考研英语一阅读真题全文翻译及答案

2011年考研英语

（一）阅读真题全文翻译及答案（七绝俗手版）2011-01-1621-25CBDBA26-30BDCAC31-35DCBAA36-40CDADB41-45BDACFSection IIReadingComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following fourtexts.Answer thequestionsbelow eachtext by choosing[A],,[C]or[D].Mark youranswers onANSWERSHEET

1.（40points）Text1The decisionof theNew YorkPhilharmonic tohire AlanGilbert asits nextmusicdirector has been thetalk of the classical-music worldever sincethe suddenannouncementof his appointment in

2009.For themost part,the responsehas beenfavorable,to say the least.uHooray!At last!”wrote AnthonyTommasini,a sober-sidedclassical-music critic2009年纽约交响乐团突然宣布聘用艾伦•吉尔伯特为下一位乐曲指挥，从那时起一CEOs:All theWay Up[C]Top ManagersJump withouta Net[D]The OnlyWay Outfor TopPerformersText3The roughguide tomarketing successused to be thatyou gotwhat youpaid for.No longer.While traditional“paid”media-such astelevision commercialsand printadvertisements-still playa majorrole,companies todaycan exploitmany alternativeformsof media.Consumers passionateabout aproduct maycreate“owned”media bysendinge-mail alertsabout productsand salesto customersregistered withits Website.The wayconsumers nowapproach thebroad rangeof factorsbeyond conventionalpaid media在过去，销售成功的基本法则是种瓜得瓜，一分耕耘一分收获现在不同了o传统的付出方式（媒介，指企业付钱给电视台做广告或者报社做报刊广告）一一电视购物和印刷广告一一虽然仍占主要地位，但是现在的企业可以开发出更多的替代这些媒介的形式对产品有热情的用户可能通过给在自己网站上注册的顾客发关于产品和商品的电邮的提醒，来建立自己的媒介这样用户现在接近了广阔的媒介因素,这些因素超越了传统的付费媒介Paid andowned media are controlled by marketerspromoting theirown products.For earned media,such marketersact as the initiatorfor users responses.But insomecases,one marketer,s ownedmedia becomeanother marketerspaidmedia-forinstance,when ane-commerce retailersells adspace onits Website.We definesuchsold mediaas ownedmedia whosetrafficis sostrong thatother organizationsplace theircontent ore-commerce engineswithinthat environment.This trend,which webelieve isstill inits infancy,effectively beganwith retailersand travelproviders suchas airlinesand hotelsandwill nodoubt gofurther.JohnsonJohnson,for example,has createdBabyCenter,astand-alone mediaproperty thatpromotes complementaryand evencompetitive products.Besides generatingincome,the presenceof othermarketers makesthe siteseemobjective,gives companiesopportunities tolearn valuableinformation abouttheappeal ofother companiesmarketing,and mayhelp expanduser trafficfor allcompaniesconcernedo付费并占有的媒介，是被想促销自己产品的商人控制的而对于白捡的媒介（免费的媒介报道）而言，这种商人的角色仅是作为响应用户需求的第一环（直接面对用户的不是他们）但是在一些案例中，一个商人拥有的媒介成为另一个商人的付费媒介（但有时候，促销产品的商人也直接面对用户，即把别人占有的媒介暂时变成自己占有的媒介）例如，当一个电子商务零售商在自己的网站上出售广告空间时，就是如此我们把这种出售的媒介定义为拥有的媒介这种（出售空间式的）拥有的媒介是如此强大普遍，以致于其他团体把他们的希望（满意；内容；电子商务发动机）寄托在这种环境中这种（寄托）趋势虽然依然在婴儿期，但我们相信这种从零售商和旅行提供商（如航空公司、旅馆）有效起步的趋势会越来越强劲例如强生建立了一个婴儿中心，这是一种杰出的媒介资产，可用于推销提升配套产品，包括那些有竞争力的产品除了带来利润，除了由于其他商人的到场可以使这个地方显得客观可信，以及给各个公司有机会了解有关其他公司需求的有价值的信息，还能有利于拓展所有公司都关心的用户交易The samedramatic technologicalchanges thathave providedmarketerswith more（and morediverse）communications choiceshave alsoincreased theriskthat passionate consumers willvoice theiropinions inquicker,more visible,and muchmoredamaging ways.Such hijacked mediaare the oppositeof earnedmedia:an assetorcampaign becomeshostage toconsumers,other stakeholders,or activistswho makenegativeallegations abouta brandor product.Members ofsocial networks,for instance,are learningthat they can hijackmedia toapply pressureon thebusinesses thatoriginallycreated them这类戏剧性的技术革新给商人带来数量越来越多（种类也越来越多）的通信机会的同时，也同样会提高风险因为热情的用户会更快、更形象、更有破坏力地表达自己的反对，这种被绑架的媒介，与上述的免费利用的媒介背道而驰（不是商人所希望出现的）此时，媒介就像人质一样，成为敌人可用的财产或者发起的一次行动（敌人有用户、其他竞争对手、对某商标或产品向来没有好话的社会活动家）例如，社会网络中的成员正在意识到他们可以绑架媒介，来对建立媒介的那些商人施加压力If thathappens,passionateconsumerswould tryto persuadeothers toboycottproducts,putting thereputation of the targetcompany atrisk.In sucha case,thecompany,sresponsemay not be sufficientlyquick orthoughtful,and thelearning curvehas been steep.Toyota Motor,for example,alleviated someof thedamage fromits recallcrisisearlier thisyear witha relativelyquick andwell-orchestrated social-mediaresponse campaign,which includedefforts toengage withconsumers directlyon sitessuchasTwitter and the social-news siteDig如果这种事情发生了，热情的用户就会努力劝说o其他人抵制产品，使得目标公司声名处于危险之中此时，公司的反应往往不会足够快，也不会足够理性，学习曲线将会变得很陡（学习曲线是表示单位产品生产时间与所生产的产品总数量之间的关系的一条曲线一般情况下，产品总量越大，单个产品生产时间越短也可以表示工人一定时间所犯错误数量与练习时间的关系，一般练习时间越长，单位时间内错误越少这里的曲线陡时大约表示相同产量规模下，现在比原来单个产品所消耗的资源更多，或者说相同练习程度下，一定时间错误更多总之，是比原来更糟糕了）例如丰田汽车，今年早些时候通过相对来说较快和精心策划的行动从车辆召回危机中把损尽量降下来，丰田的行动包括努力请用户进士威特这样的地方，挖掘社会新闻的利用等等

