06 乌克兰危机影响着世界-2023年中考英语热点材料题型专练

Adults mightsay thatthings arenot thateasy.But theyare the10that teachus tobe kind,not tohurt peopleand nottokill.Why dontthey actas what they say【短文大意】本文主要讲述了作者对于暴力和战争的看法【答案解析】【答案】

1.are taught【解析】句意我们在家和在学校都被教育使用暴力是最不文明的行为根据后文的举例结合备选词汇可知，此处应表示“被教”，因此选单词“teach”，主语“We”和“teach”之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态，而且时态为一般现在时，因此变为故填“teach aretaught”are taughto.【答案】2winning【解析】句意上周我们在海滩上玩的时候，为了赢得一个漂亮的贝壳，我在考虑要打我的朋友根据后面搭配的名词短语“a beautiftilshell”结合备选词汇可知，此处应表达“赢得贝壳因此选动词“win”,前面是介词for”，因此动词要变为动名词故填“winning”winning.【答案】3agreement【解析】句意取而代之的是我和他交谈了，后来我们达成了协议根据搭配动词结合备选词汇可知，“came to”此处应表达“达成协议”，因此选“agree，并且此处需要名词形式“agreement”故填agreement.【答案】4countries【解析】句意为什么在家，在学校或者在自己的国家内使用暴力就不可以，而在国家与国家之间就可以？根据前面句子提示结合备选词汇可知，“When two countries disagree,they oftenfight awar,like Russia and Ukraine.”此处表达“国家之间，因此选“country”，因为有“between”，因此要变为复数形式“countries”故选countries o.【答案】5homeless【解析】句意同时，有些人不得不被迫离开自己的国家，变得无家可归根据前文“some people have tobe forced结合备选词汇可知，此处表示无家可归”，因此选并且变为形容词to leavetheir own country”home”,“homeless”故填homelesso.【答案】6bigger【解析】句意战争是很大的暴力，就像两个人为了贝壳打架一样，只是要更大一些根据前文“Awarisa great结合空前修饰词及备选词汇可知，此处应用比较级，violence,like twopeople fightingover ashell”“much”表示“更大因此选单词并且变为比较级故填L“big”“bigger”bigger.【答案】7peoples【解析】句意我认为炸弹不能到达人们的心里而且改变他们根据被修饰的名词结合备选词汇可知，“hearts”应表示“人们的心里”，因此选词汇“people，并且变成名词所有格“people、”来修饰名词故填people、.【答案】8create【解析】句意炸弹不能创造爱和关怀，而那却正是我们世界所需要的根据搭配的名词结合“love andcaring”备选词汇可知，此处应表示“创造爱和关怀”，因此选单词“creative，并且变为动词“create，前面有情态动词“can”，用动词原形即可故填create.【答案】9wisdom【解析】句意为什么成人不能用他们的智慧谈话解决呢？根据后文尸结合备选词汇可知，此处应“talk itove表达“使用智慧解决”，因此选单词“wise”，并且变为名词“wisdom”故填wisdom.【答案】10ones【解析】句意但是他们却是教我们要善良，不要伤害别人，不要杀戮的那些人根据句子结构可知，此处需要可做主语的代词代指人，结合备选词汇可知应选并且变为用在代词，结合主语气可知,代指复“first”“one”hey”数，需变为故填“ones”ones本文讲述孩子们游泳来筹款帮助乌克兰战争中的人，黄石国家公园筹款来维护公园的未来建设以及马克斯通过在外露营来筹款帮助那些需要帮助的人【答案解析】【答案】

1.B【解析】推理判断题根据及Raising money for Ukraine,And the money raised through the sale raise£700,000forahospice,,,可知所有的新闻都和筹款有关系故选B【答案】

2.C【解析】推理判断题根据“A groupof17children teamedup toswim thewidth of the EnglishChannel inless thananhour,and havecollected morethan£3,300for peoplesuffering fromthe warin Ukraine...completed adistance of21miles可知，孩子完成英里远的游泳是为了筹款帮助那些在乌克兰战争饱受摧残的人故选among them”21C【答案】

