考研英语一真题及答案

考研英语一真题答案完整版2016新东方在线Section IUse ofEnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best wordsfor eachnumbered blankandmark A;B;C orD on the ANSWER SHEET.10pointsIn Cambodia;the choice of a spouse is a complexone for the youngmale.It mayinvolve notonly his parents andhis friends;_1_those of theyoung woman;but alsoa matchmaker.A young man can_2_a likelyspouseon hisown andthen ask his parents to3the marriagenegotiations;or theyoung man^parents may make the choiceof aspouse;giving thechild little to say in theselection.4;a girlmay veto the spouseher parentshavechosen.5aspouse has been selected;each familyinvestigates theotherto makesure itschild ismarrying6a goodfamily.The traditionalwedding isa longand colorfulaffair.Formerly itlastedthree days;_7_by the1980s itmore commonlylasted a day and a half.Buddhist priestsoffer ashort sermonand_8_prayers ofblessing.Parts of7the ceremonythe bride s and groom s wrists;and10a candlearound acircleof happilyin with the wife s parents and may12with themup to ayear;13they can build a new house nearby.products areof highquality.Second;customers may be willingto buya7company sproducts as an indirectway todonate to the goodcauses ishelps.And third;through amore diffusehalo effect/whereby itsgooddeeds earnit greaterconsideration from consumers andothers.Previous studieson CSRhave hadtrouble differentiatingthese effectsbecauseconsumers can be affectedby allthree.A recentstudy attemptsto7separate themby lookingat briberyprosecutions underAmerica sForeignCorrupt PracticesAct FCPA.It arguesthat sinceprosecutors donotconsume a companys productsas part of theirinvestigations;they couldbeinfluenced onlyby thehalo effect.The studyfound that;among prosecutedfirms;those withthe mostcomprehensiveCSRprogrammes tendedtogetmore lenientpenalties.Their1analysis ruledout thepossibility thatit wasfirms politicalinfluence;ratherthan theirCSR stand;that accountedfor theleniency:Companies thatcontributedmore topolitical campaignsdid notreceive lowerfines.In all;the studyconcludes thatwhereas prosecutorsshould onlyevaluate a casebased onits merits;they doseen toinfluenced byacompany srecord inCSR.We estimatethat eithereliminating asubstantiallabour-rights concern;such aschild labour;or increasingcorporategiving byabout20%results infines thatgenerally are40%lower11than thetypical punishmentfor bribingforeign officials;says oneresearcher.Researchers admitthat theirstudy does not answerthe questionofhow muchbusinesses oughtto spendon CSR.Nor does it revealhowmuch companiesare bankingon thehalo effect;rather thanthe otherpossiblebenefits;when theydecide theirdo-gooding policies.But at leasthave demonstratedthat whencompaniesget intotrouble withthe law;evidence ofgood charactercan win them aless costlypunishment

31.The,author viewsMilton Friedmans statementabout CSRwith Atolerance BskepticismC uncertainty□approval

32.According toParagraph2;CSR helpsa companyAlwinning trustfromconsumers.B guardingit againstmalpractices.C protectingit frombeing defamed.D raisingthe qualityof itsproducts.

1133.Theexpression morelenient Line2;Para.4is closestin meaning toAlmore effective.B lesscontroversial.C lesssevere.D morelasting.

34.When prosecutorsevaluateacase;a companysCSR recordAlhas an impact on their decision.B comesacross asreliable evidence.Cincreases thechance of being penalized.D constitutespartof the investigation.

35.Which of the followingis trueof CSR;according to the last paragraphAl Itsnegative effectson businessesare oftenoverlooked.BThenecessaryamount ofcompanies^pending onit isunknown.1C Companiesfinancial capacityforithasbeenoverestimated.D Ithasbroughtmuchbenefittothebankingindustry.Text4There willeventually comeadaywhen The New York Times casestopublish storieson newsprint.Exactly whenthat daywill beisamatter ofdebate.Sometime in the future“the papers publishersaid backin