31.Consumers maycreate“earned”media whenthey are[A]obsessed withonline shoppingat certainWeb siteso[B]inspired byproduct-promoting e-mails sentto them0[C]eager tohelp theirfriends promotequality productso[D]enthusiastic aboutrecommending theirfavorite productso

32.According toParagraph2,sold mediafeature[A]a safebusiness environmento[B]random competition[C]strong usertraffico[D]flexibility inorganization

33.The authorindicates inParagraph3that earnedmedia[A]invite constantconflicts withpassionate consumerso[B]can beused toproduce negativeeffects inmarketingo[C]may beresponsible forfiercer competition[D]deserve allthe negativecomments aboutthem

34.Toyota Motors experienceis citedas anexample of[A]responding effectivelyto hijackedmedia[B]persuading customersinto boycottingproductso[C]cooperating withsupportive consumerso[D]taking advantageof hijackedmedia

35.Which of the followingis the text mainlyabout[A]Alternatives toconventional paidmedia[B]Conflict betweenhijacked andearnedmedia[C]Dominance ofhijackedmedia[D]Popularity ofowned mediaText4It sno surprisethat Jennifer Senior,s insightful,provocative magazinecover story,“I loveMy Children,I HateMy Life,“is arousingmuch chatter-nothing getspeopletalking likethe suggestionthat childrearing is anything lessthan acompletelyfulfilling,life-enriching experience.Rather thanconcluding thatchildren makeparentseither happyor miserable,Senior suggestswe need to redefinehappiness:instead ofthinking ofit assomethingthat can be measuredby moment-to—moment joy,we shouldconsider beinghappy asapast-tense condition.Even thoughthe day-to-day experienceof raisingkids canbesoul-crushingly hard,Senior writesthat“the verythings that in themoment dampenourmoods canlater besources ofintense gratification and delighto”毫无疑问，作为有煽动性的杂志封面故事，詹尼弗西尼尔的深刻见解一一“我爱我的孩子们，我讨厌我目前的生活状况”一一可以唤起人们的谈兴可是，人们不会想到，养孩子可不是一件完全令人愉悦、生活充实的事情西尼尔并没有简单地说,孩子使得父母既快乐又痛苦她建议，我们需要重新定义幸福幸福不应该像过去那样被定义为由一个个瞬间的快乐组合而成的东西；我们应该把幸福视为一种过去的状态尽管抚养孩子的日子漫长难熬，令人筋疲力尽，但是西尼尔认为，正是那些心绪沉重的时刻，日后却给我们带来由衷的欣喜The magazinecover showingan attractivemother holdinga cutebaby is hardly theonlyMadonna-and-chi Idimage onnewsstands thisweek.There are also storiesabout newlyadoptive-and newlysingle-mom SandraBullock,as wellastheusual“JenniferAniston ispregnant news.Practically everyweek featuresat leastone