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专项一词汇重难点动词和动词短语08知识梳理实义动词i.常考动词的用法辨析Li.的区别llook,see,watch,read单词用法强调“看”的动作，单独使用时，用来引起对方的注意look强调“看”的结果，意为“看见，看到工see强调“专注地看”，有欣赏的意味，常用于看电视、看球赛等watch专指“阅读”，用于读书、看报等read的区别2take,spend,pay,cost动词用法指“花费”时间，常用作形式主语，用于时间+动词不定式”结构take itIt takessb.+意为“花费”时，主语为人，用于金钱/时间结构spend“sb.spend++on/indo-ing sth.”意为“花费”时，主语为人，用于金钱+结构pay“sb.pay+forsth.”意为“花费”时，主语为物，用于金钱/时间”结构cost sth.cost sb.+的区别3borrow,lend,keep动词用法借入，是非延续性动词，常用于结构borrow borrowsth.from sb.“借出”,是非延续性动词，常用于结构lend lendsb.sth./lend sth.to sb.表示借某物多长时间，是延续性动词keep的区别4wear,put on,dressTom go to schoolwith every day
29.（2022・重庆•统考中考真题）I brushmy teeth twice aday.（改为否定句）I myteethtwicea day.（•上海•统考中考真题）（改为一般疑问句）
30.2022The newrobots helppassengers with their luggage at this airport.the newrobots passengerswiththeirluggageatthisairport动词用法侧重“穿着”的状态，后可接表示颜色、服装的名词wear侧重“穿”的动作，是非延续性动词短语put on后接人作宾语，即人结构,意为“给某人穿衣服”dress dresss（）的区别5arrive,reach,get动词用法是不及物动词，后接宾语时需要加介词（大地方），（小地方）arrive inat是及物动词，后面可以直接加宾语reach是不及物动词，后需接介词再加宾语get to,.及物动词和不及物动词L2（）及物动词可接单宾语、双宾语和复合宾语结构1后接双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）When someonegives memoney,I feelthey don*t thinkat all.give当有人给我钱时，我感觉他们根本就没有思考后接复合宾语（宾语+宾补）我们选他当我们班的班长We electedhim monitorof ourclass.elect（）不及物动词不及物动词后面一般不可以直接接宾语，但有时不及物动词和介词或副词一起使用，构成动2词短语，此时其后可以接宾语没有电，会发生什么？What willhappen withoutelectricity.我正在等公交车Im waitingfor thebus.延续性动词和非延续性动词
1.3（）延续性动词表示一种可持续的行为过程或状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用而非延续性动词表示行1为或过程在短暂瞬间内完成，不可以和表示一段时间的状语连用电影已经开始分钟了The filmhas beenon forten minutes.
10.电影分钟之前就开始了The filmbegan tenminutes ago10（）延续性动词和非延续性动词的转换2非延续性动词延续性动词非延续性动词延续性动词leave beaway borrowkeephave begin/start beon buydiebe deadfinish beoverbecome beput onwear系动词
2.连系动词指连接主语和表语的动词，主要用来说明主语的身份、性质、特征或状态连系动词只有主动形式分类例词表示感官看起来听起来类起来闻起来摸起来look soundtaste smellfeel表示状态、变化等be是keep（使保持turn变成get变得remain依然prove证明是变得逐渐变得显得看起来变得go growappear seembecome例我喜欢柔和的音乐这种音乐听起来不错I likesoft andgentle music.It soundsnice.助动词
3.助动词本身没有词义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语，表示时态、语态、语气等，帮助构成否定、疑问、强调或省略等
4.L助动词be的用法用作助动词和用作连系动词一样，有人称、数和时态的变化，主要用来构成进行时态和被动语态be例.他们问我整个下午一直在做什么They askedme whatI was doing allafternoon会上提出了一个新计戈A newplan wasput upat themeeting.U助动词的用法
4.
2.have助动词在句中有人称、数和时态的变化，主要与过去分词一起构成各种完成时态或完成进行时态have.他们等了你两个小时了They havebeen waitingfor youfor twohours,自出生以来，他就住在北京He haslived inBeijing sincehe wasbom助动词的用法33do助动词也有人称、数和时态的变化，主要帮助实义动词构成否定句、疑问句有时可以放在动词原do形前起强调作用例.上周日他没去看电影He didntgotosee thefilm lastSunday例叩昨晚我确实给你打过电话I didtel honeyou lastnight.用在动词原形前，起强调作用.动词短语词义理解考点5动词+介词
5.
