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译林版）Unit8Detective stories人与社会文学与艺术单元引言解读The detectiveand hiscriminal wearversions of the samemask.-Jane Roberts释义”侦探和他的罪犯戴着同一个面具-简•罗伯茨J启示:「侦探和罪犯之间除了法律和勇气，更多的是道德和逻辑的博弈我们在欣赏侦探小说的同时，也可以尝试发现美好的品质，和他们在博弈的过程中所呈现的逻辑名言名句积累人与社会不论多么天衣无缝的犯罪，只要是人做的，就没有解不开的道理
1.No matterhow perfectthe crime,as longas peopledo,there isno solutiondont open.不要让一个人的外表影响你的判断力，这是最重要的感情会影响理智的
2.Dont leta personsappearance affectyour judgment,this is the mostimportant.Feelings willaffect therational.
3.To readof a detectives daringfinesse oringenious stratagemis arare joy.读到一个侦探大胆的技巧或巧妙的策略是一种难得的乐趣
4.Read like a detectiveand writelike aconscientious investigativereporter.像侦探一样读书，像认真的调查记者一样写作.罪犯是有创造力的艺术家；侦探只是评论家
5.The criminalis thecreative artist;the detectiveonly thecritic时文拓展阅读《侦探小说魅力与启示》阅读提示文章先介绍了侦探小说的魅力，如充满神秘和悬念、情节复杂接着讲述了侦探小说的发展历史，提到了几位著名的作家然后分析了侦探小说受欢迎的原因，包括激发好奇心和挑战思维之后列举了一些著名的侦探小说家及其作品最后给出了阅读侦探小说的注意事项，并总结了侦探小说的价值整体思路是从侦探小说的特点入手，逐步深入探讨其历史、受欢迎原因、代表作品及阅读建议等方面，以全面地向读者介绍侦探小说Detective Novels:Charm and InspirationDetective novels are extremelyattractive.They usuallypresent complexplots fullof mysteries.For example,in aclassicdetective story,a preciousdiamond disappearsfrom alocked roomal agrand party.This roomhas onlyone entranceand hasbeenguarded withno signsof forcedentry.This situationpresents readerswith anexciting puzzle.The developmentof detective novels hasa longhistory.Edgar Allan Poe isconsidered apioneer.Later,Sir Arthur ConanDoyles Sherlock Holmes seriesmade detectivenovels widelyknown.Agatha Christiealso contributedmany excellentworks.进去拿球，但是因为穿着裙子无法实施，第二天穿着裤子去了进去后不仅找到了球还发现了一根金条，后来得知有根金条被盗，我们发现的金条和被盗的一样，于是告诉了的妈妈，她报了警20Kavya细节理解题根据文中可知，
1.C“Though wewere scared,we went to his house and asked himif he could giveus ourball.”当看到球掉进了这个男人家时，她们感到害怕，故选C细节理解题根据文中可知，因为穿着
2.B“Kavya agreed,but wewere both wearing skirts.We couldntclimb inskirts.裙子所以不能爬，故选B推理判断题根据文中、及“
3.A“Icouldn believemyears whenit saidthat20gold barswere stolen from agold shop.”Wequickly told the story to Kavya9s mother and she called the police.”可知，从这个男人家床底下发现的金条和新闻中某个金店丢失的一样，由此可推知，的妈妈报警之后，警察会把这个男人抓起来，故选KavyaAo最佳标题题通读全文可知，本文围绕“丢失的球”为线索，发现了金店丢失的金条，所以最适合本文的标题
4.B是选项“丢失的球”，故选B B
（六）In Paris,one freezingwinter evening,I washaving dinnerwith myfriend,Mr.Dupin,the famousdetective.We hadjustfinished ourmeal,when therewas aloud knockingat the door.Dupin openedit.There stoodMr.Germain,the chiefof theParisPolice.（熟人）We welcomedhim warmly,for he was an old acquaintancewhom we hadnt seenfor agreat time.（案件）“I needyour assistance/said Germain.I meta casethat has been givingme agreat dealof trouble.It isvery simplebutvery strange.”“Also,please keepthis secret.If anyonefound outthat1told youthis.I wouldcertainly losemy job.”“Well,then,“said the Chief,“I havelearned that a veryimportant letterhasbeenstolenfrom the king.We aresure whostoleit andthat the letter isin hishouse.”“But whowould daredo such a thingI cried.“The thief,“said Germainsoftly,“Hes a man whodares domany dangerousthings.He isone of the mostpowerful andimportantministers in the government.He isMinister Danton.“Have yousearched hishouse”“A lot of times.While Minister Danton wasout,a lotof well-trained police officers carefullysearched theentire house,room byroom.In fact,we examinedeverything in the housebut foundnothing....A monthlater,Dupin askedGermain andme to hishouse.There hetook outa letterand handedit to theChief.We werebothvery surprised.Dupin explained,I know Minister Danton very well.He couldnot hidethe letterin any of theusual hidingplaces.Irealized that he mighthave leftthe letterout in the open,right undereveryones nose,where noone wouldsearch forit.”（观察）“Then Ivisited himwith mydark glasseson to help meobserve better.While wewere chatting,a dirty,torn letterin the letter holder suddenlycaught myeyes——unusual for the Minister,who iscareful andneat.”“I wassure it was the letter.”“Then Ipurposely leftmy gloves behind so I could come back again/9“The nextmorning,I hireda man to fire a gun on the street,while theMinister went to see what happened,I stolethe letterby replacing it with a similar one.^^On itDupin wrotethese words:Your planwas good,but minewas better.As you can see,I tookthe letter.一Based on a storyby EdgarAllanPoe
1..The underlinedword“assistance in the thirdparagraph probablymeans.A.hobby B.help C.habit D.holiday
2.Who isthe bestat solvingdifficult casesaccording to the passageA.The writer.B.Mr.Germain.C.Mr.Dupin.D.MinisterDanton.
