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Unit4Space Exploration短语功.精神的;思想的一以/乜心理上地;精神上地.身体的;物理的一
1.men tai1mentally—physical physicallyadv.身体上〃.宇宙一.普遍的;全世
2.universe universal〃力•.有智慧的;聪明的一聪明地;明智地一〃.智力;才智
1.1ntelligent intelligentlyadv.intelligence〃矽•.好奇的;求知欲强的;稀奇的;不寻常的一几好奇心以母好奇地
4.curious curiosity—curiously力联系;讲述相关的〃.关系;亲属一九人际关系
5.relate u—related—relation relationship切•.有决心的;意志坚定的一近.决定;确定一〃.决定;决心
6.determined determine determinationQ传输一〃.传播一〃.发射台;传播者
7.transmit vt.vi.transmitted,transmitted transmissiontransmitter的•.失望的;沮丧的一切•.令人失望的一〃,失望;沮丧一
8.disappointed disappointingdisappointment disappiontQQ使失望v.九渴望;欲望渴望;期望一•.令人向往的;值得拥有的
9.desire desirable九缺少一.短缺的;缺乏的lO.lack v.lacking B/l l.argue应・论证;争辩;争论一argument九论证;论据;争吵附上;系上;认为有重要性一九附件;喜爱;连接一,喜爱的;附属的
12.attach uLattachment attached几专门机构;代理处〃.代理人,代理商;经纪人
13.agency-agent力.独立的;自立的一独立地〃的.依赖的;依
14.1ndependent independently—dependent—^dependently赖地一比独立;自主机依赖;依靠一也依赖;依靠independence―dependence depend及回收利用〃,回收利用的••可回收的
15.recycle—recycling—recyclableQ.当前的;现在的;流行的〃.水流;电流;流行一目前;当前一机货币
16.current currentlyadv.currency
17.sufficient力•.足够的;充足的一sufficiency九充足一insufficient〃6•.不足的;不充分的;不够重要的比地球;地球仪全球的
18.globe-global〃.分析复数艮分析
19.analysis analyses—analyse.定期的;经常的;正常的一经常;定期地一不规律的
20.regular regularlyadv.irregular adj
21.limited〃的.有限的—limitless/unlimited回・.无限的,无尽的一limit艮限制;〃.限制一limitation〃.限制儿神秘一神秘的
22.mystery mysterious//.短语抬头仰望尊敬…/瞧不起…l.look up at lookup tosb lookdown uponsb根据前文
55.“It soundslike somethingfrom thefield ofscience fiction——a space exploration intovast outerspace,(这heading towardsthe Red Planet While were notquite readyto puta personon it,the questionwe asktoday is听起来像是科幻小说里的情节——向广阔的外太空进行太空探索,驶向红色星球虽然我们还没有完全准备好把人送上火星,但我们今天要问的问题是户可知,空处应是提出具体问题,且和探索火星有关,所以项D“Why are(为什么这么多国家对去火星感兴趣?广符合文意故选项so manycountries interestedin going to MarsD根据前文()
56.“The spacerace sawthe USSRthe Unionof SovietSocialist Republicsand USAcompete to achieve firsts(太空竞赛见证了苏联(苏维埃in spaceflight.The USSRreleased Sputnik1,an artificialsatellite,before anyoneelse,社会主义共和国联盟)和美国争夺太空飞行的第一名苏联比任何人都早发射人造卫星“斯普特尼克号”厂1可知,此处讲述美苏太空竞赛各自的成就,前文说的苏联,所以空处应是美国的成就,项“A and the US landed on(而美国则率先登陆月球)符合文意,且和前文构成并列关系故选项the moon first.A分析设空,位于段首,为本段中心句,根据后文
57.“You onlyhave to look at the fossilsof thedinosaurs to see thebenefit of finding another habitable planet.While Marsdoesnt havethe rightconditions tocall ithome justyet,theres(你只需要看看恐龙的化石always the concept of terraforming-changing theenvironment of a planet to suit our needs.就能知道找到另一个适宜居住的星球的好处虽然火星目前还不具备适宜居住的条件,但改造地球的概念一直存在——改变行星的环境以适应我们的需要广可知,本段主要讲述了探索火星事关人类生存,所以项C“One of(其中之一可能是人类的生存)符合文意,为本段中心句故选项these couldbe thesurvival of our species.C根据前文
58.“However,not everyoneagrees.Leading astrophysicistNeil deGrasseTyson hassaid theconcept ofchanginghabitability ofa planetis notalwayspractical.(然而,并非所有人都同意著名天体物理学家尼尔・德格拉斯・泰森曾说,改变行星可居住性的概念并不总是切实可行的)“可知,此处讲述并不是所有人认为改变行星可居住性的概念是可行的,所以项B“Instead,it makesno sensewhen wecan simplyterraform Earthbecause of the(相反,鉴于我们对地球造成的破坏,对地球进行地球化改造毫无意义)”符合文意,damage we have done to it.且和前文构成转折关系故选项B
59.根据前文“It seemsthat themain reasonat themoment is the searchfor alien(外星的)目前的主要原因似乎是寻找外星生命)”可知,项(当然,鼓励新一F“Surely inspiringa newgeneration tovisit thestars isreasonable enough.代去拜访星星是很合理的广是对前句的进一步补充,符合文意故选项F完形填空A wise man waspassing through a city.While he was walking,he60a coinon theroad.He pickedit up.Despite hissimplelife,hewassatisfied andhe had no useof thatcoin.So,he plannedto donateit.61,throughout theday he didnt find such a person.Finally,he reachedthe62area andspent anight there.Next morning,he63and wastold that a king was going for his invasion of another state with his army.When the kingsaw the wise man,he64his armyto stop.He came to thewisemanand said,“I amgoingto beat another65,Thus,my statecan be66,So blessmeto be victorious.After67,thewiseman gavethe cointo theking!The kingwas confusedwith thisbecause heisalready oneof therichest kings!He68asked,“Whats themeaning”The wiseman explained,found this coin yesterdayin your
69.But I had nouse.So I had70that Iwould donateit.I walkedaround tillthe evening,but foundno oneto donateit to.Everyone wasliving a71life.It seemedthat theywere satisfied with what they had.But today,thekingof thisstate,still hasthe desire to72more andis notsatisfied with what healready has.I feelyou are73thiscoin.”
