还剩21页未读，继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览，全部文档请下载后查看！喜欢就下载吧，查找使用更方便
文本内容:
阅读四选一训练之科普知识类05（2023・江西・统考中考真题）A BrightIdea（煤油Evans Wadongowas froma villageof Africa.He hadto dohomework by the lightof akerosene lamp灯）.Evans,eyes hurtand this made studyingdifficult.It wascommon inhis village.Many childrenleft schoolfor thisreason,so theyremained poorfor therest of theirlives.Although studyingwas difficult,Evans was an excellentstudent and went toauniversity.He continued to worryabout thekerosene lamp.By thistime,he realizedit wasnot justbad forschoolchildrenbut for the wholefamily.First,it can cause illnessessuch ascoughs.Also,the lightcan hurtpeoples eyes.Besides,it canlead tofires.Lastly,kerosene isexpensive,so familieshave lessmoney forfood.It wasdifficult tocome upwith a differentkind oflamp thatwas cheapand goodfor the environment.Yet Evansdid notgive up.（太阳能的）One day,he hadan idea.He coulduse a small solarlight.Sunlight isfree andsolar poweris goodforthe environment.Evans builthis firstsolar lamp,and itworked.He beganto buildmore lampsand sent them tolocalfamilies.An organizationheard aboutthis andprovided moneyfor himto buildmore solar lamps.Each lamponly cost$
20.However,this was a lot of money to manyvillagers,who onlyearned around$34a week,soEvans madesure hekept thecost down.First,Evans usedrecycled materials.Next,volunteers builtthe lamps.Finally,people from many countriesgave awaymoneytohis team,so thelamps wereusually free.Thousands ofpeople hadsafe light.Julia,a motherof three,said,Thanks toEvans,my childrenhave lightto read,and Ihave myown lightto cook.The solarlamps madea bigdifference.
1.What doesthe underlined word thisin Paragraph1refer toA.Leaving school.B.Doing homework.C.Having eyeproblems.D.Having abright idea.
2.How manyproblems aboutkerosene lampsare mentionedaccording to Paragraph2A.
6.B.
5.C.
4.D.
3.
3..Put the following informationinto correctorder according to the passage.a.Evans wentto auniversity,b.Thousands ofpeople hadsafe light.China saysthat oneday,foreign astronautswill alsobe able to visitTiangong.Tiangong spacestation isexpected tolast10to15years.Though the Mengtian modulecompletes the station,Chinacould addmore modulesin the future.Chinas spaceprogram hasgrown greatlyin recentyears with a seriesof successes.In2020,for example,its Change5probe returnedto the earth carryingmoon rocks.Those werethe firstmoon samplesbrought to the earthsince the1970s.
1.The meaningof the underlined word“launched“in the first paragraphis theclosest to“
2.Which moduleis theastronauts9living areainA.Tianhe.B.Wentian.C.Mengtian.D.It is not mentioned.A.sent upB.landed C.taken offD.set up
3.When wasChinas largestspacecraft launchedA.In
2020.B.In April
2021.C.In July
2022.D.On November1st,
2022.
4.Which of the followingstatements isTRUEA.No moremodules can be docked with Tiangongin the future.B.Change5probe broughtmoon rocksback to the earthin
2020.C.China createdTiangong spacestation togetherwith EuropeanSpace Agency.D.Chinese astronautscant userobotic arms to run experiments from inside Tiangong.（2023・重庆•统考中考真题）（松鼠）Squirrels arecute andinteresting animalsthat canbe found in manyparts of the world.They areknown fortheirlong tails,big teeth,and theability toclimb trees.They canjump up to6meters inheight,and theycan runup to32kilometers everyhour.Squirrels havesoft bodies.Their eyesare highon theirsmall headsand areplaced oneach sideso theycan seewideand farwithout havingto turnaround.This oftenhelps themget out of danger.Squirrels havefour bigteeth in the frontof theirmouth thatkeep growingall through their lives.They areknown for（坚果）,their loveof nutsand theycan eatas muchfood as their bodyweight eachweek.They willoften keepnuts in theground forthe longwinter months.Many peoplethink that squirrels onlyeat nuts,but thisisnttrue.They also like to eat plants,fruits,eggs,small animalsand evenyoung snakes.One funnything is thatsquirrelsare goodat plantingtrees.They hidethe fruitsof oaktrees,but oftenforget wheretheyput them.In theend,the forgottenfruits becomebig trees.A.6meters.B.6kilometers.C.32meters.D.32kilometers.
2.What dosquirrels haveA.Short tails.B.Big teeth.C.Cold bodies.D.Big heads.
