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北京市朝阳区届高三英语上学期期末质量检测试题（含解析）2021（考试时间90分钟满分100分）第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题
1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑An UnexpectedGiftTwelveyearold Mathew Flores isdifferent fromother kids.He lovesjunk（垃圾）mail,andthese advertisementswere theonly readingmaterials]to him.Once heasked hismailman if hecould offerhim some.The question2the mailman.He askedthe boythe reason,and thenrecorded his3in his Facebook.uToday whiledelivering mail,I sawa boyreading ads,and heasked mefor extramail.Actuallyhe wantsto go to thelibrary,but his family is very poor and cant4the bus.”The mailmanthen askedhisFacebookfriends ifthey could5some booksfor the boy.He wrote,“Most kidswant electronicproducts!But what he wantsis books.It sgreat tosee hisrare6and youmay haveseen himsmile whenI saidI couldhelp him!”“He iscounting onme,“heconcluded.So I am countingon you!”The mailmanthought theFacebook postmight750to60books.But his8was passedon quickly.People from around theworld,including theUK,Australia andIndia,have sentbooks.Hundreds ofbooks have been delivered to the boy s door,with hundredsmore9on theirway.When booksfirst startedarriving,Flores wasshocked bywhat happened.I thoughtthey were10,but theyindeed werefor me.He saysthat hecan twaitto share the bookswith otherkids,and haspromised toread everyone.
1.A.natural B.available C.mon D.familiar
2.A.frightened B.disappointed C.surprised D.amusedHe was a bigboy,who wasoften bulliedfor hissize.One dayhis neighborhad a go at him,andfor the first time Watson realized that he could use his weightand sizeinstead offeeling awkwardabout it.It was a turningpoint.At college,he dida degreein municationstudies.Meanwhile,he waslearning theropes ofprofessionalwrestling.His parentsdid notobject to his learningto wrestle.They werejustreally insistentthat hefinished college.I ampretty surethat theythought Id gethurt andquit,but Ididn t,he said.Watson insistedon thetraining andenjoyed everygame.Once hesaidto his fans,“The processof thegames isthe mostenjoyable thingfor me.It sgood tohave a lot of cheersduring thegames.They encourageme todo it better.”Some fans asked himwhat hethought of wrestling,for theywanted to know ifhe had to bea good actorto beea good wrestler.Watson gavea definiteanswer.“I usedto really dislike the acting label,“he said.“But it isacting.When it s reallygood,when youre feelingit andletting thatreal emotionfly,it escloser to being real.”Now Watsonhas retiredand devotedthe time to hisfamily andbooks一his nextnovel is aboutboy wrestlers living on the same block.He doesnot thinkthis lifeis so different from wrestling.Wrestling is all aboutcharacters,“he says.So whenmy fanshear I ve writtena novel,Idon tget thesense that they feelIveabandoned them.”
24.According toParagraph2,what wasthe turningpoint forWatsonA.He becameannoyed athis weightand size.B.He decidedto beean athleticsdirector.C.He dreamedto e from awrestling family.D.He beganto fightback atthose whohurt him.
25.How doesWatson regardthe ideathat wrestlingis like actingA.He hasetoaccept it.B.He doesnt like the suggestion.C.He believesgood actorsefromwrestlers.D.He doesnt thinkwrestling canpare toacting.
26.Watson spresent lifeis notso differentfrom hispast professionbecauseA.his books are all about hispast professionB.his workis stillconnected withcharactersC.hisfansstill followhis careerwith interestD.hisfamilygives himthe samesupport asbefore【答案】
24.D
25.A
26.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了Pete Watson从一个摔跤手成为了一名作家，详细介绍了Watson的个人经历以及他对摔跤的看法【24题详解】细节理解题根据第二段中“He was a bigboy,who wasoften bulliedfor hissize.One dayhisneighbor hadagoathim,and for the firsttimeWatsonrealizedthathecouldusehisweightand sizeinstead offeeling awkwardaboutit.It wasa turningpoint.（他是个大男孩，经常因为块头大而被欺负一天，他的邻居攻击了他，这是沃森第一次意识到他可以利用自己的体重和体型，而不是感到尴尬这是一个转折点）”可知，Watson的转折点是他开始反击那些伤害他的人故选D【25题详解】细节理解题根据倒数第二段“Some fansasked himwhathethought ofwrestling,for theywantedto knowifhehadto be a good actorto beea.goodwrestler.Watson gavea definiteanswer.Iused toreallydisliketheactinglabel,“he said.But it is acting.When its reallygood,when youre feelingit andletting thatreal emotionfly,it escloser tobeing real.（一些粉丝问他对摔跤有什么看法，他们想知道他是否必须成为一个优秀的演员才能成为一个优秀的摔跤手Watson给了一个明确的回答，他说“我以前真的不喜欢表演这个标签，但这是演戏当它真的很棒时，当你真正感受到它并放飞真实的情感时，它就更接近真实了“）可知，Watson己经开始接受摔跤就像表演的观点故选A【26题详解】细节理解题根据最后一段中“Now Watsonhas retiredand devotedthe timetohisfamily andbooks一his nextnovel is about boywrestlersliving on the sameblock.He doesnot thinkthis lifeissodifferentfromwrestling.Wrestling isallaboutcharacters,v hesays.