2025年雅思写作高分攻略新东方全面解析技巧与实践

此资料来自E.g.:What doessports benefitsyour academicAny sportwill have a positiveeffecton academicperformance simply because exerciseis goodfor thebrain,精品资料网www.cnshu.onand teamwork and strategythat arefocal tomost sportsare applicableas well联系电话to manyacademic areas.020-39603888理论科目的害处枯燥、单调、需要长时间的学习、结合实践时较为值班手机13726808999困难企业QQ800003985体育、音乐的害处需要天赋；需要大量时间和金钱的投入；就业范围小，职业生涯短提供万份管理资料下载

503.Schoolteachers usedto bethe source of information,however,some万集企业管理资料下载3people argue that teachersare not as importantas beforeas the高清管理讲座硬盘拷贝increasing variety of informationresources.What isyour opinion1300GB

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04.24和此前同样重要也就是说老师的重要性学校教育愈加有助于学生的道德培养，尤其对于年龄较小的学生老Topics ofTask

211.21师可以协助学生建立自信心，培养能力，塑造良好的性格最终成为

一一、教育共题，占％25种有助于社会的人Teachers couldhelp the students tobuild upconfidence,l.In countrieswhere there is a high rateof unemployment,most pupilsshapeupright characterand ultimatelygrow afull manbeneficial to theshould beoffered onlyprimary education.There isno pointin offeringsociety.secondary educationto thosewho have no hopeof Hndinga job.To what通过老师的讲解，可以愈加轻易接受知识By lectures,students are more不一样意extent do you agree or disagree with this statement

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01.26easily to receive knowledge.可以根据学生的需要而变化teach studentsin中学教育是一种重要的德育阶段，假如在这个时候中断，带来的不仅accordance with their owncharacteristics anddifferences学生在学校里可仅是失业这样的问题，尚有青少年犯罪等社会问题vital stagefor moral以参与体育锻炼，有助于身体的健康和成长学校教育给了学生一种交education.If itwas interrupted,numerous ofsocial problem/headaches may流、沟通、合作的机会，有助于团体精神team spirit＞合作精神create asjuvenile delinquency.正如马克吐温说你每关闭一所学校，cooperation＞创新能力innovation的培养fostei7cultivationo你就必须开设一座监狱Every timeyou stopa school,you willhave to其他信息途径的好处远程教育的好处build ajail提供了一种更为新奇有效的教育形式an originaland effectiveeducational教育可以协助培养个人素质；提高劳动力的素质，从而提高生产效率，model；增长人们接受教育的机会increase theopportunities ofbeing推进社会发展，从主线上处理失业的问题do afavor to/bc beneficialeducated;提高参与者的科技能力develop technologycompetencies、拓展advantageous,preferable topersonal quality,enhance/boost/promote the技术面broaden skillset,从而提高就业机会job opportunityoquality of the labor force,thereby increaseproduction efficiency,social为地处偏远和行动不便的人、工作时间不稳定的人提供了受教育的机development,solve theproblem ofunemployment会those withrestricted mobility,such aselderly,disabled,injured,irregular从长远来看，假如受过更高的教育，则有更多的机会找到好的工作Inwork schedule.a long run/term,if pupilscould receivebetter education,they may have far可以同步和全国各地甚至全世界各地的人进行交流和学communicatemore opportunitiesto findbetter jobs.and interact with studentsall overthe countryor eventhe world教育的作用不仅仅应当局限在找工作，而是为了未来更好的发展The文档和资料轻易储存、易提取、打印和阅读documents andmaterials arefunctionof educationshould benot only focused on\limited injob hunting,easily recorded,retrieved,printed andreadbut alsofor a better development.远程教育的缺陷*火失业的原因是综合的comprehensive/complicated,例如经济原因经缺乏和老师面对面的交流lack ofin-person contactwith facultymembers济衰退或者不景气economy recession/depression,就业岗位剧减，导致市很难及时接受到老师的反馈wait for a longtime beforereceiving feedback场对于劳动力的需求整体下降a fallin theoverall demandfor labor;社会原about assignments因，个人原因等不能像老式教育那样和同学之间更多地接触，没有机会提高口头交快

2.Most countriesspend muchmoney oneducation,as theystart to节奏的生活会引起疾病The fast pace lifecan increase the possibilityofrealize theimportance ofeducation.In your opinion whichsubject is the lifestylediseases,such asobesity,stroke,diabetes,heart diseaseand soforth.科技也许会产生新的污染most important for young people andwhich oneis theleast importantSubjects:Literature SportsMathematics EconomyPhysics History

41.Mobile phonesand the Internet arevery useful.However,it israreMusic Geography

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03.01for old people to use them.What wayscould mobile phone and theInternet areuseful toold peopleHow doesthe oldpeople to be整个题目可以分为理论科目和实践科目两种encouraged usingthis newtechnology

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06.28理论科目的好处智的角度实践科目音乐、体育的好处美、体、劳的角度手机的好处老年人常有小恙suffer illhealth,假如有突发事件,可以联络急救make知原因the effectof geneticallymodified foodson humanbodies isunknownan emergencycall in the eventof trouble；也以便医务人员heahh oruntestedprofessionals和家庭医生family doclors联络；因特网的好处机械化农业也许会导致失业因特网有娱乐价值entertainment value；通过在网络上和人聊天，在留也许导致挥霍、污染言版discussion board上参与讨论，老年人不会感到被社会排挤a sense研发新的农作物有一定的市场风险，投资巨大；也许对健康有害由于of exclusion；工厂种植，诸多食物的品种慢慢被我们放弃了abandon plantvarieties,因特网甚至可以让老年人在家里每天花点时间工作，为小区或者企业我们的农业种植集中在少数几种农作物，我们的饮食越来越单调提供服务，譬如说征询provide consultancy；不仅可以补助养老金monotonous dietcomplementpension,对老年人的心理健康也有协助contribute to

43.There are more workersto workfrom home and more students topsychologicalwellbeing studyfrom home.This isbecause thecomputer technologyis more and怎样鼓励老年人使用因特网和手机more easilyaccessible andcheaper.Do you think it is a positive or减低费用reduce servicefees免费试用，让老年人感受电脑和手机所带negative development

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11.15长处来的好处could sendthe productsto the oldpeoplefor free.Tryout forfree增长工作和学习的灵活性increase theflexibility dramatically减少上下班个人化服务personalised service可以让电脑和手机的设置愈加简朴，例以及上下学的时间reduce interruptions and commutingtime从而减少给社如，某些复杂的程序可以删减，例如蓝牙和录像It is better to make the会交通带来的压力This lifestylemay reduceinterruptionsandcommutingcomputer andmobile phonesimple-equipped.As a case in point;some time,thereby decrease the traffic pressure.complicated\sophisticated programscould bedeleted\canceled,just as增长学习工作的动力increase motivation减少在学校以及办公室要面临Bluetooth andvideo.有关机构可以开发某些特殊的产品来满足老年人的的压力The motivationcould beboosted dramaticallybecause of the特殊需要例如可以把屏幕设计的更大、声音更响亮、手写relatedreduction of pressure\stress,which we have toface in school andoffice.organizations couldexplore specialgoods\products thatmay satisfythe节省空间和设备，从而减少费用支出It maysave spaceand otherfacilitiesneeds of the oldpeople.For instance,the screencan bedesigned to be largerthereby reducecosts.and clearer.缺陷商家和志愿者可以采用某些措施，教给老年人怎样使用某些功能，例不利于管理学生和员工，缺乏监督By reasonof lackingmonitor about如拍照built-in cameras、发邮件、语音留言voice calls、下载铃声ring tonesperformance,it isdisadvantageous tomanage thestudents andstaff.＞浏览网页Internet browsing协助老年人学会使用,譬如说发某些简很难保持团体精神，缺乏交流，同事和同学之间有疏远感It isdifficult to要的手册user-friendly pamphletskeep team spirit andis lack of communicationbetween members,which mayproducea sense of isolation.

42.Some peoplesupport the developments in agriculture such as factory

44.Some peoplesay modernchildrens gamesdo notdevelop a widefarming andcreations ofnew types of fruitsand vegetables,while othersrange of skills,while traditionalgames can be muchbetter foropposethis view.Discuss bothviews and give your opinion.

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07.12developing suchskills.To what extent do you agree or disagree

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11.29支持农业技术发展的观点农业技术改良农作物的基因modify thegene ofcrops,从而提高产量现代游戏的好处raise productivity,譬如说减少虫害的影响pest-resistant or愈加丰富和多样化diversity,可以开发孩子的智力develop children^disease-resistant,力口速成长hasten thegrowth ofcrops；减少某些地区intelligence的饥荒问题relieve famine现代游戏是以网络为基础的based onInternet,可以让孩子愈加适应现代农业技术可以让农作物大批量生产achieve economiesof scale,把农作生活be accustomed to modern life物放在温室里培植可以保证种植不受季节影响reduce theimpact of现代游戏大多是室内的indoor,较为安全单独的，提高孩子的独处能力seasonality对于某些地区，基因食物的产生可以增长食品的多样性improve therichnessof foodvarieties,让人们吸取更多的营养increase theintake of老式游戏的好处nutrition较为简朴，可以激发孩子的发明力和动手能力The traditionalgames are机械化农业可以提高生产效率production efficiency,节省劳动力save thetend to be simple-equipped,which mayinspire childrenspracticallabor force,增长产量increase output/production ability\capability and creativity.研发新型农作物可以丰富人们的生活enrich our daily life,提高生活质量户外的，可以让孩子得到很好的锻炼对身体的伤害更小cause lessenhanceliving quality；发明新的经济增长点create newindustries,给农民damage tohealth.带来更大的利益老式游戏大多需要多人去玩，可以增强孩子交流能力和社交能力等

45.Some peoplebelieve therange oftechnology availableto individuals反对农业技术发展的观点today is increasing the gap betweenpoor peopleand richpeople.Others有某些技术变化了农作物的基因，伤害农作物的营养价值reduce thethink it is having an oppositeeffect.Discuss thesepoints ofview.What isnutritionvalue ofcrops；诸多时候，基因食物对人体的影响尚有诸多未your opinion

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01.10科技加深了贫富差距commercializing themand introducingthem to the public.Meanwhile,富人可以购置科技产品，从而提高生产效率，发明更多的财富，也就leading countriesfor their own benefitsshould notmanipulate globalization.是说科技所带来的便利和快捷往往只能由富人享有Policies andregulations should be reratedand adjustedto makesure that关键core,nuclear.尖端的科学技术和科技产品需要巨大的金钱和地位才developing countriescan benefit from countries*closer tiesin trade,politics能获得and socialissues.穷人往往没有条件和机会接触、学习新的科技，而财富的获得越来越Measured againstworld standards,changes can be a complex topicthat多的需要以获得科技为基础encompasses manyissues buttwo urgentissues thatrequire immediate科技缩小了贫富差距actions are the environment and globalization.A worldthat failsto address网络的发达让穷人可以廉价地获得信息和接受到教育，从而有机会变these twoissues canby nomeans bedeemed asperfect.

49.The化贫穷现实状况development oftechnology haschanged theway peopleinteractwith科技的发达让商品愈加廉价，尤其是某些科技产品，穷人和富人之间each other.In whichways hastechnology changedthe relationship的生活差距会减小between peopleDoes ithave anypositive or negative effect

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0846.Today,people canwork and live in anywhere theywant,because of

四、环境与动物保护共题，占

1011.7%the improvement of communicationtechnology andtransportation.Do有关动物保护保护动物的意义维护生态系统maintain naturaladvantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages

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01.17ecosystems,保持生态平衡have profoundimpacts on the sustainability of an

47.lt has been believedthat people who readfor pleasurehave developedecosystemand thewell beingof humanity.食物链的稳定All animals areimagination andgood languageskills thanpeople whoprefer to watchconnected in one wayor anotherin food chains,保证可持续发展consistentTV.To what extent do you agree or disagree

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05.16with theprinciple ofsustainable development科技对于阅读方式的影响Animals,as a significant partof an ecosystem,have profoundimpacts on the看电视直接、印象深刻、轻易理解、相对轻松，同步运用听觉和视sustainabilityof anecosystemand thewell beingof humanity.All animalsare觉，效果很好，信息量更大connected in one wayor anotherin foodchains.For thisreason,the demiseof读书激发想像spark theimagination,对于文字的记忆更好更直接，对a speciescan lead to overpopulationor underpopulation ofanother species于读写能力的提高更大，以便，更有效率，有效信息较多而人们假and thenput thisspecies at the vergeof extinction.The naturalbalance will be如通过看电视这样的方式，很能收到多种信息的interruption,注意力不disrupted and the ecosystemcannot besustained.集中人类可以从动物身上获得灵感draw on animal-based researchfor

48.Many people are optimisticabout the21st centuryand seeit as aninspirationopportunity to make positivechanges to the world.To what extent do人类可以探知物种的来源，进行科学研究you agree or disagree with theiroptimism Whatchanges wouldyou like动物有生存的权利，应当维护动物的权益animal welfareto be made in the new century

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07.23有关动物试验支持Peoples optimismabout the21st centurycan beunderstood by the upsurge动物不可以进行道德的判断，也不会尊重其他动物的权利因此动物不in theinterest inscience and technology aroundthe world.This upbeat能等同于人类attitude isfurther supportedby the proliferation ofnovel inventionsandA factto supportanimal-based experimentis that animalsare not thestate-of-the-art technologiesthat haveemerged inrecent years.While theequivalent\counterpart of humans,and can be usedas resourcesfor humanworld*s continuedadvance invarious domainse.g scienceis noteworthy,purpose.Animals haveno capacitytomakemoral choicesand could notthis advancedoes notcome withoutits problems.recognize therights of other animals.Nor willthey takein consideration theMuch of the worldsachievement in the21st centuryor in the20th centuryinterestsofotherspecies.It ispossible oneof the main reasons why animalshasbeen madeat the cost ofenvironmentandthe poorestpeople andfeedon each other.countries.The automobile industry hasdeveloped rapidly,but theside-effectHumans,in comparison,use animal experimentations not only for their ownof this development is thedegrading environment,which is characterized byinterestsbut alsofor the benefits ofanimals.For instance,some medicalincreasedgreenhouse emissionsand abnormalclimates.The growingdemanddiscoveries can be usedby veterinarysurgeons to give medical care andforcommodities hasprompted the worlds factoriesto increaseoutputtreatment tosick animals.incessantly,accelerating theconsumption ofenergy andother resources.Leading countrieshave advocatedglobalization and promoted thisas away动物的神经系统不如人类发达，痛苦已经最小化minimize pain,而假如of achievingcountries*shared prosperity,but thetruth is that thegap between是在人类身上做试验是不人道的vivisection practicedon humanbeings isrichand poorcountries iswidening,rather thannarrowing.inhumane；动物和人相似bear aresemblance tohumans对外部的影响和In viewof thedownside of the worldsseemingly positivechanges,the人类反应相似respond similarlyto externaldisturbances,因此最适合做替question remains:what changescan bemadein the newcentury Withoutany代品并且人类目前找不到替代动物的试验品replacement,substitutiondoubt,how tomaintain thecurrent momentumwithout causingfurther人类的利益应当建立在动物的利益之上human interestshould beplaceddamage to the environmentshould bethe issueon topagenda.Scientists andabove animalwelfare,运用动物做试验有助于科技的发展反对inventors shouldupdate the environmental impact of theirinventions before动物的生存权需要被保护，严禁虐待行为the prohibitionof torture诸多时候，动物试验的目的只是为了某些商业用途commercial purposes,这是私家车已经变成了人们的生活必需品daily necessity,假如取消cancel会不道德的，例如化妆品产业the cosmeticindustry hasbeen exploiting给我们的生活带来极大的不便great inconvenience,从而影响经济和社会animalexperimentsimply fordiversifying productsand maximizingprofits.的发展The fewercosmetics peopleuse,the feweranimals they have toslaughter.可以通过其他途径来处理we canadopt otherapproaches.动物试验的成果是和信息是不可靠的，具有误导性unreliable and

52.Many people think cheapair travel should be encouraged becauseitmisleading毕竟动物和人类有很大的不一样有关动物做食物gives ordinarypeople freedomto travelfurther.However,others think支持this leads to environmentalproblem,so air travelshould be more富含蛋白质high inprotein和必要的营养物质essential nutrients,没有替expensive inorder todiscourage people from havingit.Discuss the both代品alternative sides and give your own opinion.