celebritymom,or mom-to-be,smiling onthe newsstandso杂志封面上一位有魅力的母亲抱着一个可爱的婴儿，这种圣母与圣子的图画这周在报摊上可不止西尼尔这一起例如杂志上讲到最近刚收养孩子的母亲一一有时是刚变成单身母亲的人一一桑德拉布鲁克，以及那种很常见的“詹尼弗阿尼斯顿怀孕了”的新闻实际上，每周都有至少一位名流母亲、或者准母亲在杂志上笑迎读者In asociety thatso persistentlycelebrates procreation,is itany wonderthatadmitting youregret having children isequivalent toadmitting yousupportkitten-killingIt doesnt seemquite fair,then,to comparethe regretsof parentsto the regretsof thechildren.Unhappy parentsrarely areprovoked to wonder if theyshouldn thave hadkids,but unhappychildless folksare botheredwith the messagethat childrenarethesingle mostimportant thingin theworld:obviously theirmiserymust bea directresult ofthe gapingbaby-size holesin theirliveso在一个坚持不懈地倡导生育的社会中，承认自己后悔生育孩子就相当于承认自己赞同谋杀宠物猫，这难道不值得反思吗把父母亲的后悔与孩子的后悔相提并论（可能指把作为孩子家长的那种辛苦产生的悔恨理解为根源出在孩子身上，从而产生关于生下孩子的后悔），这显然并不合理（因此）不情愿养孩子的父母很少会反思自己是否应该养育孩子但是那不幸福的无孩子的人却为类似“孩子是世上唯一最可珍惜的东西”这样的信息所烦恼显然，他们的不幸必须通过生儿育女才能得以消除Of course,the imageof parenthoodthatcelebrity magazineslike UsWeekly andPeople presentis hugelyunrealistic,especially whenthe parentsare single mothers likeBullock.According toseveralstudies concludingthat parentsare lesshappy thanchildless couples,single parentsarethe leasthappy of all.No shockthere,considering howmuch workit is to raiseakid withouta partnerto leanon;yet tohear Sandraand Britneytell it,raisinga kidon their“own”（read:with round-the-clock help）isapiece ofcake当然，在美国周刊与人这样的杂志上所提供的“社会名流父母亲”现象是不切实际的特别是当“父母亲”是布鲁克这样的单身母亲时更是如此多项研究表明，有孩子的父母很少比没有孩子的夫妇更快乐，而单亲家庭中的家长烦愁尤甚这并不奇怪，因为一个人养一个孩子实在太麻烦了然而，你看看桑德拉和布列尼说的话:自己“一个人”养孩子，其实非常简单（她们当然觉得简单了，因为她们是在周围人全天候的帮助下养着孩子的）It shard toimagine thatmany peopleare dumbenough towant childrenjust becauseReeseand Angelinamake itlook soglamorous:most adultsunderstand that a babyisnot ahaircut.But it s interestingtowonderiftheimages wesee everyweek ofstress-free,happiness-enhancing parenthoodaren,tin some small,subconscious waycontributingto ourown dissatisfactionswith theactual experience,in thesame waythat a smallpart ofus hopedgetting“the Rachelmightmake uslook justa littlebit likeJennifer Aniston当然，要说0很多人傻头傻脑地生育孩子，只是因为里斯和安格丽娜这种名流使这种行为看上去显得诱人，这也是不可能的一一多数成年人其实理解养孩子可不是像做个发型那么简单但是这确实是一件很有趣的值得反思的事情我们每周看的“轻松快乐做父母”的杂志封面，并不是通过潜意识的方式里让我们对（没有孩子的）现实经历不满，而是这些图片在潜意识中让我们有那种想成为雷切尔的心理，但实际上却使得我们看上去有点像詹尼弗亚尼斯顿（大约指雷切尔养孩子显得潇洒，而詹尼弗生养孩子显得狼狈）