（现在Watson已经退休了，把时间都花在了家庭和书籍上他的下一部小说是关于住在同一街区的男孩摔跤手的他不认为这种生活和摔跤有什么不同他说道“摔跤就是关于角色“）”可知，Watson现在的生活与他过去的职业并没有太大的不同，因为他的工作仍然与角色有关故选BCPhoto Research“If youwant tobe abetter photographer,stand in front ofbetter stuff.”PhotographerJim Richardsonshared itwith others.He spendsa greatdeal oftime doingphoto research,lookingfor greatlocations toshoot.Seeing a wonderful placeis breadandbutterphotography一itsjust part of thejob.Gettingthere isonly halfof anygreat photographJs story.The otherhalf ishow thephotographer preparestocapture the subject once infront of it.It isbelieved thatgroundwork is partofphotography,as essentialas knowingexposure andlighting orrecognizing thedecisive momentto takethe shot.Research soundslikeaboring taskfor manyphotographers,while forothers digginginto asubjectin advance ispartof thepleasure.Philosophically,photographers seemto dividealong thatline.On oneside arethose whodesire only tobe in the moment.On theother side are the planners.They wouldnever dreamofgoing out the door without a full listof how they regoing toapproach theshoot.Actually,there isa thirdgroup nowadays.They justtake photos of the whole scene and do all the creativework inPhotoshop afterthe event.Most photographersdo both:research carefullyto preparetheirschedule and then actin themoment onceon site.Photographers shoulddo alot ofresearch inorder to get readyfor a photographic trip.This includescreating a file foreach location they aredue to visit.They startafile for eachplace and beginto make a listof thepieces of information.Knowing what the place looks likein advance isinvaluable,so it is good to hitseveral Internetphoto sites.Besides clueingtheminto the photographic possibilities of the location,this canalso showwhat angleshave alreadybeeoverused andwhich theyshould thereforeavoid.But photographerswill alsofind angles theydidn texpect fromlocations theyhadn,t imagined.Armed with these they will be better preparedtopush theboundaries ofwhat theyexpect.“Above all,I11look forplaces andevents thatare seasonaland timeless.I openmy mindto whatmight makea greatsubject for a picture,“Jim said.Most travelerstend to think only of places they re visiting,without lookingdeeper intoculture,history ormeaning.I try to getin timewith therhythm of the placeand in tune with its melody.But mostof all I just want tobe ready.If Vm ready,I canjust aboutcount onbeing lucky.”
27.What does the underlinedword“capture”in Paragraph2probably meanA.Identify.B.Record.C.Arrange.D.Explore.
28.What pointdoesthe author makeabout photographersin Paragraph3A.They areunable todecide onthe bestplan ofaction.B.It ispossible for them toadopt flexibleways ofworking.C.The thirdgroup is not asimaginative assome of the others.D.Some of them refuseto tryto understand the wayothers work.
29.What isthe mainidea ofParagraph4A.Sound preparationisamust fora satisfactoryphoto.B.One shouldcreate photo sites inaphotographictrip.C.Taking photosrequires vividimagination in advance.D.It isessential todo photoresearch incentral locations.
30.In the last paragraph,Jim statesthat.A.he feelsgoodtovisit thosehistorical placesB.he refusesto spendtoo muchtime inone placeC.he iscareful aboutchoosing theright placeto visitD.he likesto goto placesthat fewpeople bothertovisit【答案】
27.B
28.B
29.A
30.C【解析】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了摄影师的工作特点，以及摄影师在正式进行拍摄前需要进行大量的研究工作，寻找拍摄的好地点对许多摄影师来说，研究听起来是一项枯燥的任务,而对其他人来说，提前深入研究一个主题则是乐趣的一部分[27题详解】词义猜测题根据画线词上文“howthephotographer preparesto”（摄影师如何准备）以及后文“thesubjectonceinfrontofit”（曾经在前面的物品）可知，摄影师的职责是拍摄或记录下被拍摄物体，所以画线词所在句意思是摄影师如何准备在被摄物面前记录下它，即画线词意思为“记录”A.Identify.识别;B.Record.记录；C.Arrange.安排；D.Explore.探索故选B【28题详解】推理判断题根据第三段中“On oneside arethose whodesireonlytobe in themoment.On theothersidearetheplanners.They wouldnever dreamof goingoutthedoorwithoutafulllistof howthey regoing toapproach theshoot.Actually,there isa thirdgroup nowadays.They justtakephotosof thewholesceneanddo allthecreativework inPhotoshop afterthe event.（一边是那些只希望活在当下的人另一边是规划者如果没有一份完整的拍摄计划清单，他们绝对不会想到出门事实上，现在还有第三种人他们只是把整个场景拍下来，然后在活动结束后用Photoshop做所有的创意工作）”可推知，作者认为摄影师可以采用灵活的工作方式故选B【29题详解】主旨大意题根据第四段^Photographers shoulddoalot ofresearch inorder to get readyfora photographictrip.This includescreating afile foreach locationthey aredue tovisit.Theystart afileforeach placeand beginto makea listof thepieces ofinformation.Knowing whattheplacelookslike in advanceisinvaluable,so it is goodto hitseveral Internetphotosites.Besides clueingthem into thephotographicpossibilitiesof the location,this canalso showwhatangles havealready beeoverused andwhich theyshould thereforeavoid.But photographerswillalso findanglestheydidn texpect fromlocations theyhadn timagined.Armed with these theywill bebetterprepared topush theboundaries ofwhat theyexpect.