2010.fNostalgia forink onpaper andthe rustleof pagesaside;there splentyof incentiveto ditchprint.The infrastructurerequired to make aphysicalnewspapers-printing presses.delivery truck-isn tjust7expensive;it sexcessive ata timewhen online-only competitiondon thavethe sameset financialconstraints.Readers aremigrating awayfromprint away;And althoughprint adsales stilldwarf theironline andmobilecounterparts revenuefrom printis stilldeclining.Overhead may be highand circulationI owe;but rushingto eliminateitsprint editorwould bea mistake;says BuzzFeedCEO JonahPeretti.Peretti saysthe Timesshouldnt wastetime gettingof theprint business;only if they goabout doingit theright awayFiguring outa way toaccelerate thattransition would make sensefor them“he said;“but ifyoudiscontinue it;youYe goingto haveyour most loyal customersreally upsetwithyou.Sometimes thatsworth makinga changeanyway.Peretti givesexample ofNetflixdiscontinuing itsDVD-mailing serviceto focuson streaming.It wasseenas ablunder.he said.The moveturned outto beforesighted.And ifPerettiwere incharge at the times”1wouldnt pickyear toend printhe〃7said.I wouldraise andmake itinto moreof a legacy product/The mostloyal costumerwould stillgel theproduct theyfavor,the ideagoes;and theyd feellike theywere helpingsustain thequality ofsomethingthey believein.So ifyoure overpayingfor print;you couldfeellike youwere helping;peretti said.Then increaseit atrate eachyear and1essentially tryto generateadditional revenue/In otherwords;if youYegoingto printproduct;make itfor the people whoare alreadyobsessedwith it.Which maybe whatthe Timesis doingalready.Getting theprint一edition sevendays aweek costsnearly$500a yearmore thantwice asmuchas adigital-only subscription.Its areally hardthing todo andits atremendous luxurythat BuzzFeed11weredoesnt have alegacybusiness;Peretti remarked.But goingto1have questionslike thatwhere we have thingswe redoing thatdontmake sensewhen themarket.Change andthe worldchanges.In those11situations;its betterto bemore aggressivethan lessaggressive.

36.TheNewYorkTimesis consideringending itsprint editionpartly dueAthehigh costof operation.Bthe pressureform itsinvestors.Cthe complaintsform itsreadersDthe increasingonline adasles.

37.Peretti suggests that;in faceof thepresent situation;the TimesshouldAseek newsources ofreadership.Bend theprint editionfor goog.Caim forefficitent managementDmakestrategic adjustments.

1.1lt caninferred formParagraphs5and6that alegacy product”Ahelpsrestore theglory offormer times.Bis meant for the mostloyalcustomers.Cwill havethe costof printingreduced.Dexpands thepopularity of the paper

39.Peretti believesthat;in achanging world;Alegacy businessesare becomingoutdated Bcautiousnessfacilitatesproblem-solving.Caggressiveness bettermeets challenges,□traditionalluxuries canstay unaffected.

40.Which of the followingwould be the besttitle of the textAShiftto OnlineNewspapers Allat OnceBCherishthe NewspapersStill inYour HandCMakeYour PrintNewspaper aLuxury GoodDKeepYour NewspapersForever inFashionPart BDirections:Reading the following textand answerthe questionsby choosingthe most一suitable subheadingfrom thelist AG foreach ofthe numbered一paragraphs4145;There aretwo extraSubheadings;Mark youranswers ontheANSWER SHEET.lOpointsACreate a new imageof yourselfBHaveconfidence inyourselfCDecide ifthe timeis right□Understand thecontextEWork withprofessionalsFMark itefficientGKnow yourgoalsNo matterhow formalorinformal theworkenvironment;the wayyou presentyourselfhas animpact.This isespeciallytruein firstimpressions.According toresearchfromPrincetonUniversity;people assessyourcompetence;Trustworthiness;and likeabilityin justa tenthof asecond;solelybased onthewayyou look.7The differentbetween today sworkplace andthe dressfor success”erais thatthe rangeof optionsisso muchbroader.Normshaveevolvedandfragmented.In somesettings;red sneakersor dressT-shirts canconveystatus;inother notsomuch.Plus;whatever imagewe一present ismagnified bysocial mediaservices likeLinkedln.Chances are;your headshotsare seenmuch moreoften nowthan adecadeor twoago.Millennials;it seems;face theparadox ofbeing theleast formalgenerationyet themost consciousof styleand personalbranding.lt canbeconfusing.So howdo wenavigate thisHow dowe knowwhen toinvest inanupgradeAnd whatsthe bestway topull offone thatenhances ourgoalsHere aresome tips:

