第01讲-谓语动词外研版2019选择必修1解析版

第讲谓语动词01复习动词的时态语态的结构和用法

1.学会正确运用时态语态考点

2.基础知识

一、高中常见的几种时态现在过去将来过去将来一般works workedwill workwould work进行am/is/are workingwas/were workingwill beworking完成have/has donehad donewill havedone完成进行have/has beendoing二.较难理解的几种时态.过去将来时从过去看，在将来会发生的动作1would doHesaid thathe wouldwait forus untilwe arrived.I thoughtI wouldaccept hisproposal.•过去进行时指过去某个时刻正在进行的动作2was/were doingWhatwere youdoing at2oclock yesterdayafternoonWhen hecalled me,I washaving dinner..将来进行时指将来某个时刻正在进行的动作3will bedoing:What willyou bedoing at10:00tomorrowj［可过关检测“IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII・

一、语法填空Ocean pollution

1.be serious.It cankill ocean creatures andeven harmhumans.Its vitalto focuson thisissue andfindways toprevent pollutionin ourwaters.Pollution in the oceansseverely

2.harm seacreatures.For example,ocean animalsoften mistakepieces ofplasticfor food.As

3.result,their bellies

4.fill withplastic frombottles,containers andbeach toys.This canbe deadlyto theanimals.Ocean pollution

5.causerisks tohumans,too.Polluted watercan result

6.disease amongswimmers.Also,people eatfishwhich might

7.poison withharmful chemicalsfrom oilleaks andrubbish insea water.Some peoplemay arguethat oceanpollution isnot serious,believing that the oceansare sovast that they canabsorball kindsof pollution.However,the manyexamples ofoceancreatures

8.kill bypollution provethem wrong.In

9.conclude,its clearthat oceanpollution isa

10.challengeproblem.We needto learnmore abouthow tostop it.【答案】l.is

2.harms

3.a

4.are filled

5.causes

6.in

7.be poisoned

8.killed

9.conclusion lO.challenging二.完成句子新高考我们学校举行了

1.2020I LastSunday,a five-kilometer cross-country runningrace.【答案］our schoolheld课标全国我们周围有很多人

2.2020I whoare wellworth respecting.【答案】There aremany peoplearound us课标全国我们可以和你在你的办公室见面吗

3.2020HI Ifpossible,at10a.m.tomorrow［答案］shall wemeet youin youroffice

5.2020IH Iwith ourshort English play adaptedfrom ourEnglish textbook.【答案】am writingto askfor yourhelp（课标全国）（已经取得了巨大成就）（赢得尊重）

6.2020I Shein herwork andfrom herstudents.【答案】has madegreat achievements;has wonrespect（新高考）上星期天，我们学校举行了一场五公里越野跑比赛

7.2020ILast Sunday,a five-kilometer cross-country runningrace.【答案】was heldby ourschool（课标全国）绿树环抱,这个农场非常漂亮

8.2020HThe farmand itis verybeautiful.【答案】is surroundedbygreentrees（课标全国）因为他的善良和对工作的奉献，他受到所有学生的尊重

9.2020IHe becauseof hiskindness anddevotion tohis work.【答案】is respectedby allhis students（课标全国）我们的英语短剧将于下周日表演

10.2020IIIOur shortEnglishplaynext Sunday.【答案】will beperformed三.完美文章Dear Tom,How areyou（它们可以用来做装饰品）Im writingto askyou to do mea favour.I havemade someChinese knotsmyself,and l.I hopeyou canhelp mesell themin yourInternet store.（这些中国结是用很好的红丝制成的），2each oneabout threecentimeters across.As weall know,a Chinese（它们会卖得很好）.knot meansreunion,friendliness,warmth,peace andlove,so Ithink3Each Chineseknot I will send（它们是给你的）.to youis worthabout onedollar.Among themthere aretwo4Would youlike tosell themfor meLookingforward toyour reply.Yours,Li Hua【答案】