（为了准备一次摄影之旅，摄影师应该做大量的调查研究这包括为他们要访问的每个位置创建一个文件他们在每个地方都建立了一个文件，并开始列一张信息清单提前知道这个地方是什么样子是非常重要的，所以最好去几个互联网照片网站除了提示他们拍摄地点的可能性外，还可以告诉他们哪些角度已经被过度使用，因此他们应该避免哪些角度但摄影师也会从他们没有想象过的地点找到他们没有想到的角度掌握了这些，他们将更好地准备好去突破他们所期望的界限”可知，第四段的主要思想是要想拍出令人满意的照片，万全的准备是必须的故选A【30题详解】细节理解题根据最后一段中“Most travelerstend tothinkonlyofplacestheyrevisiting,without lookingdeeper intoculture,history ormeaning.I trytogetin timewith therhythmof theplaceandintunewithitsmelody.But mostof allIjust wanttobeready.大多数旅行者倾向于只想到他们要去的地方，而没有深入了解文化、历史或意义我努力跟上那个地方的节奏，与它的旋律合拍但最重要的是，我想做好准备”可知，Jim说他对选择合适的地方去旅游很谨慎故选CDBright Nights,Big ProblemsAstronomersrate thedarkness of our skieson arange of9brightest to1darkest,andmost of us spendour livesin thelight oflevels5to
8.All over the globeour nightsare growingbrighter,and almostnowhere arethey growingdarker.Studies increasinglylink ouroveruse oflightat nightwith healthconcerns suchas sleepdisorders anddiseases.Other studiesreportthe damagingecological consequencesand thebig wasteof energy.But thesteady loss of darknessfromour livesis not easily measured,forthetrue valueof darknessis somethingwe arebarelyaware of.Since thebeginning oftime,a skywith starswas partof themon humanexperience.Everywhereon Earth,on mostnights,people came face to face with the universe.This experienceinfluencedtheir beliefs一their veryunderstanding of their placein theworld.Today,many of us liveunderskies which are polluted by light.We liveunder anight skyshowing muchfewer stars.Althoughour night sky continues to shape us,it isthe absenceof the universe aroundus that influencesour beliefsto create.We arebeing shapedby aless experienceof darkness,and mostofusdont even know what we are missing.Our MilkyWay galaxyis home to several hundred billionstars,andtheuniverse hometo severalhundred billion othergalaxies.A skywith alarge numberof starsencourages us to emphasizeourimportance,to imaginehumanity asthe centerof allthings.Face toface withthe endlesssizeof theuniverse,we havethe chance to know how insignificantwe reallyare.But wealsorealize thetrue largenessof ourlivingonthis planet,and realizethat we have anenormousresponsibility tocare,that there isnoother placeto go,that homeis here.Everyone needsbeauty aswell asbread,“wrote John Muir,American naturalist.Lightingdesigners understand that without darkness,there isno“city oflight”,and theyworkconstantly to create their city s atmospheric beauty by mixing artificial lightwith darkness.And withnight smoonlit geographies,its smellsof desertrain andautumn fires,its insectsymphonies interrupted by a bird s call on a lake,natural darknesshas many offerings ofitsown.Yet we are pletelyinvolved inartificial light.Much ofthis lightingis whollyunnecessary,born ofhabit andlack ofawareness.So letus bee aware:simply bykeeping ourexisting lightswecould significantlyreduce theirnegative effectson ourbody,our mind,our soul.Artificiallight at night isa wonder,a qualitythat enrichesour lives.But thesame hasalways beentrueof darkness,and can be again.
31.The authorsuggests thatbecause oflight pollutionwe.A.tendtoeface toface withtheuniverseB.need alot ofimagination tounderstand theuniverseC.are considerablyless creativethan ourancient ancestorswereD.experience theworld ina differentway toprevious generations
32.What doesthe authorthink abouthumans inParagraph3A.We havean overconfidentbelief in our ownvalue.B.We behaveas ifnothing existsapart fromourselves.C.We ignorethe requirementof lookingafter ourplanet.D Weavoid thinkingtoo deeplyabout ourrole onEarth.
33.Why doesthe authorinclude referencesto rain,fires andwildlifeA.To illustratethe boringlife atnight withoutartificial light.B.To explainwhy peoplethink lightingis necessaryatnight.C.To providean exampleof theattractive qualitiesof nighttime.D.To highlightthe differencesbetween urbanand naturalenvironments.
34.We canlearn from thelastparagraph that theauthoris.A.clear about the reasonswhy artificiallight isessentialB.dissatisfied withpeople slack ofinterest inartificial lightC.willing todraw parisonsbetween artificiallight anddarknessD.hopeful thatpeople will beeawareof thenegative impactof lights【答案】
