词,放在主句和从句之间它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来,故从句that的语序不变在引导的宾语从句中,作连接代词,无意义,在句中不作任何成分,在口语或非正式的that that文体中通常可以省略引导的宾语从句的用法
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1.that位置引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)、介词或形容词之后
4.LLL that
①作及物动词,如:等的宾语如:say,think,tell,know,hear,see,hope,wish,remember,forget Shesays that she她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语will helpme learnEnglish this evening.
②作介词的宾语连词引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语,只用在之后如that except,but,in Heisagood.他是一个好男孩,只是有点儿粗心boy exceptthat he is careless
③作”形容词”结构的宾语某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句,如be+sure,glad,certain,pleased,sorry,happy,afraid等,连词that可省略$0Tm happythat Ipassed the exam.我很高兴我通过了考试主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态;主句的
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1.谓语动词是一般过去时,从句中也必须用过去的某种时态试比较.他说他想尽快见至他He saysthat hewants tosee himas soonas possibleU.他说他想尽快见至他Hesaid thathewantedtosee himas soonas possible【特别提醒】当主句是一般过去时,而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时,此时宾语从句用一般现在时,这些情况下不受主句时态的限制如老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转The teachertold usthat theearth goesround thesun.词可以省略的几种情况
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2.that引导宾语从句的连词通常可以省略that她说过要来开会的She saidthatshewould cometothemeeting.我答应你我会去的I promiseyou thatI willbe there.【注意】有时为了强调,引导的宾语从句可位于句首,此时不可省略that that她是一个好姑娘,我是知道的That sheisagood girlI know.引导词不能省略的几种情况
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4.that在引导宾语从句时,并不是在任何情况下都可以省略,在以下几种情况下,不能省略that that
①从句的主语是时,不能省略;that that我们知道那是一部有趣的电影We knowthat isan interestingfilm.
②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时,有时省去第一个从句的连词that,但第二个从句的连词——般不可以省略如他告诉that Hetoldmethat theycould notdecide whattodoand thatthey askedmy advice.我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见
③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时,that不能省略如对他我一无所知,只知道他是南方人I knownothing abouthim exceptthatheis fromthe south.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语,则用作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置
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5.it如小张昨天没来,我们觉得很奇怪We thoughtit strangethat XiaoZhang didnot comeyesterday.宾语从句的否定转移
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6.在等动词后的宾语从句,当主句的主语是第一人称时,谓语尽管是否定的意think,believe,suppose,expect思,却不用否定形式,而将等动词变为否定形式,英语称这种现象为否定转移如think
①我认为今晚他不能来【误】I think he cantcome thisevening.【正】I dontthink he cancomethisevening.
②他认为我们现在不在教室里【误】He doesntthink we are inthe classroomnow.【正】He thinkswearenot inthe classroomnow.【特别警示】含有“否定转移”现象的句子,主句的主语必须是第一人称,此时,变成反意疑问句,附加问句要由从句来决定;如果主句的主语是其他人称,附加问句要由主句来决定如我认为他不对,是吗?I dontthinkheis right,is he他认为我能来,是不是?He thinksIcancome,doesnt he如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词如等,其
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7.hardly,never,seldom,no,few,little反意疑问句要用肯定形式如We findthatheseldom goesto visithis mother,does he我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈,是吗?引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时,只变主句,不变从句实际上,我们经常把(据
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2.特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,由疑问词等引导宾语从句when,who,what,where,whatever,how,which,why的词序一律用陈述句的词序,即”主语+谓语”词序
①带有系动词()的特殊疑问句be is,am,are,was,were主句宾语从句你知道兹几岁吗?Do youknow how old Liz is我知道莉兹几岁I know howold Liz is.我不知道莉兹几岁I dontknowhowold Lizis.宾语从句n howoldLizisn是主句动词know的宾语how在从句中作副词注意从句的顺序,主语在动词前Lizis
②带有情态助动词等的特殊疑问句is/am/are/have/has/can/should安什么时候去伊朗?When isAnn going to Iran一你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗?Do youknow whenAnn isgoing toIran我不知道安什么时候去伊朗—I dontknow whenAnn isgoingtoIran.我该怎么办?What shouldI do你能告诉我,我该怎么办吗?—Can youtell me what I should do请告诉我,我该怎么办—Please tell mewhatIshoulddo.朗去了哪里?Where hasRon gone一你知道朗去了哪里吗?Do youknow whereRon hasgone一我不知道朗去了哪里I dontknow whereRon hasgone.