36.JenniferSeniorsuggests inher articlethat raisinga childcan bring[A]temporary delight[B]enjoyment inprogress[C]happiness inretrospect[D]lasting reward

37.We learnfrom Paragraph2that[A]celebrity momsareapermanent sourcefor gossipo[B]singlemotherswith babiesdeserve greaterattention[C]news aboutpregnant celebritiesis entertainingo[D]havingchildrenis highlyvalued bythe publico

1..It issuggested inParagraph3that childlessfolks[A]are constantlyexposed tocriticism[B]are largelyignored bythe media[C]fail tofulfill theirsocial responsibilitieso[D]are lesslikely tobe satisfiedwith theirlife

39.According toParagraph4,themessageconveyed bycelebrity magazinesis[A]soothingo[B]ambiguouso[C]compensatoryo[D]misleadingo

40.Which ofthe followingcanbe inferred from the last paragraph[A]Having childrencontributes littleto theglamour ofcelebrity moms0[B]Celebrity momshave influencedour attitudetowards childrearingo[C]Havingchildren intensifiesour dissatisfactionwith life[D]We sometimesneglect thehappiness fromchild rearingoPartBDirections:The followingparagraph aregiven ina wrongorder.For Questions41-45,you arerequiredto reorganizethese paragraphsinto acoherent textbychoosingfrom thelistA~G tofilling theminto thenumbered boxes.Paragraphs Eand Ghave beencorrectlyplaced.Mark youranswers onANSWER SHEET