31.D
32.A
33.C
34.C【解析】这是一篇议论文越来越多的研究表明，我们在晚上过度使用灯光与睡眠障碍和疾病等健康问题有关但是，我们生活中黑暗的稳定消失并不容易衡量，因为黑暗的真正价值是我们几乎没有意识到的东西文中作者通过将人造光和自然的黑暗相对比，告诉我们应当肩负起保护星球家园的责任【31题详解】推理判断题根据第二段“Since thebeginning oftime,a skywith starswas partof themon humanexperience.Everywhere onEarth,on mostnights,people camefacetofacewiththeuniverse.Thisexperience influencedtheir beliefs一their veryunderstanding of their placein theworld.Today,manyofus liveunder skieswhicharepollutedbylight.We liveunder anight skyshowing muchfewerstars.Although ournight skycontinuestoshapeus,itisthe absenceof theuniverse aroundusthatinfluencesour beliefsto create.We arebeing shapedby aless experienceof darkness,and mostofusdon tevenknowwhatwe aremissing.（从——开始，满天繁星是人类共同经历的一部分在地球上的每一个地方，在大多数夜晚，人们都与宇宙面对面这种经历影响了他们的信仰一一他们对自己在世界上地位的理解今天，我们许多人生活在被光污染的天空下我们生活在星星少得多的夜空下虽然我们的夜空继续塑造着我们，但正是我们周围宇宙的缺失影响了我们创造的信念我们被较少的黑暗经历所塑造，我们大多数人甚至不知道我们错过了什么）”可知，作者认为，由于光污染，我们体验世界的方式与前几代人不同故选D【32题详解】细节理解题根据第三段中“Our MilkyWay galaxyis hometo severalhundredbillionstars,andthe universehometoseveralhundredbillion othergalaxies.A skywith alarge numberof starsencouragesustoemphasize ourimportance,to imaginehumanity asthe centerofallthings.Faceto facewiththeendless sizeof theuniverse,wehavethe chancetoknow how insignificantwereally are.（我们的冷艮河系是几千亿颗恒星的家园，而宇宙是几千亿其他星系的家园一个有大量星星的天空鼓励我们强调我们的重要性，想象人类是一切事物的中心面对浩瀚无垠的宇宙，我们才有机会知道自己有多渺小）”可知，作者认为人类对自己的价值过于自信故选A[33题详解】推理判断题根据第四段中“uEveryone needsbeauty aswell asbread,wrote JohnMuir,Americannaturalist.Lighting designersunderstandthatwithoutdarkness,thereisno“city oflight”,and theywork constantlytocreatetheircitysatmosphericbeautybymixingartificiallightwith darkness.And withnightsmoonlit geographies,its smellsof desertrain andautumn fires,its insectsymphoniesinterruptedbyabirdscallonalake,natural darknesshas manyofferingsof itsown.（美国博物学家JohnMuir写道“人人都需要面包，也需要美丽”灯光设计师明白，没有黑暗，就没有“光之城”，他们不断地工作，通过人造光与黑暗的混合来创造他们城市的氛围之美夜晚的月光照耀着大地，沙漠之雨和秋天之火的气息，昆虫发出的交响乐被湖中鸟儿的鸣叫打断，自然的黑暗也有它自己的许多贡献）”可知，作者提到雨、火和野生动物，是为了给夜晚迷人的魅力提供一个例子故选C【34题详解】细节理解题根据最后一段中“So letus beeaware:simply bykeeping ourexisting lightswe couldsignificantlyreduce theirnegative effectson ourbody,our mind,our soul.Artificial lightatnight isawonder,a qualitythat enrichesour lives.But thesame hasalways beentrue ofdarkness,and can be again.（所以，我们要意识到只要保持现有灯光，我们就可以显著减少它们对我们身体、思想和灵魂的负面影响夜晚的人造光是一个奇迹，一种丰富我们生活的品质但是，黑暗一直以来都是如此，也可以再次如此）”可知，作者乐于将人工光与黑暗进行比较故选C第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项Farms of the FutureSkyscrapers（摩天大楼）aretheultimate symbolof urbanlife.By2050,almost80percent of the earth,s population could livein cities.The human population couldincreaseto
9.1billion peopleyet the amount of land available for farming will be thesame.35Vertical farms,where farmerscould grow crops inenvironmentally friendlyskyscrapers,could bethe solution.In spiteof concernsover highcosts,experts wantto makethese urban farms a realityand use these skyscrapers to growcrops.36Vertical farmswould havemany advantages,experts say.The foodwould begrown withminimaleffects onthe environment.Unlike traditionalfarming,vertical farmingwould notforce animalsout of theirhabitats bytaking overlarge areasof land,nor wouldit pollutethe airwith theuse of heavyfarming equipment.37These havebeen wellrecognized.Growing prosperityhas ledto manypeople demandingthat allfoods areavailable allyearround.Indoor farmingcould producecrops constantlyand cropswould notsuffer fromweatherrelatedproblems likedrought orflooding.In addition,the useof agriculturalchemicalsfor controllinginsects wouldbe minimal.38They pointout thatalthough cropsgrowing ina tallglass buildingwould getnaturalsunlight during the day,it wouldntbeenough.The plantsclosest to the windowswould growmuch more quickly than the plants furtherinside.The plantsgrowing awayfrom the windows maynot produce as many or as highquality vegetables.39They wouldneed additionallight sources.Experts agreethat thenew farmingpractices areneeded to support theplanets needfor moreandmore foodat affordablecosts,both to the farmerand tothe consumer.Vertical farmsmay be a smallscaleanswer,but thebest ideascould beyet toe.A.Still,there aresome peoplewho arecritical ofvertical farms.B.That iswhere vertical farms areoften neededfor yearroundcrops.
3.A.response B.effort c.decision D.mentB.take c.share D.afford
4.A.ownc.spare D.
5.A.adjust B.examinepublishc.purpose D.value
6.A.desire B.effectc.take onD.put up
7.A.give awayB.bring inc.secret D.
8.A.beliefB.spiritrequest
9.A.onlyB.nearly c.still D.thusc.unusual D.