③带有助动词的特殊疑问句do/does/did我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了?Where didI putmy weddingring你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗?—Do youknow whereI putmy weddingring一我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了I dontremember whereI putmy weddingring.苏对露露的看法是什么?What doesSue thinkabout Lulu一你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗?Do youknow what Sue thinks about Lulu一我知道苏对露露的看法是什么I know whatSuethinksaboutLulu.注意由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序,故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序请看下列两组句子1一How muchdoes this coat costI want to knowhow muchthiscoatcosts.Where didyou goyesterday—Please tellme whereyou wentyesterday.当疑问代词、在特殊疑问句中作主语时,该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序,所以当该句用2what who来作宾语时,语序不需要调整怎么了?一Whats wrong with youHe askedthe girl what waswrongwithher.怎么了?一Whafs thematter Heaskedthegirlwhatwasthematter.一What has happened to him Wewant toknowwhathashappenedtohim.引导的宾语从句
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3.1f/whether当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时,常用或引导宾语从句,意为是否”if whetherif/whether说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚常用在see,ask,say,learn,tell,wonder,doubt,find out,be uncertain/doubtful/be等后,二者通常可以互换口语中多用代替在非正式的写作中,可以使用或not knownif whetherifwhether两个词来表达不定性,两者都算标准我想知道他是不是个司机I wonderif/whether heisadriver.爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了Alice wantstoknowif/whether shehas passedtheexam.【拓展】一般情况下,和可互换,在口语中多用而在以下几种情况下,只能用ifwhetherif,whether与连用分别引导两个从句时,或强调两方面的选择,特别是句中有时用不用
1.or or not whether,if我不知道他们是否会来I dontknow whetheror notthey willcome.Let meknow whetheryoucancome ornot.在动词不定式之前只能用
2.whethero他不知道是否会去He dosen^know whetherto go ornot.请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里Please tellus whetherto gothere orstay here.Whether togoorstay isstill aquestion.在介词之后只能用引导宾语从句,而则不能
3.whether If那取决于我是否有足够的时间It dependson whetherI haveenough time.Success dependson whether we makeenough effort.宾语从句置于句首表示强调时,用不用
4.whether,ifWhether thisis true,I cantsay.Whether heis single,I dontknow.在某些动词(如)之后,只能用而不用引导宾语从句
5.discuss,decide whether,if(虚拟语气)We discussedwhetherweshould closethe shop..在引导否定概念宾语从句时,只能用而不用6if,whetherHe askedme ifI hadntfinished mywork.注意否定句用引导因为、意为相信,不怀疑,是否表示疑虑doubt thatdon doubtif宾语从句是中考必考考点之一,主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序,有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句因此学生要熟练掌握宾语从句的用法中考考查重点引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择;
1.宾语从句的语序;
2.宾语从句的时态
3.典例解析一