60.A.noticed B.lost C.spent D.dropped
61.A.Thus B.Besides C.However D.Therefore
62.A.dining B,waiting C.walking D.resting
63.A.woke upB.looked upC.stayed upD.dressed up
64.A.hoped B.allowed C.ordered D.advised
65.A.tribe B,state C.city D.king
66.A.expanded B・respected C.developed D.blamed
67.A.consulting B.thinking C.chatting D.bargaining
68.A.nervously B,curiously C.eagerly D.angrily
69.A.city B.palace C.house D.backyard
70.A.agreed B,announced C.informed D.decided
71.A.happy B.hard C.convenient D.different
72.A.defend B.gain C.earn D.borrowB.in searchof C.in needof D.in chargeof
73.A.in possessionofC.existence D.mistake
74.A.achievement B.dreamThe kingrealized his74and gave up the planned war.
60.A
61.C
62.D
63.A
64.C
65.B
66.A
67.B
68.B
69.A
70.D
71.A
72.B
73.C
74.D【答案】【导语】这是一篇记叙文短文叙述了一位智者在路过一个国家的时候,在街道上拾得一枚硬币,智者想把这枚硬币捐赠出去,但却没有找到需要这枚硬币的人第二天醒来,智者被告知,这个国家的国王要侵略另一个国家,智者告诉国王,自己的国家的人民过着幸福的生活,人们安居乐业,很是满足,而这个国家的国王,仍然有获得更多的欲望,并不满足于他已经拥有的国王才是最需要这枚银币的人国王意识到自己的错误,放弃了计划中的战争考查动词词义辨析句意当他走路的时候,他注意到路上有一枚硬币注意;丢失;
60.noticed B.lost C.spent花费;投下根据后文可知,他捡起这枚硬币,即他注意到路上有一枚硬币,才会D.dropped“He pickedit up.”捡起来故选A考查副词词义辨析句意然而,他一整天都没有找到需要这枚银币的人因此;此外;
61.A.Thus B.Besides C.然而;因此根据后文可知,前后语意转折,应用However D.Therefore“hedidntfindsucha person”however故选C考查动词词义辨析句意最后,他到了休息区,在那里过了一夜进餐;等待;
62.A.dining B.waiting C.walking步行;休息根据后文可知,他到了休息区故选D.resting“spent anight there”D考查动词短语词义辨析句意第二天早上,他醒来,被告知一个国王将要带着他的军队入侵另一个国家
63.唤醒;向上看;熬夜;打扮由以及后文A.woke upB.looked upC.stayed upD.dressed up“Next morning”“and wastold可知,他醒来,被告知一个国王将要带着他的军thatakingwasgoingforhis invasionof anotherstate withhis army队入侵另一个国家故选A考查动词词义辨析句意当国王看到这个智者时,他命令他的军队停下来希望;允许;
64.A.hoped B.allowed命令;建议根据后文指国王命令军队停下来,短语命令C.ordered D.advised“his armyto stop”order sbto do sth某人做某事”符合句意故选C考查名词词义辨析句意:他对智者说:“我要去打败另一个国家部落;国家;城市;
65.A tribeB.state C.city国王由上文可知,国王亲口告诉智者,自己要去攻打另一个D.king“hisinvasionofanotherstatewithhisarmy”,国家故选B考查动词词义辨析句意因此,我的国家的疆土就可以扩大了扩大;尊重;
66.A.expanded B.respected发展;责备根据常识可以判断出,打仗是为了扩大本国的疆土故选C.developed D.blamed A考查动词词义辨析句意经过思考,智者把硬币给了国王!咨询;想;聊
67.A.consulting B.thinking C.chatting天;讨价还价根据后文智者给出了归还硬币的理由,可知智者觉得这枚硬币可以说服国王经过D.bargaining思考,智者把硬币给了国王故选B考查副词词义辨析句意他好奇地问:这是什么意思?紧张地;好奇地;
68.A.nervously B.curiously C.eagerly渴望地;生气地根据后文、可知,国王很好奇,智者为什么会给他一枚小小的硬D.angrily“What themeaning”币故选B考查名词词义辨析句意智者解释说“我昨天在你的城市里发现了这枚硬币城市;宫殿;
69.A.city B.palace房子;后院根据上文可知,智者在叙述捡硬币的地点故选Chouse D.backyard“throughacity.A考查动词词义辨析句意所以我已经决定要把它捐出去同意;宣布;告
70.A.agreed B.announced C.informed知;决定由上文.但我没有用”可知,智者已经决定要把它捐出去故选D.decided“But Ihadnouse D考查形容词词义辨析句意每个人都过着幸福的生活快乐的;困难的;方便
