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单元话题完形填空练习Unit4(名校最新真题)(2022•河南・洛宁县第一高级中学高一阶段练习)Around50Mars missionshave beenlaunched globallyso farsince
1960.Yet more than halfof themhave]to reachthe planetsome55million kilometersaway from the Earth.So afterChinasMars probe,Tianwen1,was2on July23last year,there was an3wait forits progress.The craft landed4on thesurface of the planeton Saturday.The newshas beenmet withboth5and celebrationin the country.The landingwas6exactly asplanned,which has made Chinathe latestmember ofthe club of the worlds pioneering
7.and showsthat China has8thetechnologies independently.It is the can-do spiritthat hasplayed akey rolein Chinasscientific andtechnological developmentin recentdecades9some failuresin exploringouter space.China madeits early10in rocketand spacetechnologies startingfrom the1960s when thecountry largely a backward agricultural country.12,the country has made the most ofwhat it had over the past more than six decades,making effortsto moveahead in the aerospacecause.Late lastmonth,China sentTianhe intospace,13a seriesof launchesthat will complete the building of the spacestation around
2022.All theseachievements have14greatly tothe peacefuluse ofouter space.During its Marsmission,China hasworked withEuropean15and othercountries andwill help push humankind to
1.A.begun B.failed C,attempted D.succeeded
2.A.transported B,discovered C.launched D.settled
3.A.anxious B.aware C.awkward D.amazing
4.A.suddenly B.safely C.calmly D.obviously
5.A.protest B,regret C.pity D.relief
6.A.carried awayB.carried offC.carried outD.carried on
7.A.explorers B.applicants C.officials D.editors
8.A.borrowed B.selected C.developed D.removed
9.A.without B.beyond C.except D.despite
10.A.promises B.impacts C.inventions D.breakthroughs
11.A.became B.remained C.ended D.started这里指地球的年龄故选travel faster and farther in the future.B考查形容词词义辨析句意说,与木星和土星一样,它“没有岩石表面,也不可能是宜居的
22.NASA“A.可再生的;宜居的;可探测的;可行的根据上文renewable B.habitable C.detectable D.feasible“it hasno rocky可知,它没有岩石表面,所以也不可能是宜居的故选surface”B考查名词词义辨析句意系外行星的存在通常是在来自遥远恒星的光线每隔一段时间变得不那么明亮时
23.才被探测到的,这表明一颗行星在每一轨道上经过它的表面一次,就像一次微小的日偏食形成;A.form B.成分;存在;轨道根据下文component C.existence D.orbit isusually detectedwhen thelight from a distantstar可知,这里指探测到系外行星的存在故选appears to become less9at regularintervals”C考查形容词词义辨析句意见第题详解温柔的;自然的;温暖的;
24.8A.gentle B.natural C.warm D.bright亮的根据下文可知,当来“suggesting that a planetis passingacross itsface onceper orbitlike atiny partialeclipse”自遥远恒星的光线每隔一段时间变得不那么明亮时,系外行星才能被探测到故选D考查连词词义辨析句意拍摄一颗系外行星的直接图像是极其困难的,因为它们比它们所环绕的恒星要
25.暗几千倍因为;尽管;除非;好像根据这句话上下文意思可知,两A.because B.although C.unless D.as if个小分句之间是因果关系故选A
26.考查动词短语辨析句意詹姆斯・韦伯JamesWebb使用一种称为日冕仪的仪器来阻挡位于半人马座的HiP65426b主星发出的光线,“获得这张照片感觉就像在挖掘太空宝藏,”加州大学的研究员艾伦・卡特Aarynn说留神;弄明白;阻挡;制作根据上文Carter A.look outB.find outC.block outD.make out“It isextremely difficult可知,因为这to capturea directimage of an exoplanet10they arethousands oftimes fainterthan thestars they orbit.”颗行星本身的光很弱,所以要阻挡亮的主星发出的光线才能看到它故选C考查动词短语辨析句意见第题详解挖掘;隐藏于;带出来;
