完整word英语四级翻译策略及高频词分类汇总-文档

四级考试中，翻译所占分值比例为15%考试时间30分钟翻译题型为段落汉译英四级长度为140T60个汉字翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等翻译评分标准

1.本题满分为15分，成绩分为六个档次13T5分、10-12分、评分标准7~9分、4~6分、1~3分和分各档次的评分标准见下表档次译文准确表达了原文的意思用词贴切，行文流畅，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别13-15分小错译文基本上表达了原文的意思文字通顺、连贯，无重大语言错误10-12分译文勉强表达了原文的意思用词欠准确，语言错误相当多，其中有些是严重语言7~9分错误译文仅表达了一小部分原文的意思用词不准确，有相当多的严重语言错误4-6分译文支离破碎除个别词语或句子，绝大部分文字没有表达原文意思1_3分未作答，或只有几个孤立的词，或译文与原文毫不相关0分翻译策略

2.）翻译前正确理解文章的意思，并找出每一句话的关键词，围绕关键词逐句攻破段落翻译,关键词一1般由两个词或词组组成；巧用常用句型及固定表达，分析上下句之间的逻辑关系，加一些连接词，英文的译文会更漂亮；翻译完后回头通读一遍，查漏补缺，确保翻译句法结构完整通顺，避免明显的单词及语法的错误另外，平时大家要有意识的积累和背诵一些和中国节日、历史事件、经济和社会发展相关的词汇，关注以反映中国社会为主的一些英文杂志和网站，例如中国日报长城Great Wall外滩the Bund华山Huashan Mountain黄山Yellow Mountain滇池Dianchi Lake洱海Erhai lake孔庙Temple ofConfucius故居Former Residence庐山Lushan Mountain少林寺Shaolin Temple长江三峡Three Gorgesalong theChangjiang黄果树瀑布Huangguoshu Waterfalls敦煌莫高窟Dunhuang MogaoGrottoes大兴安岭Greater Xingan Mountains小兴安岭Lesser Xingan Mountains天池Heaven sPool布达拉宫Potala Palace日月潭Lake SunMoon发源地the birthplace煮poach/boiled蒸steamed火锅chafing dish煲；炖；炳stewed煎pan-fried炒stir-fried炸deep-fried烘baked熏smoked泡辣菜pickled hotvegetables北京烤鸭roast Beijingduck炒饭stir-fried rice油条deep friedtwisted doughstick饺子jiaozi汤圆tangyuan馄饨hundun烧麦shaomai月饼moon cake烧饼sesame seedcake小笼包steamed dumplingwith pork红茶black tea绿茶green tea花茶jasmine tea茶道sado/tea ceremony功夫茶Gongfu tea陈酒old wine/aged wine烧酒arrack翻译高频词

3.常用单词表示主要的，重要的词primary,major,main,chief,important,essential,significant表示充足的enough,sufficient,plenty,abundant表示适当的appropriate表示提升，改善，加强enhance,improve,strengthen表示合法valid,legal,lawful,rightful表示卓越不凡extraordinary,excellent,uncommon,remarkable,outstanding表示很有名气well-known,noticeable,famous表示义务，有责任去做compulsory,required,obligatory表示积极，主动positive,proactive表示合理sound,rational,correct,sensible,logical,reasonable表示英勇brave,bold,valiant,heroic,courageous,fearless表示巨大huge,large,giant,vast,enormous表示牢固稳定sturdy,strong,firm,tough,stable,hardy表示声誉reputation,fame,prestige表示巅峰、顶点tip,top,peak,apex,zenith,climax表示发现、探索discover,seek,search表示增加increase,enlarge,multiply,expand,raise,accelerate,broaden,magnify表示减少reduce,decrease,decelerate,lessen,debase,abate,diminish,decline,discount,subtract,deduct表示转变convert,change,transform,switch表示提供、提交offer,supply,provide,furnish,contribute,submit表示构成、组成constitute,consist,organize,form,erect,establish,compose,comprise加快人才培养accelerate thetraining ofprofessionals与……建立关系establish relationshipwith在……取得进步make progressin表示有用，有益helpful,useful,utile,beneficial发挥……的作用play central,crucial,decisive,essential,fundamental,important,key,leading,major,primary,prominent,significant,vital rolein常用表达共赢all-win力口强合作与交流strengthen cooperationand exchanges扩大内需expand domesticdemand面对挑战face challenge越来越大的市场ever-expanding market提升竞争能力strengthen thecompetitiveness主办奥运会host theOlympic Games具有中国特色with Chinesecharacteristics抓住时机seize theright opportunities占百分之10%account for10%达到10%reach10%增长/降低百分之10%increase/decrease by10%高速增长develop ata highspeed保护环境protect theenvironment改善环境质量improve environmentalquality防止空气污染prevent airpollution重视环境保护attach moreimportance toenvironmental protection对.......