1.Do youknow一At9:00tomorrow morning.A.when the video meetingbeganB.when didthe video meeting beginC.when thevideomeetingwill beginD.when willthevideomeeting begin【答案】C【解析】——句意你知道视频会议什么时候开始吗——明天上午九点考查宾语从句问句是一个含宾语从句的复合句,宾语从句中从句语序应该为陈述句语序,因此排除B和D;根据答语“At9oclock tomorrowmorning丁可知询问的应该是将来的事,用一般将来时,选项是一般过去时,故选A C
2.The policemanaskedthelittle boyif hishome.A.he couldfind B.could hefind C.he canfind【答案】A【解析】句意警察问那个小男孩能否找到他的家考查宾语从句他能找到,陈述语序;he couldfind couldhe他能找至」,疑问语序;他能找到,陈述语序分析句子结构可知此处是引导的宾语从句,宾find Ihecanfind if语从句要用陈述语序,排除结合主句中可知主句用一般过去时,从句要用过去时态,排除B,“asked”C故选Ao限时检测
一、单项选择(•云南昆明•统考中考真题)一
1.2022Could youplease tellme when they meetforthefirst timeinChina一They usuallyshake hands.A.what dopeople usuallydoB.what people usually doC.where dopeopleusually go D.where peopleusuallygo【答案】B【详解】句意一一^你能告诉我人们在中国第一次见面时通常会做什么吗?——他们通常握手考查宾语从句句子是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除AC;根敏叮hey usuallyshakehands”可知上文询问第一次见面做什么,用引导宾语从句故选what B
2.(2022・湖北武汉.统考中考真题)—Can youtellme一To getpractical skills.A・what do you learnabout safetyB.when doyou havethe artfestivalC.how youbalance yourstudies andhobbies D.why youlearn cookingat school【答案】D【详解】句意你能告诉我你为什么在学校学烹饪吗?——为了获得实用技能考查宾语从句tell后缺少直接宾语,用宾语从句,宾语从句用陈述语序,排除AB;再由“To getpractical skills”可知此处询问做某事的原因,用引导的宾语从句故选why D
3.(2022・江苏宿迁・统考中考真题)一Jenny,doyouknow一Er,next Tuesday.A.whenthe sports meetingwill takeplace B.when willthe sports meeting takeplaceC.where thesportsmeetingwill takeplace D.where willthesportsmeeting takeplace【答案】A【详解】句意——珍妮,你知道运动会什么时候举行吗?——额,下周二考查宾语从句句子是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除BD;根据“nextTuesday”可知上文询问时间,用when引导宾语从句故选A(•广西梧州•统考中考真题)一
4.2022Mr.Brown,could youtellmeour Chineseexam一Sure.It willbe inRoom
201.A.when willwe haveB.where willwe haveC.when wewill haveD.where wewill have【答案】D【详解】句意——布朗先生,你能告诉我语文考试在哪里举行吗?——当然可以在房间201考查宾语从句宾语从句使用陈述语序,排除选项根据.”可知是指地点,用AB“It willbe inRoom201where引导宾语从句,故选D
5.(2022・广西贵港・统考中考真题)一Iwonder.一Im notsure.Maybe yes.A.if has Dave got his drivers licenseB・how longhasDavegot his drivers licenseC.if Dave has gothisdriverslicenseD.how longDavehasgothisdriverslicense【答案】C【详解】句意——我想知道是否取得了驾驶证——我不确定或许是的Dave考查宾语从句此处是宾语从句,从句用陈述语序,排除和选项根据答语“「可A Bmnotsure.Maybe yes”知,从句应是询问是否考取了驾驶证,故选C(•四川乐山•统考中考真题)一
6.2022Hi,Jack.Doyouknow Iwantto thank him or herin person.——No,itwasjust lefton thefront desk.A・who sentmy walletbackB・where didthey findmy walletC.how muchmoney wasin mywallet【答案】A【详解】句意——嗨,杰克你知道是谁把我的钱包送回来的吗?我想亲自感谢他或她——不知道,只是放在前台了考查宾语从句宾语从句用陈述语序,排除B;根据“Iwanttothankhimorher inperson.”可知,此处是问谁把我的钱包送回来的,用引导的宾语从句,故选who A
7.(2022・湖南岳阳・统考中考真题)They wonder.。
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