3..Why dosquirrels keepnuts in the groundA.To eatin winter.B.To planttrees.C.To losesome weight.D.To havefun.
4.In whichpart of a magazinecan youprobably readthis passageA.Art.B・Sports.C.Animals.D.History.
1.How highcan squirrelsjump（2023・四川德阳・统考中考真题）In thenear future,the doctorswho treatour illnessmight betiny machinesthat swimthrough ourbodies.Some（细胞）.movies haveplayed with the idea of makingmachines thesize of a cellToday robottechnology hasbrought theideacloser to the reallife.In mylaboratory,Im justtrying tobuild suchintelligent,or smart,tiny robots.（细菌），Tiny livingthings,such asbacteria havemany intelligentactions.If we can makerobots copysome of them,its veryexciting.The waybacteria travelacross theirenvironment isunbelievable.At first,they movearound without（氨基酸）,purpose,but when they startsensing food,like anamino acidthey willmove graduallyin thatdirection.As anexpert making robots,I thinkit isgreat to make tiny robots that can dothe samething.（大肠杆菌）.For example,look at something likeE.coli It can senseamino acidsaround it.It can change howitsmoving.It canrebuild orrepair itself.In fact,E.coli doesall theseso wellthat some researchers areusing itas part of theirtinymachines.They aremaking theirtiny robotsget freerides fromE.coli.And E.coli doesall thesensing fortiny robotsanddirects theirmovements.（导管）Were alreadyusing smallerand smallermedical tools,like cathetersthat cantravel deep into your brain to（血块）.treat ablood clotNext,we willput tiny robots intothe bodythat cantravel intoeven smallerspaces andtreatillness atan earlytime.Imagine atiny robotthatcantreat ablood clotdeepinyourbrainthat cantbe reachedwith thecatheterswe areusing today.We maynot actuallyneed somethingas powerfulas artificialintelligence AIin thesecases.We canstill builda veryusefultinyrobotwith alow degreeof intelligence.For example,if atinyrobotnotices ablood clot,it canslowly moveinthat direction,and carrymedicine directlyto thatpart.It might only havethe intelligenceof bacteriabut couldstill work.
1.What canwe learnabout the writerA.The writeris amiddle schoolteacher.B.The writeris adentist froma hospital.C.The writeris anexpert makingrobots.D.The writeris anexpertmakingmedicine.
2.What aresomeresearchersdoing according toParagraph3A.Using tiny robots tosense E.coli.B・Letting E.coli workfor theirtinyrobots.C.Changing tinyrobots intoE.colis drivers.D.Telling tinyrobots todirect E.colis movements.
3.What doesthe writerthink of the catheterstodayA.They will be widelyused bydoctors in thefuture.B,They arenot able to get to tinierareas in the body.C.They willbe smarterthan tinyrobots in thefuture.D.They canhelp doctorstake care of patientson time.
4.Whafs the last paragraph mainly aboutA.AI playsan importantrole indeveloping tinyrobots.B,Tiny robots can runfast andtreat ablood cloteasily.C.Tiny robots withalow degreeof intelligenceare stilluseful.D.We stillneed verypowerful artificialintelligence totreat illness.•湖北随州•统考中考真题2023You arealways toldto wash your handsbefore youeat.You knowyou mustwash your hands aftergoing tothebathroom.You shouldwash your hands manytimes during the day.Do you know howto wash your handscorrectly（水龙头）（摩Always usesoap to wash your hands.After turningon thetap and wetting your hands,you canrub擦）件田菌），your handswith soap.Soap maynot killall the germs butit canwash away the oilon yourskin.As theoilis washedaway,thegermswill leaveyour handsand goaway.（长度）You shouldwashyourhands for15-20seconds.How doyouknowthe lengthof15-20seconds You can singABC Song.By the time yougettothe lastnote,yourhandswillbeclean!Rub yourhands together.Youcan use onehand to rub theback of the other hand and then exchangetwo hands.Youalso need to rubbetween yourfingers.Dont forgettorubunder and around your fingernails.Maybe yourhands dont look dirty,but there are germson them.Germs are too smallfor youto see.They are on yourhandsall thetime.Many illnessesare causedby germs,so youshould oftenwashyourhands.
1.Why doesthe writermention ABCSongA.Because it is themost popularsong in the world.B,Because everyonecan singthis songvery well.C.Because washinghands is as easyas singingABCSong.D.Because you can singthis songto knowthe lengthof washinghands.
2.The underlinedword notein Paragraph3means inChinese.音符注释笔记便条A.B.C.D.
3.Which of the followingis NOTmentioned in the passageA.Using soaptowashyourhands.（毛巾）B,Using aclean towelto dryyourhands.C.Washing yourhands for about20seconds.D.Rubbing underandaroundyourfingernails.