1.10points[A]No disciplineshave seizedon professionalismwith asmuch enthusiasmas thehumanities.You can,Mr Menandpoints out,became alawyer inthree yearsand amedicaldoctor infour.But theregular timeit takesto geta doctoral degree in the humanitiesisnine years.Not surprisingly,up tohalf of all doctoralstudents in English dropoutbefore gettingtheir degreeso[B]His concernis mainlywith thehumanities:Literature,languages,philosophyand soon.These aredisciplines thatare goingout ofstyle:22%of Americancollegegraduates nowmajor inbusiness comparedwith only2%直到现在，这次任命都成为古典音乐界的话题退一步说，从总体上看，反应还是不错的如冷静的古典音乐评论家安东尼•托姆西尼就这样写从长时间来看，这次委命是英明的One ofthe reasonswhy theappointment cameas sucha surprise,however,is thatGilbertis comparativelylittle known.Even Tommasini,who hadadvocated Gilbertsappointment inthe Times,calls him“an unpretentiousmusician withno airof theformidableconductor abouthim”As adescription ofthe nextmusic directorof anorchestrathat hashitherto beenledbymusicians likeGustav Mahlerand PierreBoulez,that seemslikely tohave struckat leastsome Timesreaders asfaint praise然而，这次任命还是令人意外原因之一在于吉乐伯特名声相对较小就连那时主张雇用吉尔伯特的托姆西尼，也称吉尔伯特其貌不扬，缺乏一位令人敬仰的指挥大师的气质作为对这个很牛的管弦乐队（牛的表现到目前为止一直被牛人领导着）下一任指挥家的描述，这种描述跟虚浮的赞扬一样，确实会令至少一部分泰晤士报的读者觉得愕然不解（让他们觉得不可思议）For mypart,I haveno ideawhether Gilbertisagreat conductoror evena goodone.To besure,he performsan impressivevariety ofinteresting compositions,butit is not necessaryfor meto visitAvery FisherHall,or anywhereelse,to hearinterestingorchestral music.All Ihave todo isto goto myCD shelf,or bootupmy computerand downloadstill morerecorded musicfrom iTuneso就我的观点而言，我不知道吉尔伯特是不是一位伟大的指挥家，甚至连他是不是算好的指挥家也不敢确定可以确信的是，虽然他演出了很多令人印象深刻的有趣的in historyand4%inEnglish.However,many leadingAmerican universitieswant theirundergraduatesto havea groundinginthebasic canonof ideasthat everyeducated personshould posses.But mostfind itdifficult toagree onwhat augeneral education”should looklike.At Harvard,Mr Menandnotes,“the greatbooks areread becausethey havebeen read-theyform asort ofsocial glueo[C]Equally unsurprisingly,only abouthalf endup withprofessorships for whichthey enteredgraduate school.There aresimply toofew posts.This ispartly becauseuniversitiescontinue toproduce evermore PhDs.But fewerstudents wantto studyhumanitiessubjects:English departmentsawarded morebachelor sdegrees in1970-71than theydid20years later.Fewer studentsrequires fewerteachers.So,at theendof adecade oftheses-writing,many humanitiesstudents leavethe professionto dosomethingforwhichthey havenot beentrainedo[D]One reasonwhy itishardto designand teachsuch coursesis that they cancutacross theinsistence bytop Americanuniversities thatliberal-arts educationsandprofessional educationshould bekept separate,taught indifferent schools.Manystudents experienceboth varieties.Although morethan halfof Harvardundergraduatesend upin law,medicine orbusiness,future doctorsand lawyersmust studyanon-specialist liberal-arts degreebefore embarkingonaprofessional qualification[E]Besides professionalizingthe professionsby thisseparation,top Americanuniversitieshave professionalisedthe professor.The growthin publicmoney foracademicresearch hasspeeded theprocess:federal researchgrants rosefourfoldbetween1960and1990,but facultyteaching hoursfell byhalf asresearch tookitstoll.Professionalism hasturned theacquisition ofa doctoraldegree into aprerequisite fora successfulacademic career:as lateas1969a thirdof Americanprofessorsdid notpossess one.But thekey ideabehind professionalisation,arguesMr Menand,is that“the knowledgeand skillsneeded fora particularspecializationare transmissiblebut nottransferable”So disciplinesacquire amonopoly notjustover theproduction of knowledge,but alsoover theproduction ofthe producersofknowledgeo[F]The keyto reforminghigher education,concludes Mr Menand,istoalter thewayin which,the producersofknowledgeare producedo”Otherwise,academics willcontinueto thinkdangerously alike,increasingly detachedfrom thesocieties whichtheystudy,investigate andcriticize”Academic inquiry,at leastinsomefields,may needto becomeless exclusionaryand moreholistico”Yet quitehow thathappens,MrMenanddose notsayo[G]The subtleand intelligentlittle bookThe Marketplace of Ideas:Reform andResistance inthe AmericanUniversity shouldbe readby everystudentthinking ofapplying totake adoctoraldegree.They maythen decideto goelsewhere.For somethingcurious hasbeen happeningin AmericanUniversities,and LouisMenand,a professorof Englishat HarvardUniversity,captured itskillfullyoG