27.11A.digging forB.hiding fromC.bringing outD.mixing into混合于根据上文“James Webbused aninstrument calleda coronagraphto11light fromHiP65426b,s host可知,因为这颗行星本身的光很弱,所以要阻挡亮的主星发出的光线才能看到它,所以感觉就像在挖掘太star,”空宝藏,这个过程是很困难的故选A考查名词词义辨析句意这些图像可以为亿年前木星和土星在婴儿时期的样子提供线索婴
28.40A.infancy儿;儿时;青年;顶峰根据上文可知,B.childhood C.youth D.peak“The planetis only15to20million yearsold”这颗行星只有万至万年的历史,所以相对于亿年,应该是婴儿时期故选1500200040A考查介词短语辨析句意美国国家航空航天局表示,“韦伯在更长的红外波长下的观察显示了新的细节,
29.由于地球大气层的固有红外辐射,地面望远镜无法探测到这些细节以防万一;以…A.in caseof B.in theway of的方式;不考虑;因为根据上文C.regardless ofD.owing to“ground—based telescopeswould not be able to detect”可知,地面望远镜无法探测到这些细节,应该是由于地球大气层的固有红外辐射故选D考查形容词词义辨析句意该望远镜已经被用于分析另一颗系外行星上大气的化学组成,通
30.WASP-39b过分析穿过云层的光谱来探测二氧化碳化学的;物理的;心理的;A.chemical B.physical C.psychological D.医学的根据下文可知,这里指探测另一颗系外行星上的化学物质故选medical“detecting carbondioxide”A
31.B
32.D
33.C
34.A
35.D
36.B
37.C
38.A
39.D
40.C
41.B
42.A
43.A
44.B
45.C【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了一项实验,六名成员经过长达近一年与世隔绝的“火星生活”体验,总结了人类移居火星前应该具备的四种能力考查名词词义辨析句意他们是模拟火星任务的成员,在这座建筑物里生活了将近一年,与世界其他地
31.方隔绝队长;成员;宇航员;导演根据上文的和A.captains B.members C.astronauts D.directors“six people”文章第四段中的可知,句中的代指的是上文提到的从建筑物中出来的六个人,他们是这“group members”“They”次任务的小组成员故选项B考查动词/动词短语词义辨析句意他们是模拟火星任务的成员,在这座建筑物里生活了将近一年,与世
32.界其他地方隔绝拉;保持自由;保护;隔离,阻断根据句中A.pulled B.kept freeC.protected D.cut off“a simulated(模拟的)可知,他们在进行一个模拟火星的任务,由此可知,他们模拟在火星上的生活,待mission to Mars”在建筑物里不出来,与世界其他地方隔绝了,”意为”与……隔绝”故选项“cut offfrom…D考查名词词义辨析句意这次火星任务是一项正在进行的实验的一部分,旨在探索人类如何应对生活在
33.另一个星球上的挑战解释;假期;实验;游戏根据下文A.explanation B.holiday C.experiment D.game“Based on中的可知,句中的火星任务是一项正在进行的the of the experiment so farexperiment”实验的一部分故选项C.考查名词词义辨析句意根据目前为止的实验结果,以下是你在火星上生存所需的四种能力结34A.results果;起源;愿望;要求根据句中B.origins C.wishes D.requirements“here arefour abilitiesyou wouldneed toon Mars”可知,下文介绍了在火星上生存所需的四种能力,这四种能力应该是通过实验结果总结出来的,由此可知,句中指根据目前为止的实验结果故选项A考查动词词义辨析句意根据目前为止的实验结果,以下是你在火星上生存所需的四种能力拒
35.A.refuse绝;复制;争论;生存根据上文B.copy C.argue D.survive“how peoplewould dealwith thechallenges ofliving on可知,这次实验旨在探索人类如何生活在另一个星球上,由此可知,实验结果展示的是在另一个another planet”星球上生存所需的能力故选项D考查名词词义辨析句意当供水系统中断时,该小组有两个选择任务;选择;
36.A.tasks B.choices C.dreams梦想;条件根据下文D.conditions“They couldfigure outhow tofix itor theycould months for可知,当供水系统中断时,他们可以想办法解决问题,也可以等从“地球”supplies tobe deliveredfrom“Earth”运送来的物资,由此可知,这是该小组面临的两个选择故选项B考查动词词义辨析句意他们可以想办法修理它,也可以等几个月再从“地球”运来物资——到那时他
37.们就死定了所以他们自己修好了传播;准备;等待;离开根据句中A.spread B.prepare C.wait D.leave“by可知,等从“地球”运来物资时,他们就死定了,由此可知,要想获得从地球运which pointthey would be dead”送来的物资,需要等待几个月故选项C考查动词词义辨析句意所以他们自己修好了修理;给浇水;呼叫;
38.A.fixed B.watered C.called D.planted种植根据上文中的可知,他们可以选择想办法修理它,由此可知,他“They couldfigure outhow tofix it”fix”们没有等待“地球”运来的物资,而是自己修好了供水系统故选项A考查名词词义辨析句意:小组成员表示,无聊是一个重大挑战渴望;习惯;能力;