4.According tothe passage,you canknow.A.why youshould oftenwash handsB・what thebest soappeople usuallyuse isC.what kind of germs there areon yourhandsD.how manygermsthereareonyourhands
5.What doesthe passagemainly talkaboutA,How to stay healthy.B・How to protect yourfingers.C.How towash handscorrectly.D.How tokeep awayfrom germs.（2023•山东泰安・统考中考真题）（核雕继承人）Many peoplemay throwawaythepits insidefruits aftereating them,but inheritors of nut carvinghave turnedthem intoartworks instead.Weifang nut carving goes back tothe QingDynasty.During thattime,an oldimperial craftsman（皇家手艺人）Wang Dayanspread the skill tothe localpeople in（桃核）Shandong Province.Craftsmen backthen oftenused peachpits toshow off their artisticskills.Because of the highlevel ofcarving skillsneeded,the traditionalculture andits richartistic theme,Weifang nut（国家非物质文化遗产）carving waslisted as a nationalintangible culturalheritage in
2008.“One nut,from
0.8to6centimeters long,canbemade intofan pendants,earrings,buttons,seals andso on,“said TanWanhai,48,an inheritorof Weifang nut carving.Tan hasstudied the artofnut carvingfor25years and has createdmanynut carvings.（橄However,the craftsmanalso said that bringingthis kindof artworkto lifeisnoteasy.Unlike somepits likeolive榄）pits whichhave a flat surface,each peachpit hasits ownspecialtexture（质地）likehuman fingerprints,“Tan said,adding,that,craftsmen haveto studyeach peachpit tocarefully planout theirartwork.Nut carvingcraftsmen also need tohave knowledgein manyareas.According toTan,they haveto masterskills inpainting,seal carvingand calligraphyfrommanytraditional cultures.Thanks totheir creativedesign andfresh ideas,Weifang nut carving artworkshave beenincreasingly welcomedbypeople in China.More peopleare learningtheartand haveeven becomeinheritors topass down the skillto youngpeople.“Now,the numberof inheritorsis about1,
000.But I believe itcould bebigger.More craftsmennow giveup thetradition of passing downthe skill onlythroughthefamily andopen ituptoanyone whois interestedin learningtheskill/9said Tan.
1.Weifangnutcarving waslisted asa nationalintangible culturalheritage becauseof.
①the highlevel ofcarving skillsneeded
②its richartistic theme
③the traditionalculture@the popularityaround the worldA.
①②③B.
②③④C.
①②④D.
①②③④
2.What doesthe fourthparagraph mainly tell usA.The culturalvalue ofnutcarving.B.The knowledgecraftsmen haveto master.C.The inheritorand hiscarving artworks.D.Difficulties craftsmenhave.
3.What canwe learnabout the passageA.Wei fangnutcarvinggoesbacktotheMing Dynasty.B,Tan thinksthere couldbe moreinheritorsofnutcarving.C.More craftsmennow giveup thetraditionofpassingdowntheskill.D.Each peachpit hasaflatsurface andits easyto carveon it.
4.What couldbe thebest titleforthe passageA.Tans NutCarving AchievementsB.Amazing Artworksin ChinaC,Carving Artworksoutof Nut D.The HistoryofNutCarving（2023・江苏无锡・统考中考真题）Pet parrots that areallowed to make video calls toother birdsshow signsof feelingless isolated,according toscientists.The study,which involvedgiving the birds a computer that they coulduse to make video calls,found that they begantoengage inmore socialbehaviors includingpreening,singing andplaying.The birdswere givena choiceof which“firiend“to callon atouchscreen computerand the study showedthattheparrotsthatcalled otherbirds most often werethemost popularchoices.Hyena Hirskyj-Douglas,oftheUniversity ofGlasgow andaco-author ofthe study,saidthatvideocallshad helpedmanypeople feelless isolatedin thelast fewyears.She added,There are20million parrotsliving inpeoples homesin the（受益）USA,and wewanted toexplore whetherthose birdsmight benefitfrom videocalling too.If wegave themthechance tocall otherparrots,would theychoose to do so,and wouldthe experiencebenefit theparrots and their caregivers,,Their studyof18pet parrotssuggested thatthere were,indeed,benefits forthe birds.In thewild,many speciesofparrots live in largegroups,but aspets theyare,kept aloneor in asmallgroup.Living alonecancausebirds,to developmentalproblems,which includerocking,walking backand forth,or self-harming behaviorssuch asfeather-plucking.The parrotsfirst learnedto ringa belland thentouch aphoto ofanother birdon thescreen ofa computerto makea calltothat bird,withthehelp oftheir owners.In totalthebirdsmade147calls to each otherduring the study,while ownerstookdetailed noteson thebirds behaviorand the researchers laterreviewed thevideo footage.Jennifer Cunhaof NortheasternUniversity saidthattheparrots seemedto know“that they were communicatingwithother birds.All thebird ownersin the study saidthey valuedthe experience,and wouldwant tocontinue usingthe systemwiththeir parrotsin thefliturej shesaid.“I wasquite surprisedatso many differentbehaviors,“said Hirskyj-Douglas.Some wouldsing,some wouldplayaround andgo upsidedown,others wouldwant toshow anotherbird theirtoys.A.if parrotscan learnto make videocallsC,B.if parrotscan benefitfrom videocallingwhy parrotscan havesomanybenefit
2.What D.why parrotscan developmental problemscanwe learnabout thepet parrotsA.Theirway to communicate issinging.C.The mostB.Most ofthem used to livein largegroups.popular onesmade mostcalls.D.They canmakevideocalls by themselves.