71.A.happy B.hard C.convenient的;不同的根据后文他们似乎对所拥有的一切D.different“It seemedthat theywere satisfied withwhat they had.很满意户可知,智者并没有找到需要硬币的人那时因为每个人都过着幸福的生活,不要这枚小小的硬币故选A考查动词词义辨析句意但是今天,这个国家的国王,仍然有欲望获得更多,不满足于他已经拥有的
72.A.防御;获得;赚钱;借由可知,国王,仍然要获得更多的东defend B.gain C.earn D.borrow“is notsatisfiedwith”西故选B考查介词短语词义辨析句意我觉得你需要这枚硬币拥有;搜查;
73.A.in possessionof B.in searchof C.in need需要;负责根据上文可知,智者觉得国王渴望of D.in chargeof“more andis notsatisfiedwithwhat healready has”拥有更多,所以最需要这枚硬币故选C考查名词词义辨析句意国王意识到自己的错误,放弃了计划中的战争成就;梦
74.A.achievement B.dream想;存在;错误由可知,国王意识到自己的错误,所以放弃了计C.existence D.mistake“gaveuptheplannedwar”划中的战争故选D单句语法填空
75.We recognisehim bea hard-working person.【答案】to be【详解】考查非谓语动词句意我们认为他是一个勤劳诚实的人此处为非谓语动词作宾补,recognise sb./sth.to意为“认为某人……”,此处应为不定式形式,故填be to be
76.I studiedall night,only discoverin themorning thatIhad forgotten that the examwas delayed.【答案to discover【详解】考查动词不定式句意我学习了一整夜,结果早上才发现我忘了考试推迟了根据“I studiedall night-和可知,此处应用表示意料之外的结果动“in themorning thatIhadforgotten thatthe examwas delayed”only to do词意为“发现故填discover todiscover
77.The nexttwo movementsare fullof desperatelows anduplifting highswhich perhapsreflect bothhis sufferingand hisstrongwill fight it.【答案】to fight【详解】考查非谓语动词句意接下来的两个乐章充满了绝望的低谷和令人振奋的高潮,这也许反映了他的苦难和他与之斗争的坚强意志作后置定语修饰名词意为“意志”,常用不定式作后置定语”fightit”will,will故填to fight
78.They arrivedattheairport,only findthe flighthad beencanceled dueto thesnowstorm.【答案】to find【详解】考查非谓语动词句意他们到达机场,却发现由于暴风雪,航班被取消了不定式”作结果“only+状语,表示意想不到的结果,且与构成主动关系,应用发现的不定式故填They findfind tofind
79.We rushedto theairport onlytell thatthe planehad justtaken off.【答案】to betold【详解】考查动词不定式句意我们匆匆赶到机场,却被告知飞机刚刚起飞此处为非谓语动词作状语,结合句意和可知,此处为结构,表示意料之外的结果,所以此处使用动词不定式作结果状语,nly“only to do sth.”且与逻辑主语之间为被动关系故填tell weto betold
80.The buildingproject carryout next year is,I think,not easyto completein time.【答案】to becarried【详解】考查动词不定式句意我认为明年将要实施的建筑工程不容易及时完成分析句子结构可知,该句的谓语是空处应用非谓语动词根据时间状语可知,此处表示将要发生的事情,即动作未发生,空is,next year处应用动词不定式,作的后置定语动词短语与名词之间是被动关系,应用The buildingproject carryout project动词不定式的被动形式故填tobecarried场地
81.In history,Beijing2022is the first Gameswhere allvenues arepowered byclean energyand Beijingisthe firstcity in the worldhost boththe Summerand WinterGames.【答案】to host【详解】考查非谓语动词句意北京年冬奥会是历史上第一届所有场馆都使用清洁能源的奥运会,也是2022世界上第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市设空处在句中作定语,使用非谓语动词,当名词被序数词修饰时,应用动词不定式作定语故填to host
82.The bridgebuild nextyear wasdesigned bya localcompany.【答案】tobebuilt【详解】考查非谓语动词句意将于明年建造的这座桥是由当地一家公司设计的分析句子,句中was为谓语动词,设空处使用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词根据句中的可知动作未发designed Thebridge,nextyear生,故使用不定式结构作后置定语,同时与动词之间是逻辑上的被动关系,故使用不定式的被the bridgebuild动结构故填tobebuilt