39.A.desire B.habit C.ability挑战根据下文可知,在火星上,你不会有或D.challenge“On Mars,you wouldnt have Netflix or Xbox”Netflix等娱乐活动,你会感到无聊,由此可知,无聊对小组成员来说是一个重大挑战故选项Xbox D考查动词词义辨析句意在火星上,你不会有或所以你必须找到其他形式的娱乐活动
40.Netflix Xbox,A.limit限制;忘记;找到;跳跃根据句中可知,在B.forget C.find D.leap On Mars,you wouldnthave Netflixor Xbox”火星上,你不会有或等娱乐活动,由此可知,你必须找到其他形式的娱乐活动故选项Netflix XboxC考查副词词义辨析句意如果你很容易被人惹恼,火星上的生活可能不适合你几乎不;
41.A.hardly B.easily容易地;秘密地;突然根据上文(宽容).”可知,在火星上生活,C.secretly D.suddenly“The thirdis Tolerance宽容很重要,由此可知,如果你很容易被人惹恼,那么你不适合在火星上生活故选项B考查形容词词义辨析句意无论是吃饭、工作、锻炼还是放松,你都几乎不会独自一人单独的;
42.A.alone礼貌的;成功的;正常的根据上文B.polite C.successful D.normal“The buildingis onlya quarterof thesize of a可知,这座建筑只有篮球场的四分之一,空间很小,由此可知,你几乎不会单独吃饭、工作、basketball court.”锻炼或是放松故选项A考查名词词义辨析句意在执行任务期间,小组与“地球”上的任何人之间没有实时通信
43.A.communication通信,交流;系统;教学;会议根据下文B.system C.teaching D.meeting“They haveemail,messages areon a(延迟)”可知,小组成员与“地球”之间的信息交流会延迟分钟,由此可知,小组与“地20-minute delay20球”上的任何人之间没有实时通信故选项A考查连词词义辨析句意他们有电子邮件,但信息延迟分钟,模拟信息在地球和火星之间传播所需的
44.20时间所以;但是;如果;除非根据空格前和空格后A.so B.but C.if D.unless“They haveemail”messages areon a可知,空格前后为转折关系,虽然他们有电子邮件,但信息延迟分钟,意为但是符20-minute delay”20“but”合语境故选项B考查动词词义辨析句意他们有电子邮件,但信息延迟分钟,模拟信息在地球和火星之间传播所需的
45.20时间逃脱;步行;传播,转送;改变根据空格前A.escape B.walk C.travel D.change“messages areon a20-minute和空格后可知,信息延迟分钟是为了模拟信息在地球和火星之间传播所需的时delay”“between Earthand Mars”20间,意为传播,转送符合语境故选项travel”C
46.A
47.B
48.C
49.D
50.B
51.C
52.D
53.C
54.A
55.D
56.C
57.A
58.B
59.A
51.残骸缩小成一个城市大小的小原子核恒星;月亮;行星;人造卫星A.stars B.moons C.planets D.satellites根据上文可知,本段内容介绍的是“系外行星”,由此可知句中指另外三颗围绕脉冲星运行的行“exoplanets”I,星故选项C考查名词词义辨析句意天文学家还发现了另外三颗围绕脉冲星运行的行星——一颗曾经巨大的恒星的
52.残骸缩小成一个城市大小的小原子核类型;距离;权力,能力;大小,尺寸A.type B.distance C.power D.size根据句中”中的可知,这里介绍的是恒星的大小,由此可知,句中指“缩小成一个城市“a oncehuge star“huge”大小的小原子核故选项D考查名词词义辨析句意其他行星则被赶出它们的系统,成为漂浮在宇宙黑暗中的“漂浮者
53.A.authorities权力,权威;物种;体系,系统;设施根据句中B.species C.systems D.facilities“become floaters”that floatin the可知,其他行星成为漂浮在宇宙黑暗中的漂浮者”,由此可知,它们是被赶出了它们darkness of the universe.”所在的系统故选项c考查形容词词义辨析句意在所有这些中,科学家们渴望找到一条熟悉的线索像地球这样的行星
54.A.熟悉的;以前的;未知的;遥远的根据句中可familiar B.previous C.unknown D.distant“planets likethe Earth^^知,找到“像地球这样的行星“对我们来说应该是一条熟悉的线索故选项A考查动词词义辨析句意也就是说,行星围绕恒星运行的距离恰到好处——既不太热也不太冷——足以
55.支持我们所知道的生命隐藏;发现;伤害;支持根据句中A.hide B.discover C.injure D.support“neither toohot nor可知,“既不太热也不太冷”的条件下应该是可以支持人类生存的故选项to cold”D考查副词词义辨析句意我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星,可能是因为它们不起眼
56.幸运的是;立即地;可能地;官方地根据句中比呻A.luckily B.instantly C.probably D.officially“because theyre加符可知,“因为它们不起眼”是我们推测的“我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星”的原因,是我们推测的原因,应用故选项“probably”C考查形容词词义辨析句意在明亮的星光中看到一颗像我们这样又小又细的行星,就像试图在烟花表演
57.中看到一只萤火虫小的;明亮的;蓝色的;清楚的根据句中A.small B.bright C.blue D.clear“a firefly in a fireworks中的可知,在烟花表演中的萤火虫是小的,不容易看到,由此可知,句中指又小又细的行星,display”“firefly”在明亮的星光中是不起眼的故选项A考查连词词义辨析句意然而,通过将技术推向极限,天文学家正在迅速接近找到另一个地球的那一天
