2023年英语六级听力原文

年月英语六级听力原文（卷一）20236W:We Icome toWork PI ace.And i n todays program,we re I ook i ng at the resu Its oftworecent I y pubI i shed surveys,wh i ch bothdea I with thesame top ic-happ i ness atwork.John,tel I us about the f i rstsurvey.M:Well,thi swas doneby ahuman resourcesconsu Itancy,who i nterviewed morethan1,000workers,and estabI i shed atop tenof the factors,wh ich makepeop I e happy at work.The most important factorfor themajor ityof the peopIe i nterviewed washav i ng fr iendI y,support i ve coI I eagues.I nfact,73%of peop I ei nterv i ewedput the i rre I ati onsh i pwith colleagues as the keyfactor contr i but i ng to happ i ness at work,whichis a very highpercentage.The secondmost importantfactor washaving workthat i s enjoyabIe.The twoI east important factorswere hav i ngones ach i evementsrecognized,and rathersurprisingly,earning acompetiti vesalary.W:So,we arenot mainlymotivated bymoneyM:Apparent Iynot.W:Any other interesting informationin thesurvey weI ookat a I Ik i nds ofth i ngs i nconsumer behav i orand part i cuIar Iyhow consumersare presented i n advert i s i ng.So theyget i nvoIved byIooking atadvert i si ngand reaIlycritical Iyassess i ng theconsumer behav i or aspects of i t andgett i ng i nvoIved sometimesdoing pr imary research.For exampI e,I astyear mystudents spenta weekI ooki ngat the i r own purchas i ngandana I yzed itin detai Ifrom shoppi ngto thereIat i onsh ip that they havew i ththe i r retai Ibanks and thei rmobi Iephone providers.I thi nk theyfound itvery usefuIand it a I sohe Iped them i dent i fyjust whatki nd ofbudgets they had too.The factofthe matter i s that theresa who Ie rangeof i nterest i ng researchout thereandI thi nk as the yearsgo on,theres goi ngto be muchmore forus toconsider andcerta inlymuchmore forstudents tobecome i nvoIved i n.

16.What is the speakercurrently doing

17.What hasthe speakerfound aboutyoung peopIesdrinking

18.What does the speakersay thathis studentsdid lastyearPassage2Sweden wasthef i rstEuropean countryto pr i ntand usepaper money,buti t maysoondo awaywith physicalcurrencies.Banks can save alot ofmoney andavoid regulatoryheadaches bymoving to acash-free system,and they can a I soavoid bankrobber i es,theft,and d i rtymoney.CI aerBarrett,the editorof Fi nanc i a I TimesMoney,says theWestern worIdi sheadedtoward aworId withoutphysicaI currency.Andy HoI der-the ch i efeco|nomi stat TheBank ofEng Iand——suggested thattheUK movetowards agovernment-backed digitalcurrency.But doesa cashI esssoc i etyreaI Iy make goodeconomic senseThefact thatcash i s be i ngdrawn outof soc i ety,i s I essa featureof oureverydayI ives,and theease ofeIectron ic payments—i sth i s actuaI Iymaki ngusspend moremoney withoutreaI izing itBarrett wanted to f ind outif theabsence ofphysicaI currencydoes indeedcausea personto spendmore,so shedecided toconduct anexper imenta fewmonths ago.She decidedthat she was going to tryto justuse cashfor twoweeks tomakea I I of her essenti a I purchasesand seewhat thatwou I d doto herspend i ng.She foundshedid spenda Iot I ess moneybecausei ti s i ncred i bI yhard topred ict how muchcash onei sgoingtoneed——she wasforever drawingmoney outof cashpoints.MonthsIater,shewasstill findingcash stuffed i n her trouserpockets and the pocketsofherhandbags.Dur i ng theexper iment,Barrett tooka trai nr ide.On theway,there was an announcementthat the restaurantcar was not currentIy accepti ngcredit cards.The traincars werefi I Ied withgroans becausemany of the passengerswere traveI ing withoutcash.It underI i nes justhowmuchth i ngs havechanged in the I astgeneration,Barrettsays.My parents,when theywere younger,used tobudget byputting moneyi ntoenveI opes—theyd getpa id and theyd immedi ateIy separatethe cash i ntopiles andput theminenveI opes,so theyknew what theyhadto spendweek byweek.It was averyeffect ive wayfor themtokeep trackof the i rspend i ng.Nowadays,we rea I I oncredit cards,we*re doingonI inepurchases,and moneyis kindof becominga I ess physi caIand more imaginary typeofth i ng thatwe cantget ourhands around.Q19,What dowe learnabout SwedenQ