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06.14动物没有道德能力（同上）机票应当廉价食物链foodchain有捕食者hunters也有被捕食者prey,物竞天择，适者飞行旅行对于一般人仍然是奢侈的luxurious,然而机票降价就会让他们生存，这是自然法则享有到旅行的快乐反对缩小穷人和富人之间的生活差距，保证secure/guarantee了社会的平等肉类富含动物脂肪和胆固醇high insaturated fat and cholesterol,吃肉过equality和人权human right多over consumption有害健康我们可以采用其他的方式来减缓环境的压力，而不能因此拒绝航空旅所有动物均有生命权entitled topossess theirown lives行给我们带来的便利，毕竟环境保护不是人类发展的主题we canadopt工业化农场经营导致环境污染，某些食物是疾病的来源responsible forotherapproaches to release the environmental pressurerather thandecline thethefood bornedisease,进而影响健康pose healthrisksconvenience thatair travelbrings us,after all,environmental protectionis not

50.Some people think it is acceptableto useanimals for the benefitofthe subjectofhumandevelopment与其他交通工具相比，飞机具有不可humans.Other people think it is wrongto exploitanimals forhuman比拟的优势incomparable advantages,例如舒适、快捷purposes.Discuss bothviews and give your own opinion.

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02.02飞机排放的气体对大气的影响要远远低于工业废气industrial air同意pollution和汽车尾气car emission人类开发使用动物，但诸多都是在可接受的范围之内的acceptable,例如，技术的发展已经让飞机愈加省油fuel-efficient,排气量变低，某些减轻我们大多食用某些家禽、牲畜而不是野生动物，对于生态平衡不会产影响的措施已经实行mitigation measureshave beentaken机票应当更贵生影响；目前的诸多动物试验都是在人道并且不杀死动物的前提下进相较于其他的交通方式，飞机的污染是最大的，假如机票廉价了，也行的；我们使用的皮毛大多来源于人工喂养的动物，不会对生态平衡许会让飞机成为一种重要的长途旅行方式，增长环境承担burdeno飞机导致威胁；我们为了娱乐喂养宠物，而他们也得到了关爱；我们建动排放出大量破坏环境的气体environmental destructivegases,会破坏臭氧物园，在欣赏和娱乐的同步，也保护了诸多濒危的动物层the ozonelayer尤其是私人使用的喷气式飞机jet plane不一样意降价decrease theprice也许会导致航空企业airlines间的恶性竞争，为诸多人为了利益，非法猎杀野生动物了保证成本，undoubtedly无疑要增长航班数量，这时带来的不仅仅是现代的医学试验，虽然大多不需要杀死动物，但无可防止给动物带来更大的污染量，还也许有挥霍痛苦机票涨价之后，旅客可以享有到愈加优质的服务high-quality service增诸多动物在动物园里虽然得以生存，不过失去了自由和在野外环境生长搭乘飞机的费用会减少短途航班short-haul flights,减少二氧化碳的存的能力排放reduce theemissions of carbon dioxide,促使航空企业购置比较节省

51.One long-distance flightconsumes fuel,which acar usesin several油的飞机fuel・efficienl airlinersyears*time,but theycause the same amount of pollution.So some people低的航班费用会导致乘坐固定航班的乘客人数的明显增长Low-costthink thatwe shoulddiscourage non-essential flights,such as tourist airlinetravel hasbeen responsible for themarked growthin the number oftravel,rather than to limitthe use of cars.To whatextent do you agreepassengers whotake tripson scheduledairlines.限制私家车or disagree with thisview

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0553.Some peoplethink international cooperation hasbrought benefits to操作起来更为简朴carry outeasily worldenvironment protection,while some peoplethinkmore benefits限制私家车可以在消除污染的同步，减缓交通压力和都市的拥挤状况hasbeenbrought tointernational business.Discuss bothviews and giveMeanwhile,the trafficpressure andcrowded conditioncould beyour own opinion.

08.

07.26released/reduced.国际合作给环境保护带来的好处私家车所带来的便利可以用其他公共交通方式来替代could be replaced从环境问题自身来讲诸多环境问题在开始的时候也许是地区性的by otherapproaches,as busand tube/subway,例如地铁和巴士；而长途航regional,但最终会成为全球性的worldwide,重要原因是人们共享着地球班用其他方式来替代则会给人们带来极大的麻烦限制非必要航班资源share theearth supply,例如，空气污染和水污染会从一种地方扩展跟其他交通方式相比，Compared with other transportations,flights到另一种地方transport pollutionfrom onelocation to another单方面的努consume morefuel anddischarge morepollution.从污染量上来看，航班力是不够的unilateral movesare notenough,假如采用多变行动take strong的污染更大，从燃油的消耗量上来看，也是航班更多multilateral actions可以互通有无，共享人力、资源、技术International非必要的航班是可以取消的，对我们的正常生活没有很大的影响；而cooperation can cover theshortage of the technique and laborforce

55.Development intechnology causesenvironmental problems.Some共享治理成果，分享经验exchange theexperience,shoulder thepeoplebelieve thesolution in these problemsis everyoneaccepts aresponsibilityand finallybring the environmental problems undersimpler way of life,while otherssay thattechnology cansolve thesecontrol\restriction.problems.Discuss bothview and give your own opinion.

09.

02.12反对国际合作处理环境保护问题假如所有环境问题都由国际合作处理，比较花费时间time-consuming题目理解“如今，科技发展引起环境问题诸多人觉得我们的生活and inefficient,并且由于诸多问题是独立的isolated problems完全可以由方式应当简朴点，而其他人相信科学可以处理环境问题讨论两个观当地政府来处理tackled by the localor nationalgovernment点，给出你自己的见解”导致环境问题的原因因地而异causes andsolutions differfrom oneregion科技发展和社会发展导致了消费主义consumerism的产生消费主义to another国际经验未必适合于特定的地区international practicesmight是指人们常常购置奢侈品或者是多出的商品luxury orunnecessarygoods,首先是由于他们但愿得到消费的快乐pursuit ofhappiness broughtnotapply locally.***国际合作给贸易带来的好处byconsumption,此外首先也是有社会原因，譬如说展示自己的社会地形成双赢的局势form awin-win situation,增进全球经济发展位social statuso譬如说诸多人喜欢每年都买新的手机、电器，这些就互通有无，共享人力、资源、技术With itscollective wealthof experience,是所谓的消费者生活方式consumer lifestyle或者消费文化consumerknowledge,and resources,internationalcooperationis in a uniqueposition toculture o我们喜欢消费，无形之中会对环境产生伤害商品的生产需要花费资bring environmental problemsundercontrol.增强优势企业superior enterprises的国际化和竞争力,淘汰劣势企业源consume/extra resources,而最终会产生垃圾create garbageo譬如说inferior enterprises和产品,即优胜劣汰survival of the fittest生产一台手机需要使用多种金属和非金属材料melallic and non-metallic国际贸易加强的同步，人们的生活也会得到改善和提高，例如我们可materials,需要使用水、电和汽油,最终会产生某些很难分解的垃圾以购置到各国的产品non-biodegradable materials.假如生活比较简朴live a simpler life,产生的垃圾自然少一点给了诸多人才.talented person;talent;qualified personnel;people with科技与否可以处理环境问题？从某些发达国家的经验来看，确实可以special skills;competent people;human talents全球化的就业机会和视野

54.Many peoplethink it is veryimportant to protect environmentbut目前诸多产品都使用某些轻易降解的材料bio-degradable materials,诸多they makeno effortto doit themselves.Why doesit happenHow to工厂也变得非常节能fuel efficient在可预见的未来，科技的发展会减少我们生活对环境产生的伤害我们需要注意的是，科技的发展虽然原因solve this problem

08.

09.13会减少环境压力，不过却不是一种主线性的措施诸多人将环境保护的责任归于政府和有关的组织而非个人Majorities of在讨论好这两个观点后，我们不难发现，在处理环境问题上，我们既people subscribethe responsibilityto the government andrelatedadministrations instead of/ra由er thanindividuals.譬如说植树造林要控制消费文化，也要提高环境保护科技environmentally friendlyafforestation,保护水源等，个人不也许完毕technology0通过接受简朴的生活方式来处理环境问题诸多人不清晰自己行为对环境产生的伤害not aware of theenvironmental在交通上，我们减少使用某些现代的交通工具，可以减少空气污染在impact of their behaviors,也不懂得怎么去保护环境have littleknowledge通讯工具上，减少使用手机cell/mobilephone,可以减少辐射radiation7of how to protect theenvironmentfrom further亏染damage；譬如说，前几天看BBC的报道，诸多专家提议人们减少吃肉，减少使用塑料plastic、化工产品industrial products可以减少白色污染由于肉类产品的生产会消耗大量的农业资源和能源，排放温室气体；white pollution、水污染等这些知识很少人懂得通过科技来处理环境问题没有经济支持，没有专业性，不懂得详细应当怎样去做There reallyexist我们可以使用清洁能源clean/alternative energy,改善交通工具，减少对a largeamount of peoplewhowant to do something to thiscareer,however于空气的污染they do not whatto dospecifically.虽然有人采用了某些环境保护的行为，，但因受不到支持和鼓励，没可以运用生物技术bio-technology,来治理水污染和土壤污染可以使用高有激情和动力继续下去Because ofseldom receivingsupport and科技环境保护材料hi-tech environmentalfriendly materials来替代老式材料，例如使用可降解塑料袋degradable plasticbagsappreciation/encouragement,the onewho devoteda greatdeal to theenvironmental protectionalways hadno passionand motivationto goon.

56.Some think that these environmentalproblemsare toobig for诸多人觉得自己的努力是微弱的和徒劳的negligible andfutile,不也许individuals tobe solved,while othersthink that individuals cannot solve明显地改善环境unlikely to improve thesituation significantlytheseenvironmentalproblems unlessthey makesome action.Discuss诸多人以环境为代价牟取利益Some shortsightedones onlyfocus on thebothviews andgive your opinion.

09.

02.21short-term profitinsteadoflong-term interest.环境保护对于个人来说很难处理措施个人的力量是有限的，不管是从时间、经济还是技术上都是局限性的加强宣传和教育，让人们意识到加强环境保护人人有责诸多环境问题需要人们通力合作甚至是全球合作，例如海洋污染和水指导人们的环境保护行为，使其有组织并具有科学性污染增长对应的投资和鼓励机制诸多人认为环境保护问题并非自己的责任，不会采用什么行动人们采惩罚以环境为代价牟取利益的行为用行为可以处理环境保护问题大多数的环境问题是由公众制造的，因此每个人都采用措施可以从源especially\in particular\particularly thehabitual criminals罪犯在监狱的行头上处理这一问题a fundamentalsolution,get to the rootof something为受到监控不会对外界导致伤害The criminalsbehaviors maybe closely政府或者环境保护组织的行为是宏观的macroscopic readjustmentand monitoredand wouldnot causedamage to the outsideworld.control,而人们的环境保护行为是微观的microscopic behavior,可以弥补安慰受害者solace\comfort thevictims前者的漏洞to plug/close theloopholes有震慑作用，可以警示潜在的犯罪人the deterrent effects maywarn the

57.Many countriesuse fossil fuels coal,oil,natural gas as themain potential criminals fromcommitting crimes.sourceofenergy.However,in somecountries theuses of the alternative是正义战胜邪恶的象征a signof thetriumph ofjustice overevil教育、培训、心理辅导sources ofenergy windenergy andsolar energyare encouraged.Towhat extent do you agree or disagree with this development

09.

5.30改造罪犯最文明的方式是教育、心理治疗和感化it is the best way tocorrectthe criminalsby education;psychology treatmentand inspirationare支持使用可替代资源better tobe taken最佳被采用，是文明社会的标志shorter prison sentences减少环境污染；可更新资源renewable energysources很少排放温室气arethesymbol ofa civilizedsociety.一种文明的社会是以高的文化率和低体，开采过程中也很少对环境产生伤害；的犯罪率为特性的ischaracterizedby\noted for ahighliteracy rateand low发明新的就业机会和产生新的产业，技术可以发售给其他国家；处理crime rate.能源危机，地球的化石燃料储备有限limited reservefor fossilfuels；符合人权Is accordingto thehuman right.长远来说in thelong term/in thelong run,可以减少能源价格协助犯人回归社会,掌握自食其力的技能it isa betterway to help the发展可替代资源的困难有如下某些criminals toreturn the society,they canmaster someskills to support对既有的某些产业产生威胁，譬如说石油开采业oil drilling；诸多国家themselves\earn theirbread\make aliving让罪犯可以在出狱后为社会做目前没有资金开发可替代资源，即便开发了，成本非常高消费不起；奉献,弥补过错they canmake contributionto thesociety torepair their发达国家，譬如说德国，一直都用补助subsidies来协助这些新能源产mistakes.业发展防止犯罪的措施并不是多有地区和国家均有条件运用可再生资源加强自我保护意识the awareness of self-protection should be enhanced目前的技术还不够完善，不能到达fossilfuels的所有长处加强防止precautions,鼓励受害人报案encourage thevictims toreport a

58.An increasein productionof consumer goods resultsin damagetocase tosecurity authorities,同步设法消除受害人紧张报复的心理the naturalenvironment.What arethe causesand possiblesolutionsmeanwhile,approaches should be adoptedto clearthe fear of reprisal

09.

10.10完善法律体系perfect\better legalsystem.Especially,betterment should be

59.The environmentproblem facingtodays worldare sogreat thatdone to theCriminal Lawand CriminalProcedure Law,which maybasicallythere islittle ordinarypeople cando toimprove thesituation.guarantee thelife rightand propertyrightGovernment andlarge companiesshould beresponsiblefor the deducing力口大法制宣传enlarge thescope oflegal advocatingmake moreand moretheamountofdamage beingdoneto theenvironment.To whatextend dopeople to knownlaw better.As acase inpoint,some relatedauthorities andyou agree or disagree

09.