3.D【解析】标题概括题根据“Yellowstone NationalPark inthe USis markingits150th anniversary,and ithas startedanew programcalled theInheritance Pass.It is accepting$1,500donations inexchange for an annualentry passwhich is可知，新闻讲述黄石国家公园为了年周年庆，also goodfor thedonors children and grandchildrenin150years”150开始了一个新的项目，为了交换一个年度出入许可证它接受一千五百美元的捐款，选项“黄石国家公园为D2172年提供了一个特殊的出入许可”符合故选Do【答案】

4.A【解析】推理判断题根据themoneyraisedthroughthesaleof Inheritance Passes willbe usedto preservethe park可知售卖筹款的钱背后的想法是为了使用这笔钱在未来年里来维护for thenext150years”InheritancePasses”150公园故选A【答案】

5.C【解析】推理判断题根据Max ismarking hissecond anniversaiywith aBig Camp-out,inviting youngpeople tojoin马克斯邀请年轻in fromtheir gardenor toput up a tentin theirliving roomto raisemoneyforany charitythey choose”,人加入这个活动来筹款给他们选择的慈善事业可知，他希望越来越多的人可以为那些需要帮助的人显示自己的爱和关心故选CBUkraine hascaught theattention of the world.On Feb24,Russian PresidentVladimir Putin announced a（特别军事行动）special military operation against Ukraine.（武装力量）As ofMarch1,several daysafter thestart of the military operation,Russian forceshad closedin onKyiv,Ukraines capital,Xinhua reported.（平民伤亡），The violencein Ukrainehas resultedin morethan536confirmed civiliancasualties withthe actualnumberexpected tobe muchhigher,China Dailyreported onMarch

2.Hundreds ofthousands ofpeoplehavefled thecountryover thepast fewdays.（应对）（制裁）.The Usand someother Westerncountries haveresponded toRussias actionswith sanctionsOnMarch1,the USsaid thatit wouldclose itsairspace toall Russianflights.On Feb27,the North Atlantic Treaty（北大西洋公约组织）（武Organization NATO,said that some member countries have supported Ukraine with weapons器）and money.（秘书长）On Feb28,UN Secretary-General AntonioGuterres calledforanimmediate endto the military operationsin Ukraine.The fightinginUkrainemust stopJ hesaid.（白俄罗斯）（冲突）Russian andUkrainian officialsmet inBelarus to talk about the conflicton Feb

28.Both sidesagreedto meetagain tohave moretalks.In atelephone conversationwith Putin on Feb25,Chinese PresidentXi Jinpingsaid Chinasupports Russia and（解决）（协商）.（安全考Ukraine inresolving theirtensions throughnegotiation Headded propersecurity concerns虑）（尊重）.of allcountries shouldbe takenseriously andrespectedAs State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi said on Feb21,Ukraine shouldserve asa bridge between the East（前沿）（冲突）and the West,not asa frontierin aconfrontation of powers.（特另军事行动）

1.When didthe special militaryoperationll against Ukraine happenA.On Feb

21.B.On Feb

24.C.On Feb

27.D.On Feb

28.

2.What wouldthe Usdo torespond tothe conflictA.It supportsRussiaand Ukraine inresolving theirtensions throughnegotiation.B.It wouldclose itsairspace toall Russianflights.C.It wouldfight againstRussia.D.It wouldhelp Russiaand Ukrainehave apeaceful talk.

3.What doesthe underlinedword“airspace mean航班空间站领空航线A.B.C.D.