3.Dupin didall the following thingsto help get theletter backEXCEPT.A.wearing hisdark glasseswhen visitingDantons houseB.leaving hisgloves purposelybehind inDantons houseC.hiring amanto firea gunon the streetthe nextmorningD.writing somewords on theletterhe putinto theletterholder
4.From the passage we can inferthat.A.Dupin and Danton alsoknow each other wellB.Dupin and the writerare bothdetectives C.Danton and the writerare newfriends D.Germain andDanton aredangerous【答案】enemies
1.B
2.C
3.D
4.A【导语】本文根据埃德加•爱伦•坡的故事改编警长请著名侦探杜宾帮忙找回国王丢失的一封信，他知道信在部长的家，但在部长的家里搜寻了几遍都找不到信于是杜宾亲自去了一趟部长的家里，靠着细致的观察，杜宾发现了那封信，他巧妙地将信调包，最终拿回了国王的信词义猜测题根据（案件）可知，警长遇到了一个一直困
1.“I meta casethat hasbeen givingme agreat dealof trouble.扰他的案子，于是他来找杜宾先生帮忙，应是的意思故选assistance”“help”B推理判断题通读文章后半部分可知，最后是杜宾先生用计谋帮助警长找回国王丢失的信，由此可知杜宾先生最
2.擅长解决疑难案件故选C推理判断题根据（观察）、
3.“Then Ivisited himwith mydark glasseson to help meobserve better.“Then Ipurposely leftmyglovesbehindso Icouldcomebackagain.v和“The nextmorning,I hiredamantofireagunon the street,while theMinister可知，杜宾戴上墨镜是为了用眼睛搜寻信wentto seewhat happened,T stoletheletterbyreplacingitwith asimilarone.“时不被发现，落下手套是为了第二天能有正当理由再次去部长的家，雇了一个人在街上开枪是为了让部长离开家他方便调包信件；由此可知选项、和都是杜宾先生为了拿回信件所做的事情故选A BC D
4.推理判断题根据^1knowMinisterDantonverywell/\uThen Ivisited himwith mydark glasseson^以及可知，杜宾非常了解部长，会拜访他，两人也可以一起交谈，由此可知他两人彼此熟悉“While wewere chatting”故选A
（七）Miss ClariceChoo wasrobbed yesterday.She reportedit to the policeand askedher neighbourAnthony tohelp writeanotice toput on the noticeboards in the neighbourhood.21January2024Jalan KeiiPolice PostCase No.:2020012109Robbery ReportNameof Informant（举报者）Miss ClariceAddress:Block21Jalan Keii#25-340ChooNRIC:SI22345ID ContactNo.:623455Location ofIncident:Along JalanKeii Avenue（事件）:Time ofIncident21Jan.2024,7:30p.m.Brief DetailsI was walkingalong JalanKeii Avenuewhen aman jumpedout of the bushesand pointed a knife at me.He toldme togive himmy wallet and gold necklace.I complied.He is about170cm tall,of medium build.He hada pair of blacksunglasses onand a scar on his right cheek.He was wearinga long-sleeved blackT-shirt anddark bluejeans.Once Igave himmy valuables,he ran off tooquickly forme tosee wherehe wasgoing.After heranoff,I mademy way to theneighbourhoodpolice post.22January2024Appeal forWitnesses toRobberyDear Neighbours,I amwriting thisnotice onbehalf ofmy neighbourMiss ClariceChoo,who wasrobbed of her valuableson21January2024at7:30p.m.along JalanKeii Avenue.Her attackerpointedaknifeather anddemanded herwallet and gold necklace.The robberis aman about170cm talland ofmediumbuild.He hasascaronhisrightcheek.He waswearing blacksunglasses,a long-sleeved blackT-shirt anddark bluejeans.If anyonewitnessed the robbery,please contactMiss ClariceChoo at6234-
4455.Any information you provide will be mosthelpful.Anthony
1.What wasMiss ClariceChoo robbedof yesterdayA.A knife.B.A pairof blacksunglasses.C.Some expensiveclothes.D.A walletand agold necklace.
2.The underlinedword“complied“means A.fought B.refused C.complained D.obeyed
3.Why didMiss ClariceChoo needsucha noticeA.To helpher neighbours.B.To askwitnesses forinformation.C.To warnpeople of the robber.D.To knowmore about the neighbourhood.
4.How canyou helpif youhave someclues to the robberA.By writinganotice.B.By catchingthe robberyourself.C.By callingMiss ClariceChoo.D.By postingthe clueson theInternet.【答案】DDBC【解析】本文主要描述了克拉丽斯被抢劫后到警局报警，并让邻居安东尼帮忙写一个通告，以便目击者可以提供更多关于劫匪的信息本文便是安东尼所写的张贴在街区布告栏的通告细节理解题根据文中中的可知，
1.D BriefDetails“He toldme togive himmy walletandgold necklace.”Miss Clarice被抢劫了钱包和金项链故选Choo D
2.D词义猜测题根据文中^He toldme togive himmywalletandgoldnecklace.Icomplied/可知，克拉丽斯按照劫匪的指示给了他自己的钱包和金项链意为“顺从，遵照故选complied D
3.B细节理解题根据文中^If anyonewitnessed...informationyouprovidewill bemosthelpful.v可知,这个通告能够让邻居们了解劫匪的样貌，并寻找目击者以提供更多的信息，从而帮助破案故选B细节理解题根据文中可知，有关
4.C“If anyonewitnessed the robbery,please contactMiss ClariceChoo at6234-
4455.”于劫匪的线索可以电话联系克拉丽斯故选C（）ADr.Mortimer showsHolmes a newspaper.Now,Mr Holmes.This newspaperistheDevon CountyChronicle ofMay14th.It hasa shortreport of the death of Sir Charles Baskerville.^^He reads,“On the night of the4th ofMay,Sir Charles（男管家）Baskerville goesout for a walkas usual.But hedoes notreturn.At twelveoclock his butler Barrymore,goes to look（痕for Sir Charles.Barrymore findsthe deadbody of Sir Charlesnear asmall gatewhich opensto the moor.There isno sign迹）（暴力）.of violenceSir Charlessclosest relativeis MrHenry.He livesin America.”“Thank you,“says Sherlock Holmes.Is thatall”Dr.Mortimer looksworried.Listen,Mr Holmes.I havegot asecretthat nobodyelse knows.Sir Charleswas myfriend and hewasvery worriedabout the Hound of the Baskervilles.He was afraidto walk on themoor at night.He wassure that there were strange noises on themoor atnight.（脚印）“When Barrymorethe butlerfinds Sir Charless body,he callsme toBaskerville Hall.There arefootprints on SirCharless body.^^“A mansora womans asksHolmes.Dr.Mortimer looksstrangely atus,and heanswers,6CMr Holmes,they arethe footprints of a giant hound!”
