2019年英语新必修五讲义Unit1SectionⅢGrammar—_过去分词作定语和表语

课前自主领梧KEQIANZIZHULINGWU」!!过去分词作定语和表语Section7Grammar—语法图解/

1.过去分词作定语时的位置作过定A

2.过去分词作定语时的意义去语

33.过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别分过去分词、现在分词的被动语态与动词不定式的被动语态作定语的区别词作

1.过去分词作表语置于连系动词后，构成系表结构定

2.过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别语

3.感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的不同和表探究发现语

①But hebecame inspiredwhen hethought abouthelping ordinarypeople exposedto cholera.

②So manythousands ofterrified peopledied everytime therewas anoutbreak.3He becameinterested intwo theoriesthat possiblyexplained howcholera killedpeople.

④From thestomach thedisease quicklyattacked thebody and soon theaffected persondied.

⑤He wasdetermined tofind outwhy.

⑥He foundthat itcame fromthe riverpolluted by the dirtywater fromLondon.

⑦He immediatelytold theastonished peoplein BroadStreet toremove thehandle fromthe pumpsothat itcould notbe used.

⑧With thisextra evidenceJohn Snowwas ableto announcewith certaintythat pollutedwatercarried thegerms.［我的发现］1例句

①②④⑥⑦⑧中的过去分词短语作定量2例句

②④⑦⑧中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的前面;例句

①⑥中过去分词短语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的后面课堂要点精析KETANGYAODIANJINGXI3例句

③⑤中的过去分词在句中作表语o

一、过去分词作定语

1.过去分词作定语时的位置1前置定语一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前The pollutedwater was to blamefor thespread ofcholera.被污染的水造成了霍乱的传播The recoveredanimals willbe releasedsoon.痊愈的动物会很快被释放［名师点津］

①有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如left剩余的，given所给的,concerned有关的等There arefew tigersleft.It istime for the departmentsconcerned totake measuresto protectthemfrom dyingout.剩余的老虎不多了，是相关当局采取措施保护它们免遭灭绝的时候了

②如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等，单个分词放在被修饰词的后面Is thereanything unsolved还有什么没解决的吗？2后置定语过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句Last Tuesdayin amountainous area,there werea totalof173sheep killed almost immediately=which werekilledalmostimmediately whenlightning struck.上周二在一个山区，当雷击发生时有173只羊即刻被雷电击死［即时演练1］1用所给词的适当形式填空

①2017•北京高考改编Jim hasretired,but hestill remembersthe happytime spentspend withhisstudents.

②2016•浙江高考改编To returnto theproblem ofwater pollution,Id likeyou tolook ata studyconductedconduct inAustralia in

2012.

③2015•全国卷II语法填空The adobedwellings土坯房built buildbythePueblo Indiansof theAmericanSouthwest are admired byeven themost modernof architectsand engineers.2同义句转换©He is a teacherloved byhis students.f Heis ateacher whois」oved byhis students.

②The girl,who wasbrought upby heruncle,has begunto worknow.f Thegirl,brought upby heruncle,has begunto worknow.

2.过去分词作定语时的意义1及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成，有时也不表示时间性Trucks andbuses weredriven ongas carriedin largebags onthe roof.表示被动卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气，煤气装在车顶上的大袋中The planput forwardat the meeting willbe carriedout soon.表示被动才口完成会上提出的计划将很快被执行2不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成Our retiredsoccer coachwent towatch usplay agame lastweek.上周我们已退休的足球教练去看我们打了一场比赛The risensun isshining brightlyin themorning.早上已升起的太阳正明亮地闪耀［即时演练2］选择填空过去分词作定语有三种情况A.只表示被动B.只表示完成C.既表示被动又表示完成请判断下列句子中加黑部分属于哪种情况©America is a developedB

②I foundit hardto understandthe EnglishspokenA_3Is thereanything plannedfor theweekend C

3.过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别义语态时态过去分词被动完成现在分词主动进行As weall know,China isa developingcountry.众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家The visitorcame froma developedcountry.这位游客来自于一个发达国家［即时演练3］用分词作定语补全句子©Even thoughit isstill insummer,there aremany fallenleaves onthe ground.尽管仍是夏天，但地上有很多的落叶©Nowadays therearealot ofman-made satellitesflying inspace.如今在太空中有许许多多人造卫星在飞行

4.过去分词done、现在分词的被动语态being done与动词不定式的被动语态to bedone作定语的区别义语态时态done被动完成being done被动进行to bedone被动尚未发生The buildingbuilt last year isour classroombuilding.去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼The buildingbeing builtnow isour classroombuilding.现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼The buildingto bebuilt nextmonth isour classroombuilding.下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼［即时演练4］用所给词的适当形式填空

①The carsbeing soldsell at the marketnow aremade inGuangzhou.

②Tsinghua University,founded foundin1911,is hometo a great numberof outstandingfigures.

③There arestill manyproblems to be solvedsolve beforewe areready fora longstay ontheMoon.

二、过去分词作表语

5.过去分词作表语的用法过去分词可放在连系动词be,get,feel,remain,seem,look,become等之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态He lookedworried afterreading theletter.看完信后，他显得很忧虑When weheard ofit,we weredeeply moved.当我们听到这件事时，被深深地感动了［即时演练5］1用所给词的适当形式填空

①2016•浙江高考改编一Are yousure youreready forthe test——No problem.Im wellprepared preparefor it.