1.The mainpurpose ofthe studyis tofind out
3.Which wordhas theclosest meaningto“isolated”A.amazed B.calm C.scared D.lonely
4.The followingparagraph canbest goafter.Video callingcould reproducesome ofthe socialbenefits ofliving ina group,according toRebecca Kleinberger,ofNortheastern Universityand firstauthor ofthestudy.A.Paragraph1B.Paragraph2C.Paragraph3D.Paragraph4（2023・山东聊城・统考中考真题）（信天翁）Albatross isnot a kindof bird.It is a collectionofbirdfamilies.Some ofthem haveshort tails,some haveblackfeet andsome othershave largebodies andwings.There areat least12different kindsof albatrosses,and thelargestkind has
1.5-metre-long wings.（鲸鱼）Like othersea birds,albatrosses drinkseawater.They mainlylive onsquids andfish,and theysometimes（俯冲）follow shipstoeatrubbish.Besides,they mayalso dive into waterto catchtheir“seafood”.One kindof albatrosscan dive asdeep as
12.5metres.Albatrosses spendmost oftheir livesflying andcan reachfarawayplaces.They arealso abletostay in air in windy weather forhours.Some largealbatrosses havetroublekeeping inair whenthere isno wind,and thenthey wouldrest on the water.Most albatrosseslivein the Antarcticand theNorth Pacific,and you can findthem inShandong,Taiwan andotherseaside provincesof China.They give birth tobabies bylaying eggs.The mother albatross laysone eggeverytwo years.The eggis takencare ofby theparents in turn.Albatrosses arepopular seabirds buttheir populationis small.They arethe firstclass protectedbirds in China.We shouldtry ourbest toprotect them.
1.From Paragraph1we knowthatA.albatross isakindof birdB.all albatrosseshave blackfeetC.therearemany kindsof albatrossesD.the wingsof allalbatrosses are
1.5metres long
2.What doesParagraph2mainlytellus aboutalbatrossesA.Their foodand drink.B.Their habitof eatingrubbish.C.Their abilityto catchtheir“seafood”.D.Their skillsof followingships.
3.Albatrosses formostoftheir lives.A.swim in the seaB.fly in the airC.stay on the seasiderocks D.rest on the waterThemotheralbatrosscan do all the following thingsEXCEPT
4.A.diveintowater B.reach farawayplacesC.stayinairinwindyweatherD.givebirthto onebaby everyyear
5.Which ofthe followingis NOTtrueA.There area lotof albatrossesinChina.B.Some albatrossescandive
12.5metres.C.Both theparents take careoftheir egginturn.D.Albatrosses canprobably befoundinFujian Province.（2023・甘肃白银•统考中考真题）Pencils andPensNo oneknows whoinvented pencilsor whenit happened.A Swissdescribed a pencil ina bookin
1565.He said（）it wasa pieceof woodwith leadinside it.Lead isa veryheavy,soft,dark graymetaLPencils werentpopular,and peoplecontinuedtowrite withpens.They usedbird feathersaspens.（石墨）,Then,in1795,someone startedmaking pencilsfrom graphiteand theybecamevery popular.One pencilcan write50,000English wordsor makea line55kilometers long.People wrotewith featherpens andthen usedpens withmetal points.They hadto dip（蘸）the pointinto inkafter everyfew letters.Next,someone inventeda fountainpen thatcouldhold inkinside it.A fountainpen can write severalpages beforeyou haveto fillitagain.Two Hungarianbrothers,Ladislao andGeorg Biro,invented theballpoint pen.English ballpointpenpilots likedthe pens.They couldntwrite withfountain pensin airplanesbecause theinkleaked out.Later,a Frenchcompany calledBic boughtthe Biros company.Some peoplecall ballpointpens Bics.Australians call them Biros.Whatever weIbepen tsleaking.call them,we usethem every day.