1.Whats on the newspaperA.A shortreport of the death ofSir Charles Baskerville.B.Sir CharlesBaskerville killsthe Hound ofthe Baskervilles.C.Sir CharlesBaskerville waskilled byhisbutler Barrymore.D.Sir CharlesBaskerville^butlerBarrymorewas dead on themoor.
2.Why wasSir CharlesBaskerville afraid to walkon themoor atnightA.Because heheard someone was deadon themoor.B.Because he didnt take theHoundofthe Baskervilles withhim.C.Because therewerestrangenoiseson themoor atnight.D.Because therewere manystrange footprints onthemoor.
3.What isonSirCharless bodyA.The footprintsof agiant man.B.The footprintsof agiant hound.C.The footprintsof BarrymoreD.The footprintsof a woman.
4.Which ofthe followingis TRUEaccording tothe passageA.SirCharlesBaskerville wasdeadonthe afternoonofthe4th ofMay.B.Barrymore findsthe deadbody ofSirCharlesnear asmall house.C.SirCharlesBaskerville goesout for a walkas usualonthenight ofthe4thofMay.D.The mysteryoftheHoundoftheBaskervilleswasnt solved.【答案】ACBC【解析】本文主要讲了查尔斯・巴斯克维尔爵士去世的原因以及调查结果
1.A细节理解题根据短文中的“This newspaperis...Sir CharlesBaskerville.”可知，这份报纸是一篇关于查尔斯・巴斯克维尔爵士之死的简短报道故选A细节理解题根据短文中的可知，他害怕晚上走在沼泽地上，因
2.C“He wasafraidtowalkon…onthemooratnight.”为他确信晚上沼泽地上有奇怪的声音故选C细节理解题根据短文中的（脚印）可矢口，查尔斯爵士的尸
3.B“There arefootprintson...footprintsof agianthound!”体上有一只巨大猎犬的脚印故选B细节理解题根据短文中的可知,
4.C Onthenightofthe4thofMay,SirCharlesBaskerville goesout for a walkas usual.”C项正确故选C
（九）（（摘录））An extractfrom adetective story•••That eveningHolmes againwore differentclothes,and alarge,black hat.But itwas not just theclothes that were different.He changedhis face,his hair—everything.He wasa differentman.We walkedtogether toSerpentine Avenue.Outside the house therewere a lotofpeople who were smoking,laughing andtalking.Holmes andI walkedup anddown in front ofthehouse.“You see,“said Holmesto me,I dontthink shewants hernew husbandtoseethe photo.But whereis itAt herbank No.Such awoman likesto keepimportant thingsherself.Tm sureits in her house.”“But the Kings mentried to find itJ I said.“Yes,but theydidnt knowwhere to look fbrit!”said Holmes.“But howwill you know”I asked.“Shell showme.Shell haveto.”Just thenIrenes taxiarrived.One ofthe menin thestreet ran to openthedoor,and thenanother manpushed him.Other menwerealso pushingand shouting,and afight began.Irene wasin themiddle ofit,but Holmesran tohelpher.Then suddenlyhe felltotheground,with bloodrunning downhis face.Irene hurried to herfront door,but shelookedback.How kindof himtohelpme!Is thepoor manhurt”shecalled.“Hes deadJ criedsome voices.“No,hes onlyhurt/9cried others.“Bring himinto the living roomJ she said.Some peoplecarried Holmesinto thehouse.I waitedoutside thewindow andwatched.I sawhow beautifulIrene was.ThenHolmes putup hishand,andIthrew the smoke-stick into the room.At once,the people in thestreet andin thehouse allbegan toshoutFire!”very loudly.The housewas fullof smoke.I walkedaway,and tenminutes laterHolmes cameto meetme.“Well done,Watson,he said.“Have yougot the photo”I asked.“I knowwhere it is.She showedme,“he answered.“But whydid sheshow you”“Its easy,he said,and laughed.You sawall thosepeoplein thestreetI paidthem tohelp us.It wasnta realfight andtheblood wasntreal.When peopleshouted Fire!”,awomanran tothe mostimportant thinginher house,her baby,her gold,or...aphoto.Irene rantofindher photowhich isin acupboard in thelivingroom.I sawit.But Idid nottake it.Tomorrow we will gotothe palaceand tellit totheKingfirst.And then wewillgo toher housewith theKing.Well govery early,before shegets up.The Kinghimself cantakethe photo from the cupboard.And thenwell go.”
1.At first,Holmes changedhis everythingin order to.A.hide his real looksB.take ataxi easilyC.make himsmarter D.catch Irenesattention
2.What can we know about thephotoA.It waslocked atIrenes bankand nobodyknew.B.It wasimportant andhidden somewherecarefully.C.The Kingput itin thepalaces cupboardsecretly.D.The Kingasked Holmesto burnit atIrene9s home.