41.一

42.一-AE

43.一

44.一

45.一Part C乐曲然而，我不需要访问Avery FisherHall（可能是纽约交响乐团所在地，即吉尔伯特表演之所），或者其他地方才能听到有趣的管弦乐（作者意思是，不需要听吉尔伯特，到处可以听到有趣的管弦乐）我所做的，只需要到我的CD棚里去，随便打开我的电脑，从ITUNES上就可下载比那（当指吉尔伯特表演的）多得多的类似的音乐Devoted concertgoerswho replythat recordingsare nosubstitute forliveperformance aremissing thepoint.For thetime,attention,and moneyoftheart-lovingpublic,classical instrumentalistsmust competenot onlywith operahouses,dancetroupes,theater companies,and museums,but alsowith therecorded performancesofthe greatclassical musiciansofthe20th century.There recordingsare cheap,available everywhere,and veryoften muchhigher inartistic qualitythan todayslive performances;moreover,theycanbe“consumed”atatime andplaceofthelistener,s choosing.The widespreadavailability ofsuch recordingshas thusbroughtabout acrisis inthe institutionofthe traditional classicalconcerto对于唱片，那些专门参加音乐会的人会说，现场表演是不可替代的他们显然忽视了一个要点为了替音乐爱好者节省时间、精力、金钱考虑，古典乐曲表演表不仅要在各种表演场所进行竞争，还要在记录这些行为的媒介上竞争记在唱片上的表演比现场表演更便宜，更易得，甚至质量更好而且它们的消费时间地点可以任由听者选择因此，这种唱片的广泛应用，给传统音乐会带来了生存危机One possibleresponse isfor classicalperformers toprogram attractivenew musicthatisnotyet availableon record.Gilberts owninterest innew musichasbeenwidelynoted:Alex Ross,a classical-music critic,has describedhim asa manwho iscapableof turningthe Philharmonicintoamarkedly different,more vibrantorganization”But whatwill bethe natureof thatdifference Merelyexpanding theorchestra,srepertoire willnotbeenough.If GilbertandthePhilharmonic areto succeed,theymust firstchange therelationship betweenAmerica,s oldestorchestra andthe newaudienceit hopsto attracto一个可能的应对方式（解决办法）是古典音乐表演者发明有吸引力的从唱片上听不到的曲子吉尔伯特在新音乐方面投入了自己的兴趣，这已广被人知如古典音乐评论家罗斯就把吉尔伯特描述成一个可以扭转交响乐方向的人，认为他把交响乐带进了一个明显不同的更有活力的天地但是，这种“不同”的实质是什么呢仅仅扩展交响乐的节目是不够的吉尔伯特和交响乐要想取得成功，必须首先改变美国旧的管弦乐和它们想吸引的新的听众之间的关系

21.We learnfrom Para.1that Gilberts appointmenthas[A]incurred criticismraisedsuspicion[C]received acclaim[D]aroused curiosity

22.Tommasini regardsGilbert asan artistwho is[A]influentialo modesto©respectable[D]talentedo

23.The authorbelieves thatthe devotedconcertgoers[A]ignore theexpenses oflive performancesorejectmost kindsof recordedperformanceso[C]exaggerate thevariety oflive performanceso[D]overestimate thevalue oflive performanceso

24.According to thetext,which ofthe followingis trueof recordings[A]They areoften inferiorto liveconcerts inqualityThey areeasily accessibletothegeneral publico[C]They helpimprove thequality ofmusico[D]They haveonly coveredmasterpieceso

25.Regarding Gilbertsrole inrevitalizing thePhilharmonic,the authorfeels[A]doubtfuloenthusiastico[C]confidento[D]puzzledoText2When LiamMcGee departedas presidentof Bankof Americain August,his explanationwassurprisingly straightup.Rather thancloaking hisexit intheusual vagueexcuses,he cameright outand saidhe wasleaving“to pursuemy goalofrunning acompany”Broadcasting hisambition was“very muchmy decision,“McGeeosays.Within twoweeks,he wastalking for the firsttime with the boardof HartfordFinancialServices Group,which namedhim CEOand chairmanon September