有重大影响have greatinfluence on旅游业随时代进步而不断发展tourism hasbeen developingall alongwith theprogressof thetimes.和.......展开合作develop cooperationwith中国是一个历史悠久的文明古国，也是一个充满生机的东方大国as acountry witha longcivilized history,China isalso onebig orientalcountryfull ofmodern vitality.在.......取得丰硕的成果fruitful resultshave beenachieved in提高生活水平improve living standards造成/防止/应对污染cause/prevent/tackle pollution节日篇元旦New Year，s Day情人节Valentine，s Day国际妇女节International Women，Day植树节Tree PlantingDay愚人节April Fools，Day国际劳动日International LaborDay中国青年节Chinese YouthDay国际儿童节International Children，s Day中国共产党成立纪念日Anniversary of the Foundingof theCommunist Partyof China中国人民解放军建军节Army Day中华人民共和国国庆节National Day中国教师节Teachers Day万圣节Halloween母亲节Mothers Day农历正月初一春节the Spring Festival农历正月十五元宵节Lantern Festiva]农历五月初五端午节the Dragon-Boat Festival农历七月初七乞巧节中国情人节Double-Seventh Day农历八月十五中秋节the Mid-Autumn Festival农历九月初九重阳节the DoubleNinth Festival农历腊月初八腊八节八he labaRice PorridgeFestival春联SpringFestivalcouplets年画New Yearpictures剪纸paper-cuts除夕the eveof thelunar New Year守岁stay uplate onthe NewYear sEve放爆竹let offfirecrackers拜年pay aNewYearvisit团圆饭family reuniondinner敬酒propose atoast红包red packetscash wrappedup inred paper舞狮lion dance舞龙dragon dance灯笼lantern灯谜riddles writtenon lanterns灯会exhibit oflanterns禁忌taboo压岁钱gift money;money givento childrenas alunar newyear gift祭祖宗offer sacrificesto one s ancestors元宵rice dumpling踩高跷stilt walking扭秧歌yangge dance扫墓sweep gravesof ones ancestorsor lovedones赛龙舟dragon-boat racing粽子zongzi stickyrice dumplingwrapped inreed orbamboo leaves月饼moon cake赏月appreciate theglorious fullmoon赏菊admire thebeauty ofchrysanthemum登高climb mountain社会篇小康社会a well-to-do society人民生活people s livelihood生活水平livingstandards生活质量quality oflife住房条件housing conditions文化程度educational level就业率employment rate人均收入average incomeper capita年平均工资average annualpay奖金bonus生活费用cost ofliving消费价格指数consumer priceindex环境污染指数environment pollutionindex衣食住行food,clothing,sheltering andmeans oftraveling购买力purchasing power贫困家庭the needyfamily贫困地区poverty-stricken region下岗be laidoff小康relative affluence安居乐业live agood life共同富裕shared prosperity社会保险social insurance助学金grant-in-aid赈灾救济金disaster relieffunds人口population人口分布population distribution流动人口transient population城市人口urban population农业人口agriculture population出生率birth rate自然增长率natural growth rate负增长率negative growthrate普查census户口册household register计戈性育family planning/planned parenthood优生优育ensure goodprenatal andpostnatal care自治区autonomous region民族ethnic groups少数民族ethnic minorities/minority peoples中国共产党Communist Partyof China历史地理篇孔子Confucius孟子Mencius老子Lao Zi儒学Confucian School论语Analects ofConfucius发明纸和瓷器invented paperand porcelain发明火药invention ofgunpowder发明印刷术block printingwas invented科举制Imperial Examinationfor recruitingcivil servants丝绸之路Silk Route长征Long March解放战争War ofLiberation改革开放reform andopening up黄河Yellow River长江Yangtze River珠江Pearl River太湖Lake Tai鄱阳湖Lake Poyang洞庭湖Lake Dongting青藏高原Tibet Plateau东北平原Northeast ChinaPlain华北平原North ChinaPlain长江中下游平原Plain ofMiddle andLower