高中英语常考词根词缀总结

1派生法一使用后缀通过为单词加入后缀构成另一个词，后缀一般只改变词性，不改变词义1形容词、动词变名词-ence,-ance结尾名词存在exist-existence发生occur-occurrence查阅/参考refer-reference更喜欢/偏好prefer-preference不同differ-difference接受accept-acceptance出现/外表appear-appearance履行perform-performance抵制resist-resistance指导guide-guidance进入enter-entrance保险insure-insurance帮助assist-assistance忍受endure-endurance/tolerate-tolerance-tion,-sion结尾的名词生产produce-production介绍introduce-introduction消费consume-consumption减少reduce-reduction认为/假设assume-assumption/suppose-suppos it ion毁灭des troy-destruction描写describe-description打断interrupt-interruption采纳/收养adopt-adopt ion防止prevent-prevention接收/接待处receive-reception解决solve-solution进化evolve-evolution建议suggest-suggestion心理上的psychology-psychological沿海的coast-coastal种族的race-racial面部的face-facial工业的industry-industri al金融的finance-financial商业的commerce-commercial官方的office-official有益的benefit-beneficial典型的type-typical有影响的influence-influential-ful,Tess结尾的形容词感激的thank-thankful=grateful plenty-plentiful beauty-beautiful充足的success-successful awe-awful faith-faithful peace-peaceful美丽的joy-joyful/cheer-cheerful=enjoyable非常干净的spot-spotless成功的无休止的end-endless可怕的无家可归的home-homeless忠实的无工作的job-jobless二unemployed和平的身无分文的penny-penniless高兴的无私的self-selfless=unselfish无目标的aim-aimless无线的wire-wireless无限的limit-limitless珍贵的/无价的price-priceless=invaluable毫无价值的value-valueless/worth-worthiess无语的speech-speechless上气不接下气的breath-breathless care-careful,careless color-colorful,小心的，粗心的colorless use-useful,useless成果丰硕的，无成效的多彩的，无色的fruit-fruitful,fruitless强大的，无能力的power-powerful,有用的，无用的powerless有意义的，无意义的meaning-meaningfulmeaning]ess=pointless=senseiess痛苦的，不痛的pain-painful,painless后悔的，无悔的regret-regretful,regretless有害的，无害的harm-harmful,harmless闲适宁静的，躁动不安的rest-restful,restless优雅的，粗鲁的grace-graceful,graceless抱有希望的，无望的hope-hopeful,hopeless有帮助的/愿意帮忙的，无助的help-helpful,helpless考虑周至U的/不周到的thought-thoughtful,thoughtless-ious结尾的形容词名词变形容词许多的number-numerous多山的mountain-mountainous冒险的adventure-adventurous紧张的nerve-nervous有毒的poison-poisonous危险的danger-dangerous灾难的disaster-disastrous小心的caution-cautious营养的nutrition-nutritious宗教的religion-religious宽敞的space-spacious有抱负的ambit ion-ambitious神秘的mystery-mysterious-able,-s ible结尾的形容词（不）可预见的predict-unpredictable不可避免的avoid-un avoidab1e不可忘的forget-un forgettable不想要的desire-un desirable不舒服的comfort-un comfortable有不利的favor-unfavorable不合适的suit-un suitable不可忍受的bear-un bearable不可忍受的endure-un endurable不可信的believe-unbelievable不可信的credit-incredible不可接近的access-in accessible看不见的view-invisible不可治愈的cure-in curable支付得起的af for d-af for