58.和;然而,但是;所以;因此根据句中A.And B.Yet C.So D.Thus“astronomers arerapidly approachingthe day when可知,上下文为转折关系,上文说我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星,they canfind anotherEarth”下文说天文学家正在迅速接近找到另一个地球的那一天,由此可知,应用连词表转折故选项“Yet”,B考查名词词义辨析句意然而,通过将技术推向极限,天文学家正在迅速接近找到另一个地球的那一天
59.限制,极限;结尾;对立面;开端根据句意和生活常识可知,应该A.limits B.ends C.opposites D.beginnings是随着技术的发展,天文学家有可能找到另一个地球,由此可知,句中指将技术推向极限故选项A考查名词词义辨析句意当他们这样做时,他们可以检查它是否有生命迹象例子;
60.A.examples B.designs设计;方法;迹象根据上文内容可知,天文学家正在寻找与地球相似地星球,由此可知,C.means D.signs他们要检查那些星球是否有生命迹象故选项D
61.B
62.C
63.A
64.B
65.D
66.C
67.A
68.C
69.D
70.D
71.B
72.D
73.C
74.B
75.C【分析】这是一篇说明文本文讲述了中国成功发射“天问一号”,此次成功登陆火星是中国空间技术发展的巨大飞跃考查动词词义辨析句意:然而,其中一半以上未能到达距离地球万公里远的行星开始;
61.5500A.begun B.失败;尝试;成功根据上下文以及但是”可知,超过一半的火星任务失败failed C.attempted D.succeeded“yet了故选failed B考查动词词义辨析句意因此,在中国的火星探测器“天问一号”于去年月日发射后,人们焦急地
62.723等待着了解它的进展运输;发现;发射;解决根据常识和下A.transported B.discovered C.launched D.settled文可知,天问一号是去年月号发射的故选“The craftlanded...on Saturday.“723launched C考查形容词词义辨析句意因此,在中国的火星探测器“天问一号”于去年月日发射后,人们焦急
63.723地等待着了解它的进展焦急的;有意识的;尴尬的;令人惊讶的A.anxious B.aware C.awkward D.amazing根据语境可知,在天间一号发射之后,所有人都在“焦急”等待它的进展情况故选anxious A考查副词词义辨析句意该飞船于周六在火星表面安全着陆突然地;安全地;
64.A.suddenly B.safely C.calmly安静地;明显地根据下文可知,飞D.obviously“The newshas beenmet withboth5and celebrationin the country”行器安全地着陆在火星表面,举国欢庆故选safely B考查名词词义辨析句意这个消息让这个国家感到宽慰和喜庆反对;后悔;遗
65.A.protest B.regret C.pity憾;宽慰根据上文,飞行器安全着陆火星的消息令人宽慰故选D.relief reliefDo考查动词短语辨析句意“嫦娥四号”的着陆完全按照计划进行,这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部
66.的最新成员,也表明中国已经自主开发了技术带走;夺走;实施;A.carried awayB.carried offC.carried outD.carried继续根据语境可知,飞行器安全着陆,它的着陆是按计划实行的故选on carried out Coo考查名词词义辨析句意“嫦娥四号”的着陆完全按照计划进行,这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部
67.的最新成员,也表明中国已经自主开发了技术探险者;申请人;官员;A.explorers B.applicants C.officials D.editors编辑根据语境可知,飞行器安全地着陆在火星表面是一次太空探险,中国已然跻身于世界先锋探险者explorers行列故选A考查动词词义辨析句意“嫦娥四号”的着陆完全按照计划进行,这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部
68.的最新成员,也表明中国已经自主开发了技术借;选择;开发;A.borrowed B.selected C.developed D.removed开除由“・•・on itsown”可知,此次火星着陆技术是中国自主研发的developed故选C考查介词词义辨析句意近几十年来,尽管在探索外层空间方面出现了一些失败,但中国的科学技术发
70.60在很大程度上仍是一个落后的农业国家承诺;影响;发明;A.promises B.impacts C.inventions D.breakthroughs突破根据句意,中国在火箭和太空技术方面取得了早期的突破故选breakthroughs D考查关系副词句意从上世纪年代开始,中国在火箭和航天技术方面取得了早期突破,当时中国在很
71.60大程度上仍是一个落后的农业国家分析句子结构可知,“—11the countryremained largely a backward agriculturalcountry”是定语从句,修饰其前的先行词“the1960s”,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,所以用when引导,故选B考查副词词义辨析句意然而,中国已经充分利用了它在过去多年里所拥有的,努力向前推进航天事
72.60业A.Thus因此;B.Therefore因此;C.Furthermore止匕外;D.However然而根据上文“・・・the countryremained可知,此处为转折关系,故用故选largely a backward agricultural country”“However”D考查动词短语词义辨析句意上月末,中国将“天和”送入太空,开启了一系列发射,这些发射将在
73.2022年前后完成空间站的建设下车;启动,开启;推A.getting offB.cutting offWI®T;C.starting offD.putting off迟根据上下文,随着天和核心舱进入太空,开始了一系列的太空站建设的发射任务故选starting offC考查动词搭配辨析句意这些成就为和平利用外太空作出了重要贡献呼吁,吸引;