41.As anexecutive coach;I veseen imageupgrades beparticularlyhelpfulduringtransitions—when lookingfor anew job;stepping intoanewor morepublicrole;or changingwork environments.Ifyou rein aperiod ofchange orjustfeeling stuckand ina rut;now maybe agoodtime.If youre notsure;ask forhonestfeedback fromtrusted friends;colleagues andprofessionals.Look forcues7about howothers perceiveyou.Maybe theresnoneed for an upgradeandthat sOK.427Get clearon whatimpact youre hopingto have.Are youlooking torefreshyour imageor pivotit Forone person;the goalmaybeto betakenmore seriouslyand enhancetheir professionalimage.For another;it maybeto beperceived asmore approachable;or moremodern andstylish.Forsomeone movingfrom financeto advertising;maybe theywant tolook oreSoHo.It sOK to use characterizationslike that.43Look atyour workenvironment likean anthropologistWhat arethenorms ofyour environmentWhat conveysstatus Whoare yourmostimportant audienceHow dothepeopleyou respectand lookup topreventthemselves Thebetter youunderstand thecultural context;the morecontrolyou canhave overyour impact44Enlist thesupport ofprofessionals andshare withthem yourgoals andcontext.Hire apersonal stylist;or usethe freestyling serviceof astore likeCrew.Try ahair stylistinstead of a barber.Work witha professionalzphotographerinstead ofyour spouseof friend.It snot asexpensive asyoumight think.45The pointof astyle upgradeisn tto becomemore vainor tospend moretimediscussing overwhat towear.Instead;use it as anopportunity toreducedecision fatigue.Pick astandard workuniform ora fewgo-toopinions.Buy allyour clothesonce witha stylistinstead ofshopping alone;one articleof clothinga time.Part CDirections:Read the following textcarefully andthen translatethe underlinedsegmentsinto Chinese.Your translationshould bewritten neatlyon theANSWER SHEET.10pointsWeMental health is ourbirthright.46don t have to learn how to bementallyhealthy;it isbuilt intous in the same way that our bodies knowhow toheal acut ormend abroken bone.Mental healthcant belearned;only reawakened.It islike theimmune systemofthebody;which understressor throughlack ofnutrition orexercise canbe weakened;but whichneverleaves us.When wedont understandthe value of mental health andwedont knowhow togain accessto it;mental healthwill remainhidden7from us.47Our mental health doesnt reallygo anywhere;like thesunbehind acloud,it canbe temporarilyhidden fromview;but it is fullycapableofbeingrestored inan instant.Mental health is theseed thatcontains self-esteem—confidence inourselvesand anability to trust inour common sense.It allows us tohaveperspective onour lives—the abilityto nottake ourselvestoo seriously;tolaugh atourselves;to see the biggerpicture;and to see thatthings willworkout Itsa formof innateor unlearnedoptimism.48Mental healthallowsus to view others with sympathy if they are havingtroubles withkindnessif they are inpain and with unconditional love nomatter whotheyare.Mental healthis thesource ofcreativity forsolving problems;resolvingconflict;making oursurroundings morebeautiful;managing ourhome life;or comingup witha creativebusiness ideaor inventionto makeour liveseasier.It givesus patiencefor ourselvesand towardothers as well aspatiencewhile driving;catching afish;working onour car.or raisinga child.It allowsus toseethe beauty thatsurrounds useach momentin nature;inculture;intheflow ofour dailylives.49Although mentalhealthisthe cure-all forliving ourlives;it isperfectlyordinary asyou willsee thatit hasbeen thereto directyou throughall yourdifficultdecisions.It hasbeen availableeven inthemostmundane oflifesituations toshow youright fromwrong;good frombad;friend fromfoe.Mental healthhas commonlybeen calledconscience;instinct;wisdom;commonsense;or theinner voice.We thinkof itsimplyDivorce islegal andeasy to14;but notcommon.Divorcedpersons are15with some disapproval.Each sprouseretains16property heorshe17into themarriage;and jointly-acquired propertyis18equally.Divorced personsmay remarry;but agenderbefore hecan remarry20the woman must wait ten months.l.Aby wayofBon behalfof Caswell asDwith regardto