1.A describedapencilin
1565.A.Canadian B.German C.Swiss D.Japanese
2.The firstpens were.A.feathers B.stone C-graphite D.wooden
3..One pencilcanwriteEnglish words.A.1,795B.50,000C.55D.1,
9434.Which ofthe followingis NOTtrueA.A fountainpen canhold inkinside it.B,Ballpoint penare goodfor writingin airplanes.C.Fountain pensmay leakink.D.Biroscompanybought Bic.
5.Whafs the main ideaof this passageA.We usepens andpencils everyday.B.There weremany kindsof pensbefore ballpointpens.C.Pens andpencils arevery usefulinventions.D.Pens wereinvented earlierthan pencils.（2023•山东潍坊・统考中考真题）Developed byUS companyOpenAI,ChatGPT hastaken the internet bystorm,winning100million userssince itcameout inNovember
2022.People canask therobot towrite storiesand emails,create instructionsfor cookinga certainfood,translate languages,and answerall kindsof questions.In itsown words,it is“a languagemodel trainedinalargeamount ofinternet textto helpusers gethuman-like text.^^Compared withSiri orother chatbots,ChatGPT usesa muchbigger informationcenter fortraining.It alsouses（软件）stronger softwareand hardwareto learnthings by itself.For example,if itprovides awrong answerto yourquestion,youcantell itthe rightone andit willcorrect itself.Its atotally differentchatbot,“computer scientistLiuXiaoguang fromNankai Universitytold TianjinDaily.The knowledgelevel ChatGPTshows isthe sameasauniversitystudent.Thats whyit shockedtheworld.”But onebig problemwith ChatGPT isthatit makesmistakes or even givesfalse information.When Rezza,a（论文），28-year-old fromIndonesia,used therobot towrite anessay itgave outmany exampleswhich otherwritersactually hadntmentioned at all”,he toldThe Guardian.Since therobot istrained usingwords from theinternet,it can also（偏见）pick upbiases aboutcertain groups.These areall thingsthat needto bedealt with.
1.Which canreplace the underlined partin Paragraph1A.Succeeded greatlyonline.B.Done harmtotheinternet.C.Brought strongwind andheavy rain.D.Caused seriouschanges ofthe weather.
2.Why didChatGPT shockthe worldA.It canfind mistakesbyitself.B.It worksdifferently fromother chatbots.C.Its informationcenter iseasier tocontrol thanSiris.D.Its knowledgelevel isas highasauniversity student.c.His firstsolarlampwas invented.d.Kerosene lampshurt Evanseyes.e.Recycled materialswere usedinthelamps.f.People frommany countriesgave awaymoney.A.d-a-c-e-f-b B.d-f-b-a-e-c C.a-d-f-e-c-b D.a-e-c-d-f-b
4.Why doesthewritergive Juliasexample in Paragraph5A.To shareJulias experience.B.To showEvans9influence.C.To describeEvans feelings.D.To introduceEvans9invention.
5.What isEvans like according tothepassageA.Polite,talented andhumorous.B.Quiet,smart andhonest.C.Humorous,clever andfriendly.D.Hard-working,loving andcreative.（2023・广东广州•统考中考真题）Computer scientistMary hasan ideafor anew robotto helpher workwith children.How shouldit lookThe robotshould have armsto beabletolift things.And ifitisgoing tocommunicate with people,it willalsoneeda face.Scientistsbelieve thatgiving a robot a face canmake itseem morefriendly.Humans wouldalsoliketo pay more attention to robotswith faces.But what kindFor Mary,she wantsto makesure thather newrobot doesntlook too much likea human.She wantspeople tojusttreat itasa machine-person.If itlooks morelikea human thanamachine,she thinksusers mightfind ita bitcreepy andfeelafraid.Mary alsobelieves thatrobot facesdont needto looka lotlike ours.Her researchshows thatwecanenjoycommunicating with robots whetheror notthey looklike humans,because ourbrains areableto look forfaces.Just puttwocircles ontop ofa robotsbody,and wewill see aface.Dave feelsdifferently.He believesthat althoughat firstwe mightbe afraidwhen seeinga robotwithalifelike face,we maysoon getused toit.If robotsare goingto workclosely withhumans,they shouldlook asmuch likeus as possible.After all,faces arean importantpart ofthe waywe communicate.（皮肤）To makehis robotslook asmuch likereal peopleaspossible,Dave inventeda specialskin fortheir faces.With thisskin,robotscanshow human-like expressionsand appearto beangry,sad,happy orsurprised.Daves robotsarealso programmedto copyexpressions.How Justimagine hisrobot islooking atyou.The camerasin itseyes sendpicturesof yourface toits centralcomputer!