74.appealed toB.促进;响应;属于根据语境可知,所有这些成就极大地促成contributed toC.responded toD.belonged to外太空的和平使用故选contributed B考查介词词义辨析句意在火星任务中,中国与欧洲伙伴和其他国家合作,将帮助推动人类在未来
12.A.Thus B.Therefore C.Furthermore D.However
13.A.getting offB.cutting offC.starting offD.putting off
14.A.appealed B.contributed C.responded D.belonged
15.A.neighbours B.friends C.partners D.classmates(秋•上海•高一上海市宜川中学校考期末)2023Telescope Searchingfor SpaceTreasure UnearthsGiant Planet(遮盖)(轨道)A giantplanet shroudedin clouds,in orbitaround astar385light years from oursun,has beencaptured by the James Webb Space Telescope in imagesdescribed asa“16moment forastronomy.In observationsled bya Britishastronomer,the pioneeringtelescope focusedon agas giant“planet called(红夕卜光),HIP65426b.It capturedimages ininfrared lightwhich allowsastronomers tomore17calculate themassand temperatureof exoplanets—the18for planetsin orbitaround otherstars.Itshould ultimately allow them to detect clouds moving across their surface,19alien weatherpatterns onworlds hundreds(斑点)of light years from our solarsystem.The imagesshow the planet as“blobs oflight”in blue,purple,yellow andredhues undervarious infrared wavelengths.The planetis upto12times biggerthan Jupiter and orbitsabout100times fartherfrom itshost starcompared withthe Earths distancefrom thesun,making it20for astronomersto separatethe planetfrom its star whenattempting tocaptureimages ofit.The planetis only15to20million yearsold,a fractionof the21of the Earth,which is
4.5billion yearsold.Like Jupiterand Saturn,it hasno rockysurface andcould not be22J NASA said.The23of an exoplanet isusually detectedwhenthelight froma distantstar appearstobecomeless(日24at regularintervals,suggesting thata planetis passingacross itsface onceper orbitlike atiny partialeclipse偏食).It isextremely difficultto capturea directimage of anexoplanet25they arethousands oftimes fainterthan thestarstheyorbit.James Webbused aninstrument calleda coronagraphto26light fromHiP65426bs host star,(半人马座),which liesin theCentaurus constellationObtaining thisimage feltlike27space treasure,said AarynnCarter,a researcherat theUniversity ofCalifornia.At first,all Icould seewas lightfrom thestar,but withcareful imageprocessing,I wasable toremove thatlight anduncover the planet.”Analysis suggeststhat the planet hasa redhue anda temperatureof1,300℃.The imagescould givea clueas tohowJupiterandSaturn lookedin their28more thanfour billion years ago.NASAsaid,Webbs view,at longerinfraredwavelengths,shows newdetails thatground-based telescopeswould(本身的)notbeabletodetect29the intrinsicinfrared glowof Earthsatmosphere.”The telescopehas alreadybeen usedto analyzethe30make-up ofthe atmosphereon another(光谱)exoplanet,WASP-39b,detecting carbondioxide byanalyzing thespectrum oflight passingthrough itsclouds.