2.Aadapt toBprovide forCcompete withDdecide on

3.Aclose BrenewCarrange□postpone

4.AAbove allBln theoryCIn timeDFor example

5.AAIthough BLestC AfterDUnless

6.Ainto BwithinCfrom Dthrough

7.Asince BbutCor Dso

8.Acopy CreciteBtestDcreate

9.Afolding CwrappingBpilingDtyinglO.ApassingBlightingChiding Dserving

11.AmeetingBcollection CassociationDunion

12.AgrowBpart CdealDlive

13.AwhereasBuntil CifDfor

14.AobtainBfollow CchallengeDavoid

15.AisolatedBpersuaded CviewedDexposedprejudice19up:The divorcedmale doesnt havea waitingperiod

16.Awhatever BhoweverCwhenever Dwhereverasa healthyand helpfulflow ofintelligent thought.50As you will cometosee;knowing thatmentalhealthis alwaysavailable andknowing totrust itallowus toslow downto themoment andlive lifehappily.Part A

52.Directions:Suppose youare alibrarian inyour university.Write anotice ofabout100words;providing thenewly-enrolled internationalstudents withrelevantinformation about the library.You shouldwrite neatlyon theANSWERSHEET./ZDo notsign yourown nameattheend ofthe notice.Use LIMing”instead.Do notwrite theaddress.10pointsPart B

52.Directions:Write anessay of160-200words basedonthefoiiowing pictures.in youressay;you should1describe thepictures briefly;2interpret themeaning;and3give yourcomments.You shouldwrite neatlyontheANSWERSHEET.20points约蜜,□•In Cambodia;the choiceofaspouse isa complexone for the youngmale.It mayinvolve notonly hisparents andhis friends;aswellar thoseofthe youngwoman;but alsoa matchmaker.A youngman candecide onalikely spouseon hisown andthenaskhisparentsto arrangethe marriagenegotiations;ortheyoungmansparentsmaymakethechoiceofaspouse;giving thechildlittletosayintheselection.In theory;a girlmay veto thespouse herparents havechosen.After aspouse hasbeen selected;eachfamily investigatesthe othertomakesure itschild ismarrying intoa goodfamily.The traditionalwedding isa longand colorfulaffair.Formerly itlastedthree days;but inthe1980sitmore commonlylasted aday anda half.Buddhist priestsoffer ashort sermonand reciteprayers ofblessing.Partsof theceremony involveritual haircutting;tying cottonthreads soakedin7holy wateraround thebridesandgroomswrists;and passinga candlearounda circleof happilymarried andrespected couplesto blessthe union.zNewlyweds traditionallymove inwiththewifesparentsandmay livewiththem uptoayear;until theycanbuildanewhousenearby.Divorce islegal andeasy toobtain;but notcommon.Divorced personsareviewed withsomedisapproval.Each spouseretains whateverpropertyhe orshe broughtinto themarriage;and jointly-acquired propertyisdivided equally.Divorced personsmay remarry;but agender prejudice7shows up:The divorcedmale doesnt havea waitingperiod beforehe canremarrywhile thewomanmustwaittenmonths.

21.B physicalbeauty

22.D doingharm to

23.A NewStandards

24.C showinglittle

25.A AChallenge

26.D is not

27.A graduallydestroyed

28.B TheConservatives

29.D reveals

30.D thetown

31.B skeptical

32.A winning

33.C lesssevere

34.A hasanimpact

35.B Thenecessary

36.A thehigh

37.D makestrategic

38.B ismeantfor

39.C aggressiveness

40.C Makeyour print

41.Decide ifthe timeis right

42.Know yourgoals

43.Understand thecontext

44.Work withprofessionals

45.Mark itefficientz

46.We donthavetolearnhow tobe mentallyhealthy;it isbuilt intous inthesamewaythatourbodiesknowhowtoheal acut ormend abrokenbone.我们不必学习如何保持健康的心理；它与生俱来;正如我们的身体知道如何让伤口痊愈;如何让骨折好转..