20.What didClaer Barrett want tofind outwith herexperimentQ

21.What didClaer Barrettfind on her trainrideQ

22.How didpeopIe of the lastgeneration budgettheir spendingPassage3Why shouIdyou considertaking acourse indemography incol legeYou I I begrow ing upinagenerat ion where the babyboomers arego ing into reti rementand dying.You wi I Iface theprob I ems in theaging of the populationthat havenever beenfaced before.You wiI Ihear moreand moreabout migrat ion betweencountr iesand betweenruraI areas andcities.You needto understand asacitizen andasatax payerandasa voterwhat sreaI Iybehi ndthearguments.I wantto teI I you about the past,present andfuture ofthe human popu Iat ion.So lets startwith afew prob Iems.Right now,a billion peopIe arechron i caI Iyhungry.That means they wakeup hungry,they arehungry a I Iday,and theygo tos I eep hungry.A biI I ionpeople areI iving in sI ums,not thesame billionpeople,but there i ssome overIap.Living insI umsmeanstheydon5t have i nfrastructure totake thegarbage away,theydon t have securewater suppIi es todr ink.Near Iya biI I ionpeopIe are iI I iterate.Try toimagine yourI ifebeing iI I iterate.You cant readthe Iabe I s on the bottIesin the supermarket,i fyou canget toa supermarket.Two-thi rdsof thosepeopIe whoare iII iterate arewomen andabout200to215million womendon5thaveaccess tob i rth controIthey want,so that theycancontro Ithei rownfert iIi ty.Th i si snot on Iya probIemin deve loping countr i es.About ha If of a II pregnanei esglobally areun intended.So thoseare exampIes ofpopuIat ion probIems.Demography givesyou thetoo I s tounderstand andto addressthese probIems.It snoton Iy the study ofhumanpopuIation,but thepopulations of non-human spec i es,includingv i ruses Ii kei nfIuenza,the bacteri ain your gut,pI antsthat you eat,animals thatyouenjoy orthat provide you with meat.Demography a I soi ncIudesthestudy ofnon-1ivingobjects Iike Iight buIbsand taxicabs,and bui Idi ngs becausethese areaI so populations.It studiesthese popuI ati ons,inthe past,present andfuture,us ing quant i tati vedataand mathematicaImode Isas too Is of ana lysis.I seedemography asa centraI subject reIated toeconomics.It i sthemeans tointervenemore wisely,and moreeffectiveIy inthe reaIworId,to improvethe weIIbeing,notonIy ofyourse If importantas thatmay bebut ofpeop Ie aroundyou andof otherspecies withwhomwe sharethe pIanet.Questions23-25are basedon therecording youhave justheard.