16.A.difficult B.awful C,dramatic D.transformative
17.A.carefully B.precisely C.positively D.quickly
18.A.term B,reason C.explanation D.material
19.A.reporting B.forecasting C.changing D.revealing
20.A.clear B・impossible C.easier D.harder
21.A.time B.age C.history D.distance
22.A.renewable B.habitable C.detectable D.feasible
23.A.form B.component C.existence D.orbit
24.A.gentle B,natural C,warm D.bright
25.A.because B.although C.unless D.as if
26.A.look outB.find outC.block outD.make out
27.A.digging forB.hiding fromC.bringing outD.mixing into
28.A.infancy B.childhood C,youth D.peak
29.A.in caseof B.in theway ofC.regardless ofD.owing to
30.A.chemical B,physical C.psychological D.medical(2023•高一课时练习)InSeptember2016,six peoplecame outfroma small solar-powered buildingon theside of(模拟的)a volcanoin Hawaii.They were31ofasimulated missionto Mars,and theyhad beenliving in the buildingfornearly oneyear,32from therest ofthe world.This missiontoMarswas partofanongoing33to seehow peoplewould dealwith thechallenges ofliving onanotherplanet.Based on the34oftheexperimentso far,here arefour abilitiesyou wouldneed to35on Mars.(足智多谋).The firstis ResourcefulnessWhen thewater systembroke,the grouphad two
36.They couldfigure outhow tofix itor theycould37monthsforsupplies tobe deliveredfrom“Earth”——by whichpointthey wouldbe dead.So they38it themselves.The secondis Imagination.The groupmembers havesaid boredomwasamajor39,OnMars,you(娱乐活动).wouldnthaveNetflixorXbox,so youdhave to40other formsof entertainment(宽容).The thirdis ToleranceThe buildingis onlya quarterofthesize ofa basketballcourt.If youre4]annoyedby people,life onMars mightnotbefor you.Whether eating,working,exercising,orrelaxing,you wouldhardly be42The lastis Independence.During amission,there isno real-time43between thegroup and(延迟),anyone on Earth.They haveemail,44messages areona20-minute delaysimulating howlong itwould takemessagesto45between Earthand Mars.So youwouldberemoved from the livesofyour lovedones backonEarth.
31.A.captains B・members C,astronauts D.directors
32.A.pulled B.kept freeC,protected D.cut off
33.A.explanation B.holiday C.experiment D.game
34.A.results B.origins C.wishes D.requirements
35.A.refuse B.copy C,argue D.survive
36.A.tasks B.choices C-dreams D.conditions
37.A.spread B,prepare C.wait D.leave
38.A.fixed B.watered C.called D.planted
39.A.desire B.habit C.ability D.challenge
40.A.limit B.forget C.find D.leap
41.A.hardly B.easily C,secretly D.suddenly
42.A.alone B.polite C.successful D.normal
43.A.communication B,system C.teaching D.meeting
44.A.so B.but C.if D.unless
59.astronomers arerapidly approachingthedaywhenthey canfind anotherEarth.And whenthey do,they canexamine itfor60of life.
46.A.explore B,separate C-forget D.defend
47.A.revised B.discovered C.saved D.created
48.A.travelled B・damaged C.recognized D.ignored
49.A.slowly B.easily C.wrongly D.rapidly
50.A.Removing B.Circling C.Lighting D.Showing
51.A.stars B,moons C.planets D.satellites
52.A.type B,distance C.power D.size
53.A.authorities B,species C.systems D.facilities
54.A.familiar B.previous C.unknown D.distant
55.A.hide B.discover C.injure D.support
56.A.luckily B.instantly C.probably D.officially
57.A.small B.bright C.blue D.clear
58.A.And B.Yet C.So D.Thus
59.A.limits B.ends C.opposites D.beginnings
60.A.examples B.designs C.means D.signs(春•江苏扬州•高一统考期末)2021Around50Mars missionshave beenlaunched globallyso farsince
1960.Yet more than halfof themhave61to reachthe planetsome55million kilometersaway from theEarth.So afterChinasMars probe,Tianwen-1,was62on July23last year,there wasan63wait tolearn itsprogress.The craftlanded64on thesurface ofthe planeton Saturday.The newshas beenmet withboth65and celebrationinthe country.The landingwas66exactly asplanned,which has made Chinathe latestmember ofthe cluboftheworldspioneering67,and showsthat Chinahas68thetechnologies onits own.It isthe can-do spiritthat hasplayed akey rolein Chinasscientific andtechnological developmentin recentdecades69some failuresto exploreouter space.China madeits early70in rocketand spacetechnologies startingfrom the1960s71thecountry remainedlargelyabackwardagriculturalcountry.
72.thecountryhasmadethe mostof what ithad overthe pastmorethansix decades,making effortsto moveahead inthe aerospacecause.Late lastmonth,China sentTianhe intospace,73a seriesof launchesthat willcomplete thebuilding ofthe stationaround
2022.All theseachievements have74greatly tothe peacefuluse ofouter space.75itsMarsmission,Chinahasworkedwith Europeanpartners and others andwill helppush humankindto travel fasterand fartherinthefuture.