dab1e适应力强的adapt-adaptable可更新的renew-renewab1e便携的port-portable多变的change-changeable可吃的eat-eatable可依靠的rely-reliable可行的work-workable有价值的value-valuable合理的reason-reasonable高兴的enjoy-enjoyable流行的fashion-fashionable-tive结尾的形容词动词变形容词多产的produce-productive迷人的attract-attractive有创造力的create-creative保护的protect-protective预防性的prevent-preventive健谈的talk—talkative可共替代的alter-alternative相关的relate-relative有教育意义的instruct-instructive有竞争力的compete-competitive名词变形容词有效的effect-effective贵的expense-expensive-tic,-fic结尾的形容词系统的system-systematic科学的science-scientific戏剧般的drama-dramatic浪漫的romance-romantic有同情心的sympathy-sympathetic精力充沛的energy-energetic-en结尾的形容词羊毛的wool-woolen金色的gold-golden木制的wood-wooden以-some结尾的形容词英俊的hand一handsome令人惊叹的awe-awesome令人烦恼的trouble-troublesome烦人的tire-tiresome-ly结尾的形容词致命的dead-deadly活跃的live-lively友好的friend-friendly兄弟般的brother-brotherly有次序的order-orderly昂贵的cost-costly每月的month-monthly每天的day-daily形容词、名词变动词-fy结尾的动词净化pure-purify简化simple-simplify美化beautiful-beaut ify使合理化just-justify使恐惧terrible-terrify使震惊horrible-horrify合格化quality-qualify分类class一classify认出ident ity-ident ify认识至real-realize使现代化modern-modernize使工业化industrial-industrialize使普及popu1ar-popu1arize集权central-central ize使全球化global-globalize使理想化ideal-idealize使稳定stable-stabilize使正常化normal-normalize社会化social-socialize使专门化special-specialize使物质化material-materialize总结summary-summarize记忆memory-memorize-en结尾的动词变暗dark-darken力口快quick-quicken削尖sharp-sharpen削弱weak-weaken松开loose-loosen变紧tight-tighten软化soft-soften使更明亮bright-brighten恶化bad-worsen减少little-lessen减轻/变亮lightTighten变黑black-blacken力口宽broad-broaden缩短short-shorten力口深deep-depth-deepen力口长long-1ength-lengthen力口宽wide-width-widen力口高high-height-heighten力口强strong-strength-strengthen-e结尾的动词（注意发音变化）n.-v.洗澡bath-bathe呼吸breath-breathe给.......穿衣cloth-clothe派生法二使用前缀通过为单词加入前缀构成另一个词，前缀一般不改变词性，只改变词义超过over-无意中听到overhear超过overtake睡过头oversleep推翻overthrow/overturn人口过乘U overpopulation克月艮overcome忽略/俯视overlook重新re-康复/找回recover脱（衣服等）/移开remove续借/更换/续签renew回收利用recycle替代replace使恢复精力refresh改革reform复习review前的pre-前提precondition预告predict战前的prewar幼儿园preschool预演preview前的ex-前妻ex-wife前总统ex-president后的post一战后的post-war研究生postgraduate多的multi-多媒体imiltimedia多元文化的multicultural多项选择的multiple-choice远的tele-电话telephone电视television电报telegram电信telecommunications望远镜telescope相互的inter-面试interview国际的international互联网internet相互作用interact微小的micro-麦克风microphone微波microwave微软microsoft显微镜microscope自动的auto-汽车automobile自传autobiography亲笔签名autograph自动地automatically副的vice-副总统vice-president副总理vice-premier生态的eco-生态学ecology生态系统ecosystem生态友好的eco-friendly潜/次一级sub-潜意识subconscious亚热带的subtropical地铁subway潜水艇submarine郊区的suburban副标题subtitle半semi-办熟练semi-skilled半决赛semi-final三tri-三轮车tricycle三角形triangle横跨trans-转移transfer转变transform传播transmit移植transplant3派生法三表否定的前缀或后缀in-,ir-不活跃的inactive不贵的inexpensive缺乏经验的inexperienced随便的informal不完整的incomplete不方便的inconvenient独立的independent间接的indirect不重要的insignificant无能力的incapable/incompetent不合适的improper/inappropriate不精确的inaccurate/incorrect/inexact不充足的inadequate/insufficient不成熟的immature不耐烦的impatient不完美的imperfect不可能的impossible不礼貌的impolite不合逻辑的illogical不合法的illegal不规则的irregular不负责的irresponsibleun-不寻常的unusual不安的uneasy不公平的unfair/unjust不矢口道的unaware/unconscious不确定的Uncertain不受欢迎的unpopular不普通的uncommon不愉快的unpleasant不重要的unimportant不必要的unnecessary不成功的unsuccessful没被注意unnoticed不整洁的untidy不合理的unreasonable未完成的unfinished/undone脱衣undress打开unfold卸车unload开.......