10.31organizations couldtake someefforts topromote peopleslegal awareness

五、犯罪共题，占

67.05%and encouragethem tocombat social evils.必备词汇

60.Some peoplethink thebestwayof reducingcrime isto givelonger3U罪彳亍为、不良彳亍为:criminal behaviors,wrongdoing,law-breaking,prisonsentences.Others,however,think there are otherbetter waystodelinquencyreduce crime.Discuss bothviews andgive your own opinion.

08.

01.12青少年犯罪juvenile delinquency

61.Putting criminalsinto prisonsis notso effectivein dealing with them.罪犯criminal,lawbreaker,offender,delinquentInstead,education andjob trainingshouldbeoffered to them.To what常见的犯罪抢劫robbery;绑架hijack;强奸rape；商店盗窃shopliftextent do you agree or disagree

08.

09.18shoplifter;走私smuggle;贩毒drug-trafficking traffic交易放火罪arson;

62.Many peopleare afraidto leavehome because of crime.Some杀人罪Offenses ofHomicide\murder；故意伤害intentional injury\assaultbelieve thatmore actionshouldbe taken to prevent crime,but othersfeel犯罪的原因little canbe done.Whats yourview

08.

10.04客观上经济上的拮据和生活所迫be infinancial strait;be herdup for

63.Society isbased onrules andlaws.It could not functionifmoney;be shortof money,家庭的负面影响negative influence from familyindividualswere freeto do whatever theywant.To whatextent do youmembersagree or disagree

08.

10.11媒体的负面影响和误导the negativeinfluence from the media主观上心并不是每个人都会合理合法地运用自己的权利，假如每个人均有自由理不正常abnormal psychologyand behavior性格缺陷character flaw做自己想做的事情，势必会侵犯他人的权利If eachindividual hadthe年轻人犯罪往往是由于同伴的压力和一时冲动the youthtend tocommit afreedomto do whatever theywant,others rightswillbeinvaded.crime because of peerpressure andsometimes areonthespur of the moment一种法治的社会是建立在合理使用权利，履行义务的基础上的a legal惩罚的方式society isbased onevery individualuse theirrights properlyand performtheir监狱duty/obligation strictly.防止罪犯再犯罪，尤其是惯犯prevent the criminals fromrecommitment社会应当遵照规则和法律enforce rules and requirepeople toobserve社会方面为年轻人提供更多的就业机会provide morejob opportunitiesthem法律通过惩罚impose sanctions/punishment such as imprisonment树立良好的社会风气监禁,compensation赔偿来约束人的行为control/regulate orshape

六、媒体共5题，占

5.8%citizens9behavior,譬如说,不让人们在公众地方抽烟,不让人们使用毒

66.Some peoplebelieve thattime spenton television,video andcomputer品forbid people touseillegal drugs,防止诈骗prevent anyfraudulent gamescanbevaluable for children.Others believethis hasnegativeactivity；由于人们总是有诸多欲望和动力desires andmotivations去做effects ona child.Discuss bothviews andgive your own opinion.某些伤害自己或者他人的事情法律也会制止任何抢劫、偷盗、身体好处

08.

01.10侵犯、谋杀等行为robbery,theft,physical assaultand murder,保护合法可以更好的与人交流，获得更多的信息，拓宽知识面have abroad公民的权益protecttherights oflaw-abiding citizens,这样可以防止社会knowledge ofmany subjects.的不稳定prevent socialunresto掌握某些办公软件的应用和其他计算机操作是社会发展的需要，为孩某些法律，譬如说税法，环境保护，有助于社会的长足发展sustainable子的职业发展奠定基础Enable the children tocatch upwith thepace ofdevelopment和稳定modern society.They cantouch thelatest technologyand information害处

64.Nowadays,the criminalsset freefrom theprisons alwaystend tocommit crimes again.What arethe causesof thisproblem What过多待在屏幕前会影响身体健康，破坏视力If the children staya longtimein frontof thescreens,great damagecould becaused tothe eyesightandmeasures canbetakento solvethisproblem

09.

06.13impair their health.再犯罪的原因孩子的辨别力较差，某些暴力色情内容的信息不适合小朋友，对他们在监狱中受到消极影响，改造不彻底的行为产生负面影响Most of thechildrencannot tellright fromwrong;出狱后不能自食其力，不能重新适应社会they mayreceive negativeinfluence from the media,such asviolence and受到偏见和歧视，就业和家庭生活很难恢复正常drugs.个人的自卑和心理障碍室内环境让孩子不乐意外出和运动It maymake thechildren live a处理的措施sedentary lifestyleand do not wantto doexercise outdoors.Indoor改善改造措施，让罪犯的改造更为彻底environment改造时对罪犯进行心里辅导和职业培训，让他们彻底拜托犯罪心理，过度依赖电脑excessive relianceon computeruse也许会导致小朋友思维掌握自食其力的技能能力下降，变得懒惰laziness,indolence防止罪犯间的消极交流

67.Children canlearn efficientlyby watchingtelevision,so theyshould保障罪犯在返回社会后的就业和生活问题，尽量减少歧视beencouragedtowatchtelevision regularlyboth at homeandinschool.

65.Whether thelabor rehabilitationprogram isa goodalternative toTo whatextent do you agree or disagree

08.

05.

1068.Detailedimprisonment forlaw offenders

09.

09.17description ofcrimes onnewspaper andTV canhave badconsequences

66.Reasons forincrease ofteenagers5criminal actsandgive youron society,so thiskind ofinformation shouldbe restrictedon media.Tomeasures to reduce it.

09.

11.07同意whatextent do you agree or disagreewiththis statement

08.

08.16青少年犯罪增多的原因对于潜在犯罪人犯罪行为在媒体上很少被惩罚，因此人们也许在生家庭方面活中进行模范.thecriminalbehaviors seldomare punishedon TV,thereby it不稳定的家庭生活unstable familylife,单亲家庭增多single-parentmay causeimitation.households,孩子情感需求无法得到满足emotional needsleft unattended媒体报道的犯罪情节也许给潜在的罪犯提供犯罪措施和手段The crime父母对孩子的教育不够妥善improper parentalcare,过度宠爱孩子，导致episode mayprovide methodsand waystothepotentialcriminals.孩子为所欲为对于一般观众暴力导致观众对犯罪失去敏感性，从而认为犯罪是普家庭暴力使孩子形成畸形的心理状态，导致其走向暴力和犯罪甚至遍的，无可防止的Media violencemay enablethe criminalslose sensitivity有些家长虐待孩子，将其作为发泄的工具moreand more parentsshow antothe crimes,so it may leave a negativeimpression tothe audiencesthatinclination to abuse their children andtreat themas anoutlet ofstresscrime isunavoidable andirresistible教育方面获得教育的机会不够limiled access to education,小孩没有得不一样意到及时对的的引导导致其产生不良行为serious misconduct社会方面媒警示作用社会暴力的重要原因是某些社会原因，而媒体可以起到提体暴力media violenceManystudies havemade itclear that the upsurgein醒观众暴力行为也许导致法律制裁的作用The mainfactors thatcontributetelevised violenceandthevideo gamesthat haveviolence as themain themeto thesocial violenceare tending tobecomplex,however mediacan shoulderisclosely linkedto youngadults9aggressive behaviors失业率the responsibilityto remindthe audiencebeing awareof theviolentunemployment rate^同龄群体的影响delinquent peergroup;年轻人对物质behaviors.财富、奢侈的生活方式的强烈追求a strongdesire formaterial wealthand对媒体暴力的见解因人而异，诸多人觉得这只是一种娱乐Reaction orluxurylifestyles导致其不择手段illegitimate meanso处理措施views towardviolence differfrom individualto individual,a majorityof家庭方面关注孩子的成长，采用对的的教育方式people justview itas entertainment\recreation\amusement宣传作用可以教育方面提供良好的教育机会和环境provide favorableeducational起到防止犯罪的目的.opportunities andenvironment

69.Newspapers have an enormousinfluence in peoples opinionsandideas.Why and doyou think it is positiveor negativesituation

72.Nowadays,many charitiesand organizationspublicize their

09.

03.05activities bysetting up a number of specialdays,like NationalChildrensDay\for encouraginggood careof children,and National7O.Ff aproduct isgood orit meetspeopled needs,people willbuy it.SoNon-smoking Day\for encouragingpeopleto pay more attention toadvertisingis unnecessaryandnomore thanan entertainment.To whathealthy.Why dothese organizationstake theseactivities,and whatwill同意extent doyou agreeor disagree

09.

05.18the effectbe

08.

12.20从长期效果来看，广告的作用是有限的诸多广告均有虚假和欺骗性提高组织的著名度和公众影响力也许会增长商品的成本协助更多的人，尤其是弱视群体disadvantaged group倡导一种好的生活不一样意方式和理念，让人们的生活更美好大多数消费者都是通过广告来获得信息的

73.Rich countriesoften givefinancial aidto poorcountries,but itdoes娱乐只是广告吸引人们的一种方式而非最重要的目的notsolvethe poverty,so richcountries shouldgive othertypesofhelp to广告的作用是多样化的，例如它可以带动有关产业的发展，发明就业the poorcountries rather than the financial aid.To whatextent doyou机会和经济价值agreeor disagree

09.

05.077O.The newsmedia hasits growinginfluence onpeoples everydaylife.

74.Nowadays,more peoplechoose totravel aroundthe world.HoweverSome peoplethink that it isa negativedevelopment.To whatextent dovisitors findthat placesthey visitare becoming increasingly similartoyou agreeor disagree

09.

08.22those in their hometowns.Discuss somepossible causesof thissimilarity.To whatextent doyou think the advantages of this trend outweigh its

七、全球化及其影响共题，占

55.8%disadvantages

09.

08.

2975.1ndividuals and countries fail tohelpevery

71.1nternational travelsometimes makespeople moreprejudiced ratherpersonwho needshelp in the world,so weshould onlybe concernedthanboard-minded.Give outreasonswhyit cannotbring benefitstoabout ourown communitiesand countries.To whatextent doyou agreethosevisitors.Do youhave waystoimprovepeoples understanding ofor disagree

09.

11.21the countriesthey visit

08.

08.21Today,it is not unusualthat countriesjoin reliefefforts inanother country,为何游客不能从中获益mostly oneplagued bynatural disasters.At times,international aidexpands to游客只想看到自己想看到的，而不去理会自己看到的文化是不是正cover abroad range of areas,such asinfrastructure and public serviceof宗的authentic；recipient countries.Critics,however,question thesepractices byarguing that游客只是满足于拍照，买纪念品,明信片，只是在意有无去过某个地方,international aid,despite thetremendous effortmade bydonor countries,is而不在意有无真正理解当地文化；not likelyto benefitevery individualinthe world.In myopinion,thisCulture andcommunication barriersargument isill conceived.Irritate thelocal peopleInternational aid is veryoften deliveredto boost the development of aMaybethe localsare notso friendlytothevisitors countryinthelong run,so whetherit yieldsimmediate benefitsfor everycitizenis nota matterof importance.A classicexample toillustrate thisisthe让游客带有偏见的观点money spentby someinternational organizationsona countrys infrastructure,宣传景点place of interest的材料，譬如说小册pamphlets，电视的宣namely,communications,transport andpower supplies.While thiskind of传TV broadcasts,导游的简介information presentedbythetour guide,等investment is not aimedatindividualcitizens,it isthe preconditionfora等，都会让游客对景点产生一种期待，或者观念；诸多时候，这些宣countrys long-term prosperity.传材料刻意地去剪裁edited deliberately,来符合观众的偏见fit peoplesBesides,the worldis increasinglyinterconnected,so theplight ofonestereotype;country canevolve andeventually affectthe restof theworld.In simpleterms,景点的当地政府让本土人local peopleor indigenouspeople展示他们的any attemptto containa problemthat spreadsinone country ismeanwhile an老式和习俗,来突出其某些特点highlight someunique qualities;游客往effective self-rescue technique.In,IMF injectedenormous liquidityin some往忽视了当地人文化的变化和进步Eastern Europeancountries inan efforttopreventtheir centralbanks fromcollapsing.The stability of thesecountries helpedavoid furtherturmoil of the措施worlds financialindustry andled tothe worldsa faster-than-expected学习当地的语言文化，融入当地生活have anin-depth understandingof therecoveryfrom theeconomic crisis.In thisglobalised world,there isno groundlocalsforworking inisolation andkeeping blindto othercountries issues.求同存异seeking commonground whilerespecting differences,更多的尊Helping othercountries introubled timesalso revealshuman kindness.重，更多的交流Humans havetraditions ofhelping thosevulnerable tonatural disasters,改善当地人的见解，让他们更为友好epidemics andpoverty.This isa universallytreasured value.Countries that

13.1nternational travelis becomingcheaper,and moreand morepromisetosupportless developedmembers of the globalcommunity arecountriesopen theirdoor andwith moreand moretourists.Do thesometimesmotivated bythis moralprinciple.They wouldnot discontinuethisadvantages of the increasedtourism outweigh its disadvantagescausesimply becausethere isa longqueue foraid whileaid isscarce.

08.

11.20Beyond anydoubt,any personwho hasthese factsin mindwould agree

78.As globaltrade increases,many goods,even somedaily goods,arethat countriesshould helpeachother,notonlybecause thisis essentialtotheexported toanother country,which includeslong-distance transportadvanceof theworlds well-being but also becauseit is an expressionof duringshipping.Do youthink itsbenefits outweighits drawbackshumansphilanthropic disposition.

08.

12.04

八、经济共题，占出口的好处

44.7%国际贸易的好处增长出口国的收益形成双赢的局面，增进全球化的进程和经济发展form awin-win situation,增长就业机会promote theprocess ofglobalization andeconomy development可以在无形中宣传本国文化产品丰富人们的生活，提高生活水平enrich peopleslives,enhance the让国内行业参与国际竞争，优胜劣汰living standard出口的害处增强优势企业superior enterprises的国际著名度和竞争力，淘汰discard也许会威胁民族产业劣势企业inferior enterprisessurvival thebest/fittest给某些人才talent国也许让商家为了利润对商品实行双重原则处理不妥也许会产生贸易摩际化的就业机会international employment opportunity和视野擦互通有无，共享人力、资源、技术International cooperalioncancoverthe

79.Developing countriesrequire internationalorganizations9help toshortage ofthetechniqueandlaborforce国际贸易害处ensure healthyand sustainable development.Some peoplethink thatwidenthegap between thepoor andrich financialaidisimportant.Others believe that practicalaid andadvice ismore important.Discuss both these views andgive yourown opinion.

09.也许对国内的行业构成威胁pose threat to domestic\home industries

06.28进口产品价格过高对于诸多消费者支付不起the highprices ofimportedproducts areunaffordable tothe ordinarypeople

九、政府共4题，占

4.7%过度依赖进口会导致贸易逆差rely/depend excessivelyon importmay lead

80.As thenumber ofcars increases,more moneyhas tobe spentonto tradedeficitsroad systems.Some peoplethink the government should pay for this.也许增长国家之间的冲突和摩擦confliction人才流失talent drainOthers,however,think that the usershould payfor thecost.Discuss

16.1n somecountries,it isnow possiblefor peopleto buyawidevarietyboth views andgive yourown opinion.