83.Although Liusdance moveslook simple,they areoften toointense forhis audiencefollow.【答案】to follow【详解】考查非谓语动词句意尽管的跳跃动作看起来很简单,但常常因强度大,导致网友跟不上分Liu析句意可知,此处为%+形容词.”句型,表示“太……而不能”符合句意,此处使用动词不定式形+todosth式,作结果状语故填to follow
84.More subwaysare beingbuilt inNanjing makeit moreconvenient forpeople to travel fromone placeto another.【答案】to make【详解】考查非谓语句意南京正在修建更多的地铁,使人们从一个地方到另一个地方的出行更加方便空处应用不定式作目的状语故填t make
85.After thevictory in2015World Cup,Lang Pingdetermine tolead theteam to the Olympicgold inBrazil.【答案】determined【详解】考查时态句意在年世界杯夺冠后,郎平下定决心要带领队伍在巴西赢得奥运金牌2015determine to意为“决心做某事”,空白处在句子作谓语,句子陈述过去发生的事情,谓语动词使用一般过去时,故填do sthdeterminedo
86.After a spacecraft islaunched,what weshould dofirst ismakesureit goesin the right orbit.【答案】make/to make【详解】考查不定式句意航天器发射后,我们首先要做的就是确保它进入正确的轨道主语从句后用不定式结构作表语,不定式可以省略,故填或to tomake make
87.Youll want tolookback onyour journeysee howfar youvecome.【答案】tosee【详解】考查动词不定式句意你会想回顾你的旅程,了解一下你已经走了多远分析句子结构可知,此处应为非谓语动词作状语,根据句意,此处表示目的,所以使用动词不定式形式故填t see
88.He goton boardthe electricityvehicle andwent downtownto buysome high-end products.【答案】electric/electrical【详解】考查形容词句意他上了电动车,去市中心买了一些高端产品分析句子可知,空处应填形容词用电的”在句中作定语故填electric/electrical”electric/electrical语篇填空“The astronauthadfora longtime seemedsacred anddistant“to GuiHaichao untilthe researcherbecame amemberof theAstronaut Centerof China.In2005,Gui became a studentattheSchool ofAstronautics underBeihang University,89major in spacecraftdesign andengineering.In thefollowing years,Gui continuedhis studyand graduatedin thesummer of2014with adoctorsdegree.The youngresearcher thenspent twoyears in a post-doctoral programat YorkUniversity inToronto,after90hereturned toBeihang toteach.In thespring of2018,Gui andhis colleagues91tell thatChinas mannedspace authoritieshaddecided toselect thethird batchof astronauts.Gui hasbeen afan ofspace92explore andsometimes dreamedaboutdoing hisresearch in space,93he immediatelyfilled inthe applicationform.After94round ofphysical checksandprofessional tests,Gui succeeded.Gui oncetold oneof hisfriends95private thatthe physicaltraining atthe astronautcenter wasintense anddemandingand posed96huge challengeto him.But hedidnt quitthe trainingand managedto passall tests.Thanks97hishard work,Gui progressedrapidly inevery trainingcourse andwas chosenfor theShenzhou XVImission tobecome the【答案】first civilian and scientistin thiscountry98travel inorbit.