23.What isone ofthe problemsthe speakermentions inhis talk

24.What doesthe speakersay aboutpregnancies

25.How doesthe speakerview thestudy ofpopuIati onsM:Yes.For exampIe,25%ofthework ing peop Iei ntervi eweddescr ibed themseI vesasveryhappy at work.However,20%of empIoyeesdescr ibedthemseIves asbeing unhappy.W:That squite alot ofunhappy peopIeatworkevery day.M:11i s,isn titAnd therewere severaImoreinterest ing coneIusi onsreveaIed bythesurvey.Fi rstof all,smaI Ii sbeaut ifu I:peopIe def ini teIyprefer work ing forsmaI Ier organi zati onsor companieswith Iess than100staff.We aI sof ind out that,genera IIy speaking,women werehappi erintheirwork thanmen.W:Yes,we are,arenJ tweM:And workerson part-time contracts,who onIywork4or5hours a day,are happierthanthose whowork fulI-time.The researcherscone Iudedthatth isisprobabIy duetoa betterwork-1ife ba Iance.W:Are bosseshappier thanthei rempIoyeesM:Yes,perhaps notsurpr isingly,the higherpeopIe goin acompany,the happierthey are.Sosen i or managersenjoy theirjobs morethan peopIeworking underthem.Q1:What isthe factorthat madeempIoyees happyaccording to the surveyQ2:What isthepercentage ofthepeopIesurveyed whofelt unhappyat workQuestions1to4are basedon theconversation youhave justheard.Q3:What kindof companiesare popularwith empIoyeesQ4:What isthe possiblereason forpeopIe onpart-time contracts tobehappierW:Mr.De Keyzer,Im agreat Iover ofyour bookMoments Beforethe FIood.Can youteI Iushow youf i rst becamei nterestedinth is subjectmatterM:I n2023,when theconcert haII ofthe city ofBruges askedme totake somepictures foracataIogue fora newconcert season around the theme ofwater,I foundmyseIf workinga IongtheBelgian coast Ii ne.As therehad beennumerous aI armingarticIes inthe pressabouta climatecatastrophe waitingto happen,I startedIooking atthe seaandthebeach veryd ifferentIy,apIacewhere Ispent somany perfectdays asa child.Th is fearofaloomingdanger becamethe subjectofalarge-scale photoproject.W:You wroteinthe book:I don5t wantto photograph the di saster,I wanttophotograph thedisaster waitingto happen.5J Can you taIk ab it about thatM:It is cIear nowthat itisamatter oftime beforethe enti reEuropean coastIi ned isappears underwater.The samegoes fornumerous bi gcities around the worId.My ideawas tophotographth isbeaut ifuI andvery uni quecoastIine,richinhi story,beforeit stooIate—asaIast witness.W:CanyoutaIkabitabout how hi storypI aysa roIeinthis projectM:Sure.The projectisaI so about the hi storyof EuropeIook ingatthe seaand wondering when the nextenemy wouldappear.In theimages,you seeaII kindsof possibIedefenseconstructions tohold backthe Romans,Germans,Vikings,and nownature asenemy numberone.For exampIe,there istheimage ofthe bridge into thesea takenattheNormandy D-Day Iand ingsite.Al so,Ven ice,thecityeternaIly threatenedby thesea,where everymorni ngwooden pathwayshave tobe setup toaII owtour i sts toreach theirhoteIs.W:Thank you,Mr.De Keyzer.It wasa pIeasureto haveyouwithus today.Questions5to8are basedon theconversation youhave justheard.Q