10.A.mistakenB.helplessawkward【答案】LB
2.C
3.A
4.D
5.C
6.A
7.B
8.D
9.C
10.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文讲述了邮递员无意间发现小男孩儿MathewFlores因贫穷而只看不起书后,将他的故事发到在脸书上，网友们知道后，给小男孩送了好多爱心图书的故事【1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意他喜欢垃圾邮件，这些广告是他唯一能得到的阅读材料A.natural自然的；B.available可获得的；C.mon共同的；D.familiar熟悉的根据第二段中“but hisfamilyis very poor”可知小男孩之所以读这些垃圾邮件，是因为他的家庭太穷所以这些广告是他唯一可获得的阅读材料故选B项【2题详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意这个问题使邮递员大吃一惊A.frightened害怕的；B.disappointed失望的;C.surprised感到惊讶的；D.amused觉得好笑的根据分析可知,垃圾邮件一向是人们不喜欢的，而小男孩却问邮递员要垃圾邮件，所以在下一句中He askedtheboythe reason”邮递员问小男孩这样做的原因可知邮递员是感到惊讶的故选C项【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意他问了男孩原因，然后在脸书上记录了他的回答A.response回答；B.effort努力；C.decision决定；D.ment评论根据前文He askedthe boyC.So how to meetthe increasingfood needsofourplanet couldbe abig problem.D.For thesereasons,natural lightcannot be a workable solution forverticalfarms.E.Vertically grownfood isgrown inenvironmentally controlledconditions inbig cities.F.Those farmswould alsoreduce thecost andnegative effectsof transportingfood overdistances.G.They believethat wecan increasethe foodproduction bychanging ourthinking fromout toup.【答案】
35.C
36.G
37.F
38.A
39.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了未来城市里的垂直农场【35题详解】上文“The humanpopulationcouldincrease to
9.1billion peopleyet theamount of land availableforfarmingwillbethesame.（人类人口可能增加到91亿人，但可供耕种的土地数量将保持不变）”说明人口增加，但耕地面积不会增加，此处承接这一话题，说明这种趋势带来的影响，C项“因此，如何满足我们星球日益增长的粮食需求可能是一个大问题”承接上文，C项中aincreasing foodneeds”与上文humanpopulation和theamountoflandavailableforfarming一致，故选C[36题详解】上文“In spiteof concernsover highcosts,experts wantto make theseurbanfarmsarealityand use these skyscrapersto growcrops.（尽管担心高成本,专家彳门还是想让这些城市农场成为现实，用这些摩天大楼来种植农作物）”说明专家希望转变思路，G项“他们相信我们可以通过从外到上的思维方式来增加粮食产量”概括上文内容，“changing ourthinking fromout toup”与上文“use theseskyscraperstogrowcrops”一致，故选G【37题详解】上文“Unlike traditionalfarming,vertical farmingwould notforce animalsoutoftheir habitatsbytaking overlarge areasofland,nor wouldit pollutethe airwiththeuseofheavy farmingequipment.（与传统农业不同，垂直农业不会占用大片土地，迫使动物离开它们的栖息地，也不会因为使用重型农业设备而污染空气）”说明了垂直农业的优点，F项also是关键词，与上文是病了补充关系，“这些农场还可以减少长距离运输食物的成本和负面影响”符合题意，补充说明垂直农场的优点故选F【38题详解】设空处为段落主题句，根据下文内容“They pointout that...The plantsclosest tothe windowswould grow muchmore quicklythan theplants furtherinside.The plantsgrowing awayfrom thewindows may notproduce asmany oras highquality vegetables.（他们指出，虽然生长在高大的玻璃建筑里的作物在白天可以得到自然阳光，但这是不够的离窗户最近的植物比离窗户更远的植物长得更快生长在远离窗户的植物可能不能生产出那么多或高质量的蔬菜）”说明了部分人的观点，认为垂直种植的缺点也是很明显的，A项“尽管如此，还是有一些人对垂直农场持批评态度”概括了下文内容，故选Ao【39题详解】上文“The plantsclosest tothewindowswouldgrowmuchmorequicklythantheplantsfurtherinside.The plantsgrowing awayfrom thewindowsmaynotproduceasmanyorashigh qualityvegetables.（离窗户最近的植物比离窗户更远的植物长得更快生长在远离窗户的植物可能不能生产出那么多或高质量的蔬菜）”说明阳光对植物生长的重要性，空格处承上启下，下文“They wouldneed additionallight sources.（它们需要额外的光源）”说明问题所在D项前半句For thesereasons”与上文讲的自然光对作物的影响一致，后半句natural lightcannot bea workablesolution”与下文“need additionallight sources”一致，故选D第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40至41题每小题2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答Is YourMemory OnlineIf you aretrying to find outwho inventedthe microscope,do youask afriend,gotothelibrary,or lookit uponline Thesedays,most peoplewill lookit uponline witha quickInternetsearch.Just Googleit”,people say,using thename ofthe popularInternet searchengine.As Internetusers beemore dependenton theInternetto storeinformation,are people remembering lessIfyouknow yourputer willsaveinformation,why storeit in your ownpersonal memoryExperts arewondering ifthe Internetischanging whatwe rememberand how.In recentstudy,psychologist BetsySparrow ofColumbia Universityconducted someexperiments.She andher teamwanted toknowhowthe Internetis changingmemory.In thefirst experiment,they gave people40unimportant facts to typeinto aputer.The firstgroup ofpeople understoodthatthe puter would savethe information.The secondgroup understoodthattheputerwouldnotsave it.Later,the secondgroup remembered the informationbetter.People in thefirstgroupknew theycould find the informationagain,so theydid nottryto remember it.In thesecond experiment,the researchersgavepeoplefactsto remember.In addition,theresearchers toldthem where to findthe informationontheputer.The informationwas ina specificputerfolder.Surprisingly,people laterremembered thefolder locationbetter thanthe facts.When peopleusethe Internet,they donot remember the information.Rather theyremember how tofind it.This iscalled utransactive memory v.We remember where tofindthe information,but we dont rememberthe information.Before the Internet,we usedtransactive memoryto rememberwhichperson or book had the informationwe needed.Now,we justhave to remember whereitisstoredon the Internet.According toSparrow,we arenot beingpeople withpoor memoriesasaresult ofthe Internet.Instead,we arelearning howto organize huge quantities ofinformationso thatwe areable toaccessit ata laterdate.This doesnt meanwearebeing eithermore orless intelligent,butthere isno doubtthatthe way we use memory is changing.
40.Why didSparrow andher teammaketheexperiments
41.What wasthe resultofthesecond experiment
42.Would youplease givean exampleof transactivememory
43.What doyou thinkofthefact thatthe way we usememoryis changing Whyabout40words【答案】
40.Sparrow andher teammade theexperiments inorder tofind out how theInternetis changingmemory.
41.The resultofthesecond experimentwas thatpeoplerememberthelocation ofthe informationrather thanthe informationitself.
42.For example,we don t wanttorememberthe informationby ourselves.Instead,we dliketo rememberthe personwho knowsthe informationand askhim forit whenwe needthe information.