29.当列姆•麦克杰八月份从美国银行任上离职时，他的解释确实令人意外与通常会用的模糊理由不同的是，他直率地说，他离开是为了找一家公司当管理者，而那是他一向就有的追求他说，作出这一选择纯属个人原因两周之内，他与哈佛财务服务集团的董事会实现了首次会谈，这一集团在9月29日聘他担任CEOMcGee saysleaving withouta positionlined upgave himtime toreflect onwhatkind ofcompany hewanted torun.It alsosent aclear messagetotheoutside worldabouthis aspirations.And McGeeisn talone.In recentweeks theNo.2executivesat Avonand AmericanExpress quitwiththeexplanation thatthey werelooking foraCEO post.As boardsscrutinize successionplans inresponse toshareholder pressure,executives whodon tget thenod alsomay wishto moveon.A turbulentbusinessenvironment alsohas seniormanagers cautiousof lettingvague pronouncementscloudtheir reputationso麦克杰说，他离开时并没有确定的目标，这使他得以思考自己究竟想管理什么样的公司这同时也可以让他向外界展示自己的魄力无独有偶（并不只有他才有这种雄心）最近几周，雅芳公司和美国联邦快递公司的第二执行官都离开自己的公司，他们的解释都是想当CEOo由于股东施压，董事会需要审查继承人方案，还没有被准许离开的这几位执行官肯定希望事情早点出来结果商业环境复杂异常，这使得高级经理人员不愿用模糊的声明来损害自己的名声As thefirst signsof recoverybegin totake hold,deputy chiefsmay bemore willingtomake thejump withouta net.In thethird quarter,CEO turnoverwas down23%froma yearago asnervous boardsstuck withthe leadersthey had,according toLiberumResearch.As theeconomy picksup,opportunities willabound foraspiring leaderso随着经济开始出现复苏的迹象，这些希望离任者可能在还没行找到下家时就跳槽根据“登记册”研究机构的报告，在第三季度，CEO营业额从一年前开始下降了23%,把那些紧跟在这些领导人身后的董事会也弄得神经兮兮由于经济复苏，那些有抱负的领导人将大有机会The decisionto quita seniorposition tolook fora betterone isunconventional.For yearsexecutives andheadhunters haveadhered tothe rulethatthemost attractiveCEOcandidates arethe oneswho mustbe poached.Says Korn/Ferry seniorpartner DennisCarey:I cant thinkofasingle searchI vedone wherea boardhas notinstructedme tolook atsitting CEOsfirsto”放弃高级职位去寻找更好的职位，这种决定是非同寻常的，过去可不常见多年来,执行官和猎头们都坚持认为，最好的CEO候选人需要去挖别人的墙角才能得到（而不是那些主动离开原岗位的人）某某猎头说，当董事会还没有委托我先去找一个还在任上的CEO时，我不能去考虑那些我在网上一搜就有的人Those whojumped withouta jobhaven,t alwayslanded intop positionsquickly.Ellen Marramquit aschief ofTropicana adecade ago,saying shewanted tobea CEO.It wasa yearbefore shebecame headofatiny Internet-based commoditiesexchange.Robert Willumstadleft Citigroupin2005with ambitionstobea CEO.Hefinally tookthat postatamajor financialinstitution threeyears latero那些没有工作去向就跳槽的人不会总是很快找到理想岗位十年前爱伦・马拉姆从T公司领导人的位子上退下，也是为了当一个CEO一年前她才成为一家小型电子交易所的领导人罗伯特在2005年为了当CEO而离开，他最终在一家重要的财务机构找到这种工作是在三年之后Many recruiterssaytheold disgraceis fadingfor top performers.The financialcrisishas madeit moreacceptable tobe betweenjobs orto leavea badone.The traditionalrulewas its safer to staywhere youare,but thatsbeenfundamentally inverted,“says oneheadhunter.“The peoplewho vebeen hurtthe worstare thosewho vestayedtoo longo”许多招聘人表示，对于那些最好的演员来说，旧的耻辱正在淡忘财务危机使得在两个工作机会之间进行选择或者离开更坏的工作这样的行为变得可以接受“传统规则是，最好呆在你原来的地方，但现在这种规则被从根本上颠覆了”一个猎头说，“在一个地方呆得越久，就越容易受损”

26.When McGeeannounced hisdeparture,his mannercan bestbe describedas being[A]arrogantofranko[C]self-centeredo[D]impulsive

27.According toParagraph2,senior executivesquitting maybe spurredby[A]their expectationof betterfinancial statustheirneedtoreflect ontheir privatelife[C]their strainedrelations withthe boardso[D]their pursuitof newcareer goalso

28.The word“poached”Line3,Paragraph4most probablymeans[A]approved ofoattendedto[C]hunted for[D]guarded againsto

29.It canbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat[A]top performersused tocling totheir postsoloyaltyof topperformers isgetting out-dated[C]topperformerscare moreabout reputations[D]itssafertostick tothetraditionalrules

30.Which ofthefollowingis thebest titleforthetext[A]CEOs:Where toGo。