747.Our mentalhealth doesnt reallygo anywhere;like thesun behindacloud;it canbe temporarilyhidden fromview;but it is fullycapable ofbeingrestored inan instant健康的心理其实一直都在我们身边；正如乌云背后的太阳;人们有时会看不见它;但是它完全有能力立刻回来..

48.Mental healthallowsus toviewotherswithsympathyiftheyarehavingtroubles;with kindnessiftheyare inpain;andwithunconditionallovenomatter whotheyare.健康的心理让我们在别人陷入麻烦之时;同情他人；在别人痛苦之时;友善待人；无论是谁渚能给予无条件的爱.B•

49.Although mentalhealthisthe cure-all forliving ourlives;it isperfectlyordinary asyouwillsee thatit hasbeen thereto directyou throughall yourdifficultdecisions.在我们的生活中;尽管健康的心理可以包治百病;但是它也极其普通;你会发现;它一直都在指引你度过艰难;做出选择..

50.As youwill cometosee;knowing thatmentalhealthis alwaysavailableand knowingtotrustit allowustoslow downto themoment andlive lifehappily.你会逐渐发现;健康的心理无处不在;我们可以信任它;这会让我们恰到好处地放慢生活的节奏;过上幸福的生活..NoticeDecember26;2015Welcome toour universityAs alibrarian;I wouldlike toprovide youwithdetailed informationas regardsour library.To beginwith;since computersare usedby allmajor librariestostreamline cataloguing;we alsohave accesstotheInternet viacomputers.In addition;by theend oflast semester;we havealready replacedall theoutdatedfacilities andprovide moreconveniences toreaders.The lastbutnot theleast;wehavejust prolongedthe openinghour ofour library;whichis from8a.m.to10p.m.In theend;we areso gladto hearthat youthe opportunityto studyinour university.I amsure youwill havea wonderfultime here.Li MingWhenthe issueof teachingand learning/education/role modelarouseswide concernfrom thepublic;can westill standthere;hesitatingfor whatoccurs Aswe cansee fromthe depiction;a father;sitting infrontof atelevision whichbroadcasts somekinds ofsoap operas;is appreciatingnutsand boltsof theseinvariable plots;without anycaring abouthis kids.Actually;itisa MorningCall tosend usa messagethat weadults alwaysperformsomething wastingmuch ofprecious time;thus spoilingyouth aseverysecond elapses.But myown worrytoday isless thatoftheoverwhelming problemofcommon housewivesor househusbandsthan itis ofthe slightlymoreluxurious agonyofthedecline intime-managing abilityeven oftheeducated teenagers.Several factorscould weighheavily forthisdegeneration;yet;suspended atthe topofthelist arethe followingtwoaspects.To beginwith;habit ishabit Weparents aregood atgivingourselves sufficientexcuses tosupport whatwe alwaysdo inour dailylife.Ifone exampleis needed;I couldnot butmention thefollowing well-knownscientist;whose nameis Freud;illuminating thata kindof habit;representing asense ofspiritual existence;can neverbe changedas longascontinuing for47days;nor isthis kindof negativemodel behaviors.Furthermore;externally;our societyis witnessingan overwhelmingnumberof low-level TVprograms;ranging fromentertaining shows;TV talkshowsand TVseries tosome otherinferior products;which differin formsas wellasbroadcasting timebut neverin theircontents.Then;the consequenceisdistinct.It goeswith noexaggeration tosay thatsoap operaruins theconceptof“Like father;like son”.Fortunately;that isnot theDay ofJudgment.It is;undoubtedly;thevery timethat weshould takesome availablemethods toend uptheseinappropriate behaviors;including layingdown theeffective regulationstoarrange familytime;shaping amoderate education/family outlookandguaranteeing morerational lifestyles.