②We gota littlesunbumed/sunbumt sunburn,but theday hadbeen sorelaxing thatwe didntmind.

③While waitingfortheopportunity toget promotedpromote,Henry didhis bestto performhisduty.2补全句子

①Why doyou alwayslook tired你为什么总是看上去很疲劳？

②I wasdisappointed atthe filmI sawlast night.I hadexpected ittobebetter.我对昨晚看的电影很失望我原以为它能好些

6.过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作The cupis broken.杯子破了（系表结构）The cupwas brokenby Tom.杯子是汤姆打破的（被动语态）[即时演练6]对比翻译

①这本书写得很好The bookis wellwritten.

②这本书是他去年写的The bookwas writtenby himlastyear.

7.感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉人的声音或表情等常用的这类词有exciting令人激动的astonishing令人惊讶的excited激动的；兴奋的astonished惊讶的discouraging令人沮丧的surprising令人吃惊的discouraged感到沮丧的surprised感到吃惊的disappointing令人失望的delighting令人高兴的V disappointed感到失望的delighted高兴的的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、encouraging令人鼓舞的frightening令人害怕的encouraged受到鼓舞的frightened吓坏了的interesting令人感兴趣的moving感人的interested感兴趣的moved受感动的pleasing令人高兴的卜hocking令人震惊的pleased满意的[shocked感到震惊的tiring令人疲劳的^worrying令人担心的tired感到疲劳的[worried感到担心的satisfying令人满意的puzzling令人迷惑的satisfied感到满意的puzzled感到迷惑的We weresurprised atwhat hesaid atthemeeting.我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶His wordswere discouraging,which mademany peoplediscouraged.他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气［即时演练7］用所给词的适当形式填空

①The frightenedlook onher facesuggested thatshe wasfrightened bythe frighteningscene.frighten

②The newswas excitingand theywere allexcited atit.excite3We allfelt encouragedattheencouraging news.encourage

④The audiencewere allmoved totears bythe movingfilm.move cr三二=、「一---------------------------------------------------------------------［,单句语法填空

1.2017-6月浙江高考语法填空Pahlsson andher husbandnow thinkthe ringprobably gotsweptsweep intoa pileof kitchenrubbish.

2.2017-11月浙江高考语法填空Another nicething isthat youlearn bothnew wordsand theiruseunconsciously,meaning thatyou willtend touse thewords learnedlearn thisway inconversationsalmost automatically.

3.2015・d匕京高考改编The parkwas fullof people,enjoying enjoythemselves in the sunshine.

4.2014•浙江高考改编Amie Salmon,disabled,is attendedthroughout herschool daysby anurseappointed appointto guardher.

5.2014•重庆离考改编The producercomes regularlyto collectthe camerasreturned returnto ourshopfor qualityproblems.

6.2014•全国卷II语法填空There weremany peoplewaiting atthe busstop,and someof themlookedvery anxiousand disappointeddisappoint.

7.2014•福建高考改编For thosewith familymembers faraway,the personalcomputer andthephone areimportant instaying connectedconnect.

8.2013•湖南高考改编You cannotaccept anopinion offeredoffer toyou unlessit isbased onfacts.n.单句写作

1.2017・天津高考书面表达1110口1」0/70上2^迎11加1丫0111由©©1\1have toimprove myselfbyreading somebooks aboutTianjin soastoknow moreabout it.为了成为一名合格的志愿者，我不得不阅读一些关于天津的书籍来了解更多的相关信息以提高自己

2..The moralof thestory is:spare noeffort toacquire knowledgeand neverge]discou】agedeasily nomatter howdifficult thesituation maybe.故事的寓意是尽最大努力获取知识，不管情况多么艰难，都不要轻易失去信心

3.If youare interestedin it,let meknow andHl sendyou moreinformation.如果你对此感兴趣，请告知我，我会给你发送更多信息

4.So excitedwas」that Icouldnt waitto trywearing them.我太激动了，迫不及待地想穿上它们

5..We are/feel honouredto haveyou hereinthemiddle ofour EnglishWeek Activities.您能来参加我们的英语周活动，我们深感荣幸

6.With referenceto youtadvertisedposition,I havethe pleasureto saythat Iam thejust personyouare askingfor.关于您做广告的职位，我很高兴地说，我就是那个您要找的人

7..As forthe phenomenonmentioned above,some peoplesupport itwhile othersdo not.关于上文提到的现象，有些人支持，而有些人反对

8.The playersselected fromthe wholecountry areexpected tobring ushonor inthis summergame.人们期待这些选自全国的运动员在夏季比赛中能给我们带来荣耀III.语法填空A mottoisasentence ora phrase]can inspireus especiallywhen weare2face withdifficulties.Many ofus havemottoes,such asWhere there isawill,thereisa way.or Nothingis difficultif youputyour heartinto it.andsoon.My mottois“God helpsthose whohelp3_Sometimes Iam lazyanddon*t wantto makeefforts4work hard,§the momentI thinkof my motto Iwill getenergetic againanddevote myself6what Iam doing.I writemy motto7I cansee iteasily.Every timeI failin myexam andbeginto loseheart,mymottoinspires mewith much8confident.My mottoalso makesme become9independent person.That isto say,I wontrely onothers easily.My friends,what isyour mottoIf youstillhavent gota motto,please chooseone becausea mottocan haveagreateffect10you.答案:。