08.

03.08of foodstransported from all overtheworld.To whatextents dothe政府支付的原因benefits ofthis developmentoutweighthedrawbacks

08.

02.23公路属于公共设施，国家有责任为公共事业投资roads arepublic facilities,

77.Economic progressis oneway tomeasure thesuccess ofonecountry,which deservethe investmentby governmentwhilesome peoplethink thereare otherfactors.What otherfactors国家比起个人和组织，愈加有力量投资公共事业compare withshouldbe consideredWithin thesefactors,doyouthink anyoneis morecorporationsand individuals,countries aremore powerfulinvest onpublicimportant than the others

08.

10.25career.居住条件Living conditions某些国家经济发展很快，却处理不了都市Government couldorganize公路系统只能由国家统一支配the road拥挤overcrowding的问题；也有国家经济发展，不过却忽视了环境污systems uniformly.染environmental pollution,譬如说,美国目前的GDP世界第一，不过它使用者支付的原因却是世界温室气体排放最多的国家其他的原因有卫生条件sanitation,只有使用者为道路建设买单，对于非使用者才是公平的Only theusers基础设施public facilities等人民的生活方式lifestyles譬如说日本，虽pay billfor theroads construction,it would be fairfor thenon-users.然经济很好，不过人们压力过大stressed,缺乏娱乐时间lack ofleisure使用者为道路建设买单可以让他们愈加爱惜道路Users payingfor thetime；有某些国家经济发展加紧的同步，酗酒，吸毒等问题却变得严重roads constructionfees canmake themcherish theroads more.alcoholism anddrug usehave becomeepidemics；美国经济强劲，使用者为道路建设买单，会让政府有更多的精力去投资其他事业，例不过国民却有诸多的健康问题，譬如说肥胖、心脏病等如医疗和教育If userspay billfortheroads construction,the government人们的生活质量诸多国家的通货膨胀过高high consumerprices,人民can sparemore time on otheraspects,such asmedical care and education.的购置力很低；医疗、教育和住房问题housing difficulties/problems没

81.1n somecountries,governments areencouraging industries and有得到处理；有的国家虽然经济发展很快，不过犯罪率也很高a highbusinessesto moveout oflarge citiesand intoregional areas.Do youcrime ratethink theadvantagesofthisdevelopmentoutweighitsdisadvantages社会文化cultures和社会行为social norms经济发展也许会让人们忘Give reasonsfor youanswer andinclude examplesfrom yourknowledge掉某些老式的美德，譬如说诚实和无私honesty andaltruism；小区的老or experiences

08.

08.09式communaltraditions也慢慢消失;人们没有养成诸多社会的优良习惯，好处譬如说互相尊重经济有助于落后地区的发展the development of somedisadvantaged or这些原因之因此重要，是由于关系到个人的生活满足和幸福wellbeingunderdeveloped regions,提高那里的生活水平of individualcitizens,也体现了经济收入与否用于提高人们生活水准improve thestandard of livingwhat iscreated ineconomic growthcanbetranslated into a higherlivingstandard社会缓和大都市的交通堵塞ease traffic congestion,减轻空气污染

8.teaching methodology教学措施reduce airpollution,减轻对多种设施的压力relieve the pressure on

9.schooling学校教育facilities个人:居住条件更好better livingconditions

10.upbringings parentingupbringing家庭教育害处

11.instill highmoral values（注意:value用作复数表达价值观）灌输崇经济有某些地区比较偏远remote,商业迁到这些地区会增长交通运送高的道德观的费用cost oftransportation,更何况诸多地区没有对应的基础设施去支

12.impart\inculcate knowledge传授知识持经济发展，譬如说网络information networks；社会影响某些地区自

13.multi-media teaching多媒体教学身的文化和生活方式culture andlifestyle人口流动甚至会导致犯罪率上升population mobilityleads toa highercrime rate

14.solid professionalworking experience扎实的职业工作经验也许会破坏原有的生态环境may endangeroriginal environment迁移会导

15.vocational education职业教育致那个巨大的挥霍inthecourse oftransfer greatwastes arebond tobe

16.down-to-earlh,practical切合实际的caused

17.stress-related illness与压力有关的疾病

82.Money forpostgraduate researchis limited.Some people,therefore,

18.enjoy equalrights享有平等权利think thatflnancial supportfrom governmentshouldbeonly provided

19.receive education接受教育for scientificresearch rather than researchfor lessuseful subjects.To

20.thought-provoking引人深思的whatextent doyou agreeor disagree

09.

07.

0583.Some peoplethink

21.enlightening予以人启迪的that companiesand individuals,rather thanthe government,shouldpay

22.far-reaching深远的to cleanup pollution.To whatextent

23.never-ending永不停息的（）

十、社会（共doyou agreeor disagreewiththis statement

09.

07.

11224.perplexing令人困惑的题，占）

2.35%

25.overwhelming压倒一切的

84.Some countrieshaveanever-increasing proportion of populationwho

26.the cultural diversity文化的多元性are aged15and younger.What isyouropinionofthecurrent andfutureeffects itmayhavein thosecountries（

08.

04.19）

27.insightful富有洞察力的，有深刻见解的

28.exchange experience交流经验社会低龄化的影响坏的

29.undertake thedue obligations承担责任社会劳动力局限性be lack of laborforce也许会影响国家的经济发展和

30.offer achance ofeducation提供一种教育机会经济建设，may influencethe countryseconomy development国家不得不

31.give abig pushtothedevelopment ofeducation予以教育极大的推进把更多的钱投资在医疗保障和教育上The governmenthas toinvest more

32.vocational guidance职业指导money onthe medical careandeducation.

33.vocational training职业训练青少年是社会的不稳定原因，假如没有妥善的管理和教育，轻易出现

34.face possiblepressure andcompetition迎接也许的压力和竞争麻烦例如吸毒、赌博、青少年犯罪;Adolescents,being theinstable elements,are easy to getaddicted to socialevils,such asdrug use,gambling juvenile

35.Be easilytaken inby轻易受到某人或某事的欺骗delinquency andprostitute.

36.exam-oriented education应试教育未来会产生巨大的就业压力

37.knowledge-intensive知识密集型的;好处labor-intensive劳动密集型的为未来社会的发展提供人才储备Provide talentstock forthe future社会

38.education forall-round development全面发展教育更有活力Full ofenergy\energetic更有发明力产生新的经济增长点

39.have quickand easyaccess tosomething更快地接触到…东西

85.Professional workers（e・g・，nurses,doctors andteachers）should bepaidmore than sports and entertainment personalities.Do you agreeor

40.develop ourcreative mind培养我们发明性思维（）

41.fake diploma假文凭disagree

08.

11.

1442.embracing theknowledge economyage拥抱知识经济时代Selected AdvancedVocabulary forIELTS Writing

一、教育类

43.renew knowledge革新知识

1.adapt oneselftothedevelopment of使自己适应...的发展

44.people-oriented以人为本的；

2.scope ofknowledge知识面profit-oriented以盈利为目的的

3.narrow theg叩between缩小了…的鸿沟

45.system ofeducation教育体制（compulsory education义务教

4.1ighten theburden of减轻了...的承担育,quality education素质教育,student-oriented education以学生为主体

5.comprehensive knowledge广博的知识的教育）

46.keep skillsfresh andup-to-date使得技能可以与时俱进

6.long-distance education远程教育

47.widen onesknowledge拓展知识面

7.enrich theteaching method丰富教育手段

48.enrich onessocial andlife experience丰富了社会和生活阅历specialized areasand haveexperience ininterdisciplinary studyare expected

49.realize thevalue of life实现生命价值tobeinapreponderant position

50.grasp goodcommunication skills掌握良好的交流技能深造的时候有更多的学科选择therearemore choiceswhen seekingfor afurther education.

51.remove misunderstandingand discrimination消除误解和歧视学某些特定科目的好处

1.1improve culturalintegration andglobalization增进了文化的融合和学生将更有时间把精力放在专业课的学习上devote onestime andenergy文化全球化to specificsubjects节省时间

53.cultivate astrong senseof responsibility培养了强烈的责任感提高专业技能increase specializedknowledge提高职业竞争力improvecompetitiveness

54.promote socialskills andcompetence提高了社会能力和竞争力

55.make contributionto society对社会做出奉献

6.Some peoplethink thatchildren shouldobey therules ordowhat their

56.cultivate logicalthinking培养逻辑思维parents and teachers wantthem to do.Other peoplethink thatchildren（46-56可用做教育的好处、作用、影响）controlled toomuch cannotdeal withproblem alone.Discuss bothviews

57.cross-cultural communication跨文化交流and stateyourownopinion.

08.

06.

2158.bias ofculture文化偏见父母的教育方式parenting分为专断型authoritarian,管教型authoritative,

59.mainstream culture主流文化纵容型permissive和漠不关怀型uninvolvedo大多数的专家认同和推荐管教型authoritative这一教育模式，即父母会制定基本的规则establish

60.rote learning、learn thingsby rote死记硬背basic guidelines让小孩去遵照，不过同步考虑到小孩的特点和规定，惩

61.concentrate onesattention on关注...罚的时候同步注意开导孩子

62.cultivate,foster,nurture培养父母和老师制定规则，控制孩子的行为的好处

63.promote thestudents physical,mental\intellectual andemotional孩子缺乏自制力和判断力thechildren are lack of self-control andjudgingdevelopment增进学生身心发展ability/capability

64.psychological soundness\well-being心、壬里健康父母和老师可以根据自己的经验协助孩子找到对的的发展方向take the

65.aptitude,talent学习能力（先天）right pathto success有助于孩子形成良好的行为习惯form appropriatebehavior patterns,改正流能力和合作能力等havenochance toenhance oralcommunication skills其不好的行为习惯等stop theirmisbehaviorsand cooperation skills孩子可以吸取前人的失败教训，防止走弯路can drawexperience from the精力和注意力会被诸多东西分散many distractionsat home并不是所有的preceding failuresand avoidcommitting the same mistakes.父母和老师制行业都承认网络教育的学历，缺乏就业承认not allwork industries定规则，控制孩子的行为的害处acknowledge onlinedegrees导致叛逆的行为result inrebellion,甚至对父母产生憎恨hate theirparents,

4.Schools shouldteach children some academicsubjects,which willbewho applystrict rulesand imposepunishmentbeneficial to their futurecareers.Therefore,other subjects such asmusic导致孩子产生逆来顺受的性格docile obedience,不敢尝试和面对失败and sportsare notimportant.To whatextent doyou agreeor disagreeafraidto tryand fail,体现出局限性够的自制failtodemonstratewith thisopinion

08.

05.22同第2题considerable self-regulation

5.University studentsalways focus on onespecialist subject,but some克制孩子的想像力，不利于孩子充足体现自我deny childrenthepeople think universities shouldencourage theirstudents to study aopportuneityto expressindividualityrange ofsubjects inaddition totheirownsubject.To whatextent doyou缺乏独立性lack ofindependence,low self-esteem；不能独自面对和处理困学习多种科目的好处agreeor disagreewiththisstatement

08.

06.05难conquer difficultiesand handledifferent situations目前诸多大学都倾向于专业学习specialized orvocational education,诸孩子的爱好和决定应当受到尊重receive respectfor theirhobbies and多专业都是以就业为本career-oriented orvocation-oriented而近来的时decisions尚是重新重视全面教育general education,重视学生的技能，在不一样学给父母和老师减轻承担lighten\reduce theburden of...科上的应用

7.Novvadays,more universitystudents choose to studysome practical诸多学科是交叉的interrelated,学习多种科目有助于理解更多的知识subjectssuch as marketing,computer programming,etc.instead ofwidenscope ofknowledge,加深对于专业科目的理解betheoretical subjectssuch aseconomy,math,chemistry.Some peoplebeneficial/advantageous/preferable tothesuggest thatuniversities should focus onpractical subjects,but notunderstanding/comprchcnsion ofspecialist subjects实践科目的好处theoretical subjects.What isyouropinion

08.

07.05毕业之后有更多的工作选择increase employmentopportunity,增长竞争增长学生适应社会的能力increase thecapability ofadapting thesociety力competiveness找工作的时候愈加有竞争力have morecompetitiveness injob当求职市场竞争日趋剧烈的时候，在不一样专业领域涉猎、对于跨学hunting\seeking科学习具有经验的学生有望占据一种主导地位As thejob marketis更快的适应新的工作suit tothe newposition\career morerapidly实践性科目往往愈加有趣，轻易坚持和学习也可以通过学习增长合作能力becomingincreasinglycompetitive,students whodabble in different

89.artificial intelligence人工智能和交流能力,some socialskills ascooperation ability理论科目的好处为实践科目提供理论基础和技术支持provide\supply theoretical

1.1increase efficiency提高效率foundation for practice

91.easy accessibility易于操作增长知识量increase knowledgecapacity

92.make astoundingadvances突飞猛进培养逻辑和思维的能力cultivate critical thinking愈加有助于学生的深造

93.enrich theteaching andlearning methods丰富了教学手段be beneficial to furtherstudy

94.expcrtise专业知识

8.Some teachersthink it is effectivefor students to studyin-group whileothersthink itisbetterto studyalone.What arethe benefitsof eachway95fourishing繁华兴旺的Which onedoyouthink is more effective

08.

08.30分组学习的好处

95.speedy communication迅速的交流增长沟通face toface interaction与交流能力communication skills提高团

97.read between the lines读懂暗含的意思体精神teamspirit,cooperation ingroups;培养学生的责任感individual

98.language acquisition语言习得accountability

99.term术语提高学生处理问题的能力problem-solving ability,他们可以从多种各样lOO.implication含义的观点和经验中获益benefit froma diversityof perspectivesand10l.be fullyawareof...充足意识到...experiences.