3.What canwe learn from thelast paragraphA.Anybody canmake mistakes.B.Anybody maygive falseinformation.C.ChatGPT needsimprovement.D.ChatGPT cantget onwell withhumans.
4.What mightbe thebest titleofthetextA.ChatGPT isComing!C.ChatGPTisCatching the Worlds Eyes!C.Can ChatGPTTake thePlace ofHumans D.Can ChatGPTAvoid BiasesProperly
1.Why doscientists thinkarobotneeds afaceA.It willbecome morebeautiful.B.It can do betterin liftingthings.C.It willpaymoreattentiontochildren.D.Itcanbetter communicatewithpeople.
2.What doesthe underlinedword“creepy”mean inparagraph2A.Uncomfortable tolook at.B.Impossible totouch.C.Boring totalk to.D.Difficult tounderstand.
3.Which ofthefollowingwould Davemost probablyagree withA.People shouldtreat robotsas humans.B・Robots needto expresstheir ownfeelings.C.Robots shouldn*tlooktoomuchlike humans.D.People caneasily acceptrobotswithahumanface.
4.What isthe purposeofthepassageA.To explainthe reasonswhy robots shouldhavefaces.B.To suggestwhat humanscandowithrobotswithfaces.C.To shareideas onwhatkindof facesrobotsshouldhave.D.To showhow scientistsinvent robotswith differentfaces.（•江苏连云港•统考中考真题）2023Many ofus haveseen rainbowsinthe sky oncethe sunstarts shiningagain after itrains.For usto seea rainbow,the conditionsneedtobe justright.We needsome waterdropsintheair,like rainorevenfog,andwe need thesun tobe behindus andquite lowtothe ground.This isbecause a rainbow iscreated bylightpassing throughwater drops.The lightthat comesfrom thesun seemswhite to us.But the white lightwe seeismadeup ofa mix of different colors.When the light goes through araindrop,these colorscan separateout.Each ofthe colors inthe rainbow hasa different（波长）.“wavelength”Raindrops looklike little balls.When light hits oneof theselittle ballsof water,the lightcanchange（折射）.direction.We callthis refraction”Each ofthe differentwavelengths is refracted differently.If thelighthitstheraindrop atthe rightplace,the refractionseparates thewavelengths outinto theirdifferentcolors.We aretaught thereare sevencolors:red,orange,yellow,green,blue,indigo andviolet.But thisisnt exactlytrue.（）Blue andgreen arenext toeach other inthe rainbow,which iswhy wecan seeturquoise a mix ofblue andgreen.Brownis amixofred andgreen.But theyarent nexttoeachotherintherainbow,so wedont see them mixtomakebrown.We wouldnever seeblack andwhite inarainbow.Black iswhat we see whentheres nolight at all.On theotherhand,white isamixof all the colorstogether.When lightisrefractedby raindrops,it separatesthe whitelight out,meaning itisno longerwhite.
1.We canseearainbow underthe rightconditions because.A.the raindropsare likelittleballsB.thelightgoesthroughraindropsC.the sunshineseems tobe colorfulD.the weatheris foggyafteritrains
2.According tothepassage,what canwe knowabout the colors inthe rainbowA.They canbecome brownor black.B.There areonly sevencolorsin all.C.They mixtomakethewhitelight.D.Their ownplaces canbe changed.
3..Which partofamagazine maythispassagebe takenfromA.Science.B.Health.C.Culture.D.Fashion.
4.Whafs thebest titlefbr thepassageA.How arethe colorsreceived inthe rainbowB・When canthecolorsturn blueintherainbowC.Which colorsarent coveredwith lightintherainbowD.Why cantwe findwhite,black andbrown intherainbow（2023・河南•统考中考真题）According toKen Croswell,the Sun andthe Moon aredifferent.We oftenthink thatthe Sunrules the day andtheMoon rules the night.Thafs kindof right,but not totally.The Sunshines all thetime.It shines during theday when weseeit,and evenat nightwhenwedont.（自转）As the Earth turns,sometimes weface the Sun.Thafs whenwe getday.When the Earths spinturns usawayfrom the Sunandwe areinthe Earth9s shadow,we getnight.When peopleonthe opposite side ofthe Earthface theSun,those peoplehave daywhile wehave night.The Moonisadifferent story.Unlike theSun,it doesntmake itsown light.Moonlight isactually theSuns lightre（反射）fleeting the Moon backtous.The Sunlights uponly the side ofthe Moonthat facestheSun.At Full Moon,the Moonis onthe oppositeside oftheEarth from theSun.Then theside ofthe Moon facing the Earth isall litup.During FullMoon,the Moonrises aroundsunset,shines allnight,and setsaround sunrise.Since hemoonlight isso bright,youcansometimes seeit duringtheday,too.A fewdays beforeFullMoon,if you look eastintheafternoon,you mayseetheMoon inthesky.After FullMoon,youmay findit if youlookwest inthe morning.（轨道）The Moonis mostdifficult tosee atNew Moon,when itsorbit putsit betweenthe EarthandtheSun.Then,thesideoftheMoonfacingtheEarthis darkandwecant seetheMoonatall.