3.What isthe correctorder ofthe followingsentencesa.Holmes changedhis looks.b.Holmes helpedIrene.c.Watson threwthesmoke-stick.d.Irene rantothecupboard.A.a-b-c-d-eB.a-c-d-e-b C.e-a-b-c-dD.e-c-d-b-ae.Holmes paida lotof men.
4.The storyis mainlyaboutA.where Irenehid thephoto B.how Holmesfound thephotoC.why peoplefought for thephotoD.when theKing wantedthephoto【答案】ABCB【解析】本文讲述了福尔摩斯如何找到照片的故事细节理解题根据第一段一可
1.A“That evening...He changedhis face,his haireverything.He wasa differentman.”知，福尔摩斯改变他的一切是为了隐藏他的真实长相故选A推理判断题根据第三段中的和
2.B“Such awoman likesto keepimportant thingsherself.Tm sureits inherhouse.”最后一段中的可推断，照片很重要，被小心地藏起来了故选“awomanrantothe mostimportant thing...a photo”B推理判断题通读全文可知，”福尔摩斯雇了很多人”最先发生；然后是“福尔摩斯乔装打扮”；再然后
3.C是“福尔摩斯帮助艾琳；华生向屋内扔烟火筒；大家喊着‘失火啦艾琳奔向橱柜”，由此可知，是正e-a-b-c-d确顺序故选C主旨大意题通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了福尔摩斯如何找到照片的故事故选
4.B B
（十）It wasa coldwinter nightwhen the policeofficersMr.Lee andMr.Smith werewalking backtothe police station.Theysaw arobber attacking anold woman onthe road.Mr.Lee andMr.Smith ranover tothe robberat once.The robber saw them and ran away as fast as hecould.Mr.Lee andMr.Smith followed him for a long distance until therobber rushed into an underground station.Mr.Lee andMr.Smith ran intothe station andtried tofind him.It was quitedark outsidethat nightand theycouldnt seethe robberclearly.But theyremembered what his bodyshape waslike.When theywent in,they sawsix menin thestation.All ofthem hadthe similarbuild asthe robber.Mr.Lee lookedatthem carefully,one byone.（争辩）The firstman wasarguing with anunderground station worker.He seemedto bevery upset.The secondone waswatching thefight betweenthe firstman andthe worker.It seemedthathewasquiteinterested init.The thirdone wasrunning towarm himselfup,as itwas coldin thestation.The fourthone wasquietly readinganewspaper.His facewas hiddenbehind thenewspaper.The fifthone waswearing abig coat,sitting ona benchquietly.The sixthonewaswaiting forthe underground.He lookedathiswatch severaltimes.He seemedto bein ahurry.Mr.Lee finallyfound outwho wasthe robber.He whisperedto Mr.Smith,nLook!The robberwanted tocover uphis（气喘吁吁）panting by doing this.”1As soonas Mr.Lee andMr.Smith sawthe robberattackinganoldwoman,they.A.hurriedtocatch therobber B.ranintothe policestationC.warned thethief tostop at once D.rushed intothe undergroundstation2The robber rushedintothe undergroundstation to.A.rob thepassengers B.argue withothersC.fight againstthe workerD.run awaywithout beingarrested3Who wastherobberaccording toMr.LeeA.The secondman.B.The thirdman.C.The fifthman.D.The sixthman.4Whats the best titleforthearticleA.An UnluckySuspect B.A BraveWomanC.A CarefullyPlanned RobberyD.Two WisePolicemen【答案】【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了警官智擒善于掩饰的抢劫犯的故事细节理解题根据第一段中的可知，两人看见了老妇1A Mr.Lee andMr.Smith ranover totherobberatonce”人被抢劫犯袭击，就立即去追抢劫犯了推理判断题根据第二段中的2D The robbersawthemandranawayasfastashecould.Mr.Lee andMr.Smith可知，抢劫犯跑进地铁站是为了followedhimforalongdistanceuntiltherobberrushedinto anundergroundstation逃避追捕推理判断题根据最后一段中的（气喘吁吁）3B Look!Therobberwanted tocover uphis pantingbydoingthis”可知，抢劫犯正在做某个动作来掩饰自己的气喘吁吁，而第三个人正在跑步取暖，恰好可以以此掩饰自己的气喘吁吁，因此第三个人是抢劫犯标题归纳题通读全文可知，本文讲述了两名警官智擒善于掩饰的抢劫犯的故事因此最佳标题为4D TwoWisePolicemen*o思维素养提升I Task1本节课属于人与社会主题下的主题群“历史、社会与文化”，子话题为“公共秩序与法律法规，个人信息安全与国家安全意识主要是让学生学写侦探故事，培养学生写作的能力教育学生遵纪守法，不做违法的事该板块的活动主题是“创作我的推理故事”，话题是“如何编写一则侦探小故事”i Task2假设你叫李华，昨天晚上你看完电影在回家途中目击了一起抢劫案.请就以下信息，以李华的名义写一份给警方的书面材料，要求词数左右.材料的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数.100案发时间昨天晚上大约九点案发地点电影院附近的一条街道拐角处作案人情况两个男子，一个戴着墨镜的高个子，一个矮个子受害人情况一位年轻的女士，戴着一条金项链和一块金手表你正在街道上走着，突然听到身后有人呼救.你看到两个男子正抢劫一名女子.女子和他们进案发经过行了激烈的搏斗.当你赶到时，两个劫匪已各自骑着自行车逃跑.