102.optimistic乐观的学习气氛更好better atmosphere

103.pessimistic消极的监督性、竞争性monitor andcompete

104.drawback弊端

66.ability,skill学习能力（后天）

105.precious gift宝贵的礼品

67.tap onespotential挖掘某人的潜能

68.go astray误入歧途;indiscipline、misbehavior、mischief不遵守纪

106.1inguist语言学家律;disruptive students、unruly students违反纪律的学生;commitcrimes

107.mission impossible不也许的任务犯罪

二、工作生活与意识形态

69.applied sciences应用学科;basic sciences基础科学;humanities人文l.the tempo\pace of life hasincreased生活节奏加速学科;social sciences社会学科;liberal studiesarts文科;sciences理

2.social settings社会环境科;engineering工科

3.religious belief宗教信奉

70.theoretical knowledge理论知识;practical knowledge实践知识

71.university educationcollegeeducation、higher educationfurther

4.educational level教育程度education tertiaryeducation大学教育;vocational education\training

5.life stages人生的阶段on-the-job training职业教育；primary-level education小学教

6.sedentary lifestyle缺乏运动的生活方式育;secondary-level education中学教育

7.liveahigh-pressured andfast-paced lifestyle高压力和快节奏的生活方

72.youths youngstersadolescents青少年式

73.develop linguisticskills培养语言技能

8.poor timeand moneymanagement金钱和时间管理不妥

74.verbal communication口头交流

9.juggle workand familycommitment不能同步兼顾家庭和工作

75.grammatical rules语法规则lO.unrealistic expectation不切实际的期待

76.context语境

11.nurture agood stateof mind养成良好的心态

77.core关键

12.block outworries争取减少忧虑

13.balance workand family平衡工作和生活

78.translation笔译

14.turn toothers for help寻求协助

79.1nterpretation口译

15.resolve conflictswithotherpeople处理好和他人的矛盾8O.a complexprogress一种复杂过程

16.release yourselffrom dailystresses withgroup sports,social eventsand

81.cream精髓hobbies通过体育、社交活动或者业余爱好来挣脱压力

82.obscure晦涩的

17.a means of self-expression自我体现的一种方式

83.readability朗朗上口

18.follow blindly盲目追求

84.an unrealisticdream一种不切实际的梦想

85.comprehensive knowledge全面的知识

19.dwell toomuch onwhat othersthink失去了自己的喜好和判断

20.reflect one、personality andlikes体现个人的性格和喜好

86.communicate withothers directly,and freely与他人直接自由交流

21.allow peopleto tryon manyroles in life让人们在生活中体验不一样

87.face-to-face communication面对面交流角色

88.stimulate onesinterest激发了…的爱好

22.diversity andvarietyoftheworldin whichwe live使世界愈加丰富多彩

61.the disparitybetweenthecity andthe countryside城镇差E巨

23.root indaily life源于生活

62.relocate搬迁

24.over nourishment营养过乘ij

63.telecommute在家上班

64.leisure、recreation amusemententertainment休闲、娱乐

25.create alienationbetween people导致人与人之间的疏远

26.money-worshiping mercenarymaterialistic过于功禾Ll的

65.laissez-faire management宽松的管理

27.pursue maximumprofit追求最大程度利润

66.operating costsoverhead costs运行成本

28.poverty alleviation扶贫

67.labor pool劳动力资源

68.depression抑郁症

29.job opportunityemploymentopportunity就业机会

69.sleeplessness、sleep-deprivation insomnia失眠症

30.promotion opportunity提高机会

31.switching jobsjob-hopping换工作跳槽

70.population explosionpopulation boom人口爆炸

32.acquire awide arrayofskills发展多种技能

71.family planning、birth control控制人口

33.take onnew challengesand seizeopportunities接受挑战、把握机会

72.gender equality两性平等

34.job security工作稳定

73.gender discriminationsexism性别歧视

35.basic pay基本收入

74.a progressive\enlightening society一种开明的社会

1.11ackof self-motivation缺乏动力

75.be tieddown byhousehold chores被家务事拖累

37.directionless\aimless没有目的

76.child bearing生育孩子

38.egoism利己主义

77.child rearing抚养孩子

39.altruism利他主义

78.elderly people、senior citizens老年人

1.1individualism个人主义

79.family bonds\ties家庭组员间的情感纽带

41.communalism^collectivism集体主义

80.a senseof belonging归属感

42.dowhatisinones ownself-interest每个人都又权力做符合自己利益

81.single-parent family单亲家庭的事情

82.mistreat、abuse虐待

43.hinder onespursuit ofself-development excellenceandcreativity阻碍

83.domestic\family violence家庭暴力寻求自我发展、突出自己和发明性的动力

三、环境与动物保护

44.focusoncontemporary life关注现代生活

1.ecosystem\ecological system生态系统

45.soothe thesoul平缓情绪

2.cological balance\equilibrium生态平衡

46.utilised asa form of propaganda用做一种宣传手段

3.sustainable development可持续发展

47.promote popularmorale提高士气

4.biodiversity生物的多样性

48.enrich culturallife丰富文化生活

5.environmentalists\conservationists环境保护主义者animal right

49.enhance thequality oflife提高生活质量activists动物权益保护主义者

50.attract criticism,arouse hostilityand causeconflict引起批评、激化敌意并导致冲突

6.environmentally-friendly adj.对环境无害的

51.conform theexisting rules墨守成规

7.conservation节省

52.satisfied w汕material comforts满足于物质

8.recycle\reuse v.再运用

53.spiritual needs精神享有

9.advocate themanagement of resources倡导资源管理

54.achieve abalance betweenworkandpleasure劳逸结合

10.benefitfrom从中受益

55.good rapportwith coworkers,peers andsuperiors好的同事、同伴、上司意识

56.time-conscious people时间观念很强的人

12.put forwardvaluable suggestions提出宝贵提议

1.1impoverished poverty-strickendestituteindigent贫穷的

14.shortage\scarcity\dearth\lack n.短缺

58.affluent、wealthy well-off富裕的

15.participate inthe reconstruction ofthecity参与者市重建

59.urban都市的rural乡村的

16.raise theenvironmental managementlevel提高环境管理水平

60.urbanization都市化

52.impose somerestrictions on对…实行限制

17.create apleasant ecologicalenvironment发明出一种友好的生态环境

1.1increase theinputs in…加大对…的投入

18.give priorityto优先关注

54.arouse peoplesawarenessof唤醒人们的…意识

19.catch muchattention引起很大关注

20.deforestation n.砍伐森林

55.take somepreventive remedialmeasures采用某些防止补救措施forestation project造林工程

56.enforce on-the-spot penalties采用立即惩罚性措施afforested areas;greening space绿化面积

57.play therole ofmedia充足的发挥媒体的作用forest coverage森林覆盖率

58.take properguidance andsupport采用恰当的引导和支持wind breaks防风林

1.1impose heavierpenalty on对…实行严格的惩罚sand breaks防沙林

1.5set downeffective laws制定积极有效的法律

21.greenhouse effectglobalwarming温室效应

61.urban planning都市规划

22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水

62.result inshortageofenergy andnatural resources导致了能源和自然

23.non-biodegradable garbage、wastes thatcan notdecompose orbreak资源的短缺downinorganic trash白色污染产生的垃圾

63.break theecological balance破坏了生态的平衡throwaway bio-degradable plasticbags可降解一次性塑料袋

64.be harmful to ourphysical andmental health对我们的身心健康有害

1.1infertile soil贫瘠的土壤

65.contaminate theenvironment污染环境

25.fertile soil肥沃的土壤

66.promote thesustainable development ofthecity增进都市的可持续性

26.arable land、farmland耕地发展

27.pollute\contaminate v.污染

67.greenhouse effect温室效应

28.poisonous\toxic adj.有毒的

68.strengthen pollutioncontrol加强污染控制

29.renewable resources可再生资源

69.popularize environmentalprotection knowledge普及环境保护知识

30.non-renewable resources不可再生资源

70.burning迫在眉睫的

31.consume\deplete v.消耗某种资源

71.environmental degradation环境恶化

32.use up\exhaust v.用尽某种资源

33.harsh measures\actions严厉措施

72.atthecost ofenvironment以环境污染为代价

73.uncontrolled urbanization都市化失控

34.condemn ratherthan condonesth.训斥而不是纵容

74.motor vehicleexhaust、car emission汽车尾气排放

35.resource allocation资源配置

75.exhaust purifier尾气净化器

36.perfect theconstructionofurban infrastructure完善都市基础设施建设

76.urban refuse都市垃圾

37.reduce thenumber ofvehicles减少车辆

77.protect...from overexploitation防止过度开发

1.1implement strictvehicle emissionstandards制定严格的汽车排放原则

78.conservation ofwater andsoil水土保持

39.reduce waste减少挥霍

19.lead-free gasoline无铅汽油

40.eliminate povertyand backwardness消除贫穷与落后

8.gas-fueled vehicles天然气汽车

41.prevent andcontrol pollution防止和控制污染

42.reinforce theconservation ofwater andsoil加强水土保护

81.cell-driven vehicles;battery cars电动汽车

43.keep ecologicalbalance维护生态平衡

82.combat desertification防治荒漠化

44.adopt environmentalprotection technique采用环境保护技术

83.curb environmentalpollution;bring thepollution undercontrol治理环境污染

45.create ahealthy culturalenvironment发明出一种愈加健康的文化气氛

84.1ndustrial solidwastes工业固体废物

46.strengthen theregulation andmonitoring加强监督和管理

84.2rganic pollutions有机污染物

47.enhance the governmental intrusion加大政府干预性措施

86.environment-friendly agriculture;eco-agriculture生态农业

48.promote legislativeregulations增进立法管理

87.water resourceconservation zone水资源保护区

49.establish andperfect thesocial securitysystem建立和完善社会的安

88.slow downthe rateofresourcedegradation减少资源消耗率全体系

89.develop renewable resources开发可再生资源

50.give specialcare to给某人或某物尤其的关照

90.establish naturereserve建立自然保护区

51.map outwork outa blueprintof…制定出…的发展蓝图

91.endangered wildlife濒危野生动物

35.scientific exploration科学探索

92.medical research医学研究

36.airtravel航空旅行

93.cruel\mcrcilcss\inhuman\callous\brutal残忍的

37.ridiculous可笑的

94.vivisection活体解剖

38.absurd荒唐的

95.ease\al1eviate\re1ieve animals,pain减轻动物的痛苦

39.substitute取代

96.pets aretheir masters9companions宠物是主人的伙伴

40.overcome difficulties克服困难

97.afford theirmasters consolationand comfort给主人心理安慰

四、科

41.make progress获得进步技

42.a senseof nationalpride民族自豪感

1.scientific invention科学发明

43.unprecedented前所未有的

2.exert afar-reaching impact on…对…产生一种深远的影响

44.soaring不停上升的

3.double-edged sword双刃剑

45.give agreat pushtotheeconomic growth极大地推进了经济发展

4.cutting-edge technology尖端科技

46.see dramaticbreakthroughs获得突破性进展

47.aggravate使恶化

5.pave theway forthe futuredevelopment为未来的发展铺平道路

48.optimize优化

6.lay asolid foundation for…为…打下良好的基础

49.cure-all solution万能良药

7.information explosion\overload信息爆炸

50.automobileindustry汽车工业

8.depletion ofresources能源消耗

51.boost theeconomic development增进经济发展

9.milestone里程碑

52.levy thetax征税

53.modernization现代化

10.sophisticated equipment尖端设备

54.be viewedas...被视为是...

11.technical innovation科技创新

55.be concernedabout…对…担忧/关注…

12.the informationage\era信息时代

56.pollution-free fuel无污染燃料

13.antithetical与…背道而驰的

57.luxury奢侈品

14.over-commercialized过渡商业化的

58.chronic leadpoisoning慢性铅中毒

59.fin...with…使…充斥着

15.enhance\augment\boost theefficiency提高效率

60.popularization ofcars汽车普及

16.theproliferationof Internet互联网的广泛使用

61.lay moreemphasis on...把重心放在...

17.technological innovations科技创新及发展

62.observe trafficregulations遵守交通规则

18.labor-saving省力的labor-replacing替代人力的

63.break trafficregulations违反交通规则

19.automatic自动的automation自动化

64.get struckin traffic遇上堵车

20.biotechnology生物技术

65.rush hour上下班高峰时间

21.speedy andcomfortable既快捷又舒适

66.easethetrafficpressure缓和交通压力

22.opposite forces负面影响

67.pedestrian行人

68.pavement人行道

23.a fatalbreakdown致命故障

69.zebra crossing斑马线

24.potential hazards潜在危险

70.over speed超速行驶

25.pose athreatto…对…有一种威胁

71.bottleneck交通堵塞地区

26.promote relative industries增进有关产业发展

72.settle clowneffective laws制定出积极有效的法律

27.accelerate力口速...

73.Impose restrictionson…对…实行限制

74.short-sighted目光短浅的

28.meansoftransportation交通方式

75.non-renewableresources不可再生资源

29.transportation tools交通工具

76.telecommunications远程通信

30.social status社会地位

77.a pillarindustry支柱产业

31.environmentally-friendly resources环境保护的能源

78.make fulluseof…充足运用

32.make peopleslife easier使人们生活更以便

79.road networks公路网

33.alternative fuel可替代燃料

80.speed limits限速

81.enhance thequality oflife提高生活质量

34.sustainabledevelopment可持续性发展

82.pay aheavy price付出惨痛的代价

16.petty crime轻罪

83.promote thedevelopment ofrelativeindustries增进有关产业发展

17.first-time offenders初犯者

84.traffic engineering交通运送工程

18.hardened offenders惯犯

85.thenumberofcarownership汽车拥有量

19.revert tocrime再次犯罪

86.call for…需要...

20.track down、hunt down^capture抓捕

87.overcrowded过度拥挤的

88.violator违规者

21.abide bythe law、comply withthe law遵避法律

89.headache令人头痛的事

1.1law-abiding citizens遵法公民

90.traffic accidents交通事故

23.boostthesenseofsafety增强安全意识

91.head-way进展

24.reinforce thepolice forceand increasepatrol增强警力和巡查

92.conflict with…与…相冲突

25.miscarriges ofjustice执法不公

93.major cause重要原因

26.deterrenteffect震慑作用

94.bereplacedby...被...所取代

27.asignofthetriumph ofgood overevil正义战胜邪恶象征

95.provide conveniencefbr...为...提供便利

28.being closelymonitored受到严格监控

96.curb限制…

29.fearofreprisal紧张报复的心理

97.dilemma进退两难

30.restrict freedom限制自由

98.encourage somebodytodosomething鼓励某人去做某事

31.invade privacy侵犯隐私

99.energy-saving节能的

32.alert peopletotherisk ofbeing victimizedby crime提高人们对于犯

100.marketable products畅销产品罪的警惕

101.potential market潜在市场

33.robbcry抢劫

102.in viewof考虑到

34.hijack绑架

103.be temptedinto anunhealthy lifestyle.过上一种不健康的生活方式

35.rape强奸

104.jump intoour sight映入眼帘

1.5shoplift商店盗窃shoplifter商店盗窃

105.fake andexaggerated information虚假信息、

1.6smuggle走私

106.be deceptiveand misleading具有欺骗性和误导性

38.drug-trafficking贩毒traffic交易

107.high-tech products高科技产品

39.arson放火罪

108.perfect services完善服务

40.offenses ofhomicide\murder杀人罪

109.in allwalks oflife在各行各业

41.crime ofintentional injury\assault故意伤害罪

五、犯罪类

六、文化与旅游

1.commit acrime犯罪

1.tourist attractionstouristspots placesofinterest旅游景点

2.break\violate\flout\disobey thelaw触犯法律

2.maitain protectpreserve.保护

3.offence、crimescriminal acts罪行

4.criminal、offenders culpritperpetrator罪犯

3.forefathers ancestors祖先

5.accomplice accessory从犯

4.descendants后裔

6.resent societyhold agrudge againstsociety憎恨社会

5.ethnic minorities少数民族

7.victims受害者

6.the harmonybetween ethnicgroups/races民族团结

8.trauma心理创伤

7.cultural diversity文化融合

9.prison监狱

8.interaction互相影响

10.cell牢房

9.culturaldiversity文化多元性lO.insular/provincial/parochial mentality狭隘的观念

11.imprison\incarcerate someone监禁

11.deprecate/denigrate/minimize theimportance of贬低

12.be broughtto justice被绳之以法

12.push back/expand onesvision/horizons开阔眼界

13.reform\rehabilitate criminals改造罪犯

13.promote culturalcommunication增进文化交流

1.11aw enforcementagencies执法部门

14.draw/attract/appeal to/be amagnet forsb.吸弓I

15.heinous\flagitious crime、felony重罪

1.3code ofethics/conduct道德准则

15.first-hand experience亲身体验second-hand experience/vicarious experience间接体验33,head news头条新闻

