重难点39 短文填空之首字母填空-2023年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（全国）（原卷版）2

专项五中考题型重难点短文填空之首字母填空39短文首字母填空题型满分技巧跳过空格，不看选项，快速地阅读全文，从整体上感知全文，掌握大意，了解全篇的内容和要旨

1.快速阅读时宁粗勿细，切忌只盯住一个句子仓促解题，这样势必因胸无全局而误入歧途快速阅读时，还要注意找出关键词，这些词在文中起支撑骨架的功能，抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索特别是要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意复读短文，确定语义，判断词形

2.把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填词的正确形式如短文难度较大，尤其是难于选词时，从本句的前后观察中一时尚不得要领，就要进一步扩大到上下文中分析三读短文，上下参照，验证答案

3.在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑1命题趋势首字母填空是根据句意和已给出的首字母，在句子的空白处填上适当的单词，使句子意思完整，语法正确的一种题型该题型既考查学生的单词记忆和拼写能力，又考查学生对句子的理解和运用能力典例解析（.甘肃甘南.统考中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，把所缺单词填写在后面的横线上2022Andy wasborn in China15years ago.In2021,she m1to theUSA withher family.As ahigh schoolstudentshe hasfound manydifferences b2Chinese andAmericans.Grand Canalin China.Why notcome andvisit ityourself（2022•江苏连云港・统考中考真题）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词Erhu isone of the mostimportant Chineseinstruments.It has a history of o981,000years.It issaidthat Erhudid notget itsname u99the lateQing Dynasty.It has been improvedgradually sinceit appeared.It isalso c100the Chineseviolin becauseits toneis assoft andbright as the violins.There aremany w101pieces ofmusic playedbyErhu,such asThe MoonReflected on the Er-quan Spring.You cango ande102the charmof them.I hopeyou911lovethem.（.江苏南京.统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在相应位置上2022Chuck Wallteaches managementand humanrelations atBakersfield College.He walkedinto classone dayand told（任意的）his studentsthat theirh103was to perform oneact ofrandom kindness.His studentsdid notunderstand the（任务）,assignment but the professorwould notanswer theirquestions.He e104his studentsto findit outfor themselves.One weeklater,the studentsentered the classroom,excited to s105their stories.One studenttold ofdistributingblankets to the homeless,another hadcontacted along,lost friend,and anotherstudent r106that hehad helpeda dogto（激励）find its owner.Students wereenergized bythe homeworkassignment andwanted other people to be kindtoo.W107the supportof localbusinesses,the studentsmade stickersto puton carsthat invitedpeople to do somethingk108forothers.They soldthe stickersand decidedto donatethe moneyto acenter forthe blind-not surprisingas ProfessorWall isblind.Since then,s109kindness activitieshave beenorganized inschools allover the world.Many schoolsorganize aRandomActs ofKindness Week,a110November13,to celebrateWorld KindnessDay.Some schoolsuse eachday ofRandomActs ofKindness Weekto performd111kind acts,such asmaking a new friend,helping someone,doingcommunity service,or raisingmoney for a charity.Students learnto c112otherpeopleand thinkabout howsmall actionscan makethe worlda betterplace.For example,many Americanparents thinkthere isno n3to send their children to anexpensive school.H4,its differentinChina.Many Chinese parents would do anything to send their children to expensiveschools,a5their familyisnt richenough.【短文大意】本文主要介绍了中国和美国在教育上的差别【答案解析】句意年，她和家人搬到了美国根据及首字母可知，搬到了美国，

1.2021she…to theUSA withher family”搬”,结合时间状语合可知,动词用过去式，故填move“In20moved句意作为一名高中生，她发现了中美之间的许多差异根据及首字母可知，此处

3.there isno…to sendtheir children及首字母可知，此处用表示“没有必要做某事”，故填to anexpensive school”there isno needtodosth needo句意:然而，这在中国是不同的