1.What canwe knowabout the SunA.The SunrulestheMoon.B,The Sunshinesduringboth dayand night.C.The Sunlights upallthesides oftheMoon.D.The Sunshines everywhereontheEarth atthe sametime.
2.Which ofthefollowinginthedictionary bestexplains theunderlinedwordshadow“in Paragraph3shadow n.
①the shapeoftheEarth
②the forcefromtheSun
③the darkarea ontheEarth@theoppositesideoftheSunA.
①B.
②C.
③D.@
3.What doesParagraph5mainly talkaboutA.How theMoon makesits light.B,Why thereis dayand nightontheEarth.C.Why theMoon canbe seenduringtheday.D.What thedifference isbetween FullMoon andNew Moon.
4.Which followingpicture showsus NewMoonA.B.C.（主题）
5..What isthe themeofthetextA.Culture.B.Science.C.Education.D.Technology.（2023・湖南株洲,统考中考真题）Take careof yourplants!They may“shout“ifyoutreat thembadly.Plants canmake soundswhentheyare stressed,accordingtoa recentstudy.Plants use sound tocommunicate withanimalsallthetime,so it would bevery inconvenientfor plantsnottousesoundatall/9Lilach Hadany,co-author（合著者）ofthestudy,told ScienceFocus.With thisin mind,theresearchteam startedby recordingplants sounds.They putsweet-pepper andtomato plantsin（超声波麦克风）soundproof boxesto shutoffthe noise intheenvironment.Several ultrasonicmicrophones werethen（千赫兹）.put nearthe plants,which canrecord between20and250kilohertz A human adulfs ear can hear about16kilohertz.There werethree groupsof plants:One groupwasnt wateredfor fivedays,another grouphad someparts cutoffand thelast groupwas untouched.The microphonescaught soundsfrom40to80kilohertz fromthe firsttwo groups.Thesound,which wassimilar tothenoiseof popcornpopping grewlouder andlouder duringthe fivedays ofwater stress.Theythen beganto becomeweaker andweaker asthe plantsdried out.A stressedplan produced the popping sound around30to50times perhour,while the untouched grouponly producedaroundonce perhour,accordingtothestudy.
1.Plants usetocommunicatewith animalsallthetime accordingtothestudy.A.sound B.smell C.light
2.What doestheunderlinedword soundproof9meanA.发出声音的B.隔离声音的C.吸收声音的
3..Ahumanadulfsearcanhearabout.A.16kilohertz B.20kilohertzC.250Kilohertz
4.According tothestudy,theuntouchedgroup ofthe plantsproducedthepoppingsoundaroundA.40to80times perhour B.30to60times perhour C.once perhour
5..What isthemainideaofthepassageA.Plants canmake sounds.B,How totakecareof yourplants.C.The teammade machine-learning applications.（•四川遂宁•中考真题）2023Some peoplebelieve thathumans couldlive onthe planetMars bythe year
2100.Our ownplanet,theEarth,isbecoming moreand morecrowded and polluted.It ishoped thatpeople couldstart allover againand builda betterworldon Mars.Here iswhat lifethere couldbe like.At present,our spacecraftaretooslow tocarry largenumbers ofpassengers to Mars-itwouldtake months.With thedevelopmentof technology,bytheyear2100,the journeymightonlytake about20minutes inspacecraft thattravel atthespeed oflight!However,the spacecraftwould travelreally fast,so thejourney toMars mightbe quiteuncomfortable.Many peoplewould feelill.Humans cantlive withoutwater,air orfood.So far,nobody knowswhether therewould be enough wateror air onMars forpeople.Moreover,scientists arenot surewhether plants could growon Mars.Food wouldmost probably be inthe（药片）form ofpills andwould notbe sotasty.Compared withlife onthe earth,life on Mars would be betterin someways.People wouldhave morespace.Theymight livein houseswith hugecomfortable rooms.Also,robots woulddoalotoftheir workso thatthey couldhave moretimeto relax.There wouldprobablybeno schoolson Mars.Every studentwould studyat onlineschools withe——teachers”.Life on Mars wouldbe interestingand challenging.However,it maytake hundredor yearstomakeit true.So themostimportant thingweneedtodonow is toprotectour beautifulblue planet-theEarth!