16.multi-sensory多种感官体验的

1.50ofe news娱乐新闻

17.conflict冲突

1.51porting news体育新闻

18.discord/dissension争端

36.healthy express健康快讯

37.celebrity anecdote名人逸事

19.isolate thetourist fromthe locals把游客和当地人隔离

20.commercialize商业化

38.cater theaudience迎合观众

21.cultural heritage文化遗产

39.give anexaggerated accountofanissue夸张其词

22.the Internetwill notrender tourismobsoletes互联网不会让旅游业过

40.market-driven,obedient tomarket demands以市场为中心时

41.entertain consumers娱乐消费者

七、媒体类

42.lose respectfortheprivacy ofpeople对他人的隐私不够尊重

1.current affairs时事

43.public serviceadvertising,non-commercial advertising公益广告

2.thepress时事

44.advertising breaks广告时间

3.the printmedia时印刷机构

45.广告的长处

4.news outlets报道的新闻机构disseminate\propagate\populate marketinformation传播市场信息inform

5.the electronicmedia电子媒体consumers ofnew products简介新产品

6.prevalent ubiquitouspervasive无处不在的

7.be awashwith;be inundatewith;be saturatedwith充斥着encourage competitionin qualityan productinnovation鼓励质量上的竞争和产品革新

8.censor审查enrich the consumers lives and improveliving standards丰富消费者的生活，

9.deletex eliminateexcise删除提高生活质量

10.excessivegratuitous violentand pornographiccontents过多的暴力与enable greatervolumes tobe soldandpromoteeconomic development增进色情内容产品的销量和经济的发展

11.misleading misrepresenteddistorted有误导性的

46.广告的缺陷

12.fraudulent诈骗性的add tothecostof everyproduct由于广告费的原因，广告会增长商品的

13.false、bogus虚假的价格

14.report sth.in graphicdetail报道非常详尽的新界claims orvisual imagesthat directlyor indirectlymislead theconsumers广告的语言和图像会直接或者间接误导观众

15.media hype媒体炒作abuse theconsumers9trust,exploit theirlack ofexperience orknowledge to

16.exaggerate\sensationalize things;blow thingsout ofall proportions夸张manipulate them滥用消费者的信任，运用他们缺乏有事件关经验和知识的特点去诱导他们购置对自己无用的产品

17.objective andbalanced公正客观的dispose ofexcess production广告诸多时候就是协助处理滞销产品

18.expose reveal揭发

八、经济类

19.violate intrudeon/infringe on侵犯隐私

1.saving储蓄

20.tarnishsully/smear/besmirch onesreputation毁坏某人的声誉

1.1nvestment投资

21.paparazzi单复同体狗仔队

3.expenditure支出花费

22.celebrity名人

4.capital资本资金资产

23.scandals丑闻

5.currency通货通用市价

24.cover up;gloss over;whitewash掩盖

25.blassed;skewed;unobjective不客观的

6.denomination（种类、数值、大小）的单位

26.factual accounts如实地描述

7.demand需求、需求量

27.reliable;trustworthydependable可信的

8.supply补给、供应、供应品28,up-to-date;up-to-the-minute及时的

9.purchase购置

1.1informative信息量大的

1.1inflation通货膨胀

3.entertaining娱乐性强的

11.deflation通货紧缩

1.

2.newsworthy有新闻价值的

12.monetary货币的金钱的

13.microeconomics微观经济学

9.private sector私人企业

14.macroeconomics宏观经济学

10.gencral interest公众利益

15.consume消费消耗

11.welfare福利

16.distribution分派、分发、配给物

12.financial assistance经济援助

17.durability经久、耐久力

13.shake off\get ridof poverty挣脱贫穷

18.nominal名义上的、近似的、大概的

14.authorities当局

15.citizens;the citizenry老百姓

19.taxation课税、征税、税收、税款、估定的税额

16.regulate;administe;oversee规范，管理

20.externality外部原因、也许影响行动进程的偶尔条件

17.implement实行

21.asymmetric不均匀的不对衬的

18.legislate;make laws立法

22.fluctuate变动波动涨落

19.strictly prohibit;ban altogether严禁

23.trademark商标1O.stringent laws/legislation严格的法律

24.copyright版权著作权

21.scrutiny n.;scrutinize v.monitor v.监督

25.brand商标牌子

22.allocate moneyto sth;be apatron of;invest in;fund;dedicate moneyto

26.appreciation增值sth.为……拨款

27.depreciation贬值

23.budget n.预算

28.d叩ression萧条不景气

24.tax revenue税收

29.discount折扣

25.the governmentspending/expenditure onsth.政府开支

30.entrepreneur企业家主办人

26.curtail削减3Lfiscal财政的国库的会计的

27.augment增长

1.1insurance保险保险单保险业保险费

28.give priorityto sth,把当作当务之急

33.futures期货

29.responsibility;obligation责任

34.financial财政的金融的

3.arms race军备竞赛

35.equilibrium平衡、均衡

31.self-defense自卫

36.hyperinflation恶性通货膨胀

32.national security;homeland security国土安全

37.profitability收益性收益率

33.short-sighted policy缺乏远见的政策

38.stock股本股票股份

34.expansion n.aggression n.犷张

39.tariff关税关税表

35.seek\pursue hegemony寻求霸权

40.quota配额限额

36.a viciouscircle恶性循环

41.surplus剩余过剩

37.destabilizing factors地区不稳定原因

42.merchandise商品货品

38.rulesandregulations规章制度

43.commerce商业

39.space race太空竞赛

44.account计算账目4O.arms n.weapons n.armaments n.武若昆

45.transaction交易事务处理事务

1.1laid-off workers;downsized workers下岗工人

九、政府类

42.power grid电网

43.democratic民主的democracy民主

1.unemployment；joblessness失业

44.民主与开明的政府a democraticand progressivegovernment

1.1nfrastructure基础设施

1.50cial security社会保障

十、社会类

4.medical caresystem医疗保健

1.urbanization都市化

5.public transportation公共交通

2.centralization集中化

6.public service公共服务

3.imbalance不平衡

7.essential sectors关键行业

8.non-essential sectors非紧要行业

4.inthelong run从长远角度而言

1.1nfrastructure基础设施

6.booming繁华发展的

7.tertiary industry第三产业

8.tranquility宁静

9.re venue税收

10.commercialization商业化

11.trafficcongestion交通拥挤

12.water scarcity水短缺

13.theenvironmentalpollution环境污染

14.over-industrialization过度工业化

15.over-crowdedness过度拥挤

16.unemployment失业

17.wealth distribution财富分派

18.social instability社会动乱

19.urban construction都市建设

20.population explosion人口激增

21.a risingcrimerate犯罪率上升

22.drain ofenergy andresources能源和资源消耗

23.offer morejob opportunities提供更多的就业机会

24.a rapidpace oflife快节奏生活

25.stress-related illnesses与压力有关的疾病

26.high costofliving高额生活费用

27.pastoral life田园生活

28.class polarization阶级两极分化

29.social welfare社会福利

30.give specialcare to…予以…特殊关照

31.urban sprawl都市扩张

32.convenient transportationmeans便捷的交通工具

33.better medicalservices更好的医疗服务

34.pressure of modern lifein city都市生活压力

35.be vulnerableto...易于患上…

36.melting pot熔炉

37.onthebrink of...处在...边缘

38.pollutant污染性物质

39.waste disposal废物处理

40.put theblame on...归咎于...

41.be attributableto...归由于...

42.ways ofconsumption消费方式

43.suffer heavylosses遭受重大损失

44.citizen居民

45.be confrontedwith...面临着…

46.breed crimes滋生犯罪

47.vicious cycle恶性循环

48.a feasiblemeasure一种可行的措施

49.give priorityto…优先考虑...

50.city plan都市规划适合较低阶段和较低年龄的学习:group studysuits primarystage单独学同意习的好处对个人来讲农村学生和贫困学生students fromrural ordeprived areas节省时间time-saving,更有效率more efficient、突出学生的个人目的虽然受教育的机会很低，不过不代表着他们没有天赋aptitudes,知识和personal distinctions,而分组学习过度强调步调一致concerted effort个别态度去适合大学的规定meet entry requirements，为贫穷学生上大学提学生也许失去对于学习的爱好lose learningenjoyment,没有动力lack供便利可以保证受教育机会的均等，同步，对于贫困生来说，教育意motivation味着变化毕生的机会life-changing opportunity大学提供的经济支持和学培养独立思索能力self-independent术支持，可以协助学生适应都市生活和大学生活adapt tourban life and安静、可以集中精力quiet,be beneficialto concentrationuniversity life对于贫困地区来说可以有助于脱贫致富In thelongrun,适合高级阶段的学习suits seniorstudy onlymorestudentsattend universities,can thispoor areashake off/get ridofpoverty,对于国家和社会来说仅仅由于经济条件而不能入学，社会就

9.Once childrenstart school,teachers havemore influencethan parents会失去某些优秀的人才young talent；与此同步，由于受教育机会的不on their intellectual and social development.To whatextent doyou agree平衡equal accessto educationis notguaranteed,贫困学生在就业方面会or disagree

08.

09.06处在劣势atadisadvantage,贫富的差距会维持此外，文化普及率的提浅析教育类的新题目前题库中没有任何题目与之相近然而，假高可以提高国民素质，和一种国家的竞争力the improvementof如考生聪颖一点，完全可以将“老师”引申为“学校”或者“教育L这educational levelcould greatlyenhance thequality ofthe nationbasically.样的思绪就比较宽首先看看两个概念一是什么是intellectualTherefore,itmaylead to\contribute tothe nationscompetitiveness inthedevelopment Intellectualdevelopment refers tothedevelopmentofonesworld.ability tothink,to understandideas andto acquireknowledge.ll.Many peopleuse distance-learning programsstudy materialpost,TV,二是什么是social developmentSocial developmentreferstotheInternet,etc.to study athome,but somepeoplethink that itcannotacquisition andimprovementofskills thatare essentialto sociallife orbringthebenefitas muchas attendingcollege oruniversity.To whatactivitiesthat haverelevance toones functioningin society.extent doyou agreeordisagree

08.

10.

2312.Memorization of老师对小孩的学习能力和社会能力的影响information byfrequent repetitionrote learningplays arole inmost老师更具有专业性education systems.Do theadvantagesofthis methodof learning老师可以制定教学措施devise teachingmethods,练习drills,设计功课长处outweighitsdisadvantages

08.

12.06design assignments,甚至可以调整课程revise thecurriculum,来提高小轻易掌握，easy handle孩的学习能力譬如说，绘画可以提高小孩的想象能力ability to普遍应用widely use;basic wayto memorize在接受教育的初期和年龄visualize differentsubjects,精读critical reading可以提高小孩的归纳能较小的孩子中合用缺陷力abilities tosummarize keymessages ofa readingpassage，试验课lab效率低、挥霍时间low efficiencyexperiments可以提高小孩的观测能力abilities toobserve anddetect局限发明力limit creativity；枯燥boring不能灵活应用could not be useddifferences；家长一般是不也许有那么全面的知识，全面的开发小孩的vividly智力foster childrensintellectual developmentindifferentaspects轻易遗忘easytoforget,印象不深刻couldnotleaveadeep impression老师可以通过课程和功课的安排，来提高小孩的社会能力譬如说，体在较高层次的学习中就不再合用了育可以增长小孩的团体精神inject astrong senseof teamspirit,小组作业

13.Some peoplebelieve thata countrybenefits greatlywith ahighgroup assignments可以让小孩习惯于互相协助join efforts/makepercentage ofyoung peoplewho go to university,while othersargue thatjoint-effects todeal withproblems,参与小区活动it onlyleadstograduate unemployment.Discuss bothviews andgivecommunity activities可以提高小孩对小区的理解haveastrong senseofyour opinion.

08.

12.13communityExcessive enrollment家长对小孩的学习能力和社会能力的影响扩招的好处家长可以指导小孩完毕作业provide instruction,从而保证教育延续至IJ更多人接受教育，提高文化普及率the enhancementof culturalpenetration,家里consistency ofeducation betweenschool andhome environments；家enhance theliteracy rate,增强国家的竞争力，增进社会的发展to长可以通过某些课外活动来协助小孩提高技能，譬如说gardening,提高strengthen the countrys competitiveness,promote socialdevelopment小孩的动手能力和处理问题能力hands-onskillsand problem-solving提高了劳动力的素质，从而提高了生产效率abilities处理了一部分的就业问题solve partoftheemployment problem产生了家长在小孩的社会生活中起着重要的作用；家长决定了小孩和什么人跟高等教育有关的新的经济增长点和产业Produce newindustriesand接触，参与什么社会活动social activities,决定了社会学习的效果economic growthpoint relatedto higher educationoutcomes ofsocial learning,掌握礼仪etiquettes扩招的害处lO.Students frompoor backgroundsuch asrural areasoften find it教育资源有限的状况下扩招会导致毕业生学习不到充足的知识，缺乏difficult toaccesstouniversity education,so peoplethinkuniversities就业竞争力when theeducational resourcesare limited,excessiveshould make it especiallyeasy forthem tostudyat.To whatextent doenrollmentmay createa terriblephenomenon thatthestudentscouldnotlearnyou agreeordisagree

08.

09.27enough/adequate knowledge and arelack ofcompetitiveness减少高等教育的含金量devalue thehigher educationsuperior proficiency.导致教育行业的不良竞争leadto/contribute todeteriorate competition反对学校强调外语学习***毕业就失业的原因同失业的原因强制教育也许会导致学生对语言学习的厌恶Demanding languagetasks失业的原因是综合的Comprehensive reasons,例如经济衰退或者不景气might engenderfrustration amongstudents,causing theirresentment againstrecession/d叩ression,就业岗位剧减，导致市场对于劳动力的需求整体language acquisition.语言的学习波及到文化，过度强调外语学习也许会让学生对于本国文下降a fallintheoverall demandfor labor化的学习缺失还也许社会原因劳动法制约着雇主labor/job marketregulations,使其对学生应当全面发展，过度强调一科也许会占用学生大部分的精力诸员工的招聘尤其谨慎；雇主对年轻人抱有偏见和不信任Prejudice to多科目的学习是不需要以外语为基础的，学生未必可以学以致用applyyoung inexperiencedworkerswhat onehas learnedto practice还也许有个人原因教育不够inadequate education,没有工作经验，缺结论学校应当规定学生学习外语，不过应当予以更多的灵活乏培训lack ofappropriate training缺乏对于劳动力市场的清晰理解a度.Schools shouldrequire studentsto learna foreign language,but shouldbeclear understandingofthejob market对工资和职业的期望值过高given moreflexibilityexceedingly highoccupational andwage aspirations/expectation,缺乏对于工作的耐性和雇主的忠诚度lackofloyalty toemployersA concludingremark isthat schoolsshould not be heldback bysome

1..Students atschools anduniversities learnfar morefrom lessonswithstudents apparentlackofcapacity forlanguage learning.Instead,flexibilityteachers thanfrom otherssources such asthe Internet,television.Toshould begiven inlearning taskdesign so astoboost studentsinterest inwhatextent doyouagreeordisagree

09.