4.What is the rightorder ofthese events（武装力量）a.Russian forceshad closedin onKyiv.b.StateCouncilor andForeign MinisterWang YisaidUkraine shouldserve asa bridgebetween theEast and theWest.c.Russian andUkrainian officialsmet inBelarus totalk about the conflict.d.Russian PresidentVladimir Putin announced a special militaryoperationagainst Ukraine.e.NATO said thatsome membercountries havesupportedUkrainewithweapons and money.A.bdeca B.daecb C.baecd D.deabc

5.You canmost probablyread thepassage in.A.a sciencebook B.a TVguide C.a historybook D.Morning News【短文大意】本文主要讲述了俄罗斯对乌克兰展开的“特别军事行动工【答案解析】【答案】

1.B【解析】细节理解题根据（特On Feb24,Russian PresidentVladimir Putin announced aspecialmilitaryoperation别军事行动广可知，月日展开“特别军事行动”；故选againstUkraine.”224B【答案】

2.B【解析1细节理解题根据,”可知,美“On March1,the USsaid thatit wouldclose itsairspace toall Russianflights国表示将对所有俄罗斯航班关闭其领空；故选B【答案】

3.C【解析】词句猜测题根据可知，美“On March1,the USsaid thatit wouldclose itsairspace toall Russianflights”国表示将对所有俄罗斯航班关闭其领空，因此”意为“领空”；故选airspace Co【答案】

4.A【解析】细节理解题根据“As StateCouncilorandForeignMinisterWangYisaid onFeb21,Ukraine shouldserve asabridgebetweentheEastand theWest,not asa frontie（r前沿）inaconfrontation（冲突）ofpowers.；On Feb24,RussianPresident VladimirPutinannouncedaspecialmilitaryoperation（特另军事行动）“againstUkraine.”；“On Feb27,the（北大西洋公约组织）NorthAtlanticTreaty OrganizationNATO,saidthatsomemembercountrieshavesupportedUkraine withweapons（武器）andmoney.^^；Russian andUkrainian officialsmet inBelarus（白俄罗斯）totalkabout（冲突）”和the conflictonFeb

28.As ofMarch1,several daysafter thestart ofthemilitary（武装力量）可知，按照时间的先operation,Russian forceshad closedinonKyiv,Ukraines capital,Xinhua reported.”后顺序;正确的顺序是bdeca；故选A【答案】

5.D【解析】推理判断题根据第二段“…可知，该篇文章可能是一篇新闻报道；故选Xinhua reported”DC（老生常谈），•（大涨）,It maysound likea clichebut foodis stillthe stuffof life.So whenglobal food prices soarpeopleworry.（）The UnitedNations Foodand AgricultureOrganization FAOsaid onApril8that worldfood priceshit an all-timehigh inMarch.Prices forvegetable oils,meats,sugar anddairy productscould riseup to22percent.（指数）According tothe agency,the FAOsfood priceindex hadalready reportedan all-time highin February,as thepandemic,poor weatherand climatecrisis damagedagriculture andthreatened food security formillions ofpeople.（乌克兰危机）The Ukraine crisis hasmade thesituation muchworse.Both Russiaand Ukrainehave vastgrain-growing regions.They areamong theworlds mainbreadbaskets.The twocountries togetheraccounted for around30percent ofglobal wheatexports.The conflicthas alsocaused arise inthe costoftheother dailyessentials andfuel.“It isextremely worrisome/9said RabahArezki,former chief economist at the WorldBank.In2022,there willbe44million peoplein38countries at the“emergency“phase offood insecurity,just onestepaway froma declarationof famine.People inSouth Sudan,Yemen,andthenorthern partsof Ethiopiaand Nigeriaare at（动荡）particular risk.Recent unrestacross theworld highlightsthe risks.In SriLanka,protests haveerupted overshortagesof gasand otherbasic goods.Global foodinsecurity maymake manyconcerned:Does Chinahave enoughfood forits populationof

1.4billionAccording toWei Baigang,chief economistattheMinistry ofAgriculture andRural Affairs,China reliesmainly ondomestic grain production and only2percent ofthe nationsgrain isimported.Global priceincreases havehad littleimpacton Chinas food prices.Chinas foodprices evendropped

1.5percent year-on-year inMarch,in sharpcontrast tothe globalfoodprice riseof morethan30percent.（超过）In2021,China sawa goodgrain harvestfor the18th yearinarow,with totalgrain outputexceeding650million tonsfor sevenconsecutive years.（自给自足）The harvestensured thecountrys basicself-sufficiency ingrain andits absolutegrain security.