43.1I think it goodto change the way we use our memory.With thehelp ofthe Internet,weare learning howtoorganizehugequantities ofinformation.We canstore anduse more information,which willsurely broadenour view and improve work efficiency.So I think itsagood thing.2I don t thinkitisagood thing to changethe wayweuse our memory.It willmake usrelytoo much onthe Internet.Once thereisaproblem withit,we willbealoss ofmuch informationthat should havebeen storedin ourmind.So I dont think thatsagood thing.【解析】本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了心理学家Sparrow和她的团队进行了一些实验以找出互联网是如何改变记忆的【40题详解】细节理解题根据文章第二段“She andher teamwanted toknowhowthe Internetis changingmemory.她和她的团队想知道互联网是如何改变记忆的”可知Sparrow和她的团队做这些实验的原因是探究互联网是如何改变记忆的故答案为“Sparrow andher teammade theexperimentsin ordertofindouthowtheInternetischangingmemory.”[41题详解】细节理解题根据文章第三段^Surprisingly,people laterrememberedthefolder locationbetterthan thefacts.When peopleusetheInternet,they donot rememberthe information.Rather theyrememberhowtofind it.令人惊讶的是，人们后来记得文件夹的位置比事实的记忆更好当人们使用互联网时，他们不记得信息相反，他们记得是如何找到它的”可知第二个实验的结果是人们记住信息的位置而不是信息本身故答案为“The resultofthesecond experimentwasthat peoplerememberthelocationofthe informationrather thanthe informationitself.”推理判断题根据文章第四段“This iscalled transactivememory.We rememberwheretofindthe information,but we don,t rememberthe information.Before theInternet,we usedtransactivememorytorememberwhich personorbookhadthe information weneeded.Now,we justhave torememberwhereitisstored ontheInternet.（这被称为“事务性记忆”我们记得在哪里找到信息，但我们不记得信息的内容在互联网出现之前，我们使用事务性记忆来记忆哪些人或书拥有我们需要的信息现在,我们只需要记住它在互联网上的存储位置）”可知，这是“事务性记忆”的定义与具体体现，即例如，我们不想自己去记住信息相反，我们想记住知道信息的人，然后在我们需要信息的时候问他故答案为Forexample,wedontwanttoremembertheinformationby ourselves.Instead,wedlike torememberthe personwho knowstheinformationand askhim forit whenwe needtheinformation.”【43题详解】主观题本题是开放题，通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了心理学家Sparrow和她的团队通过比较两组人的记忆方式发现互联网正在改变我们的记忆方式，而这种改变是有利有弊的，如果认为改变我们使用记忆的方式是好的就可以说在互联网的帮助下，我们正在学习如何组织大量的信息我们可以存储和使用更多的信息、，这必将拓宽我们的视野，提高工作效率反之如果认为改变我们使用记忆的方式不是一件好事，则可以说它会使我们过度依赖互联网一旦出现了问题，我们就会失去很多本该储存在我们脑海中的信息故答案为“Ithinkit goodtochange the wayweuseourmemory.With thehelp oftheInternet,wearelearninghowto organizehugequantitiesofinformation.We canstore anduse more information,which willsurely broadenourviewandimproveworkefficiency.So Ithinkitsagood thing.”或Idon,tthinkit isagood thingtochangethewayweuseourmemory.It willmake usrely toomuchontheInternet.Once thereisaproblem withit,we willbealossofmuch informationthatshouldhave beenstoredinourmind.So Idontthink thatsagoodthing.”第二节（20分）
44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华因为疫情，你的外教Jim无法回国，写信向你询问寒假期间可以参加的活动请给他回封邮件，内容包括
1.推荐一项活动；
2.介绍活动内容；
3.提醒注意事项注意
1.词数不少于80；
4.邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数Dear Jim,Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim,I msorry tohear that you cant goback homeduring thewinter vacation.But itdoesn,t matter.You can experience therelaxing andexciting lifehere inChina.I suggestyou visitthe Forbidden City.It isa mustseeattraction inBeijing.There youcanexperience the life ofthe royal family andtheway they celebrated the Spring Festival.In addition,you canappreciate thebeauty ofthe greattreasures on display,which wi11offeryou a great chanceto explore the Chinese culture.Usually the Forbidden Citywillbemorebeautifully decorated during the SpringFestivalwith colorfullights anddelicate lanterns.You canimmerse yourselfinthefestive atmosphere.I msure theForbidden Cityis wortha visit.As forthe preparation,you canbook theticket onlineinadvance.Remember towear amaskwhile visiting.You canalso checkthe officialwebsite formoreinformation.I hopemy remendationcan be of some help toyou.If thereis anythingelse Ican do,pleaselet me know.Wish youa happyholiday.179Love fromLiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文,要求考生给外教Jim回封邮件,告诉他寒假期间可以参加的活动【详解】第一步审题体裁应用文时态根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时结构总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容要求
1.推荐一项活动；
2.介绍活动内容；
3.提醒注意事项第二步:列提纲（重点词组）a mustseeattraction；in addition；ondisplay；immerse oneselfin；as for；inadvance；beof somehelp；第三步连词成句1・I msorry tohear that you cant goback homeduringthewinter vacation.
2.You canexperience therelaxing andexciting lifehere inChina.
3.I suggestyou visittheForbidden City.
4.It isa mustseeattraction inBeijing.
5.There you canexperiencethelifeoftheroyalfamilyandthewaytheycelebratedtheSpringFestival.
6.In addition,you canappreciate thebeauty ofthe greattreasures ondisplay,which willofferyou agreat chanceto explore the Chineseculture.
7.Usually theForbiddenCitywillbemore beautifullydecoratedduringtheSpringFestival withcolorfullights anddelicate lanterns.
8.You canimmerse yourselfinthefestive atmosphere.I msure theForbiddenCityis worthavisit.
9.As forthe preparation,you canbook theticket onlineinadvance.