1.People wouldmove toMars because.A.the earthis crowdedandpollutedB.they wantto challengethemselvesC.flying toMars wouldbe funD.plantscouldgrow betterthere
2.The underlinedword spacecraft“means.A.Spaceships B.hot-air balloonsC.space stationsD.planes
3.What wouldthe flighttoMarsbe likebytheyear2100A.Fast andenjoyable.B.Fast butuncomfortable.C.Slow andboring.D.Slow butcomfortable.
4.What canwe learnfromthepassageA.There wouldbeenoughwater andaironMars forpeople.B・Food onMars wouldbe moredelicious thanthat ontheearth.C.People wouldbe busywith workonMars.D.The writerthinks livingonMarswouldbefull ofchallenges.
5.Whats thebest titlefbr thepassageA.Schools onMars B.Food onMarsC.Life onMars D.Environment ontheEarth（2023・山东烟台・统考中考真题）（联April23is knownas World Book Day.The ideaof settinga dayto encouragereading cameout fromUNESCO合国教科文组织）in
1995.In fact,it startedlong beforethat inSpain.In1922,Spanish writerVicente ClavelAndressuggested theidea asa way to honortheir famouswriter Miguelde Cervantes.Four yearslater,thefirstcelebration tookplaceon October7,Cervantes,birthday.In1930,it wasmoved toApril23,the dateof hisdeath.Every yearsince2001,one cityaround theworld ischosen tobe theUNESCO WorldBook Capitalforayear.Thetask ofthe cityistocarry outactivities toencourage“a cultureof readingand spreadingits valuesinall ages inand outofthe country.^^Though noChinese citieshave beenchosen astheWorldBook Capitalso far,a recentnational surveyshows asteady（稳定的）rise inreading asa habitinChina.According tothe survey,each Chineseadult readan averageof
4.78printed（有声读books and
3.33e-books in2022,both abit higherthan thefigures from
2021.Besides,listening toaudiobooks物）was anotherrising habit,with
35.5percent ofadults sayingtheywereusedtolistening tothem.Reading booksgives peoplethe chancetolookinto differentworlds andmeet newpeople bothreal andimagined.Ancient Chinesebelieved inthe saying:Read ten thousand booksand traveltenthousandmiles.Reading（智慧）.isawaytolearnfromthe past,understand theworld,and getlife wisdomSo makeeverydayWorldBookDay!
1.When didSpain firsthold acelebration tohonor CervantesA.In
1922.B.In
1926.C.In
1930.D.In
1995.
2.What shoulda WorldBook Capitalcity doA.Help sellbooks toallages.B.Spread UNESCOsvalues.C.Organize readersto visitthe city.D.Carry outreading activities.（指代）？
3.What doestheunderlinedword theminParagraph3refer toA.Printed books.B.E-books.C.Audiobooks.D.Cultural books.
4.What doesthelastparagraphmainlytell usA.The meaningofaChinese saying.B・The importanceof readingbooks.C.The methodof gettinglife wisdom.D.The wayof lookinginto differentworlds（2023•山东泰安・统考中考真题）China hassentthefinal sectionof itsTiangong spacestation intospace.After a13-hour trip,the newsection,known（对接）as Mengtian,dockedwithTiangong spacestation onthe earlymorning ofNovember1st,2022,finally completingit.The newsection was launched fromHainan Islandinthesouth ofChina.For years,China hasbeen workinghard tocreate itsown spacestation.Last year,China beganto launchthree（舱）modules ofTiangong spacestation,one ata time.The mainmodule,Tianhe,waslaunchedin April
2021.It holdsthepower sourceand maincontrols forthestation,as wellastheastronauts9living area.In July2022,China launchedits firstlaboratorymodule,Wentian,which isthe countryslargest everspacecraft.（）The newmodule,Mengtian meaningdreaming ofthe heavens,is alsodesigned asa laboratory.It isabout18（实验）.meters longandhas8special researchareas forexperiments Mengtianis setup sothat experimentscanalsoberun outsidethe moduleitself.Chinese astronautscanusespecial roboticarmstorunexperimentsfrominsideTiangong.Chinas spaceprogram isworking withthe EuropeanSpace Agencyon someexperiments ontheMengtian,。
个人认证
优秀文档
获得点赞 0