5.What doesthe mansay aboutthe bookMoments Beforethe FloodQ

6.When didthe manget hisidea forthe workQ

7.What wiII happenwhenthecIimate catastropheoccursQ

8.What doesthe mansay aboutVeniceSect ion BPassage1When facinga newsituation,some peopletend torehearse their defeatby spendingtoomuch ti meanticipat ing theworst.I remembertalking witha youngI awyerwho wasaboutto beginher f irst jurytrial.She was very nervous.I askedwhat impressionshe wantedtomake on the jury.She repI ied:I don,t wantto Iook tooi nexperi enced,I don twantthemto suspectthis is myf irst trial.15Th isIawyer hadfa II envictims to the don5ts syndrome——aform ofnegat ive goaIssett ing.The donts canbe seIf-fuIf iIIing becauseyour mindresponseto pictures.Research conducted at StanfordUni versi tyshows amentaI imagef ires thenerve systemthesame wayas actuaI Iy doingsometh ing.That meanswhen ago Ifertells himself:Don,thit the ba IIinto thewater.5,His mindsees theimage ofthebaIIflying into thewater.So guesswherethebaIIwiIIgoConsequently,before goinginto anystressfuI situation,focus onlyon whatyou wantto havehappen.I askedthe Iawyer againhow shewantedtoappear atherfirsttrial.And thi stimeshe said:”I wantto Iookprofess ionaI andseIf-assured.”I toldher tocreate apicture ofwhat seIf-assured wouId IookIike.To her,itmeant movingconfidentlyaroundthecourt room,using convincingbody Ianguageand projectingher voice,soit couldbe heardfrom thejudge,s benchtotheback door.She aIsoimagined aski IIfuI closingargument anda winningtrial.A fewweeks afterthis positive stress（不确定）rehearsaI,the youngIawyer didwin.Questions9to12are basedonthepassage youhave justheard.Q9:what dosome peopIedo when they facea newsituationQ10:what doesthe researchconductedatStanford UniversityshowQ11:what advicedoesthe speaker giveto peopIein astressful situationQ12:what dowe learnaboutthelawyer inthe courtPassage2Most Ameri cansdonteat enoughf rui ts,vegetab Ies orwhoIe grai ns,researchersnow saysadd ingfi berto teendiet mayhe IpIower theri sk ofbreast cancer.Conversat ions aboutthe benefits of fi berare probabIymore commoninnurs ing homesthanhigh schooIs.But aI ongcomes anew studythat couIdchange that.KristiKing,adietspeciaIistat TexasCh iIdren sHosp ita Ifinds itshard toget teenagerpatientsattention abouthealthy eatingbut tellingthem thateating Iotsof high-f iberfoodscould reducetherisk ofbreast cancerbefore middleage.Thats apowerfuI message.The newfinding is basedonastudyof44,000women.They weresurveyed abouttheir diets dur inghigh schooI,andtheireat ing habi tswere trackedfor twodecades.It turnsoutthatthose whoconsumed thehighest I eve Isoffi ber duringado Iescencehad aI owerri sk ofdevelopingbreast cancer,compared tothe womenwho atethe Ieast fi ber.Th is importantstudy demonstratesthat the more fi ber youeatduring yourhigh schooIyears,the Ioweryour riskisin developingbreast cancerin IaterI ife.The findingpo ints toI ong-stand ing evi dencethat fibermay reducecircu Iati ngfemaIe hormoneI eveIs,wh ich couIdexp lainthe reducedrisk.The bottomIi neherei sthemorefiberyoueat,perhaps,a IowerIeveIofhormone inyourbody,and therefore,a IowerIifetime risk of developingbreast cancer.High-f iberdiets areaIso Ii nkedtoa reducedriskofheart di seaseand di abetes.That swhy womenare toId toeat25gramsa fibera day-men evenmore.Questions13to15are basedonthepassage youhave justheard.Q

13.What doesthe newstudy telI aboutadding fibertotheteen dietQ

14.What dowe learnaboutthesurvey ofthe44,000womenQ

15.What expIanat ion doesthespeakeroffer forthe researchfindingPassage1We II mycurrent researchisreaI Iyabout consumer behavior.So recentIy IveIooked at youngpeoples dr i nkingand itsobviousIy amajor concernto Governmentatthemoment.Ive alsoIookedathow oIderpeopIearerepresented inthe media;again,itsofmajor currentinterestwith oIderpeopIe becominga muchIarger proportionofUK andi ndeedworId soc i ety.Im aIsoi nterestedinhow consumersoperate onIine,and howthat onIine behavior mightbe differentfrom howthey operateoff Iinewhentheygo tothe shops.Well,I thinkthattheimportant thinghereistoactuaI Iy understand whats happen ingfrom theconsumer*s perspective.One ofthe things that busi nessesandindeed Governmentorgani zationsoften faiIto doisto reaIIy seewhat ishappeningfrom theconsumersperspective.For exampIe,inthe caseof youngpeop Iesdr ink ing,one ofthethingsthat Iveidentifi edisthat drink ing forpeopIe saybetween theages of18and24isaIIaboutthesociaIact ivity.A lotoftheGovernment adverti sing hasbeen aboutindi viduaIrespons ibiIity,butactua IIyunderstandingthatdri nkingisvery much aboutthe sociaIact ivity andfindingways toheIp youngpeopIe gethome safeIyand notend upinhosp ita Iisone oftheth ingsthatweve triedto presentthere.The keything aboutconsumerbehavioristhat itsverymuchabouthowconsumers change.Markets alwayschange fasterthan marketing;so wehave toIook atwhat consumersare doing.Current IyI teachconsumerbehaviorto undergraduatesintheir secondyear and。