10.Remember towear amask whilevisiting.
11.You canalso checkthe officialwebsite formoreinformation.
12.I hopemy remendationcanbeof somehelp toyou.
13.If thereis anythingelse Ican do,please letme know.Wish youa happyholiday.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题第四步连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考）本文使用了表并列补充关系的衔接词What ismore,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,Inaddition Aswell as,not only-but（also）,including,连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】[高分句型1]In addition,you canappreciate thebeauty ofthe greattreasures ondisplay,which willoffer youagreatchancetoexploretheChineseculture.（which引导非限制性定语从句）[高分句型2]I hopemy remendationcanbeofsomehelp toyou.（hope后是省略that的宾语从句）[高分句型3]If thereis anythingelse Ican do,please letme know.（if弓I导条件状语从句）the reason可知，他问了小男孩为什么要这些垃圾邮件，所以这里应该是将小男孩的回答发到了脸书上，故选A项【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意实际上他想去图书馆，但他的家庭很穷，付不起乘坐公共汽车的钱A.own拥有;B.take乘坐；C.share分享；D.afford付得起根据but hisfamily isverypoor”可知，小男孩的家庭很贫困，去图书馆但付不起乘坐公交车的钱故选D项【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意然后，这位邮递员问他脸书上的朋友们是否可以匀出一些书给小男孩A.adjust调整；B.examine检查；C.spare匀出D.publish出版根据下句Most kidswantelectronic products!But whathe wantsis books”以及“some booksfortheboy.”可知，由于小男孩想要书，所以邮递员想让脸书上的朋友们匀出一些自己的书给小男孩故选C项【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意遇见他这么罕见的心愿真是太好了，当我说我可以帮助他时，你可以想象他当时的笑容A.desire心愿；B.effect努力；C.purpose目的；D.value价值根据上文中“Most kidswant electronicproducts!But whathe wantsis books”可知大部分的孩子都想要电子产品，而小男孩想要的却是书，他的愿望是很罕见的故选A项【7题详解】考查动词词组辨析句意:邮差本认为脸书上的帖子可能会收获50到60本书A.give away分发；B.bring in收获；C.take on承担;D.put up张贴根据下文^People fromaround theworld,including theUK,Australia andIndia,have sentbooks.”以及“50to60books.可知，脸书上的帖子让他收获了很多书邮差本认为脸书上的帖子可能会收获50到60本书故选B项【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意:但他的请求在网上传播很快A.belief信仰；B.spirit精神;C.secret秘密；D.request请求根据上文可知，邮递员向网友们请求捐一些书给小男孩，所以这里他发的帖子应该是请求帮助的，故选D项考查副词词义辨析句意数百本的书已经送到了男孩的门口，还有数百本的书仍然在路上A.only仅仅；B.nearly差不多；C.still仍然；D.thus因此根据上文“Hundreds ofbooks havebeendeliveredtotheboysdoor.以及“on theirway”可知,有很多书都已经送到了男孩儿的门口，但还有很多书还没有送到依旧在路上故选C项【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意当书开始陆续到达时，Flores被发生的事情震惊了“我以为他们弄错了，但他们确实是送给我的A.mistaken弄错的；B.helpless无用的；C.unusual不寻常的；D.awkward尴尬的根据本句中的连接词but表示转折，可知，弗洛雷斯一开始很惊讶，以为书是别人寄错了的但后来知道书的确是送给他的故选A项第二节语法填空共10小题；每小题
1.5分，共15分A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空Imagine youare standingclose toa river.The sunis shiningand everythingisveryquiet.There isa boat11wait foryou.You getin andit takesyou downa river,slowly andgently---and aftersome timeyou realizethat you12beinthis placebefore.You areback ata timeinyour childhood,13you werevery happy.You rowtothebank ofthe riverand getout.Walkaround,and you will meetall thosepeople youspent thathappy timewith andyou can do allthosethings againthatyouenjoyed.【答案】
11.waiting
12.havebeen
13.when【解析】本文是一篇记叙文作者记叙了一次自我想象的经历，想象自己一个站在河边，登上了一艘船，回到了童年，又能重新进行选择【11题详解】考查动词时态句意那儿有艘船在等你分析句子结构可知，设空处句子时态应与前两句保持一致，描述当时想象的情景，应用现在进行时故填waiting考查动词时态句意过了一段时间你意识到你曾经来过这个地方根据时间状语before可知，这里表示过去发生的事情对现在造成影响，应用现在完成时故填have beeno【13题详解】考查定语从句句意你又回到了你的童年时代，那时你非常快乐分析句子结构可知设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a timeinyourchildhood,在从句中充当时间状语，应用关系副词when引导故填whenB阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空Young peoplework hardtogettheir qualifications.But manyworkplaces arelooking forsoftskills.They concernabout thingslike managingyour time,working ina teamin different14activity andmunicating withothers.All ofthose15include insoft skills.Usually peoplewiththese skillscandoagoodjob.Many ofthese skillsare16help inyour educationaswell.You candevelop themby learningabouttheway youthink andthewayyou municate.【答案】
14.activities
15.are included
16.helpful【解析】这是一篇说明文年轻人努力工作以获得资格证书但很多工作场所都在寻找软技能，因为通常拥有软技能的人工作可以做得很好其中的许多技能对你的教育也有帮助你可以通过了解你的思考方式和你的沟通方式来培养他们【14题详解】考查名词的数句意他们关心的事情包括管理你的时间，在不同的活动中在一个团队中工作，以及与他人沟通故填activities【15题详解】考查时态语态句意所有这些都包含在软技能中句子陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为all,谓语动词用复数故填are includedo考查形容词句意其中的许多技能对你的教育也有帮助结合上文Many ofthese skillsare”，可知应填形容词helpful,作表语故填helpfulC阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空World leadersare planningto returntothe moon inthe nearfuture.Two panieshave alsomadea decision17support spacetravel.They willgive30million dollarstothefirst memberswhosend avehicle tothemoonand sendvideo backto EarthovertheInternet.In additionto18makealotofmoney,the winnerswill alsomake history.In the1400s,Spanish leaders19give Columbusmoney toexploretheworld;in return,they learnedabout awhole newpart oftheworld.Today slunar explorersare similar.Who knows20theywilldiscover【答案】