89.majoring
90.which
91.were told
92.exploration
93.so
94.rounds
95.privately
96.a
97.to
98.to travel【导语】本文是一篇记叙文讲述了研究员桂海潮如何从一名航天专业的学生,通过不断学习、深造,最终成为航天员,参与神舟十六号任务的故事考查非谓语动词句意年,桂海潮成为北京航空航天大学航天学院的一名学生,主修航天器设计与工
90.2005程本句谓语为此处为非谓语动词,且与“主修”为主动关系,应用现在分词,作状语故became,Gui major填majoring考查定语从句句意这位年轻的科研人员之后在加拿大多伦多的约克大学进行了两年的博士后项目研究,
91.之后回到北航任教本空引导非限制性定语从句,关系词指代前面整个句子的内容在从句中作介词的宾语,after应用关系代词引导故填which which考查时态、语态和主谓一致句意年春天,桂和他的同事们被告知,中国载人航天部门已决定选拔第
92.2018三批航天员根据时间状语可知,句描述过去的动作,故时态用一般过去时,且主语In thespring of2018Gui and与动词之间为被动关系,因此使用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为复数,动词用故填his colleaguestell bewerewere toldo考查名词句意桂一直是太空探索的爱好者,有时梦想着在太空中进行他的研究,因此,他立即填写了申
93.请表本空位于介词之后,应填入的名词形式探索”,作宾语故填考查of exploreexploration“exploration
93.o连词句意桂一直是太空探索的爱好者,有时梦想着在太空中进行他的研究,因此,他立即填写了申请表根据上下文逻辑,此处表示结果,应用连词“因此”故填so so考查名词的数句意:经过几轮体能检查和专业测试,桂成功了轮次”为可数名词,根据和
94.round checkstests可知,用复数形式,作的宾语故填After rounds考查副词句意桂曾经私下里告诉过他的一个朋友,航天中心的体能训练强度大、要求高,对他来说是一
95.个巨大的挑战本空用副词“私下地”,修饰动词作状语故填privately told,privately考查冠词句意桂曾经私下里告诉过他的一个朋友,航天中心的体能训练强度大、要求高,对他来说是一
96.个巨大的挑战此处泛指“一个巨大的挑战“,且以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词故填huge aa考查固定短语句意由于他的努力工作,桂在每一门培训课程中都迅速进步,并被选中参加神舟十六号任
97.务,成为中国首位进入轨道的平民科学家是固定短语,意为“幸亏,由于工故填thanks tot考查非谓语动词句意由于他的努力工作,桂在每一门培训课程中都迅速进步,并被选中参加神舟十六号
98.任务,成为中国首位进入轨道的平民科学家前有序数词修饰,此处用”行进”的不civilian andscientist travel定式,作后置定语,修饰故填the firstcivilianandscientisto totravelo应用文写作假定你是李华,上周三你们学校组织观看了中国的太空授课,恰巧你的美国朋友发来邮件和你讨论太空探索Jim的话题请你给他回封邮件,谈谈你的感受内容包括space exploration观看的方式及感受;
1..太空授课的意义2注意.词数应为左右;
180.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数4Dear Jim,Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim,Im gladto hearfrom you.Last Wednesday,our schoolorganized allof us to watchthe firstspace lecturewhich washostedby WangYaping.We watchedthe livebroadcast onTV inour class.I wasso impressedby the lecture.I thinkthe lectureis ofgreat importance.At first,it inspiresour interestin space.We areso curiousin spacethat wewant to work hard and explore thespace.Besides,by watchingthelecture,we youthcan havemore intuitiveaccess toaerospaceknowledge.Best wishes!Yours,Li Hua【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文,要求考生给美国朋友写封信,谈谈自己观看太空授课的感受Jim【详解】.词汇积累1高兴的glad-pleased重要性importance—significance激起某人的兴趣inspire onesinterest-intrigue sb止匕夕卜一besides moreover,句式拓展2简单句变复合句原句I wasso impressedby thelecture.拓展句I wasso impressedby thelecture thatI wasdetermined todevote myselfto thespace industryofourmotherland.【点睛】[高分句型1]Last Wednesday,our schoolorganized allof usto watchthefirstspace lecturewhich washosted(运用了引导的定语从句)by WangYaping.which[高分句型2]We areso curiousin spacethat wewanttoworkhardandexplore thespace.(运用了so.・・that・.•弓|导的结果状语从句)调查研究小心,当心Look intolook out将…送入太空
2.carry sb/sth into space探寻宇宙的秘密
3.find outthe secretsof the universe能够维持生命存在
4.be suitableenough tosupport life下定决心去做某事
5.be determinedto do sth=decide to do...do sthwith determinationMakeup onesmind to do实现某人的梦想
6.realise one^dream成功的做了某事
7.succeeded indoing sthmanage todosth进入太空
8.go into space踏上月球
9.step onto the moon继续太空探索
10.carry onspaceexploration在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上
11.on board取得很大进步
12.make greatprogress在很短时间内
13.inashort time
15.so astodosth=in ordertodosth太阳系;类太阳系
16.solar system弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白
17.figure out起重要作用二
18.make adifference to...play animportant rolein.../have a...effect on...导致;造成因….而起
19.result inresult from
20.as aresult=therefore所以;结果是as aresult of因为・・.=because of提供生活所需
21.provide sthfor sb=provide sbwith sth最后二
22.in closingat last=finally/eventually用完;耗尽
23.run outsb run out ofsth•…认为…很重要
24.attach greatimportance to
25.be keenon doingsth/be keentodosth热衷于做渴望做・・・句式