的锁unlock解冻unfreeze出土/挖掘unearth拧开uncover解开undo/unpack揭露uncoverdis-消失disappear不鼓励discourage揭露disclose编辑/版本edit-edition展览exhibit-exhibition打算/意图intend-intention认出r ecognize-recognition解释/定义define-definition保护protect-protection方向/指导direct-direction指令instruct-instruction建设construct-construction注射inject-injection感染infect-infection驳斥reject-rejectionobject-objection/oppose-opposition connect-connectioncollect-collection correct-correction inspect-inspection反对starve-starvation organize-organization civilize-civilization连接收集realize-realization examine-examination determine-determination纠正form-formation inform-information想象imagine-imagination视察运输transport-transportation挨饿组织邀请invite-invitation文明期待expect-expectation认知诱惑tempt-temptation考试决定改编/适应adapt-adaptat ion移民immigrate-immigration模仿形成imitate-imitation准备prepare-preparation探索explore-exploration通知考虑cons ider-considerat ion宣布deciare-declaration装饰decorate-decoration激发/灵感inspire-inspiration放松/休闲relax-relaxation交流communicate-communication占用/职业occupy-occupation满足satisfy-satisfaction申请、应用apply-application发现discover不同意disagree不同意disapprove不服从disobey不诚实的dishonest不满意的dissatisfied可耻的disgraceful弱点disadvantage絮舌L disordermis-误导v.mislead误导的adj.misleading误解v.misunderstand滥用misuse误解n.misunderstanding拼错misspell不信任mistrustanti-防空的anti-aircraft防冻剂antifreeze抗日战争Anti-JapaneseWar反社会的antisocialde-降级degrade减少decrease贬值devalue解冻defrost毁林deforestationill-虐待ill-treat信息不足的ill-informed不礼貌的ill-mannered不合时宜的ill-timed不合适的ill-fitting没教养的ill-bred考虑欠周的ill-considered不健康的illhealthnon-非营利的non-profit直达的non-stop不吸烟者non-smoker防滑的non-slip废话nonsense非暴力non-violence不可再生资源non-renewableresources-free无忧无虑的carefree无利息的interest-free免税的duty-free-proof防水的waterproof防震的shockproof合成形容词adj.+present漂亮的good-looking闻着芳香的sweet-smelling随和的easy-going长相一般的ordinary-lookingadv.+present participle永久的ever-lasting职位高的high-ranking畅销货best-selling goods=bestselleradv.+past participle著名的well-known新婚的newly-married本地制造的locally-produced坚信的firmly-believed密切相关的closely-related广泛接受的widely-accepted穿着随意的informally-dressed容易形成的easily-formed牢固的strongl y-bu ilt高度发达的highly-developed人口稠密的densely-populated正式发行的officially-released正式承认的officially—recognizedn.+present participle省时的time-saving耗能的energy-consuming爱好和平的peace-loving制片的film-making伤心的heart-breaking令人惊叹的breathtaking说英语的English-speaking解决问题的problem-solving令人垂涎的mou th-water ing赢禾Ll的profit-makingn.+past participle国营的state-owned由衷的heartfelt人造的man-made覆盖雪的snow-covered粗糙的weather-beaten国产的home-made一贫如洗的poverty-stricken好奇心驱使的curiosity-driven个体经营的self-employed政府支持的government-backedn.