17.tosupport
18.making
19.gave
20.what【解析】本文是新闻报道文章主要介绍世界各国领导人正计划在不久的将来重返月球，两家大公司打算支持太空旅行，制定了一些奖励政策，希望能够探索新的东西【17题详解】考查非谓语动词句意两个公司也做出决定支持太空旅行分析句子可知，decision后接不定式作后置定语，故填to supporto【18题详解】考查非谓语动词句意除了赚很多钱，赢家也会创造历史In additionto除……之外”，to是介词，接动名词作宾语，故填making【19题详解】考查动词时态句意在14世纪，西班牙领导人给哥伦布提供资金来探索世界；作为回报,他们了解了世界的一个全新的部分分析句子可知，give是谓语动词，由时间状语“In the1400sv可知用一般过去时故填gave【20题详解】考查宾语从句句意谁知道他们能发现什么？分析句子可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句中discover缺少宾语，表示“什么，故填what第二部分阅读理解共两节，38分第一节共14小题；每小题2分，共28分阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑ATo:David Russeldrusell@nimail.orgFrom:Alyssa Mellerameller@jtext Date:January12Subject:MeetingsDear Mr.Russel,Wele towork hereforafew days.Iamwriting tolet youknow thatRoger Williams,one ofourstaff members,will pickyou upatthe airport onSunday evening.We havea hotelarrangementfor youjust nextto ouroffice building.As apopular writerof children s literature,youwill begiving apresentation inour boardroom.All ofus areexpecting thenew contentsin yourbooks,which willsurely includeyour understandingof children s literature.We hopeto learnmorefrom youabout howto efficientlyorganize contentsand developwritten municationskills.At yourrequest,I wasabout toarrange severalmeetings withyour coauthorsto discuss revisionsto yourseries ofchildrensstories,which willbe animportant partduring your stay here.Because ofthe tightschedule,you willprobably havesome busydays here.But we will tryourbest to ensure thatyoucan havea high efficiency.All detailsare providedbelow.9:00a.m.Presentation onnew contentsMon.11:00a.m.Lunch meetingwith ThomasWood illustratorTue.9:30a.m.Breakfast withGary Willsonbook designerConferencecall withScott Westthe CEOof Walter11:20a.m.Publishing2:00p.m.Meeting withHank Willisabout someofthechaptersMeeting withGeorg Hoffmannto translatesome documents9:00a.m.into EnglishWed.11:00a.m.Editing sessionwith JoseWrightAfter thefinal meetingon Wednesday,wewilldrive youto WestTown Stationby4:00p.m.Your trainfromthestation totheairportwill departat4:30p.m.and yourflight isscheduledto leaveat6:10p.m.If thereis anythingunsuitable forthe arrangement,please letmeknowand wewill adjusttheschedule assoon aspossible.Looking forwardto meetingyou nextweek.Alyssa
21.What isthe purposeoftheemailA.To provideaworkschedule.B.To makea travelarrangement.C.To proposean adaptationofthestorybooks.D.To informMr.Russel ofa schedulechange.
22.What canwe learnabout Mr.RusselA.He isattending abook fair.B.He isdrafting aresearch proposal.C.He isadvertising childrens storybooks.D.He isworking withothers ona project
23.When isMr.Russel expectedto discussthe contentsof hisstorybooksA.At11:00a.m.on Monday.B.At11:20a.m.on Tuesday.C.At2:00p.m.on Tuesday.D.At9:00a.m.on Wednesday.【答案】
21.A
22.D
23.C【解析】本文是应用文这是Alyssa Meller写给儿童作家David Russel的一封邮件，介绍了工作安排，活动内容和时间安排等事项【21题详解】推理判断题根据第一段的uBecause ofthe tightschedule,youwillprobably havesome busydayshere.But wewill tryour besttoensurethatyoucanhaveahighefficiency.All detailsareprovided below.（由于日程安排紧张，你可能会在这里有一些繁忙的日子但我们会尽力确保你能有一个高效率所有细节如下）”可推断，这封邮件的目的是为了提供一个工作安排表故选A【22题详解】细节理解题根据第一段的“At yourrequest,I wasabout toarrange severalmeetings withyourcoauthors todiscussrevisionsto yourseries ofchildrensstories,which willbe animportantpart duringyourstayhere.（应您的要求，我打算安排几次与您的合著者的会议，讨论您的一系列儿童故事的修订，这将是您在这里逗留期间的一个重要部分”可知，Russell正在和别人一起做一个项目故选D[23题详解】细节理解题根据表格中提到的“Tue.2:00p.m.和“Meeting withHank Willisabout someof thechapters（和Hank Willis讨论一些章节）”可知，星期二下午两点，Russell先生将讨论他的故事书的内容故选CBThe WrestlerWho Becamean AuthorPeteWatson lookslikethebiggest,sweetest teddybear youever saw.It isonly whenheopens hismouth thatyou noticehis missingfront teeth.He isa threetimeworld championwrestlerand nowan authorwho haswritten severalnovels.However,what impressespeople mostis nothisstatus asa championoranauthor,but hisunique understandingofwrestling.Watson doesnotefromatraditional wrestlingfamily.His fatherwas anathletics directorwitha PhD,while hismother wasa physicaleducation teacher.。
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