61.A.begun B.failed C.attempted D.succeeded
62.A.transported B.discovered C.launched D.settled
63.A.anxious B.aware C,awkward D.amazing
64.A.suddenly B.safely C.calmly D.obviously
65.A.protest B,regret C.pity D.relief
66.A.carried awayB・carried offC.carried outD.carried on
67.A.explorers B.applicants C.officials D.editors
68.A.borrowed B・selected C.developed D.removed
69.A.without B,beyond C.except D.despite
70.A.promises B.impacts C.inventions D.breakthroughs
71.A.where B.when C.that D.which
72.A.Thus B.Therefore C.Furthermore D.However
73.A.getting offB.cutting offC,starting offD.putting off
74.A.appealed B.contributed C.responded D.belonged
75.A.Upon B.Before C.During D.After参考答案:
1.B
2.C
3.A
4.B
5.D
6.C
7.A
8.C
9.D
10.D
11.B
12.D
13.C
14.B
15.C【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了中国成功发射“天问一号”,此次成功登陆火星是中国空间技术发展的巨大飞跃考查动词词义辨析句意然而,其中一半以上未能到达距离地球万公里远的行星开始;
1.5500A.begun B.失败;尝试;成功根据failed C.attempted D.succeeded“Around50Mars missionshavebeenlaunched globallysofar.”和可知,超过一半的火星任务失败了故选since1960“Yet”B考查动词词义辨析句意因此,在中国的火星探测器“天问一号”于去年月日发射后,人们焦急地
2.723等待着了解它的进展运输;发现;发射;解决根据A.transported B.discovered C.launched D.settled“The craft和常识可知,天问一号是去年月号发射的故选landed4on thesurface oftheplaneton Saturday.”723C考查形容词词义辨析句意因此,在中国的火星探测器“天问一号”于去年月日发射后,人们焦急
3.723地等待着了解它的进展焦急的;有意识的;尴尬的;令人惊讶的根A.anxious B.aware C.awkward D.amazing据“Yet morethan halfof themhave]to reachtheplanetsome55million kilometersaway可知,火星发射失败率很高,因此在天间一号发射之后,所有人都在焦急等待它的进展情况fromtheEarth.故选A考查副词词义辨析句意该飞船于周六在火星表面安全着陆突然地;安全地;
4.A.suddenly B.safely安静地;明显地根据C.calmly D.obviously“The newshas beenmet withboth5and celebrationinthe可知,飞行器安全地着陆在火星表面,举国欢庆故选country.”B考查名词词义辨析句意这个消息让这个国家感到宽慰和喜庆反对;后悔;遗
5.A.protest B.regret C.pity憾;宽慰根据可矢口,飞行器安全着陆火星D.relief Thecraftlanded4onthesurface oftheplaneton Saturday.”的消息令人宽慰故选D考查动词短语词义辨析句意这次着陆完全按照计划进行,这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部的最新
6.成员,也表明中国已经自主研发这项技术带走;夺走;实施;A.carried awayB.carried offC.carriedoutD.carried继续木艮据「可知,飞行器on“which hasmade Chinathe latestmember ofthecluboftheworldspioneering—7—安全着陆,因此它的着陆是按计划实行的故选C考查名词词义辨析句意这次着陆完全按照计划进行,这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部的最新成员,
7.也表明中国已经自主研发这项技术探险者;申请人;官员;A.explorers B.applicants C.officials编辑根据可知,飞行器安全地着陆在火星表面是D.editors“The landingwas6exactly asplanned J一次太空探险,中国已然跻身于世界先锋探险者行列故选A考查动词词义辨析句意这次着陆完全按照计划进行,这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部的最新成员,
8.也表明中国已经自主研发这项技术借;选择;开发;开除根A.borrowed B.selected C.developed D.removed据可知,此次火星着陆技术是中国自主研发的故选“the technologiesindependently”C考查介词词义辨析句意尽管在探索外层空间方面有一些失败,但这种敢做敢为的精神在中国近几十年的
10.60在很大程度上仍是一个落后的农业国家承诺;影响;发明;A.promises B.impacts C.inventions D.breakthroughs突破根据和下文的in rocketand spacetechnologies startingfromthe1960sthecountryhasmadethe mostof whatit可知,中国在火箭和太空技术方面取得了早期的突破故选had overthe pastmorethansix decades”D考查动词词义辨析句意从上世纪年代开始,中国在火箭和航天技术方面取得了早期突破,当时中国