01.

1515.More andmorelanguage acquisition.In aworld wherenobody isexempt fromstudentschoosetogo toanother countryfor theirhighereducation.Docommunication ina secondlanguage,learning aforeign languagehas itsyouthink thebenefits outweighthe problemsassociated withitjustifications.留学的好处

09.

03.14学习不一样的文化，开阔视野learn diversifiedcultures andexpand vision

19.Students arenow sentto boarding schools andeven othercountries有助于语言的学习be beneficialto languagestudy awayfrom home,tostudyandliveon theirown.This hasbecome more增强竞争力，拥有国际化的就业机会enhance competiveness,have andmore commonin many countries.What arethe reasonsfor thisIs itinternationaljob opportunitya positivedevelopment

09.

07.25大意独立性,生存能力independence,survival skills学生目前被送到了寄宿学校，甚至是国外远离家人，独力学习和生活.运用先进的教学设备和教育资源take advantageof advancedteaching在诸多国家，这已经变得很普遍.原因是什么？与否这代表着一种积极equipments andrecourses留学的害处的变化？想家，孤单感，无助感homesick,feel lonely,helpless巨大的经济压力在上面留学话题的基础上加入了寄宿学校的内容economic pressure人才流失talent drain寄宿学校的好处由于缺乏监督，也许会沾染到不好的习惯may addictto badhabits由于父母工作的原因，有些家庭总是居无定所have tocope with

16.Some peoplethink thatcomputers andtheInternetaremoregeographic displacementfrequently而寄宿学校可以保证教育的延续性importantfora childseducation thangoing toschool.But others believe educationalcontinuitythat schools and teachersare essentialforchildrento learneffectively.学生的状况可以一直被监督regular supervisedstudy periods成绩会提高Discuss bothviews andgive yourownopinion.

09.

04.25更快high achievementstandards

2..Some peoplebelieve that teenagers shouldconcentrate onall school集体生活communal life可以培养学生和其他人，例如教职工工和同学subjects.But,others believe thatteenagersshouldfocusonthesubject的关系the communityatmosphere fostersrelationship betweenstudents andthatthey arebest ator thatthey findthe mostinterest.Discuss bothothers,as facultyand classmates,增长与人交往的机会these views andgive yourownopinion.

09.

05.09比较与第五题的区别培养集体意识主体不一样unversity studentsVS teenagers寄宿可以培养学生的独立自主能力和独立生活能力寄宿学校的害处

18.Some childrendonotappear tohave languagetalent,so schools导致学生和社会隔离to causetobeinadetached orisolated position.导致should notrequire thenlearning aforeignlanguage.What isyour孩子和父母的关系疏远alienate childrenfrom parents无法满足其情感需opinion

09.

06.20要emotional needs从而加大与父母之间的代沟学生自由掌握的时间减少less freetime大部分时候要遵从学校的安排浅析受同年龄群体的不良影响的机会增长receive negativeinfluencefrompeer这是一道教育类的新题.外语学习的作文题在近来两年有所增长,是个group可以注意的趋势.支持学校强调外语学习全球化让外语学习成为必须完毕的学习任务.Language acquisitionhas Thosewho studyata boarding schoolor gooverseas foreducationalpurposes haveappeared toaccount fora growingproportionofstudents inevolvedfromaneed toa mustinaglobalised world.语言学习已经成为其他科目学习的媒介物和必需品manycountries.There area numberof motivatorsbehind parentsdecisions to语言学习波及到学生未来的交流技能，甚至需要对语言非常纯熟achieve sendstudentstoboarding schoolsor foreigncountries.These motivatorsmight be reasonable,but thistrend shouldnotbewelcomed.Model Answer:Today,parents areinterested inputting theirchildren inan institutionChildren representboththe present andthe future.In recentyears,there hasremotefromtheneighborhood,soastoprotecttheirchildrenfromtherisk ofbeen asurge ofinterest intransforming childcareintoa formal subjectofdrug use,joining gangsand teensex.Under thesupervision ofstaff inschool,academic studies.Traditional childcareskills,which arepassed onfrom onechildren are requiredand expectedto disciplinethemselves andconcentrate generation toanotherthrough oraland informalinstruction,are notsufficienton theirschoolwork.In addition,parents aremotivated bythe ideathat theirto guaranteequality care,so parentsparticipation incare trainingischildren mightimprove theirabilities tocope withdaily problemsadvisable.independently inaboardingschool,where theycannot turnto parentsforhelp,Many parents mightbe accustomedtothe ideathat childcareis allabouteven inhandling seeminglytrivial tasks,such aslaundry.Such challengeslove,but thisnotion ismisleading.While itis easyto admitthat parentsareprepare themwell foradulthood,in whichthey areoverwhelmed withvarious responsibleto attendto childrens needs,itisalso important to notethatproblems.childrenaretoo ofteninsatiable.Unlike adults,theyhaveno ideaof whattheirParents initiativesshouldbeappreciated,but itturns outthat boardingbehaviors leadto.For example,childrenarecandy loverswithout knowledgeschoolsdonotoffer ananswer totheir worries.Children mightnot havethose thatcandy cancause obesityand toothdamage.Parents shouldnot respondtobehavior problemscommonly foundamong thosefrom dayschools,but thechildrensneedsfor candypermanently.Parents whogive whateverchildrencost ofthis benefitis childrenszero sociallife.Many students,especially want,known asindulgent parents,canbeblamed for their childrensbehaviorthose inearly teens,suffer homesicknessand depressionbecauseof their problemsand unhealthyhabits.Childcare trainingteaches parentshowtotakeprotracted familydetachment.These problemscanbeeven moredevastating aholistic approachto carefortheirchildren andprevents themfromamong thosewho haveto stayoverseas allyear long.The mundanecampus answeringchildrens inappropriateneeds.life mightnurture themisconception ofwhatthereal worldis likeamong Anothermisconceived ideaof childcareisthatitisasimpleprocess ofstudents.They mightgraduate fromschools withconfusion whenthey feedingchildren andmaking themto sleepregularly.Contemporary childcareexperienceproblems inmaking anadjustment fromschool to society.isnotlimited tothis.Equally importantforthisscience areemotional andEvena shallowreview ofthe problemsassociated withboarding schoolsor mentalwellbeing.For example,some childrensfirst stepcomes earlierthanoverseas studycan propelus toreassess thesetwo brand-new preferences.other childrensnot necessarilybecause thesechildren haveintake ofmoreAlthough theboardingschoolacts asa vacuumand cutsstudents potentialnutrition butsimply becausethey aremore intelligentand curiousabout theexposure tosocialevils,it mightmeanwhile compromisestudents socialphysical environment.Childcare isacomplexscience thatgoes beyondskillsand make them feeblein adults*world.nutrition.Whether parentshave helpedchildren improvemotor skillsand

20.The authoritiessuchasthegovernmentdecide thesubjects andcognitive skillsaccounts forchildrens overallwellbeing.course contents.Some peoplearguethatteachers shouldmaketheThe pointsput forwardabove,I believe,offer someinsights intochildcare.decision.To whatextent doyouagreeordisagree

09.

08.13Successful childcaredoes notlie onlyin lovebut alsoin skills.Childrens

21.Some peoplethink that students shouldgo tocollege forfurther healthydevelopmentismeasured notonly byphysical wellbeingbutalsobyeducation.However,others statethatstudentsshould learnthe skillsof growthin otherdimensions.With theseborne inmind,parentsmightnow befixingcars ortake jobsin industriessuchasconstruction,which arecompelled tojoin childcare training.more valuabletosociety.What isyouropinion

09.

09.

0523.1nsomecountries,some schoolleavers chooseto workor travelfora大学教育的优势period oftime betweenfinishing highschool andattending university.有助于学习技能，提高思索问题criticalthinkingskills＞分析问题剑桥系Discuss advantagesand disadvantagesofthisdecision.

09.

09.26analytical skills、处理问题的能力problem solvingability为未来的实践列原题工作提供理论基础lay asolid foundationforpractice学生在大学这样一种环境中得到的是综合素养Comprehensive quality的提高，例如主流社会的价值观念,道德观The valuesand moralconcepts ofmainstream society

24.Once childrenstart school,the teacherswould havemore influencein技术课程的优势theirintellectualandsocialdevelopment thanparents.To whatextent do对于收入较低的家庭更为经济more realisticfor lower-income familiesyouagreeordisagree

09.

10.08弥补大学教育的局限性，例如，诸多人通过大学教育后并不能很好的就业，再如诸多人由于入学规定entryrequirements等条件而被大学拒

25.Some peoplethinkthata universityshould preparestudents for之门外employment,while othersdisagree andbelieve ithas otherfunctions.大学教育的作Discuss bothsidesandgive yourownopinion.

09.

10.24诸多人具有特殊的天赋，职业技术课程更有助于这些人发挥自己的才用能

二、工作生活与意识形态共题，占

1517.6%

22.Caring forchildren isprobably the most important thingtothe工作生活与意识形态这一类考题在某些参照数目中也被叫做生活方式society.All parentsshould thereforetake thechildcaretrainingcourses.和社会观念类考题一般来说，这一类题目可以从三大角度来考虑

1、To whatextentdoyouagreeordisagreewiththestatement

09.

09.13外部环境自然环境、生活环境的变化和影响、社会原因家人的利2新题益、朋友的选择、社会地位、个人原因收入状况、个人爱好、年龄这是一道比较新奇的题目，该题的背景简介为一句名人名言，也是不3构造、受教育程度的变化多见的形式不过该题并没有给考生的审题带来太大的障碍，由于背面的提问句的表述还是非常简洁清晰的这道题不像此前的雅思作文

26.The oldergenerations havevery traditionalideas aboutthe correct题目，非常浪漫的一种考题给人发挥的空间很大，你可以辞别此前ways oflife,thinking andbehavior.However,somepeoplethinkthat所有雅思写作生涩的模板和套句，充斥激情地尝试这篇文章下面我these ideasarenothelpful forthe younggenerationtoprepare for们挑出其中一种新奇，并且对于大多数同学来说比较有难度的题目modernlife.To whatextentdoyouagreeordisagreewiththisopinion

08.

01.19Tomorrow isanother day.Although living inthecurrent societykeeps usawayfromtheshadows ofthe past,itismoreimportantfor individuals and老年人的思维和生活方式不会制约年轻人countries tothink aboutthe futurethan focusing onthe present.Three每个人的观念是不一样的，也很难受到他人的影响尤其对于年轻人episodes fromhistory serveas compellingexamples ofthis fact.来说更是这样,由于他们更为独立明天是新的一天，虽然生活在当下世界让我们远离过去的影子，对于Different individualshold differentperceptions;itishard to receive influence个人和国家来说似乎考虑未来比关注目前愈加重要历史上的三个小from others.Especially forthe youngpeople,for theyaremoreindependent.片段可以作为这个观点的例证老年人的老式思维和生活方式有助于年轻人形成良好的道德观念和生Where thereis future,thereishope.Even afterthe SupremeCourt struck活习惯The traditionalwayofthinking\thoughts andlifestyle aredownsegregation in1954,human-rights offenseswere bothlaw andcustomadvantageous\beneficialtothe youngpeopletoform goodvirtue andhabits.in much of America.Before Martin Luther Kingand hismovement,a tiredAsacase inpoint,the oldpeople tendtodoexercise inthe morning,whichand respectableNegro seamstresslike RosaParks couldbe throwninto jailmaydo afavor tohealth.老年人的生活经验可以提高我们对于现代社会的理解、防止走弯路and finedsimplybecauseshe refusedtogiveup herseat onan Alabamabusso awhite mancan sitdown.A six-year-old blackgirl likeEmmett TillcouldThe experience oftheolder canprovide usabetterunderstandingofmodernbe hunteddown andmurdered bya Mississippigang simplybecause hesociety.For instance,the richexperienceoftheoldpeople maypave awaywanted togo tothesameschool aswhite children.For hundreds of years,May afoundationforthe youngpeople,help themavoid\escape fromtheAfrican Americanshad beentired ofthe thatAmerica claimedtobethe leadersamemistake,promote\improve\enhance thework efficiency.ofthefree world*without invitingsmirks ofsegregation uponthe landof

27.People livingin bigcities facemany problemstoday.What aretheitself.Martin LutherKing,however,had notlost hishope;his beliefinproblems Shouldthegovernmentencourage peopleto livein regionalnonviolencenever swerved.From thetime heassumed leadershipof thetowns

08.

02.14Montgomery busboycott,he foretolda futureAmerica wherechildren would问题notbejudged bythe coloroftheirskin butbythecontent oftheir character.Traffic jamsSubsequentmass demonstrationsculminated inthe Marchon WashingtoninPollutionwhich hedelivered hisfamous“I Havea Dream”speech.On thatday,he sawHousingshortage housingprice;real estatepricetomorrow;upon danger,he sawhope.That iswhy hesucceeded.High pressureOverpopulation有未来的地方就有但愿，虽然是在1954年最高法院废除种族隔离之后，High consumptionmost ofincome hasto spendon dailynecessities Be对于人权在法律和习俗方面的攻打仍然充斥在美国的诸多地方在马occupied everydayowning tothe fastdevelopmentofscience and丁路德金和他的运动之前，一种勤快而受人尊敬的女裁缝Rosa Parkstechnology,people haveto receivefurthereducation and on-the-job training被扔进监狱仅仅是由于简朴的她没有在阿拉巴马州的一辆公交车上给乡村生活的好处一种白人让座位；一种6岁的黑人小Y头被一种密西西比流氓枪杀仅Be inclose contactwith nature,livinginpeace andquiet.仅是由于她想要和白人上同样的学校几百年来，美国人已经厌倦了Go withoutthe troubleof pollution,traffic problems这种美国人所宣称的自由世界的伪善然而马丁路德金却没有丧失他Less pressure,slow paceoflife的但愿，他坚信非暴力永远不能扭转局势，从他开始宣布蒙哥马利公车联合抵制，他就预言了一种未来的美国，孩子们将不会被根据肤色都市生活的好处来决定学校紧接着，大量的人在3月的华盛顿云集在那里呢，他刊Medical care登了著名的我有一种梦想的演说，在那一天他看到了明天，在危险之Educational resources上他看到了但愿，这就是他成功之所在.ShoppingThe factthatthe future deservesmore attentionthanthepresent alsostandsTransportationtrue foracountry.During theGreat Depression,ideologues inAmericaJob opportunitybelievedthattheeconomic downturnhad imposedthecountrya eitherchoice:迁移也许导致某些社会问题，例如犯罪if youabandon laissez-faire youare condemnedtoatotal betrayalof

28.“Tomorrow isthemostimportantthinginlife.-US movieactorcapitalism anddemocracy.Franklin DelanoRoosevelt,however,stood firmlydirectorJohn Wayne.Why isit importantfor individualsandcountriesin Americasability toregain controlover itsfuture.His NewDeal swiftlytothink aboutthe futureratherthanfocusing onthepresent

08.