4.many Americanparents thinkthere isno...to sendtheir childrento anexpensive与是转折关系，school Many Chineseparentswould doanything tosendtheirchildrentoexpensive schools”然而，故填however“However.句意许多中国父母会不惜一切把孩子送到昂贵的学校，尽管他们的家庭并不富裕5“ManyChineseparents与是让步关系，woulddoanythingtosendtheirchildrentoexpensive schoolstheir familyisnt richenough”although引导让步状语从句，故填although限时检测.山东东营.统考中考真题阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单司2022I“Ugh,meat pieagain Ih1meat pie!Matt shouted.I wonteat it!”爆发Matts momand dadlooked ateach other.Matfs angryoutbursts werealways happeningthis month.接管“Matt,were going to letyou takeover dinnertimefrom nowon JMom said.“Well,were goingto eatg2food everynight!^^Matt answeredhappily.The nextday,Dad helpedMatt makethe mealplan.Were goingto havechicken tonight,and spaghettitomorrow,Matt started.“Woah,wait aminute JDad said.“What elseare wegoingto have with the chickenWe needtohave at leastone v3with eachmeal.”“We canhave cabbage J Matt said.“Sophia doesnot like cabbageJsaid Dad.“Well,its mychoice,s4Im goingto cookit,“Matt replied.（抱怨）OK,but she might complain at dinner.Are youready forthat”Dad asked.“Yeah,maybe JMatt answered.Almost every time Mattpicked somethingout,his dadwould tellhim thatsomeone wouldntlike it.It wasvery（令人懊恼的）.frustrating“This isimpossible!”Matt saidangrily.“Yes,it ishard.Everyone hasd5tastes,and sometimes,we justcant please（使）甫;意）everyone.v“Fine,well gowith thisplan thisweek.Next weekIll tryto makeeveryone happy,“replied Matt.It wastime forMatt to make hisf6meal,so his parents bothcame to help him.He hadntcooked before.It tookalmostan hourto makedinner.He wastired andhungry,but hewas soproud ofh7-hemade dinner!Ew,this ricetastes strange,Sophia said.Matt tooka bite.It didtaste alittle strange.But hedworked sohard!He feltlikehemightc8“I dontlikecabbage,“shouted Sophia.Matt realizedthen howhisparentsmust feeleverytimehe complained aboutdinner.It wasimpossible tomake suree9liked everypart ofevery meal!Im sorry,Sophia.Tm sorry,Mom andDad.I shouldnthave shoutedat youabout dinnerall thetime.T dontwant totakeover dinneranymore,I wontcomplain JMattsaid.“Thank you,Matt JMom andDad said.Dad continued,Well takeback dinnerresponsibilities.You canoffer somehelpif youlike!”Matt felta lotbetter.He happilyfinished hisdinner andn10complainedabouta mealagain.（.上海.统考中考真题）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺每空格限填一词，首字母已给2022出Which wouldyou ratherspend yourmoney on,an outingwith friendsor apair ofexpensive shoesIt ismy opinionthatspending money on experiencesbrings greaterhappiness.My firstr11is thatexperiences makeus differentas wegrow.We arenot the result of the thingsweve bought.Instead,we are the resultof everythingweve seenand done.For example,getting expensiveclothes didntc12me asaperson,butthecamping triplast summercertainly did.It mademe moreindependent.In addition,I p13experiences because they bringpeople together.Sharing anew experiencedevelops strongerrelationshipsand createslong-lasting memories.Three yearsago Imet someteenagers ona studytrip andnow I am s14intouch withthem,but Ihardly rememberwhat Ibought during the trip.My finalpoint isthat,although some people sayit isa greatj15to ownthings,I thinkusing thethings youown ismorepleasant.For example,I spendmost ofmy sparemoneyonnew partsfor myold mountainbike,but Ilove theexperienceof c16not owningbike parts!To sumup,experiences makeus whowe are and developstronger relationships.So nexttime beforeyou payforsomething,give itsome s17thought.Ask yourself,Which willI spendmy moneyon,an outingorapair ofshoes”（.江苏盐城.统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整2022Besides cooking,I dida lotof f24work inmy childhood.I gotto knowhow toplant vegetables.T25it washard work,the experiencetaught methings thatmany ofmy friendsstill dontknow.For example,the partof a（芽）potato thathas sproutscan beplanted asa seed.I oncediscussed thiswith my friends fromthe city.They thoughtitwas ap26that theydidnt havethe chanceto learnthese things in theirlives.Some mightsay wecan learnthese thingsfrom textbooks.But itcant compareto thej27of learningfirsthand,watching plantsblossom andgrow.It bringsanewway tolook at the world.（

2022.江苏南通・统考中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺Eat YourGreens!I havenever beena fanof vegetables.But mybest friendloves them.Eat yourgreens!,he alwayssays.So Idecide tolearnsomething moreabout them.Plants area very important partof ourdiet.Because of thec28their leavesvegetables areoften calledgreens”.They（营养）p29all kindsof nutritionthat areveryimportantfor ourbodies.For example,vitamin Cgives ushealthy skin,and（钙）calcium keepsour boness30Others helpto keepour hearts,blood andmuscles healthyEating vegetablesdoes notmakeus f31becausethey are lowin calories.Its saidthat thereare over80,000different kindsof plantswhich can be eatenon Earth.However,90percent of thefoods weeat c32from just30plants.This isnot becausetheyarethe mostnutritious,but becausetheyarethee33to grow.It issuggested toeat atleast fivedifferent vegetablesevery day.Its agood h34tomakevegetables amain partof eachmeal.However,somepeoplethink thatvegetables arenot sopopular compared with meat,so whenvegetables areservedtogether withmeat,they oftenc35meat instead of vegetables.Others thinkvegetables arecooked in an unskillfulway,making themnot d36In orderto helpme havea healthydiet,myfriendgives megood a37on howto cooktasty vegetables.I amon mywayto ahealthier lifestyle.（.江苏镇江,统考中考真题）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一2022词To many young Chinesepeople,Premier Zhou Enlai isknown asa keyfounder ofthe NewChina.But f38peopleknow heonce wrote a martialarts novelcalled JinGuo YingXiong.Recently,a SinaWeibo userm39this novelwritten byZhou morethan acentury ago.Many youngpeople showedastrong i40in itand theiradmiration forthe earlypioneers of China.Another userposted thefirst pageofthe novel which（笔名）Zhou wroteatthea41of