女子的金表被抢走了，但幸运的是女子没有受伤.Dear Sir/MadamIm writingto reporta robberyto you.I hopethe informationwill helpyou catchthe robbers.Yours faithfullyLi Hua.【满分作文】Dear Sir/MadamIm writingto reporta robberyto you.At aboutnine lastnight,I was ontheway back home from the cinemawhensuddenly Iheard someonecrying forhelp frombehind.I turnedaround andfound a tall manwith apairofdark glassesanda shortman robbinga youngwoman at thestreetcorner nearthe cinema.The womanwore agoldnecklaceandagoldwatch.She putup agood fightwith them.I rantowards thembut whenI arrived,the tworobbers hadridden theirbikesaway.They robbedthe womanofhergold watch,but luckily,the womanwasnt hurt.I hopethe informationwill helpyou catchthe robbers.Yours faithfullyLiHua.There aremany reasonswhy detectivenovelsarepopular.They stimulateour curiosityand thinkingability.We areeagerto workwith thedetectives touncover thetruth.There arecountless outstandingdetective novelists.ArthurConanDoyles Sherlock Holmes seriesis renownedworldwide.In TheRed HeadedLeague*,Holmes infersthe truepurpose behindthe strangealliance byobserving detailssuch aswearand tearon mensknees.Agatha Christieis alsooutstanding.In MurderontheOrient Express,the detectivemustfigure outhow amurder occurredonatrain thatwas blockedby snow,given thelimited numberof suspects.When readingdetectivenovels,pay attentionto details.Every seeminglyinsignificant descriptioncan bea keyclue.Furthermore,do not be misledby thefalse tracesintentionally setby the author.Try tothink logicallylikeadetective inastory,and youwill fullyenjoy thecharm ofdetective fiction.侦探小说魅力与启示侦探小说极具吸引力他们通常呈现充满神秘的复杂情节例如，在一个经典的侦探故事中，一颗珍贵的钻石在一场盛大的派对上从一个上锁的房间里消失了这个房间只有一个入口，而且有人把守，没有强行进入的迹象这种情况给读者带来了一个令人兴奋的谜题侦探小说的发展有着悠久的历史埃德加•爱伦•坡被认为是先驱后来，阿瑟•柯南•道尔爵士的福尔摩斯系列使侦探小说广为人知阿加莎•克里斯蒂也贡献了许多优秀的作品侦探小说受欢迎的原因有很多它们激发了我们的好奇心和思考能力我们渴望与侦探合作，揭开真相杰出的侦探小说家数不胜数阿瑟•柯南•道尔的福尔摩斯系列享誉全球在《红发联盟》中，福尔摩斯通过观察男人膝盖上的磨损等细节，推断出奇怪联盟背后的真正目的阿加莎•克里斯蒂也很出色在《东方快车谋杀案》中，鉴于嫌疑人数量有限，侦探必须弄清楚谋杀案是如何发生在被雪封锁的火车上的阅读侦探小说时，要注意细节每一个看似无关紧要的描述都可能是一个关键线索此外，不要被作者故意设置的虚假痕迹所误导试着像故事中的侦探一样进行逻辑思考，你会充分享受侦探小说的魅力综合实战演练
（一）（指纹）Before thediscovery ofDNA informationinthe1980s,fingerprints werethe easiest way to solve seriouscrimes.Ifs believedthat eachone ofus hasour ownfingerprints.But doyouknowthat ourfingerprints can show alotabout usAccording to TheConversation,fingerprints canshow lifestyle and environment,eating habits,possible medicalproblems and eventhe jobof a person.So howcanwework allthis outfrom just a simplefingerprintWell,a fingerprintis formedwhen afinger touchesa surface.Most fingerprints cant beseen tothe eyeand requireachemical developmentprocess inorderto make themshown.Stuck betweenthe raised lines ofa fingerprintare things thatcan tell a story about whowe are.Things likesweat,blood andfood show alotof informationabout us.Besides,its usecould bemuch wider.For example,it maybe helpfulinthefuture to doctors treatingtheir patients.Afingeiprint check may also tell a doctor whether a patient is properly having a medicine.In thetreatment ofsome ofthemost seriousillnesses,having propermedicine isimportant.In thefuture,fingerprint sciencecan be used bythepoliceand helpdoctors keepus inthe bestpossible health.
1.What canwe learnfrom Paragraph1A.DNA can beusedto solve serious crimes.B.Fingerprints mayshow everythingabout us.C.We didnt begin to use fingerprints until1980s.D.Fingerprints arenow the easiest wayto solvecrimes.
2.Fingerprints maynot showa persons.A.Lifestyle B.looks C.eating habitsD.medical problems
3.What canmake a fingerprint tella storyabout usA.The chemicaldevelopment.B.A fingertouching asurface.C.The factthat itcan beseen clearly.D.The thingsstuck betweenraisedlines.