Reachesof ChangjiangRiver南沙群岛Nansha Island经济篇宏观经济macro economy社会主义市场经济socialist marketeconomy知识经济knowledge economy网络经济Internet-based economy经济规律law ofeconomy大规模生产mass production生产力productive forces生产关系relations ofproduction公有制public ownership私有制private ownership国有企业state-owned enterprisesSOEs私营企业private business民营企业privately-run business中小企业small andmedium enterprisesSMEs连锁企业franchise/chain business国民生产总值Gross NationalProduct GNP国内生产总值Gross DomesticProduct GDP实际增长率growthratein realterms年均增长率average growthrate perannum可持续增长sustainable growth经济效益economic returns投资回报率rate ofreturn oninvestment衰退recession宏观调控macro control提高经济效益enhance economicperformance扭亏为盈turn aloss-making businessinto aprofitable one优化经济结构optimize economicstructure扩大内需expand domesticdemand国计民生national interestand peopleslivelihood经济特区special economiczones“十二五规划the12th Five-Year Planfor Nationaland Economicand SocialDevelopment风险投资venture investment经济繁荣economic boom发达国家developed countries不发达国家underdeveloped countries发展中国家developing countries经济交流economic exchange跨国公司multinational corporation利用夕卜资utilization offoreign capital知识产权intellectual propertyrights版权copyright专利patent商标trademark互通有无mutual exchangeof neededproducts法治rule oflaw平等互利equality andmutual benefit电子商务e-business信用卡credit card信息时代information age科教兴国rejuvenate thecountry throughscience andeducation研究开发research anddevelopment高新技术innovative andhigh technology仓ij新innovation尖端科技state-of-the-art technology普及率popularizing rate交通篇航班号flight number头等舱first class商务舱business class经济舱economy class登机牌boarding card口岸customs port客船passenger liner慢车stopping train普快express直快through express直达列车through train特快special express高速火车high-speed train卧铺车厢sleeping coach中铺middle berth下铺lower berth出发站departure station中转站transfer station终点站terminus到达站destination站台platform地铁subway加速speed up减速slow down超车overtaking倒车backing刹车brake高速公路highway十字路crossroads酒后驾驶driving underthe influenceof alcohol疲劳驾驶fatigue driving教育篇素质教育education forall-round development应试教育exam-oriented educationsystem义务教育compulsory education初等教育elementary education中等教育secondary education高等教育higher education职业教育vocational education学院college/institute/school普通高校regular institutionof higherlearning重点大学key university211工程211Project减轻学生负担reduce burdenfor students基石出课basic course专业课course withinonesmajor必修课required course选修课elective course学分制credit system入学考试entrance examination入学资格admission qualification择优录取merit-based enrollment中考middle examination高考higher examination报名appli cation/sign up毕业设计diploma-winning design/graduation project毕业论文graduation thesis毕业证书graduation certificate同学schoolmate/classmate校友alumni文化篇京居U Pekingopera昆曲Kunqu oper中国画traditional Chinesepainting人物portrait山水landscape花鸟flower andbird草虫grass andinsect泼墨paint-splashing style写意impressionistic style工笔elaborate style毛笔writing brush书法calligraphic art书法家calligraphic artist楷体formal script/regular script行书running script宋体Song-dynasty script工艺品handwork/handicrafts手工艺品articles ofhandcraft art文物cultural relics/antiques国宝national treasure人民大会堂Great HallofthePeople故宫博物馆Imperial PalaceMuseum。