1.they canbe usedas decorations

2.These Chineseknots are made fromgood redsilk

3.they willsell well

4.that areintended foryouThis timenext week,ril betravelling inBeijing.现在完成时表示动作从过去开始，到现在已完成或一直持续到现在

4.have/has done:The coronavirushas spreadaround since

2019.The coronavirushas affectedour lifein the past fewyears.Up tonow,the scientisthas notfigured outthe bestway to beat thevirus.过去完成时表示在过去某个时刻之前，就已经完成了的动作

5.had done:By thetime Iwent home,everyone hadgone to bed.He hadworked in a companybefore hecame hereto teach..将来完成时表示在将来的某个时刻之前，将会完成的动作6will havedoneBy nextSeptember,Iwill have stayedin thisschool for15years.By theend ofthis summercourse,you willhave learnedall thebasic knowledgefor thenew semester.•现在完成进行时强调动作从过去发生，到现在一直还在进行中7have/has beendoing:We have been discussingthe questionall themorning.It has been rainingfor threehours.三.谓语动词的被动语态被动语态基本结构动词+及物动词的过去分词（及物动词短语也有被动语态）动词有人称、数Be Be和时态的变化（一般现在时被动语态）

1.You aretaught English by Ivyevery day.（一般过去时被动语态）

2.You weretaught English by your former teachershalfa yearago（现在进行时的被动语态）

3.You are being taughtEnglish byIvy now.（过去进行时的被动语态）

4.You were being taughtEnglish by yourformerteachers thismoment lastyear.一般将来时被动语态

5.You will be taughtbyyourEnglish teacherin thenew school.

6.You have been taughtEnglishbyseveral teachersup tonow.（现在完成时被动语态）过去完成时被动语态

7.You had been taughtEnglishbysome otherteachers beforeyou camehere.c考点剖析考点一一般现在时:考点1永恒的真理date backto考点2“主可将从必现”时间状语always,usually,often,sometimes,every weekday,year,month...,once aweek,on Sundays,时间when,until,after,before,as soonas,once,the moment/the minute,the day;条件if,unless,provided/providing that,so/as longas考点3suggest,make sure/certain that,see toit that等+宾语从句，从句用一般现在时考点4the+比较级…，the+比较级…（越……就越……）

1.

1.1learned thatthe eartharound thesun whenI wasin primaryschool,go

2.If hethe job,he will get moremoney soon,accept

3.So longas hehard,I dontmind when he finishesthe experiment.work

4.The harderyou,the betterresults youwillget.study

5.The partsof amuseum opento thepublic callgalleries or rooms.【答案】are called考点二一般过去时:时间状语ago,yesterday,the daybefore yesterday,last weekyear,night,month...,in1989,just now,attheage of5,one day,long,long ago,once upona time,etc.

2.

1.The chairmanof theChina CulturePromotion Society____63address theopening ceremony.【答案】考查时态句意中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞陈述过去事情，用一般过去时addressed故填addressedo

2.The80,000objects collectedby SirHans Sloane,for example,form thecore collectionof theBritish Museum thatopened in

1759.【答案】formed

3.And,as morechildren wereborn,more foodneed.［答案】was needed

4.Amy,as wellas herbrothers,givea warmwelcome whenreturning to the villagelast week.【答案】was given考点三一般将来时时间状语tomorrow,next dayweek,month,year...,soon,in afew minutes,the dayafter tomorrow,etc考点1will+v.Mbe goingto do考点2某些表示“位置移动的动词arrive,come,go,leave,start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来I forBeijing tomorrowleave.考点3祈使句+and/or+陈述句Use yourhead and you away find.句式变换1Give meone more hour,and Ill get the work finished.More effort,andyouwill succeed.句式变换2Given onemorehour,Illgettheworkfinished.加例工

1.on the top of the towerand youllenjoy thescenery of the wholecity.A.Standing B.Stand C.To standD.Stood