4.According tothe passage,doctors mayknowabouta patient just through.A.a physicalexam B.a blood testC.a fingerprintcheck D.a health check
5.What willthe fingerprintsfuture usebe likeA.It willbe morewidely used.B.It willnot beproperly used.C.It willbe better than DNA.D.It willnot bevery helpful.【答案】ABDCA【解析】在世纪年代发现信息之前，指纹是解决严重犯罪的最简单方法，并且指纹能显示我们很2080DNA多方面的信息，比如生活方式、饮食习惯、健康问题等止匕外，指纹的用途可能会更广泛，未来能被警方使用，还能帮助医生让我们保持最佳健康状态第一段提到（指纹）
1.A“Before thediscovery ofDNA informationinthe1980s,fingerprints weretheeasiestwayto（在世纪年代发现信息之前，指纹是解决严重犯罪的最简单方法）,这就暗示solveseriouscrimes.2080DNA了现在DNA可以被用来解决严重犯罪，A选项正确B选项uFingerprints mayshow everythingabout us.（指纹可能显示我们的一切）过于绝对，原文是（指纹能显示很多关于我们的信息）;fingerprintscanshowalot aboutus C选项uWe didn*tbegintousefingerprintsuntil1980s.”（我们直到20世纪80年代才开始使用指纹）错误，文中只是说在世纪年代发现信息之前指纹是解决严重犯罪的最简单方法，并没有说年代才开始使用指2080DNA80纹;D选项Fingerprints arenow theeasiestwayto solvecrimes.,,（指纹现在是解决犯罪的最简单方法）错误，现在有了信息，指纹不是最简单的方法了DNA
2.B根据第二段u fingerprintscanshowlifestyleandenvironment,eating habits,possible medicalproblemsand even（指纹可以显示生活方式、环境、饮食习惯、可能的健康问题甚至一个人的工作）,这里没有thejob ofaperson.提到外貌（）所以指纹可能不会显示一个人的外貌，选项正确looks,B根据第四段
3.D“Stuck betweenthe raisedlines ofa fingerprintare thingsthat cantellastoryaboutwhoweare.”（卡在指纹凸起线条之间的东西可以讲述我们是谁的故事），所以是卡在凸起线条之间的东西能让指纹讲述关于我们的故事，选项正确选项（化学显影）是让指纹显现的过程,不是让指纹D A“The chemicaldevelopment.讲述故事的原因；选项（手指触摸表面）是指纹形成的方式，不是讲述故事的原B“A fingertouching asurface.因；选项（它能被清楚看到的事实）不是让指纹讲述故事的原因C“Thefactthatitcanbeseenclearly.根据第五段（指纹
4.C“A fingerprintcheckmayalsotelladoctorwhetherapatientisproperlyhavingamedicine.”检查也可以告诉医生病人是否正确服药），所以医生可以通过指纹检查（）了解病人，选项正afingerprintcheck C确A选项“a physicalexam”（身体检查）、B选项u abloodtest,,（血液测试）、D选项u ahealthcheck”（健康检查）在文中都没有提及与医生通过指纹了解病人相关的内容根据最后——段
5.A“In thefuture,fingerprint sciencecanbeused bythepoliceand helpdoctors keepus inthebest（在未来，指纹科学可以被警方使用，也可以帮助医生让我们保持最佳健康状态），这表明指纹possible health.在未来会被更广泛地使用，选项正确选项（它不会被正确使用）、选项A B“It willnot beproperly used.C“It（它会比更好）、选项（它不会很有帮助）都与原willbebetterthanDNA.DNA D“It willnotbevery helpful.文不符
（二）（雪茄）In frontofastore aman stood,withanunlighted cigarin hismouth.As apoliceman walkedup tohim,the manspokeup quickly.（约定）“Its allright,sir,hesaid.Im justwaiting fbra friend.Its anappointment madetwenty years ago.Soundsa littlefunny toyou,doesnt itWell,Ill explainif youwant toknow.About thatlong agothere usedto bea restaurantwherethis storestands.”“Until fiveyearsagoJ said the policeman.It waspulled downthen.（划火柴）The manstruck amatch andlit hiscigar.The lightshowed his appearance.“Twenty yearsago tonight,“said the man,“I haddinner herewith mybest friendJimmy Wells.He andI grewup herein New York,just liketwo brothers.I waseighteen andJimmy wastwenty.The nextmorning I was tostart forthe Westtomake money.We agreedthat nightthatwewould meethere againexactly twenty years fromthat dateand time.I knowJimmywill meetme here if hesalive,fbr healways wasthe truestfriend inthe world.Hell neverforget.I camea thousandmilesto standhere tonight,and itsworth itif myold friendshows up.”They talkedforawhile andthen saidgoodbye toeachother.About twentyminutes later,atall man wentstraight tothe waiting man.“Is thatyou,Bob”he asked.“Is thatyou,Jimmy Wells”cried thewaitingman.“Its Bob.Iwascertain Idfind youhereif you werestill alive”They talkedwith eachother excitedlyand wenttolook foraplace tohave along talkabout oldtimes.At thecornerstood acoffee shopwhich wasbright.They lookedat eachothers facewhen theycame intothe shop.The manfrom the West stoppedsuddenly.“Youre notJimmy Wells,“he shouted.Twenty yearsisalong time,but notlong enoughto changea mansappearancecompletely.”（逮捕）“It sometimeschanges agood maninto abad one,“saidthetallman.Youve beenunder arrestfor tenminutes,thepolicein Chicagothink youmay comehere andask usto arrestyou.Now,before wego tothestationheres anote Iwasasked togive you.You mayread ithere.Its fromJimmy Wells.”The manfrom theWest beganto readthe note.“Bob:Iwasat theappointed placeon time.When youstruck thematch tolight yourcigar,I sawitwasthe faceof themanwanted inChicago.But I couldnt doit myself,soIwent aroundand gotanother policeman todothe job.Jimmy.”
1.What dothe underlinedwords“pulled down“in Paragraph3mean inChinese建立翻新空置拆除A.B.C.D.
2.Why didBob goto WesttwentyyearsagoA.Because hewanted tomake money.B.Because hehad anappointment witha friend.C.Because he didnt wantto bearrested.D.Because hewanted tomake friends.
3.Accordingtothepassage,which ofthe followingis trueA.Bob waitedfor Jimmyinfronta cake shop.B.Jimmy andBob usedto liveinthesame city.C.Jimmy forgotthe appointment.D.Bob knewthe firstpoliceman washis friendJimmy atfirst.
4.Who askedthe secondpolicemantoarrest BobA.A woman.B.A girl.C.The ownerofthecakeshop.D.Jimmy.