16.It waspublished underZhous pseudonymFei Fei“in amagazine beginninginOctober,

1914.However,thenovelwas nevercompleted,but itcanbefound a42The EarlyWorks ofZhouEnlaiwerepublished bythe CentralParty LiteraturePress in

1998.A43manyyoungpeople expressedthe regretthat Zhoudid notgo onwiththenovel,they saidhe playeda moreimportantrole inChinas history.One wroteThe novelwas stoppedbut PremierZhou wenton tos44the Chinesenationout ofdanger!”Another added,“He gaveup anovel,but hewroteahistoryofm45China.A29-year-old computerengineersaid,The pioneersofChinaare spiritualleaders fbrme.Remembering themhelped mebuild upther46values.When I face problemsin life,Iamalways remindednot tof47the livesof thosepioneers.The difficultiesIfacenow arenothingcomparedwithwhat theyexperienced.”（2022・江苏徐州・统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺When peoplemeet strangers,they oftenhave smalltalks.These talksareagood wayfor peopletos48hello.Thetalks covermany topics,such asweather,films,sports,TV showso49the latestnews.But weshould alwayskeep itinmind thatp50subjects aboutmoney,age,and weightshould be avoided.Besides,its betterto askopen-ended questions.If youask,“Do youlike ourcity”They maysay s51“Yes”.If youask,“What doyou thinkof ourcity Theywill havemorefreedom inanswering.This typeof questionalso showsthat youare interestedin them.If youseem interestedin w52people aresaying,they willfeel morecomfortable talkingwith you.（.江苏泰州.统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺（请在答2022题卡上写出完整单词）It wasa beautifulfall day.I wasout ridingmy bicycle.I guessedI rodeover ahole in the road.All of a sudden,（砰）！WHAM Ifell off my bicycle.My rightside reallyh53!My headhit theground h

54.1lay therefor afew minutes.I triedto getup,b55I failed!”There mustbe s56wrongwith me,“I thought.I feltso t57that Ihad tostill liethere.Then Isaw b58on myshoe.My hand and kneewere bleeding.As Ilay there,I tookoffmy helmet.There wasa sharprock stickingout ofit.I lookedat itin f