2.处理担心关心deal withworry aboutcare about坚持照顾等待stick tolook afterwait for赞同，同意敲击寻找agree withknock atlook for支付请求依赖，取决于pay forask fordepend onleavefor动身前往lead to导致,引起takeafter…与.....相像遭受嘲笑抱怨suffer fromlaugh atcomplain about长大调查浏览grow uplook intolook through保持，继续保持来访keep onkeep tocall in继续属于看起来像go onbelong tolook likelearnabout了解hearfrom…收到.....信hear of听说.动词+副词
4.2副词lput+增加（体重），穿上张贴，举起推迟put onput upput off收起来，放好放下，记下熄灭put awayput downput out安装完成put input through••••••副词2give+分发放弃屈月艮赠送，泄露（秘密）give out.give upgive ingive away发出，放出give off••••••••••••副词3tui*n+调高打开关闭turn upturn onturn off原来是，证明是，结果是调低••••••turn outturn down副词4t ak e+占用，从事脱下,起飞，巾走take uptake offtake away写下接管拿回take downtake overtake back副词5s et+出发成立，建立出发，动身set offset upset out副词6come+出版，开花过来发生,产生come outcome overcome about力口油上来，上升实现come oncome upcome true副词7get+克月艮到达进入get overget toget in下车逃离上车get offget awayget on副词8look+检查查阅当心，小心look overlook uplookout动词9+up使振作起来捡起修理cheer uppick upfix up吃光清除，清理熬夜eat upclean upstay up快点儿盛装打扮编造，弥补，组成hurry updress upmake up叫醒打电话切碎wake upcall upcut up其他10上交回避查明，找出hand inkeep offfind out算出,解决叫走砍倒work outcall offcut down用完，耗尽炫耀碰掉,撞倒runout showoff knockoff试穿扔掉经过，时光流逝try onthrow awaygo by派人去请搬走顺便来访send formove awaydrop in动词+副词+介词43提出,想出总艮上，赶上尊敬come up with keepupwithlook uptospeak highlyof...对.......评价高look forwardto期待，盼望run awayfrom逃离keep awayfrom远离get alongwith...与....方目处look downon看不起,轻视当心，提防look outfor.....•.....动词+名词+介词
4.4take careof…照顾…•-take pridein..•对.....感至U自豪make friendswith…和......交朋友pay attentionto注意，留心动词+形容词+介词45be harmfulto…对••…有害be afraidof…害怕.......-staaA［命题趋势动词是用来描述主语的动作行为或状态的一类词动词在句中作谓语，用来说明主语是什么、处于什么状态或做什么动词有不同的形式，这些形式体现了动作发生的时间、语态等信息中考对动词的考查方式灵活、题型多样在备战年中考时，考生要牢记近义动词及动词短语的不同含义，多做练习，在实践中加以2020区分中考考查重点动词辨析；动词短语辨析
1.
2.典例解析•江苏南通•统考中考真题改为否定句
1.2022Our schoolheld a sports meeting yesterday.Our schoolasportsmeetingyesterday.【答案】didnt hold【详解】句意我们学校昨天举行了运动会原句是一般过去时，变否定句需借助于助动词其后跟didnt,动词原形的原形为故填；held holddidnt holdo（.辽宁盘锦.统考中考真题）当鲍勃（）到家时，他的姐姐正在做家务
2.2022Bob【答案】When Bob got/arrived home/reached hishome,his sister was doing housework chores./His sister was doinghousework chores,when Bob got/arrived home/reached hishome./Bob got/arrived home/reached hishome,whilehis sisterwas doing housework chores./While his sisterwas doinghousework chores,Bob got/arrived home/reachedhis home.【详解】到家；他的姐姐；做家务结合语境可arrive/get/reach homehis sisterdo housework/choreso知，该句的两个动作“到家”和“做家务”分别属于非延续性动词和延续性动词，且动作发生于过去，所以可以使用或引导的时间状语从句“到家”这个动作使用一般过去时，“做家务”这个动作使用过去when while进行时需要注意的是，可以跟非延续性动词和延续性动词，但是后一般只跟延续性动词故填when whileWhenBob got/arrived home/reached hishome,hissisterwasdoinghouseworkchores./His sisterwas doinghouseworkchores,when Bobgot/arrived home/reached hishome./Bobgot/arrived home/reached hishome,whilehis sisterwasdoinghouseworkchores./While hissisterwasdoinghouseworkchores,Bobgot/arrived home/reachedhis home.（.江苏扬州.统考中考真题）不用时，请关掉电灯、电视和电脑
一、单项选择
1.（2022•湖北武汉・统考中考真题）一Laura spokevery slowlyto peopleto whatshe wouldsay.一She justwanted tothink aboutwhat otherswere feeling.A.survey B.weigh C.support D.repeat（•江苏无锡•统考中考真题）一
2.2022Does thecolour redrepresent goodthings inChinese culture——Yes.But writingones namein redis notgood,and weusually it.A.avoid B.advise C.allow D.accept（•辽宁•统考中考真题）一