5.The end of storyshows that.A.Time waitfor noman B.A friendin needisafriend indeed（正义）（预测）.C.Justice canhardly bedone D.Life ishard topredict【答案】DABDD【解析】本文讲述两个分手年的朋友履行年前的约定，及年后在此相聚，但结局出人意料，202020Jimmy Wells巡警发现他的朋友原来是芝加哥通缉的罪犯，他不忍心逮捕朋友就让另外一名警察抓捕罪犯以另外一Jimmy种方式兑现了自己的诺言同时也没有忘记自己的使命和责任词义猜测题这里曾经是餐馆现在是商店可以推测餐馆被拆除答案选
1.D.细节理解题从.知答案选2The nextmorning Iwas tostart fortheWesttomakemoney A.细节理解题从知正确3He andI grewup hereinNewYork,just liketwo brothers.KT B从最后叙述可知鲍勃我准时到了指定的地点当你划火柴点燃雪茄时，我看到那是芝加哥通缉犯的脸
4.D但我自己做不到，所以我找另一名警察来做这项工作故答案选D主旨大意题从这篇文章来看年前的好朋友，年后的约会成了警察抓捕的罪犯真是世事难料因
5.D2020此答案选D
（三）（才□罪）.SherlockHolmeswas greatat solving crimes Nocrime wastoo strangeor]for himtosolve.He couldtakeone look atacrime sceneand knowwhathappened.He usedhis sharp eyes tolook forand look at the2details.He directedthatlookatthe crimescene aswell aseverybody andeverything.Then,he usedhis knowledgeand evensharper mind to3the answer.Holmes neverguessed.He alsoused sciencetohelphim collectand examinehard evidence,suchas4from peoplesfeet andfingers.Thatwasnt commonforthe1800s.However,the vastmajority ofpolice stationsaround theworld stilluse SherlockHolmes95of handlingcases.We cantmention SherlockHolmes withoutalso6Dr.John H.Watson.He wasa retiredarmy officer,andhe7therooms andthe rent at221B BakerStreel withHolmes.Over time,Watson becamemore thanjustaflat mateto Holmes.In fact,he playedan importantrole——he wasHolmesspartner insolvingcrimes.They workedwell together,and Holmes8Watsons helpand friendship.solved each crime.After that,he wrote9the aboutthem.He didthat becausehe didntwant thepolice totake alladvantagesof Holmesswork.So,we should10thank Dr.Watson forbringing us SherlockHolmes.We alsowouldnt knowmuch aboutHolmes withoutWatson.The doctorrecorded howthe privatedetective
1.A.humorous B.difficult C.lifeless D.silly
2.A.brightest B.safest C.smallest D.clearest
3.A.copy downB.care forC.find outD.result in
4.A.smells B.shoes C.colors D.prints
5.A.experiences B.stories C.methods D.dreams
6.A.talking aboutB.asking forC.dealing withD.agreeing with
7.A.compared B.shared C.mixed D.connected
8.A.depended onB.applied forC.gave upD.turned down
9.A.posters B.notices C.advertisements D.stories
10.A.carefully B.really C.hopefully D.luckily【答案】l.B
2.C
3.C
4.D
5.C
6.A
7.B
8.A
9.D
10.B【导语】本文主要介绍了夏洛克・福尔摩斯以及华生医生句意对他来说，没有什么案子是太奇怪或太难侦破的
1.幽默的；困难的；无生命的；愚蠢的根据humorous difficultlifeless sillySherlockHolmeswas greatat solvingcrimes（犯罪）.”可知，对于福尔摩斯来说破案并不难，故选B句意他用锐利的眼睛去寻找和观察最小的细节
2.最明亮的；最安全的；最小的；最清楚的根据结合常识可知,破案要brightest safestsmallest clearest“sharpeyes”注意最小的细节，故选C句意然后，他用他的知识和更敏锐的头脑找到了答案
3.抄下来；关心；发现；导致根据copy downcare forfind outresult in“Then,he usedhis knowledgeandevensharper可知，是指发现案件的答案，故选mindto...the answe”Co句意他还利用科学来帮助他收集和检查确凿的证据，比如人们脚上和手指上的指纹
4.气味；鞋子；颜色；指纹根据可知，是指手脚的指纹，故选smells shoescolors prints“feet andfingers”D句意然而，世界上绝大多数警察局仍然使用夏洛克福尔摩斯的方法来处理案件
5.♦经历；故事；方法；梦想根据experiences storiesmethods dreamspolice stationsaround theworld stilluse Sherlock可知，是指现在很多警察局仍然使用福尔摩斯的方法来处理案件故选Holmes.of handlingcases.”Co
6.句意提到夏洛克・福尔摩斯，我们就不能不提到约翰・H・华生医生谈论；请求；处理；同意根据talking aboutasking fordealing withagreeing with“We cantmention SherlockHolmes可知，提到了福尔摩斯，就耍谈论到华生医生，故选without”A句意他是一名退休军官，他和福尔摩斯一起住在贝克街号号
7.B221比较；分享；混合；连接根据compared sharedmixed connected“the roomsandtherentat221B BakerStreel with.”可知，他和福尔摩斯分享房间，故选Holmes B句意他们合作得很好，福尔摩斯依靠华生的帮助和友谊
8.依靠；申请；放弃；拒绝根据结合选depended onapplied forgave upturned downWatsorfs helpand friendship.”项可知，应该是依靠华生的帮助和友谊故选A句意在那之后，他写了关于它们的故事
9.海报；布告；广告;故事根据posters noticesadvertisements stories“We alsowouldnt knowmuch aboutHolmes without.”可知，华生医生写下了福尔摩斯破案的Watson.The doctorrecorded howthe privatedetective solvedeachcrime故事，故选D
10.句意所以，我们真的应该感谢华生医生给我们带来了夏洛克・福尔摩斯认真地；真正；有希望地；幸运地根据carefully reallyhopefully luckilywe should...thank Dr.Watson forbringing结合可usSherlockHolmes.”He didthat becausehedidntwant thepolice totake all the advantagesof Holmesswork.知，我们真的应该感谢华生医生，因为没有他，我们不可能知道福尔摩斯的破案过程，故选B四Have youever wonderedhow we know thethingsthatwe knowHow dowe know,for example,that thestars are reallyhuge ballsof firelike theSun andvery faraway Andhow doweknowthat the Earth isa smallerball turninground oneofthose stars,the SunThekey tothese questionsis evidence”,which meansthe facts,signs orobjects thatmake you believe something istrue.实际上Sometimes evidencemeans actuallyseeing orhearing,feeling,smelling...that somethingis true.Astronautshave travelledfar enoughfromtheEarth tosee with their owneyes that it is round.Sometimes oureyes needhelp.The望远镜evening star^looks likebright twinkleinthesky,but witha telescopeyoucansee thatit isa beautifulball.Something thatyou learnby directseeing orhearing orfeeling...is calledan observation.Often evidence isnt justobservation onits own,but observationalways hidesattheback ofit.If theresbeen amurder,often nobodyexcept the murderer andthe deadperson!actually observedit.But detectivescan gathertogetherlots ofother observationswhich mayall pointtowards thesuspect.If apersons fingerprintsmatch thosefound onaknife,this isevidence thathe touchedit.It doesntprove thathedidthemurder,but itcan helpwhen itsjoined upwithlots ofother evidence.（预加）Prediction Uhelps tolookfor evidence.Scientists makea guessabout whatmight betrue.For example,if theworld is really round,we canpredict thatany ofus,going onand oninthesame direction,should eventuaHyfind ourselvesback where we started.People sometimessay thatyou mustbelieve infeelings deepinside,but notalltheinside feelingsarerealevidence.What canwe doabout allthis Whensomebody tellsyou somethingthat soundspossible,think toyourself:Is thereanyevidence fbrthat”And,next timesomebody tellsyou thatsomethingistrue,why notsay tothem:What kindof evidenceisthere fbrthat”Remember,always thinkcarefully beforeyoubelievea word.