1.Afterwards,the USSRfocused onsending peopleinto space,and on12April1961,Yuri Gagarinbecame thefirstperson inthe worldto gointo space.后来,苏联集中力量把人送入太空,1961年4月12日,尤里・加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人
2.These disastersmade everyonesad anddisappointed,but thedesiretoexploretheuniverse neverdied.这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望,但是探索宇宙的欲望从未消失过
3.Despite thedifficulties,scientists hopefuture discoverieswill notonly enableustounderstand howtheuniversebegan,but alsohelp ussurvive wellinto thefuture.尽管有许多困难,科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的,而且还能帮助我们更好地生存到未来
4.Astronauts have to usetape tostick everythingdown whileworking in space becauseeverything wouldfloat offotherwise.宇航员在太空工作时必须用胶带把所有的东西粘在一起,否则所有的东西都会漂走
5.Sending people to otherplanets oreven beyondthe solarsystem is not aneasy goaltoachieve.把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标教材话题题型综合训练词性转换
(一)
1.other(其他的)+wise(按.......某种方式)一adv,否则;另外直升机驾驶员一[航]直升飞机
2.helicopterist n.(中间的;中央的)(夜晚)一.午夜
3.mid+night威胁;恐吓一威胁,恐吓
4.threaten vt.n.无财产的一机性质,性能;财产
5.propertyless adj.足够的,充足的一足够地,充足地
6.sufficient adj.adv.庇护的,遮盖的一庇护;避难所
7.sheltery adj.n.样本,样品一以品尝,尝试;对……做抽样调查
8.n.几估计,估算一泣.估计,估算
9.造成,引起,产生(问题、危险、困难等)一九(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势,姿态
10.vt.(基础))(线)一(医学或科学中的)基线,准线
11.base Minen.(广泛地)(传播)一分布广的,广泛流传的
12.wide^spread adj.(出来)(突破)一九(战争)爆发;(疾病)暴发,突然发生
13.out+break
1.otherwise
2.helicopter
3.midnight
4.threat
5.property
6.sufficiently
7.shelter
8.sample
9.estimate
10.pose
11.baseline
12.widespread
13.outbreak
14.underline词性转换
(二).完全的;彻底的以完成,结束一完成,结束
15.complete C©n.融洽相处,和谐一*关系)和睦的,和谐的;协调的
16.harmony n.伤害,损害一力•.有害的一力•.无害的
17.harm v.农业—的.(与)农业(有关)的
18.agriculture n.美,美丽—的.美丽的
19.beauty n..狭窄的,不宽的—也狭窄地;勉强地
20.narrow
21.limitv.限制;限定;使限于九界限;限定;范围-M・.有限的-n.限制,局限好处,益处—的•.有益的,有利的
22.benefit n.儿愉快;快乐一力•.令人愉快的
23.pleasure力量,活力一力精力充沛的
24.energy n.4【答案】
15.completion
16.harmonious
17.harmful harmless
18.agricultural
19.beautiful
20.narrowly
21.limited limitation
22.beneficial
23.pleasant
24.energetic词性转换
(三)依靠一.可信赖的,可靠的
25.rely v.adj,紧急的一突发事件;紧急情况
26.emergent adj n..杰出的,卓越的;特别的—极其,非常
27.exceptional adjadv.威胁;可能带来威胁的人(事)一威胁到,危及
28.threat n.v..精确的,准确的一.精确地,准确地
29.precise adjadv原告;[贸易]索赔人;提出要求者一要求;声称
30.claimant n.vt.卫星的一.卫星
31.satellitic adj.n.亿万富翁―十亿;大量
32.billionaire nn.【答案】
25.reliable
26.emergency
27.exceptionally
28.threaten
29.precisely
30.claim
31.satellite
32.billion词性转换
(四)健康的健康;健壮;适合一,不健康的
33.adj.n.adj主办;主持主人;东道主;节目主持人一女主人;女主人
34.v.n.n.运动员;运动健儿一.健壮的;体育运动的
35.n.adj荣誉;尊敬;荣幸一可敬的;值得尊敬的一荣幸的
36.n.adj.adj.决定;下定决心;确定—决心;决定―坚定的;下定决心的
37.v.n.adj.使受伤;损害一,受伤的;有伤的一伤害;损伤
38.vt.adjn.力量;体力一.加强;巩固;使坚强变强一.强壮的;坚强的
39.n.vt vi.adj失败;未能(做到);不及格—失败;失败的人(或事物)
40.vt.n.【答案】
33.fit fitnessunfit
34.host hostess
35.athlete athletic
36.honour honourablehonoured
37.determinedeterminationdetermined
38.injure injuredinjury
39.strength strengthenstrong
40.fail failure完成句子
41.After Shenzhenbecamea special economiczone in1980,people fromall overChina wentto thecity(去寻找成功致富之路).【答案】to seek their fortune【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词句意年深圳成为经济特区后,来自中国各地的人们来到这个城1980市寻找财富表示“寻找成功致富之路”用固定搭配其中表示“寻找,表示“财seek onesfortune,seek fortune富”,根据主语可知,用“他们的”,作定语,修饰本句谓语为此处为非谓语动词,people theirfortune went,用的不定式,作目的状语故填seek toseektheirfortuneo(继续)
42.walking untilyou getto thecrossroads,and turnleft.【答案】Carry on【详解】考查祈使句与固定短语句意继续走到十字路口,然后向左拐根据汉语提示可知,此处需要填入表示“继续”的短语意为“继续根据后句的可知,此处为省略主语的祈使句,应用动词原carry onand you形形式置于句首故填Carry on(摆脱,丢弃,扔掉)
43.the stressand worries,the girlpracticed yogaand foundsome innerpeace.【答案】To get rid of【详解】考查固定短语句意为了摆脱压力和担忧,女孩练习瑜伽,找到了内心的平静根据汉语提示“摆脱,丢弃,扔掉”可知,此处使用固定短语本句谓语为和此处为非谓语动词,应用不定式,getrid of,practiced found,作目的状语故填To getridof(用完了),
44.Their moneyso theyhad tomake aneffort tofind asolution.【答案】ran out【详解】考查固定短语句意他们的钱用完了,所以他们不得不努力寻找解决办法根据提示的汉语,表示“用完了”应为为不及物动词短语,分析句子结构可知,此处为谓语动词,根据谓语动词可知,此runouthad处应为一般过去时,与主语之间为主动关系故填ran out(用完;耗尽).