59.Thank goodnessIwore myhelmet!I shoutedfor help.At thattime,a truckwent by.The drivers60his truck and cametohelpme.He putmy bicycleinthe backof histruckanddrove meto thehospital.（拥抱）.When mymother gotto thehospital,she gaveme abig hug“Im soglad youwere wearingyour helmet.Thehelmet savedyour life/9she said.She knewI wasc61before anddid notalways wearmyhelmet.“Mum,it wasnot thehelmeti62that savedmy life,but safetyawareness did.Til ridemy bicyclewith greatcare lateron!”（.广东广州.统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词注意使用正确形式，每2022空限填一词答卷时，要求写出完整单词Dunbuang isa historiccity inGansu.In ancienttimes,Dunhuang wasan importantc63of trade.As theSilk Roaddeveloped,Dunhuang becameChinas westerngateway to theworld.Here,different culturesmet andinfluenced eachother.People fromf64countries didbusiness andcommunicated withthe localpeople.（莫高窟）If youv65Dunhuang,you willbe ableto seethe Mogao Caves.If youwalk i66,you willdiscover someofthewonderful artworks.There areover45,000square metresof beautifulpaintings on the cavewalls,as wellas thousandsof statues.Over theyears,China hasmade greatefforts toprotect theMogaoCaves.Today,you canalso findhigh-quality photosofthe artworksontheInternet.People allover theworld nowhaveac67to seeDunhuangs treasuresonline.（.湖北武汉.统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出2022Erie Greenhas alwayswondered aboutthings thatlive in the ocean.When hewas y68,he lovedto（潜水面罩）.swim.He likedto watchall kindsof underwater animals and plants throughhis maskWhen hegrew up,hewanted to169for newthingsin the ocean.（海洋生态学家）.Today,Mr.Green isa marineecologist Hestudies howunderwateranimalsand plantsconnect witheachother andneed eachother tostay a70（珊瑚）Mr.Green studiescoral reefsin thePacific Ocean.A coral reef islike abig underwatert71Thousands ofanimalsandplantslive there.They competefor foodand spacethere.As aresult,the beautifulcoral reefs get i72easily.Mr.Green alsostudies howpeoples actionscan changecoral reefs.Sometimes peoplepollute the water oroverfish,sothe w73that all the living things arejoined togetherhasbeenchanged.If coralreefsgethurt,many animalshave tofindnew homes.Some animals9n74drop low,and someanimals justdisappear.Mr.Green wantstop75this fromhappening.Mr.Green believesthat alllivingthingsinacoralreefshould bek76safe.Underwater ecosystemsare likeairplanesJ Mr.Green says.They needall oftheir partsto workcorrectly.^^To takebetter careof marinehomes,we firstmust k77them.Only throughthat,can weunderstand thegreat influencehumans haveon theseplaces.Mr.Green says.（.天津.统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整每空限填一词2022（肯尼亚）,In thesmall villagesof KenyaAfrica,most kidswant toread books.But noroads goto theirhomes,onlymiles andmiles ofsand.Cars andtrucks arenot useful,s78library books arrive onthe backsof camels.Camels can handle（应彳寸）（图书管理员）the sand and thebooks.Two camels,a cameldriver,andalibrarian w79to thevillages together.One camelcarries about180kilos ofbooks,and theother carriesa tent.At eachvillage,the librariansets upthe tentandshows theb80tothekids inside.Two weekslater,the camelsc81back withnew books.傣国）Some peopleinthemountains ofnorthern Thailandget books inad82way.Their183are carriedbyelephants.These animalscanhandlethe difficultjourney.Because theyare large,they cancarry manybooks inmetal cases（金属箱）.The metalprotects thebooks fromthe heavyrains thatf84inthearea.（度尼西亚）Indonesia E[J hasitsowndifficulties.The countryhas over17,000islands.Most people（容纳）t85by boatand theyalso carrytheir booksby boat.A libraryboat holdsabout500booksinboxes.（交换）Boxes ofbooks areleft invillages andare tradedfor newbooksafew weeks186For peoplewho livefar andcant getto a library,alibrarythat comesto thembrings morethan books.It bringsa wholew87of information.（2022・江苏扬州・统考中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式（每空一词）（大运河）The Grand Canal isa man-made waterwaythat runsnorth andsouth ineastern China.Dating back2,500years andstretching1,794kilometers,it isamong theworlds oldestand188canals.Yangzhou ChinaGrand Canal Museum is locatedonthebank ofthe ancientGrandCanalin Yangzhou,one ofthe eightc89in Jiangsuprovincesitting alongthe GrandCanal.The museumo90its doorstothepublic onJune16,

2021.It coversan areaof some80,000square meters.It hastwostructures:a four-story buildinginthes91ofagiant shipwaiting toset sail,anda100-meter-tall Tang-Dynasty-styletower.（展览）.The museumhas11themed exhibitionsThey aretelling theh92ofthe Sui-Tang GrandCanal builtduring（）theSuiand TangDynasties581-907,the Beijing-Hangzhou GrandCanal andthe EastZhejiang Canal.These canalsoffer（灌溉）a wealthof historicand culturalattractions w93they continuetobeused fortransport,irrigation andflood control.The

25.7-meter-long,8-meter-high ancientBian Riversection isc94by manyasthetreasure ofthe museum”.（展品）So far,the museumhas over10,000exhibits,including20groups oflarge ones,making itthe bestcollectionto showthe grandnessofthe canal andh95people changednature.（老式的）Passing t96the exhibitionhall andinto theantiquated streets,visitors cansee restaurantsand shopsalongthe street,as ifwalking inthewatervillage onthecanalduringtheMing andQing Dynasties.Yangzhou ChinaGrandCanalMuseumisdifferent fromalltheother m97which arethemed ontheI grewup inthe countryside.At around10years old,I beganto learncooking.The firstskill Imastered was（面团）.making doughSince myparents oftencame home118a prepareddough wouldhelp myfamilyhave suppersooner.I thoughtit wouldbe e19because Ioften sawmy mumdo it-just mixwater andflour,right Notquite!It turnedout tobeam20for awhile.First Imade thedough toosoft.Then Imadeit toohard.But asI kepttrying,I learnedthe trick.Later,I cookedfried dishesand thingslike dumplingsand If21in lovewith cooking.ItI*******9sagoodway torelax.More importantly,thanks tomy cookingskill,I livebetter d22the COVID-19pandemic.Now workingat home,I cookevery mealinsteadofordering takeout.It s23money andI donthave towaitfor deliverydrivers tofeed me.。