17.AchangedBbrought CshapedDpushed

18.AwithdrawnBinvestedCdonatedDdivided

19.Abreaks BwarmsCshows Dclears

20.Aso BwhileConce DinthatText1France;which pridesitself asthe globalinnovator offashion;hasdecided itsfashion industryhas lostan absoluteright todefine physicalbeautyfor women.Its lawmakersgave preliminaryapproval lastweek toalaw thatwouldmakeitacrime toemploy ultra-thin modelson runaways.nThe parliamentalso agreedto banwebsites thatincite excessivethinness“by promotingextreme dieting.Such measures haveacouple ofuplifting motives.They suggestbeautyshould notbe definedby looksthat endup impinging on health.That sa start.And theban onultra-thin modelsseems togo beyondprotectingmodels fromstarving themselvesto death-as somehave done.It tellsthe fashion industry thatit musttake responsibility for thesignal itsendswomen;especially teenagegirls;about thesocial tape-measure theymustuse todetermine theirindividual worth.The bans;if fullyenforced;would suggestto womenand manymenthat theyshould not let othersbe arbitersof theirbeauty.And perhapsfaintly;they hintthat peopleshould lookto intangiblequalities likecharacterand intellectrather thandieting theirwaytosize zeroorwasp-waist physiques.The Frenchmeasures;however;rely toomuch onsevere punishmenttochange aculture thatstill regardsbeauty asskin-deep-and bone-showing.Under thelaw;using afashion modelthat doesnot meetagovernment-defined indexof bodymass couldresult ina$85;000fine andsixmonths inprison.The fashion industry knowsit hasan inherentproblem infocusing onmaterialadornment andidealized bodytypes.In Denmark;the UnitedStates;andafew othercountries;itistrying toset voluntarystandards formodelsand fashionimages thatrely moreon peerpressure forenforcement.77In contrastto Frances actions;Denmark sfashionindustryagreedlast monthon rulesand sanctionsregarding theage;health;and othercharacteristicsof models.The newlyrevised DanishFashion EthicalCharter/zclearly states:We areaware ofand takeresponsibilityforthe impactthe7fashionindustryhas onbody ideals;especially onyoung people/The7charter smain toolof enforcementis todeny accessfor designersandmodeling agenciesto CopenhagenFashion WeekCFW;which isrun bytheDanish FashionInstitute.But ingeneral itrelies ona name-and-shamemethod ofcompliance.Relying onethical persuasionrather thanlaw toaddress themisuse ofbodyideals maybethebest step.Even betterwould beto helpelevatenotions ofbeauty beyondthe materialstandards ofa particularindustry.

21.According tothe firstparagraph;what wouldhappen inFrance ANewrunwayswould beconstructed.BPhysical beautywould beredefined.CWebsites aboutdieting wouldthrive.DThe fashionindustry woulddecline.

22.The phrase“impingingon”Line2;Para.2is closestinmeaningtoAheightening thevalueofBindicating thestate of.Closing faithin.Ddoing harmto.

23.Which ofthefollowingis trueofthefashion industryANewstandards arebeing setin Denmark.BThe Frenchmeasureshavealready failed.CModels areno longerunder peerpressure.DIts inherentproblems aregetting worse.

24.A designeris mostlikely tobe rejectedby CFWforApursuing perfectphysical conditions.7Bearing toomuch aboutmodels character.Cshowing littleconcern forhealth factors.Dsetting ahigh agethreshold formodels.