45.The menwere soonvery tiredand theirfood【答案】ran out【详解】考查固定短语和时态句意这些人很快就很累了,他们的食物也用完了根据汉语提示和设空位置可知,使用动词短语“runout”,为不及物动词短语,后无需跟宾语and连接并列结构,前后时态保持一致,根据上一句的可知,使用一般过去时故填“were”ran out(注入活力)
46.We needsome newpeople thisproject.【答案】to breathe life into【详解】考查固定短语句意我们需要一些新人来给这个项目注入活力表示“给……注入活力”应用短语分析句子可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语故填breathelifeinto sth.to breathelife intoo(弥补销售损失)
47.Then theycan helpshop ownersduring theCOVID-19lockdown.【答案】make up for sales lost【详解】考查动词短语和形容词句意然后,他们可以帮助店主弥补在封锁期间损失的销售额C0VID-19“弥补”用动词短语表示,作宾语补足语,是固定搭配,用不带的不定式作宾语补make upfor help sb.dosth..to足语;“销售损失作宾语,用表示,其中形容词(失去的)作后置定语故填saleslostlost makeupforsales losto(搭建帐篷)?
48.Is thisa goodplace【答案]to put upatent【详解】考查非谓语动词句意这是搭建帐篷的好地方吗?“搭建”使用动词短语后接宾语“帐篷”put up,a分析句子结构可知,句中已有动词空处应作非谓语动词,使用动词不定式形式作后置定语,修饰名词tent,be is,故填placeo to putupa tento
49.Why don9t youask yourson(帮你搬较重的箱子)?【答案】to helpyou withthe heavierboxes【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配句意你为什么不让你儿子帮你搬那些较重的箱子呢?ask sb.todosth.意为“请求某人做某事”,不定式作宾补;“帮可表示为为固定搭配;“较重的”可表示为helpsb.with sth.,heavier;“箱子”可表示为box,为可数名词,这里应用复数形式故填to helpyou withthe heavierboxes(去北京旅游)
50.Fve hada lotof chances【答案】totravel to Beijing【详解】考查动词不定式和动词短语句意我有很多机会去北京旅游分析句子可知,此处为动词不定式作后置定语修饰“做某事的机会”为惯用表达,表示“去北京旅游应为动词短语故填chances,chance todo travelto BeijingototraveltoBeijingo阅读理解The ideafbr Chinas space programwas putforward in1956by QianXuesen,a pioneerin Chineserocket science.Following fullpreparation,the manned Shenzhou programbegan in1992,and in2003,thefirstChinese astronaut,YangLiwei,took adventureinto space.Tn2007,the lunarorbiter Change-1was launched,followed bythe experimentalmannedspace stationTiangong-1in
2011.In2019,Change-4achieved asoft landing on the lunar far side,marking thefirst successful soft landing by humansinthat area.A“soft”landing isone wherethe spacecraftlands ina controlledway,and getsno damage.Twelve hourslater,the smallYutu-2was letgo.To understandwhy Change-4s soft landing wassuch anachievement,consider thedifficultyof anyspace mission,especially onetothefar sideof the moon.While thefar sideof the moon isoften calledthe darksideof themoon,it is not reallydark.The mainchallenge oflanding on the moonsfar sideis communication,as thereisnodirect line of sight to Earth,making radiocommunication withspacecraft theretypically impossible.Chinese engineersdesigned a unique solution tothis problem.Before Change-4s mission,they sentthe Queqiaocommunications satellite intospace.When engineersneededto communicatewith Change-4and Yutu-2,they couldsend radiomessages toQueqiao.The messageswould thenbesent from the satellitedown tothe Lander.This allowedfor contactbetween Earthand thefar sideof themoon.(生态的)One ofChange-4s experimentsaimed totest aclosed ecologicalsystem,important forspace missions.In thissystem,plants producefood andoxygen forfruit flies,while thefruit fliesproduce COfor theplants.This2experiment worked for nine days,but ithad tobe stoppedwhen thetemperatures dropped below-52℃.Chinas spaceprogram hasachieved significantmilestones,from themannedShenzhouprogram tothe successfulsoftlanding ofChange-4on thelunar far side.These achievementsreflect Chinasgrowing progressinspaceexploration.