2.time,hell makea first-class tennisplayer.A.Having givenB.To giveC.Giving D.Given考点四现在完成时重点have/has done;have/has been done时间状语in thepast/last fewyears,lately；recently,just,up tonow,till now,so far,these days,foH时间段；过去时间点since+|例【针对练习】

4.1，全国课标I Whenyou arehome,give acall tolet meknow yousafely.A.are arrivingB.have arrivedC.had arrivedD.will arrive考点1It/This/That is+序数词+time+that.•・表示“这是・・.第几次做某事”考点2It isthe only/the bestworst,most interesting+名词+that...针对练习填空

1.It/This ismy firsttime thatI China.visit

2.This isthe mostinteresting filmI.see

3.That isthe onlybook thathe.write单项填空陕西This isthe firsttime wefilm in the cinematogether asa family.A.see B.had seenC.saw D.have seen考点五被动语态考查要点英语的语态有两种，即主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者被动语态表主语是动作的承受者此主要讲被动语态被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子中主语是动作的承受者，也就是动作的对象一般说来，只有及物动词短语才有被动语态汉语常用“被”“受”“给”“遭”“挨”等词来表被动意义动作执行者一般由介词引出被动语态结构为:“助动词过去分词+动作执行者+工具”被动语态的时态是by be+by+with+通过动词变化的be构成过去分词be/get+一般完成进行现在am/is/are donehave/has been done am/is/arebeingdone过去was/were donehadbeendone was/werebeingdone将来shall/will bedone shall/willhavebeendone过去将should/would bedone should/would havebeendone来考点）主动变被动时，宾补成主补（位置不变）；（作补语的）不定式前需加1t感官动词使役动词The bossmade himwork allday long..考点2）It issaid/reported/known/suggested/believed/hoped/thoughtthat”据说/报道・・・；人们说=Sb issaid/reported/...todo/tobedoing/tobedone考点）不能用被动语态的几种情况3

①所有的不及物动词（词组）如happen,take place,break out

②表示归属的动词如、等have ownbelong to考点）主动形式表被动意义4

①feel、look smelltaste sound作系动词用时；

②open、lock、read sellwrite,wash等表示某物本身所具备的某种特性时This kind of clothwashes easily.These novelswont sellwell.My penwrites smoothly.

③want,require,need“需要”+v-ing表示被动

④be（well）worth doing

⑤在形容词+中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动“be+to doThiskindofwater isntfit todrink.The girlisnt easyto getalong with.另外:（受谴责），（出租）be toblame be to rent考点）被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况5坐着（）be seatedHe isseated ona bench.He seatshimself ona bench.迷路be lost喝醉be drunk穿着be dressed•J

5.【针对练习】The girlwas dressedinared shortskirt.微纤维lMicrofibers ofjeans discoverin watersamples in thepast6months.［答案］havebeendiscovered2These combinedletters,which couldrepresent thosesounds andcould writedown,are definedas words.答案］be written3The projectmakeup of a

22.9-kilometre-long mainbridge,a

5.6-kilometre-long tunneland anartificial islandoffthe bridge.【答案】is made4Restaurants in the USare placeswhere peopleserve withcold water,which doesnthurt anyoneif itis spilledaccidentally.【答案】are served5Itdamage partlyby naturalforces likeearthquakes,but thegreatest damageof allhas beencaused byman.［答案］has beendamaged真题演练题组一动词时态年新高考全国卷

1.2022II Henry42fix hiscar whenhe heard the screams.He lookedup andsaw Erichangingfrom thebalcony.He quickly43throw histools aside,and startedrunning,arms out.年全国甲卷

2.2022In thelast fiveyears.Cao67walk through34countries insix continents,and in2016,he reachedthetopof Kilimanjaro,Africa^highest mountain.年全国乙卷

3.2022The chairmanof theChina CulturePromotion Society________63address theopeningceremony.新高考