02.16introduced measuresfor socialprotection,regulation andcontrol.His actionssucceededin protectingthe nationfrom majoreconomic crisisfor nearly80years.Modern lifeincreases peoplespressure,including employment,attending未来比目前愈加重要对于一种国家来说同样是事实在大萧条时期，schoolsandsurvival problems.美国的理论家认为这种经济的低迷时期给了美国另一种选择:假如你放人们为了适应竞争，需要不停接受教育和培训to adaptto competition,弃自由主义，你将会被宣布为一种彻底背叛资本主义和民主主义的人people havetoreceiveeducationandon-the-job training.然而，富兰克林，却坚决的站在这样的立场上一美国有能力重新获得人与人之间的亲情友谊感减弱是现代社会的一种趋势the alienation控制未来的能力他的新政迅速地为社会保护、调整和控制提供了措between peopleisanirreversible trend施，他的行为成功的保护了一种国家在长达80年的时间里免受巨大经现代社会人愈加关注自身的发展people tendtopaymoreattentiontotheir济危机的侵袭self-development.影响Had theprejudice ofhundredsofyears disbelievedMartinLutherKing ofa好的影响提高了生活水平living standard和个人的素质personal quality；free world,he woulddie invain.Had thefailure ofcapitalism blinded增进了社会的发展contribute tothedevelopmentofthesocietyAmerica fromlooking forward,no changeswouldbemade tobetter its坏的影响人们之间的感情变淡，冷漠indifference,也许会感觉孤单，administration.All inall,thefuturealways weighsheavier thanthepresent.无助helpless；影响家庭的稳定stabilityofthe family；家庭和个人是社会假如马丁路德金有关自由世界的梦想在儿百年来被怀疑，他的死将是的细胞the cellofthesociely,假如出现不稳定，会影响社会的发展没有价值的假如资本主义的失败蒙住了美国人向前方看去的视野，

32.Some peoplebelievethatthe fittestand strongestindividualsand它的行政将不会有任何的转机总之，未来永远比目前愈加重要teams alwayssuccess in sports.Others thinkthat successinsports

29.People shouldlook aftertheirhealthasaduty tothesocietythey livedependson mental attitudes.Discuss bothviews andgiveyouropinions.in ratherthan personalbenefits.To whatextentdoyouagreeordisagree

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05.

3108.

03.13支持心态mental attitude更重要的观点同

22、

26、28考察的主线点是好的心态可以让运动员可以接受恶劣的条件accept theagonizing**公民健康和政府以及社会的关系conditions,坦然面对逆境stay calmintheface ofadversity,克服障碍公民的健康状况直接关系到学习和工作的效率，从而决定整个社会的overcome obstacles,影响着他们的体现dictate theirperformance,让他们发展进度The health condition ofthe citizenshas adirect relationshipwith在压力下也能保持注意力集中和全力以赴their persistenceand theirthelearning andworking efficiency,thereby decidesthe progressingrate ofabilityto focusunder pressurethe whole society.好的心态会让运动员去设想他们成功的体现visualize theirwinning良好的社会健康状况可以让政府减少对于公共医疗事业的投资，从而performance,激发他们的斗志stimulate theircompetitive spirit,运动员自把更多的精力放在某些关键项目上，例如教育和公共交通A high-quality己觉得自己可以赢Capablewin；反之，假如没有好的心态，运动员healthconditionmay decreasethe governmentsinvestment onmedicalcare;对自己的期望就有局限limit expectations,一种斗志昂扬的运动员attherefore thegovernment canattract moreattention frommedical expensetohis/her mentalpeak可以发挥到自己的最佳状态perform athis/her besteducationandpublictransportation.认真关注国民的健康状况是政府的一假如两个具有同等天赋的运动员放在一起，意志坚强的总能在大部分大职责只有提高公民的整体健康状况才能树立政府的良好形象Being时候胜出If twoequally talentedprofessional athletesare puttogether,thethe criticalobligation ofthegovernment,only improvesthe wholehealthymentally strongerofthetwo willwin mostofthetime.condition ofthe nationcan theauthorities buildupagood image.在专业体育中，大部分的运动员身体状态都是杰出的，真正导致不一

30.Some peoplethink itistheresponsibility forgovernment toensure样的是他们的心理忍受能力In professionalsports,a majorityof athletesthatpeople havehealthy lifestyles.Others thinkpeople shouldbe freeforare atthesamephysical excellence,so whatseparates themfrom eachother istheirown lifestylesdecisions.Discuss bothviewsandgiveyourownmental capacity.opinion.

08.

03.29反对心态mentalattitude更重要的观点

31.Many peopleare busywith workanddonot haveenough timeto过度强调心态让运动员高估自己overrate his/her owncapabilities,只会spend withfamilies andfriends.Why doesthis happenWhat arethe在失败后愈加沮丧feel astronger senseof frustration体育运动是以身体effects tothewholefamily andsociety和团体为基础的，心态只是一种辅助原因“许多人忙于工作，没有太多的时间用来陪伴家人和朋友，为何会产

33.In modernsociety,fashion isbecoming moreandmorepopular in生这样的状况？这种状况对于家庭生活和整个社会的影响是什么？”peoples choiceof clothes.Why Do youthink itisapositivedevelopment这道题就很好的体现此类考题的一种考点人们生活方式的变化对于ornegativedevelopment

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11.08社会和家人的影响这种变化不仅体目前工作和生活的调整和冲突上，人们追求时装的原因并且体目前生活的各个方面，衣一人们对现代服饰的规定不仅仅是遮经济发展的产物收入增长，让人们可以购置不一样的衣服expand the体和保暖，而是愈加重视社会原因，例如时尚，我们的最终一种考题rangeofclothes worn考察的就是这个点食一伴随全球化的进程，快餐的流行已经不再新目前的人们越来越个人化individualistic,时装是一种体现自我的方式a鲜，各国特色的美食随地可见，进口食品也成为最大的时尚formofself-expression,可以展现人的性格、心情和审美观personality,原因mood andaesthetic appreciation现代生活让人们压力增大，就业的压力、升学的压力、生存的压力等全球化的产物全球化增进了多种文化的融合mixture ofdifferent

38.Some peoplethink museumsshouldbeenjoyable placesto attractandcultures,时装设计师可以从不一样文化中获得灵感draw uptheentertain youngpeople.But othersthinkthepurpose ofmuseums istoinspiration fromdifferent costumes,人们接触不一样文化的机会增长educate,not toentertain.Discuss bothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.exposuretodifferent cultures,因此他们接受时装就愈加大胆become

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04.30bold fashionwearers支持追求时尚的观点应当具有娱乐性的原因发明新的经济增长点和就业机会Stimulate consumption.Make适应社会的发展需要，吸引更多的年轻人be beneficial/advantageous tocontributiontothedevelopmentofeconomy喻乐于教，instill enjoymentinto education可以激发年轻人的爱好新时代的时尚fashion inthenewera不一定意味着高消费，也并非一定spark/lrigger interests,生动的形式愈加有助于年轻人对知识的记忆和理穿着某种款式的衣服，充足考虑了消费者的需求consider theconsumer解vivid wayscan benefitthe comprehensiondemandfully,不象人们想的那样肤浅notassuperficial assomepeople假如博物馆具有了娱乐性，可以成为年轻人的娱乐放松场所，来释放think压力If themuseum wasenjoyable,it couldbeanew entertainmenttorelease时装是自我体现的一种体现a meansofself-expression,体现人的性格和pressure.喜好reflect onespersonality orlikes让人们在生活中体验不一样的角色让博物馆愈加多样化diversified,适应市场需要allow peopleto tryon manyroles inlife,同步使得世界愈加多样化make应当具有教育性的原因world diversified大多数博物馆的气氛都是庄严严厉的，娱乐性也许会破坏原有的文化反对追求时尚的观点年轻人也许会忽视教育和知识自身，只关注娱乐youngpeople could时尚变化太快，盲目追求时尚也许导致过度消费follow fashionblindly/neglect theknowledgeandonlyfocustheir attentionon entertainment.娱乐slavishly/Sequaciously maycause excessiveconsumption,从而导致挥霍，性也许让博物馆变得商业化，从而导致恶性的竞争.成为购物狂shopaholic或者fashion victims,忽视质量neglect thequality等

39.A hundredyears ago,peoplethinkthat humanrace issteadily失去自己的判断和喜好dwell toomuch onwhat othersthinkimproving inevery areaoflife.Now itseems thisisnotcertain inthat鼓励人们将衣服和地位、社会阶层尚有财富联络在一起associate clothingsituation.In which areas doyouthink wehavemade importantprogresswith status,social classand wealth,导致歧视nowadays Inwhich areasdoyouthinkwestill needtomakeprogress也许导致产业内的恶性竞争deteriorate competition

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05.

2134.Some peoplebelievethatimprove publichealth shouldincreasethe科技、教育进步很大numberofsports facilities;othersbelievethatithas littleeffects and科技网络、媒体化、数字化、自动化、生产效率提高……教育教need othermeasures toimprove it.Discuss bothviewsandgiveyour育方式多样化远程教育、教育途径和受教育的机会增长出国留学，opinion.

09.

02.28扩招

35.Some peoplethink musicplays animportant rolein society.Others仍然需要改善的think itis simplyaformof entertainment.Discuss bothsides ofthis医疗产生了诸多新的流行疾病epidemic diseases,但却没有良好的对应argument andgiveyourownopinion.

09.

03.07措施counter measures；对于某些落后地区undeveloped areas,医疗条件很

36.Some peoplethinkitismoreimportanttospend publicmoney on差；医疗设备不够先进advanced,医疗资源不充足medical resourceispromoting healthylifestyle inorder toprevent illnessthantospend itoninadequatethe treatmentfor peoplewho arealready ill.Towhatextentdoyouagree环境新型的污染物、科技发展的同步产生了不可处理的环境问题ordisagree

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03.

2140.Professional workerse.g.,nurses,doctors andteachers shouldbe

37.Nowadays,people liveinthesociety whereconsumergoodsarepaid morethansportsandentertainmentpersonalities.Do youagree orcheaperto buy.Doyouthink itsadvantages outweighdisadvantagesdisagree

09.

11.

1409.

04.04Sports stars,film starsand musiciansare widelyknown ashigh-income好处earners inmany societies.One issuethat hassurvived inpast decadesis为消费者带来了更大的实惠和利益bring morebenefitstotheconsumers,whether thesepeople deservewhat theyare earning,compared tothosein particularforthelow-income groups,J亡其对于彳氐消费人群working in other professions,suchasnursing,medicalcareand teaching.增进消费promote consumption,尤其in particular/parlicularly是在经济There arearguments thatmake itimpossible togive anyconclusive remark低迷的时候economy depression/recession aboutthis issue.也许为商家带来更多的利润bring moreprofits tothe sellersThe factthat entertainmentand sportsare industriesoffering better-paid从实质上缩小了贫富差距reduce/narrow thegapbetweenpoor andrich jobsfinds itsanswers insome socialtrends.These industriesare expandingessentiallyrapidly froman economicperspective,becauseoftheir growingimportance害处inpeoplesleisure life.People watchtelevision operas,gotothe cinemaand低价的原因也许是减少成本或者数量，从而商品的质量得不到保障，have theirfavorite sportsplayers.The economicvalue ofsportsmen and或者过时out offashionmovie starsis matchless.Their personalcharm isa powerfulweapon for会影响品牌的市场定位和价值advertisers tostimulate thesales ofgiven productsand services.There isno也许会导致商家的恶性竞争denying thatthose inother professionscan hardlyperform asimilar task.While itis evidentthat thesehigh-pro1salaries arejustified,itisalso truethattheir incomeis toooften excessivelyhigh.People areguided tothink thatfamousstars makemulti-million dollarssimply byhavingabrief appearanceona TVcommercial,while nursesandteachersstruggle withmoresatisfactory incomesby devotingmuchoftheir dailylife totheir careers.Thiscan beharmfultothe fabricof society.Young peopledaydream aboutthe daywhenthey riseto prominenceovernight,ratherthanfocusingonthedevelopment ofspecializations,suchasnursing,whicharemore realisticobjectives.With allthese factstaken intoaccount,we mightfinditdifficult tojustifythe incomeofpeopleinoneindustry byciting standardsinotherindustries.Reputed athletesand distinguishedactors andactresses havederived morewealthfrom theircareers thanpeoplefromindustries,a factrevealing theirprominentroleinadvertising.However,the negativeimpactofthistrend,especially theimpactonthe youngergeneration,is worrying.

三、科技共题，占10H.7%科技类考题的考点重要集中在科技发展对生活的影响和人们生活方式的变化上积极影响电脑和自动化automation设备equipment使得生产效率更高theproduction efficiencyis enhancedgreatly bythe popularityofcomputerization andautomation equipment增进了经济发展和推进了社会的进步给人们的平常生活带来极大的便利，提高了人们的生活水平…couldbring greatconvenience toourdailylivesandpromote thestandard ofliving.通过网络可以做诸多事情•，例如购物和处理个人财务，不用挥霍时间在交通上People cando numerousof affairsvia\by\through network/Internet,asacaseinpoint,shopping anddealingwiththefinancialaffairs.Namely,peoplecouldspend lesstimeoncommuting.联络以便easy contact获得信息愈加轻易the scienceandtechnologymakeiteasier toobtaininformation.负面效应由于竞争剧烈，人们需要接受职业培训和教育.伴随生活节奏加紧，压力增大，和家人朋友相聚的时间减少Because ofthe fiercecompetition,people havetoreceiveon-the-job trainingand furthereducation.Along withthefastpaceofmodernlifeandthe increaseofpressure,itishard forthe masstotake familyreunion.网络交流让人们不乐意外出inactive\immobile lifestyle在家宅着，和外界的联络减少，性格变得孤僻Internet communicationmake alargeamount\tremendous ofpeople livean inactivelife keepa...lifestyle.Owning to\By reasonofthedecrease ofoutside touch\connection,theirpersonalities maybecome isolated\solitary人们在享有着网络娱乐和其他媒体所带来的娱乐时轻易忽视和家人的交流Along withthe leisureliveshave beenenriched whichbrought bytheInternetamusement\entertainmentand othermedia,peoplearetendingtoneglect\overlook thecommunicationswith familymembers.生产效率提高，工业化程度的加强，导致劳动力的需求减少，许多企业不得不裁员Along withthe enhancement\boost\elevation\improvementof efficiencyandthereinforcement ofindustrialization,the requirementoflabor forceis decreasing,thereby manycorporations havetoreducethe staff.。