3.2022Now wecan“plant treesat thebottom ofthe sea.一Its a new wayto thesea.A.paint B.protect C.create D.describe（•甘肃统考中考真题）
4.2022♦On thetraditional Chinesecalendar,Qingming,meaning clearand bright,is onthefourth orfifth dayof April.A.falls B.jumps C.walks D.runs（•甘肃•统考中考真题）
5.2022He offeredher atrip toAustralia butshe turnedhim down.A.refused himB.looked athim C.hated himD.invited him（•辽宁丹东•统考中考真题）
6.2022Eric triedto whyhe waslate forwork,but hismanager didntbelievehim.A.warn B.explain C.imagine D.mean（•江苏扬州•统考中考真题）
7.2022In suchcheerful conversation,the timeall tooquickly.（,海南•统考中考真A.went upB.went downC.went byD.went back
8.2022题）一Its saidthat theShenzhou-14astronauts willsay helloto uson Mid-Autumn Day.—Wonderful!Vm it.A.getting alongwith B.staying awayfrom C.looking forwardto
9.（2022・湖北武汉・统考中考真题）During theTangdynasty（唐朝）,nearly everythingproduced inthe worldon thestreetsof Changan.A.is foundB.has beenfound C.will befound D.could befound
10.（2022・北京・统考中考真题）一I takephotos here一Sorry,you cantIts notallowed inthe museum.A.Must B.Need C.Can D.Will
11.（2022・湖北武汉・统考中考真题）一Alex,come downto playfootball.—I cantMom saidI cleanmy bedroombefore doinganything else.A.had toB.will C.used toD.can（•天津•统考中考真题）
12.2022The bookbe Marys.We cansee hername onit.A.need B.must C.cant D.neednt（•江苏连玄港•统考中考真题）
13.2022The publicsign inthe librarymeans peoplesmokethere.A.could B.must C.couldnt D.mustnt（•四川成都•统考中考真题）一
14.2022There isanewart museumin ourcity.You missit.一Thank you.I wontA.cant B.must C.neednt（•河北•统考中考真题）一
15.2022Do Ihave tohand inmy reportnow一Of course,you.We9re goingto discussit.A.can B.cant C.must D.mustnt（•江苏扬州•统考中考真题）
16.2022Protect yourhearing.Dont waituntil youhear athing.A.neednt B.mustnt C.shouldnt D.cant（•四川达州•统考中考真题）一
17.2022Who isplaying thepiano inthe musicroom Isit Mary——No,it beher.She hasto Beijingon business.A.couldnt;been B.cant;gone C.can9t;been D.mustnt;gone（•四川达州•统考中考真题）一
18.2022Exercising isgood forour health.—You9re right.So Idrather anhours walkthan infront ofthecomputer.A.to take;sit B.take;sit C.take;sitting D.to take;sitting
19.（2022•四川泸州・统考中考真题）一Paul,have youtried thischicken Itsa specialin Luzhouand hasbeenintroduced intheTVprogram ABite ofChina.一Yes,it hotbut delicious.A.eats B.looks C.tastes D.sees（•贵州黔西•统考中考真题）
20.2022Neither Saturdaynor SundayOK becauseI willbe quitebusy thesetwodays.A.are B.is C.am D.be
二、完成句子（•江苏常州•统考中考真题）女足运动员们对自己要求非常严格，所以她们取得了很大的进步
21.
202222.（2022・辽宁大连•统考中考真题）坚持下去！如果你放弃了，你就真的失败了Women footballplayers were_______________________________________
23.（2022•湖北荆州•统考中考真题）My momoften GrandmaWang whenshe isin hospital.王奶奶住院时，我妈妈经常照看她（）takeKeep going!
24.（2022・湖北荆州•统考中考真题）Look!Jack.Lefs joinhim.瞧！杰克正在踢足球，我们也去吧（）play
25.（2022・广东广州•统考中考真题）凯特想知道她是否能为科学日做些事Kate wonderedsomething forthe ScienceDay.
26.（
2022.内蒙古通辽・统考中考真题）无论我走到哪里，没有什么能把我和我的祖国分开Wherever Igo,nothing canmake memy motherland.
三、句型转换
27.（2022•江苏南通・统考中考真题）Every daythe boygoes to school onfoot to gogreen.（对划线部分提问）the boygoto schoolevery daytogogreen（•甘肃•统考中考真题）（对画线部分提问）
28.2022Tom goestoschoolwith hisbest friendeveryday.。
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