25.Which ofthefollowingmaybethebesttitle ofthe text7AA ChallengetotheFashion Industrys BodyIdealsBA DilemmafortheStarving Modelsin FranceCJustAnother Roundof Strugglefor BeautyDTheGreat ThreatstotheFashion IndustryText2For thefirst timein historymore peoplelive intowns thaninthecountry.In Britainthis hashad acurious result.While pollsshow Britonsrate the,/countryside alongsidethe royalfamily;Shakespeare andthe NationalHealthService NHSas whatmakes themproudest oftheir country;this haslimitedpolitical support.A centuryago OctaviaHill launchedthe National Trust notto rescuestylishhouses butto savethebeautyof naturalplaces foreveryone7forever/It wasspecifically toprovide citydwellers withspaces forleisure〃z/where theycould experiencea refreshingair.HilT spressures laterled tozthecreation ofnational parksand green belts.They dont makecountrysideany more;and everyyear concreteconsumes moreof it.Itneeds constantguardianship.At thenext electionnone ofthe bigparties seemlikely toendorse this7sentiment TheConservatives planningreform explicitlygives ruraldevelopmentpriority overconservation;even authorizing“off-plan”building wherelocal peoplemight objectThe conceptof sustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefined asprofitable.Labour likewisewants todiscontinuelocal planningwhere councilsoppose developmentThe LiberalDemocrats are silentOnly Ukip;sensing itschance;has sidedwith thosepleadingforamore consideredapproach tousing greenland.ItsCampaign toProtect RuralEngland struckterror intomany localConservativeparties.The sensibleplace tobuild newhouses;factories andoffices iswherepeople are;in citiesand townswhere infrastructureis inplace.The LondonagentsStirling Ackroydrecently identifiedenough sitesfor halfa millionhousesintheLondon areaalone;with nointrusion ongreenbeltWhat istrueof Londonis eventruer ofthe provinces.The ideathat“housing crisis“equals concretedmeadows ispure lobbytalk.The issueisnotthe needfor morehouses but;as always;where toputthem.Under lobby pressure;George Osbornefavours ruralnew-buildagainst urbanrenovation andrenewal.He favoursout-of-town shoppingsitesagainst highstreets.This isnot afree marketbut abiased one.Ruraltowns andvillages havegrown andwill alwaysgrow.They doso bestwherebuilding sticksto theiredges andrespects theircharacter.We donot ruinurbanconservation areas.Why ruinrural onesDevelopmentshould beplanned;notletrip.After theNetherlands;7Britain isEurope smost crowdedcountry.Half acentury oftown andcountry planning hasenabled itto retainan enviablerural coherence;whilestill permittinglow-density urbanliving.There isno doubtof thealternative—the corruptedlandscapes ofsouthern Portugal;Spain orIreland.Avoiding thisrather thanpromoting itshould unitethe leftandright ofthe politicalspectrum.

26.Britain spublic sentimentaboutthecountrysideAdidn tstarttill theShakespearean age.Bhas broughtmuch benefittotheNHS.Cis fullybacked bythe royalfamily.Dis notwell reflectedin politics.

27.According toParagraph2;the achievementsoftheNationalTrustarenow beingAgraduallydestroyed.Beffectively reinforced.Clargely overshadowed.Dproperly protected.

28.Which ofthefollowingcanbeinferred fromParagraph3ALabour isunderattack foropposing developmentBThe Conservativesmay abandonoff-plan“building.CThe LiberalDemocratsarelosing politicalinfluence.DUkip maygain fromits supportfor ruralconservation.

729.The authorholds thatGeorge Osbornes preferenceAhighlightshis firmstand againstlobbypressure.Bshows hisdisregard forthe characterof ruralareas.Cstresses thenecessity ofeasing thehousing crisis.Dreveals astrong prejudiceagainst urbanareas.

30.In thelastparagraph;the authorshows hisappreciation ofAthe sizeofpopulation in Britain.Bthe politicallife intodaysBritain.Cthe enviableurban lifestylein Britain.Dthe town-and-countryplanninginBritain.Text37“There isone andonly onesocial responsibilityof business/wroteMilton Friedman;a Nobelprize-winning economistThat is;touseits1resources andengage inactivities designedto increaseits profits/But7even ifyou acceptFiedman spremise andregard corporatesocialresponsibility CSRpolicies asa wasteof shareholdersmoney;things maynotbe absolutelyclear-cut.New researchsuggeststhatCSR maycreatemonetary valuefor companies-atleastwhen theyare prosecutedforcorruption.The largestfirms isAmerica andBritain togetherspend morethan$15billion ayear onCSR;according toan estimateby EPG;a consultingfirm;This couldadd valueto theirbusinesses inthree ways.First;consumers7may takeCSR spendingasasignal thatacompanys。