51.Why wasthe Change-4s softlanding on thelunar farsideimportantA.It foundevidence ofwater on themoon.B・It discovereda newtype ofrock formation.C.It establishedan everlastingbase forfuture missions.D.It markeda significantmilestone inChinas spaceexploration.
52.How didChinese engineerssolve thecommunication problemwith Change-4A.They usedaspecialradio wave.B・They setup largeequipment onthemoon.C.They useda networkof ground-based stations.D.They senta communications satelliteintospace.
53.What challengedid theclosed ecologicalsystem experimentfaceA.Lack ofsunlight.B.Equipment failure.C.Extreme temperatures.D.Shortage ofoxygen supply.
54.What isthe authorsattitude toChinas achievementsinspaceexplorationA.Positive.B.Indifferent.C.Unclear.D.Doubtful.【答案】
51.D
52.D
53.C
54.A【导语本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了中国的太空计划自年由钱学森提出,经历了载人航天、月球1956探测等重大里程碑年,嫦娥四号成功软着陆月球背面,通过鹊桥中继卫星解决了通信难题,并测试了封2019闭生态系统推理判断题根据文章第二段
51.“In2019,Change-4achieved asoftlandingonthelunar farside,marking thefirst(年,嫦娥四号成功实现在月球背面的软着陆,这标志着人类首successful softlandingbyhumans inthat area.2019次在该区域完成成功的软着陆任务)可知,嫦娥四号在月球背面的软着陆标志着中国在太空探索方面的一个重要里程碑故选项D细节理解题根据文章第三段
52.The mainchallenge oflandingonthe moonsfarsideis communication,as thereis nodirectlineofsighttoEarth,making radiocommunication withspacecraft theretypically impossible.Chinese engineersdesignedauniquesolutiontothis problem.Before Change-4s mission,they sentthe Queqiaocommunicationssatellite(在月球背面着陆的主要挑战是通信问题,因为那里与地球没有直接的视线联系,使得与那里的航天intospace.器进行无线电通信通常是不可能的中国的工程师们为这个问题设计了一个独特的解决方案在嫦娥四号任务之前,他们向太空发射了鹊桥通信卫星)“可知,中国工程师为了解决与嫦娥四号的通信问题,向太空发射了一颗通信卫星故选项D细节理解题根据文章第四段
53.“This experimentworkedforninedays,but ithad tobe stoppedwhen thetemperatures(这个实验运行了九天,但是当温度降至零下时,不得不终止)”可知,封闭生态系droppedbelow-52oC.52°C统面临着极端温度故选项C推理判断题根据文章最后一段
54.“Chinasspaceprogram hasachieved significantmilestones,from themannedShenzhou programtothesuccessfulsoftlanding ofChange-4onthelunarfarside.These achievementsreflect Chinas中国的航天计划已经取得了重大里程碑式的成就,从载人神舟计划到嫦娥growing progressinspaceexploration^四号在月球背面的成功软着陆这些成就彰显了中国在太空探索领域日益增长的进步)”可推知,作者对中国在太空探索方面取得的成就持积极态度故选项A七选五It soundslike somethingfromthefield ofscience fiction—aspaceexploration intovast outerspace,headingtowards theRedPlanetWhilewe9re notquite readytoputapersonon it,the questionwe asktoday is:55()The spacerace sawthe USSRthe Unionof SovietSocialist Republicsand USAcompete toachieve firstsinspaceflight.The USSRreleased Sputnik1,an artificialsatellite,before anyoneelse,56Now itappears thatMars isthebody ofdesire.While tobe thefirst nationto landon itis anobvious draw,there areother reasonswhy wewanttogetthere.57You onlyhavetolook atthe fossilsofthedinosaurs tosee thebenefitoffindinganotherhabitableplanet.While Marsdoesnt havetherightconditions tocall ithome justyet,theres alwaystheconcept ofterraforming-changingthe environmentofa planettosuitourneeds.However,not everyoneagrees.Leading astrophysicistNeil deGrasseTyson hassaid theconceptofchanginghabitability ofaplanetisnotalways practical.58(夕卜星的)It seemsthatthemain reasonatthemoment isthe searchfor alienlife.59Now seeminglydead,thepotential fossilscould answerquestions aboutour ownevolution andthat ofour planet.One theoryis thatbacterial lifeonour planetdidn*t starthere,but wasbrought herevia asteroidfrom Mars.A.andtheUSlandedonthemoonfirst.B.Instead,it makesno sensewhen wecan simplyterraform Earthbecause ofthe damagewehavedonetoit.C.One ofthese couldbe thesurvival ofour species.D.Why areso manycountries interestedin goingto MarsE.It hasbeen believedthat,at onetime,a certainform oflife didexist inthis redplanet.F.Surely inspiringa newgeneration tovisit thestars isreasonable enough.G.May landingon Marsinspire morepeopletobecome interestedin exploringspace【答案】
55.D
56.A
57.C
58.B
59.F【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要说明人类为什么热衷于探索火星,介绍了人类历史中对太空的探索行动,分析了人类想登陆火星背后的原因以及人们对此的看法。
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