1.Which ofthefollowingis TRUEaccording tothe passageA.What yousee directlyisrealevidence.B.Prediction helpsto provesomething ifitistrueC.people shouldalways believetheir insidefeelings.D.Astronauts findtheEarthisroundwithatelescopeA.To explainwhat theprediction is.B.To tellwhat observationis called.C.To introducehow detectiveswork.D.To proveevidenceisnotjustobservation
2.Why doesthe writeruse theexample ofadetectivein Paragraph4A.finally B.probably C.completely D.luckily
3.The underlinedword“eventually“in Paragraph5means
4.Whats thebest titleofthepassageA.Evidence speaksB.Scientists makepredictionsC.Inside feelingshelpgetideas D.Observation offersthe facts【答案】l.B
2.D
3.A
4.A【分析】本文是一篇议论文主要介绍了如何通过观察来寻找证据，在短文中介绍了几个寻找证据的方法细节理解题根据可知，
1.Prediction helpstolookforevidence.Scientists makea guessabout whatmight betrue.预测有助于寻找证据，由此用证据来证明你的预测是否正确”故选B推理判」断题根据
2.“Often evidenceisn*tjustobservation onits own,but observationalways hidesattheback ofit.”可知，通常证据不只是观察本身，而是观察隐藏在它背后的真相再由句子（侦探）“But detectivescan gathertogether（嫌疑犯）,”可知,侦探们可以收集很多其他的观lots ofother observationswhich mayall pointtowards thesuspect察结果，这些观察结果可能都指向嫌疑犯可知，作者在第段中使用侦探的例子就是为了证明证据不只是观4察但可以通过观察，寻找证据故选D词义猜测题根据
3.For example,if theworldisreallyround,wecanpredict thatanyofus,going onand oninthesame可知，如果世界真的是圆的，在同一个方向上继续direction,should eventuallyfind ourselvesbackwherewestarted”前进，最终应该回到起点故选A最佳标题题本文主要介绍了如何通过观察来寻找证据故选
4.A
（五）One dayKavya andI wereplaying witha ballandthe ball wentinto amans house.Though wewere scared,we wenttohishouse andasked himif hecould giveus ourball.He said,No”.We felthelpless.Suddenly,I hadan idea.There wasa water tank behindthe manshouse.I lookedatitand toldKavya,“Kavya,lookatthis.We canclimb the water tank and jump over the gate.”Kavya agreed,but wewere bothwearing skirts.We couldntclimb inskirts.“It doesntmatter.We canget itback tomorrow.Dont forgetto wearpants Jsaid Kavya.“Bye JI saidand wentbackhome.The nextday IwenttoKavyas houseearly.We werebothwearing pants.“Best ofluck,“said Kavyasbrother Vijay.He kneweverything.He said,Shout loudlyifyouneed me.^^We wenttothewatertank.“Who willclimb first”asked Kavya.“You JIsaid.She agreed.She climbeddown intothe manshouse.I followedherandthenwewere lookingunder abed forthe ballwhen wehearda noise.It wasVijay.Mother iscalling you,“he whispered.We hurriedand tookoutthelost ball.But alongwiththeball wasa...gold bar!We quicklytook boththeballand thegoldbar andwent away.When wereached Kavyashouse,the TVwason.It wasnews time.Icouldntbelieve myears whenit saidthat20gold barswere stolenfrom agold shop.They showeda pictureofthe goldbars andthey wereexactly likethe onewehadfound.We allknew itbecause therewasalook ofsurprise oneveryonesface.We quicklytoldthestorytoKavyas motherand shecalled thepolice.
1.How didthey feelwhen theball wasinthemans houseA.Excited.B.Angry.C.Scared.D.Satisfied.
2.Why couldntthey climbthewatertankandjumpoverthegateat firstA.They felthelpless.B.They werewearing skirts.C.The watertank wasdangerous.D.They werewearingpants.
3.What canwe tellfromtheendofthe storyA.The policecame atonce andcaught theman.B.The policefound therest ofthegoldbars inanother family.C.Kavya andtheauthoreach gota giftfromthepolice.D.The policedidnt catchthemanafter theylearned aboutthe matter.
4.Which canbe thebest titleA.The LostGold BarB.The LostBallC.The HelpfulMother D.The BadMan【答案】CBAB【解析】和“我”的球掉进了一个男人的房子里，男人拒绝归还我们打算从他家后面的水箱翻墙Kavya。
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