4.2020I,38The80,000objects collectedby SirHans Sloane,for example,form thecore collectionof theBritishMuseumthatopened in

1759.课标全国探测器一

5.2020I,61The unmannedChange-4probe thename wasinspired byan ancientChinese moongoddess—touch downlast weekintheSouth Pole-Aitken basin.课标全国传奇

6.2020HI,66As heasked the villagers onthe banksofthe river wherehe couldfind thelegendary的artist,they smiledandpoint downtheriver.浙江

7.2020,61By about6000BC,peoplediscover thebest cropsto growand animalsto raise.浙江

8.2020,65New methodsmeanthat fewerpeople workedin farming.江苏

9.2020,26Instead ofgetting downto anew taskas Iexpect,he examinedthe previouswork again.天津

10.2020,2—You area greatswimmer.一Thanks.Its becauseIpractise alot thesedays.天津⑼

11.2020The numberof medicalschools reached18intheearly1990s andremainaround thatlevel eversince.【答案】考查动词句意听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动

1.was fixing词根据空后的可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实whenheheardthescreams,故使用过去进行时为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为故填fix wasfixing wasfixing【答案】考查过去式句意他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来根据句子结构，设空处与空threw后的构成并且结构故应该使用一般过去时为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为故填and startedthrow threwthrewo【答案】考查动词时态句意在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的个国家，年，他到达

2.has walked342016了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰根据时间状语可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语inthelast fiveyears为第三人称单数，助动词用故填Cao hasohas walkedo【答案】考查时态句意中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞陈述过去事情，用一般过去时

3.addressed故填addressed【答案】

4.formed【答案】

5.touched【答案】

6.pointed【答案】

7.had discovered【答案】meant【答案】had expected［答案］havebeenpractising［答案】has remained题组二被动语态（年新高考全国卷）

1.2022I Aftera three-year pilotperiod,the GPNPwillbeofficially setup nextyear.The GPNP完整，性60designto reflectthe guidingprinciple ofprotecting theauthenticity andintegrity ofnatural ecosystems,资产preserving biologicaldiversity,protecting ecologicalbuffer zones,and leavingbehind preciousnatural assetsfbrfuture generations”.新高考

2.2020I,40The partsofamuseum opentothepubliccall galleriesorrooms.

3.2020课标全国I,67“This reallyexcites scientists/9Carle Pieters,a scientistat BrownUniversity,says,because itmeanswe havethe chanceto obtaininformation abouthow themoon construct.^^浙江

4.2020,59And,as morechildren wereborn,more foodneed.天津

5.2020,8Amy,as wellas herbrothers,givea warmwelcome whenreturning tothevillagelast week.【答案】考查时态语态和主谓一致句意旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，is designedGPNP保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语The GPNP态，主语单数，谓语单数形式故填is designed［答案］are called【答案】is constructed【答案】was needed【答案】was given组提升题组B语法填空土坯房The adobedwellings builtby the Pueblo IndiansoftheAmerican Southwest

1.admire byeven themostmodern ofarchitects andengineers.In additionto theirsimple beauty,people

2.impress withthe adobedwellings becauseoftheir abilityto“air condition^^a housewithout usingelectric equipment.Walls that

3.make ofadobe takeinthe heatfrom thesun onhot daysand give out thatheat slowlyduring coolnights,thus warmingthe house.When anew daybreaks,theheat

4.giveoutalready andwalls arenow coldenough tocool thehouse during the hotday;atthesame time,theywarm upagain for the night.This cycle

6.go dayafter day:The wallswarm upduring theday andcool offduringthenight andare thusalways atimely offset抵消fortheoutside temperatures.As naturalarchitects,thePuebloIndians figuredout exactlyhow thickthe adobewallsneeded tobetomake thecycle workon mostdays.【答案】

1.are admired

2.are impressed

3.aremade

4.hasbeengiven

5.goes。