11.60在很大程度上仍是一个落后的农业国家变成;仍然是;结束;启动根据A.become B.remain C.end D.start largely和常识可知,中国在很大程度上仍是一个落后的农业国家故选abackwardagriculturalcountry.”B考查副词词义辨析句意然而,中国已经充分利用了它在过去多年里所拥有的,努力向前推进航天事
12.60业因此;因此;此外;然而根据A.Thus B.Therefore C.Furthermore D.However“thecountryhasmadethemost”与前文的ofwhatithadoverthepastmorethansixdecades,making effortsto moveahead inthe aerospacecause.可知,此处为转折关系,所以用故选“largelyabackwardagriculturalcountry”However Do考查动词短语词义辨析句意上月末,中国将“天和”送入太空,开启了一系列发射,这些发射将在
13.2022年前后完成空间站的建设下车;切断;启动,开启;推迟根A.getting offB.cutting offC.starting offD.putting off据和下文““Late lastmonth,China sentTianhe intospace Jwillcompletethebuildingofthespace stationaround2022”可知,随着天和核心舱进入太空,开始了一系列的太空站建设的发射任务故选C考查动词搭配辨析句意这些成就为和平利用外太空作出了重要贡献呼吁,吸引;
14.A.appealed toB.促进;响应;属于根据contributed toC.responded toD.belonged togreatly tothe peacefuluse ofouter space.”可知,所有这些成就极大地促成外太空的和平使用故选B考查名词词义辨析句意在火星任务中,中国与欧洲伙伴和其他国家合作,将帮助推动人类在未来走得
15.更快更远邻居;朋友;伙伴;同学根据A.neighbour B.friend C.partner D.classmate“andothercountries andwill可知,在火星任务实施期间,中国已经和其它国家helppushhumankindtotravelfasterandfartherinthefUture.”一起合作来探索太空故选C
16.D
17.B
18.A
19.D
20.D
21.B
22.B
23.C
24.D
25.A
26.C
27.A
28.A
29.D
30.A【导语】本文是新闻报道文章主要介绍韦布望远镜首次拍到系外行星图像的事情HIP65426b
16.考查形容词词义辨析句意詹姆斯・韦伯太空望远镜拍摄到了一颗被云层笼罩的巨大行星,它围绕着距离太阳光年的恒星运行,被称为“天文学的变革时刻困难的;糟糕的;戏剧性385“0A.difficult B.awful C.dramatic的;变革性的根据上文(遮盖)(轨道)D.transformative“A giantplanet shroudedin clouds,in orbitaround astar可知,这颗行星的发385lightyearsfromoursun,has beencapturedbytheJamesWebbSpaceTelescopeinimages”现有重大意义故选D考查副词词义辨析句意它用红外光拍摄图像,这使得天文学家能够更精确地计算“系外行星”的质量
17.和温度,系外行星是指围绕其他恒星运行的行星细心地;精确地;积极地;A.carefully B.precisely C.positively快速地根据上文可知,用红外光拍摄图像能够更精确地计算“系D.quickly“It capturedimages ininfrared light”外行星”的质量和温度故选B考查名词词义辨析句意见第题详解术语,措辞;原因;解释;
18.2A.term B.reason C.explanation D.material材料根据上文的破折号和下文可知,这是指这一措辞故选“for planetsin orbitaround otherstars”exoplanets A考查动词词义辨析句意它最终应该能让他们探测到云层在其表面移动,揭示出距离我们太阳系几百光
19.年的世界上的外星天气模式报道;预测;改变;揭示根据上A.reporting B.forecasting C.changing D.revealing o文可知,这是利用红外光最终会达到的“It shouldultimatelyallowthemtodetectcloudsmovingacrosstheirsurface”目的,所以应该是可以揭示出距离我们太阳系几百光年的世界上的外星天气模式故选Do考查形容词词义辨析句意这颗行星比木星大倍,与地球与太阳的距离相比,它的轨道距离主星约
20.12倍,这使得天文学家在试图捕捉这颗行星的图像时更难将其与恒星分开清楚的;不100A.clear B.impossible可能的;更容易的;更难的根据上文C.easier D.harder“The planetis upto12times biggerthan Jupiterand orbitsabout100times fartherfrom itshoststarcompared withtheEarth9s distancefromthesun”可知,这颗行星的状况使得天文学家在试图捕捉这颗行星的图像时更难将其与恒星分开故选Do考查名词词义辨析句意:这颗行星的年龄只有万至万年,只是地球年龄亿年的零头
21.1500200045时间;年龄;历史;距离根据下文可知,A.time B.age C.history D.distance whichis
4.5billionyearsold”。
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