1.What aspectsthreaten worldfood securityexceptA・the pandemicB.poor weatherand climatecrisisC.the Ukrainecrisis D.the growthof population

2.Why doesthe Ukrainecrisis makefood safetyworseA.Because thiswar usedupalot ofmaterials.B.Because thetwocountriesstopped exportingfood.C.Because bothRussiaandUkraine accounted foraround30percent ofglobal wheatexports.D.Because thewar affectspeace andpeoples lives.（稳定）

3.The mainreason forChinas foodprice stabilityis that.A.China mainlydepends onits ownfood productionB,China doesnot importfoodC・China doesnot exportfoodD.good weatherand climatehas broughtabout alarge goodharvest

4.What doesthe paragraphtalk aboutA.It talksabout thefood securityof China.B,It talksaboutthefoodsecurityoftheworld.C.It talksaboutthepeoples worriesabout food.D.It talksthe impactoftheUkrainecrisison foodsecurity.【短文大意】本文主要讲了人们对于食物的担忧【答案解析】【答案】

1.D【解析】细节理解题根据“According tothe agency,the FAOsfoodpriceindex hadalready reportedanall-time highinFebruary,as thepandemic,poor weatherand climatecrisis damagedagriculture andthreatened foodsecurity for及可矢口威胁,世界/良食安全的因素有millions ofpeople.“The Ukrainecrisis hasmade thesituation muchworse.”疫情、恶劣的天气和气候危机、乌克兰危机，没有“人口的增长”这个因素故选D【答案】

2.C【解析】细节理解题根据“The twocountries togetheraccountedforaround30percent ofglobal wheatexports75可知乌克兰危机让食品安全变得更糟是因为俄罗斯和乌克兰合计占全球小麦出口的左右故选30%C【答案】

3.A［解析】细节理解题根据“According toWei Baigang,chiefeconomistattheMinistry ofAgriculture andRural Affairs,China reliesmainly ondomesticgrainproductionandonly2percent ofthe nationsgrain isimported.Global price可知中国粮食价格稳定的主要原因是中国主要依靠自己的粮increases havehad littleimpact onChinasfoodprices.“食生产故选A【答案】

4.C【解析】主旨大意题通读全文可知本文主要讲了人们对于食物的担忧故选C

二、短文选词填空从下面方框中选出个单词，并将其正确形式填写在相应位置，使短文意思正确通顺（每词限用一次）10agree askbig countrycreative endfirst homepeople teachwin wiseFriday,February25thim unableto thinkclearly thesedays.We]at homeand at school thatusing violenceistheleast（文明的）civilized wayto solve problems.For example,last weekI thoughtabout hittingmy friendfor2a beautifulshellwhile wewere playingatthebeach.I talkedwith himinstead andwe cameto an3,If twoadults hada disagreement,and ifthey usedviolence towardseach otherin order to win,is itallrightWhen twocountries disagree,they oftenfight awar,like RussiaandUkraine.Why isusing violencenot okayathome,atschool,or inyour countrybut okaybetween4So manypeople arekilled becauseof wars,notonly soldiersbut commonpeople,even smallchildrenandbabies.At thesame time,some peoplehave tobe forcedtoleave theirowncountry,becoming

5.A warisagreat violence,like twopeople fightingover ashell,just much6,Adults saythey arefightingwars inordertosolveproblemsand make peace.But canyou really“makepeace“by killingso manypeople I（炸弓单）dont thinkbombs canreach7hearts andchange them.Bombs cant8love andcaring,and thatswhat weneedin theworld.Why cantadults usetheir9and talkit over。