+adj.环保的environment-friendly=environmentally friendly节能的energy-efficient有成本效益的cost-effectiveadj.+n.+-ed心不在焉的absent-minded心地善良的kind-hearted目光短浅的short-sighted近视的near-sighted左撇子的left-handed头发花白的white-haired长尾巴的long-tailed和蔼可亲的good-natured脾气坏的bad-tempered思想开明的open-minded狭隘的narrow-minded头脑简单的simple-minded有空调的air-conditioned n.ea详细的detail-detailed有经验的experience——experienced有天赋的gift一gifted/talent一talented有技能的skill—skilled合成名词缺点drawback框架framework人类mankind发源地birthplace壁炉fireplace木柴firewood标志性建筑landmark手电筒flashlight车前灯headlight床上用品bedclothes日光daylight白天daytime晚间night-time总部/总公司headquarters拂晓sunrise傍晚sunset阳光sunshine城市商业区downtown小山坡hillside合作teamwork瀑布waterfall降雨量rainfall视力eyesight薄饼pancake仓库warehouse软件software硬件hardware草地grassland农田farmland大陆mainland祖国homeland家乡hometown笔记本notebook台式电脑desktop手提电脑laptop立场standpoint邮递员postman/mai Iman电子邮箱mailbox行李箱suitcase公文包briefcase键盘keyboard滑板skateboard滑雪板snowboard冲浪板surfboard摩托车motorcycle彩虹rainbow海岸线coastline截止日期deadline准则guideline标题headline雷暴thunderstorm航空公司airport飞机场airfield航空母舰aircraft carrier暴风雪snowstorm宇宙飞自首spacecraft/spaceship航班airline野外考察fieldwork烟灰缸ashtray茶壶teapot牙刷toothbrush战时wartime军舰warship周工作日weekday周末weekend车间workshop野生动植物wildlife沙尘暴sandstorm泥石流mudslide书架bookshelf数据库database高速公路freeway/expressway/motorway地铁underground/subway/metro/tube鸡尾酒cocktail庭院courtyard墓地graveyard手指甲fingernail明信片postcard观点viewpoint飞机aircraft/aeroplane书虫bookworm蚕silkworm蚯蚓earthworm蝴蝶butterfly蜻蜓dragonfly萤火虫firefly花生peanut板栗chestnut核桃walnut椰子coconut突破breakthrough外卖食物take-away聚会get-together化妆品make-up机构set-up瞭望台lookout收银台checkout体检check-up中间人go-between成年人grown-up儿媳daughter-in-law温室greenhouse行踪whereabouts故障breakdown倒计时countdown密码password关键词keyword养育upbringing爆发outbreakbreak out衰败downfall falldown收入income comein结果outcomecome out旁观者onlooker lookon输入input putin输出/产量outputput out出口outlet letout5转化法名词与动词转化做梦/梦dream看/相貌look支持/后背back通风/空气air改善/较好的better主持/椅子chair上交/手hand着陆/土地land烹调/厨师cook订购/命令order取名/名字name举起/电梯lift描绘/画picture挤压/报刊press照料/护士nurse吸烟/烟smoke站立/看台stand形容词与名词转化冷的/感冒cold后面的/背部back安静的/恬静quiet平静的/安静calm形容词与副词转化深的/深地deep宽的/广泛地wide困难的/努力地hard健康的/很好地well形容词与动词转化更好的/改善better冷静的/使冷静calm凉快的/冷却cool空闲的/节省spare自己的/拥有own最后的/持续last暗示imply-implication推荐recommend-recommendat ion口译、理解interpret-interpretation结合combine-combination操作、手术operate-operation犹豫hesitate-hesitation教育educat e-educat ion定位locate-location指出indicate-indication参力口parti cipate-parti cipation计算calculate-calculation欣赏、感激appreciate-appreciation联想、协会associate-association分离separate-separation冬眠hibernate-hibernation赔偿compensate-compensation调查invest!gate-investigation庆祝celebrate-cel ebration祝贺congratulate-congratulation翻》译translate-translation积累accumulate-accumulation力口速accelerate-accelerat ion捐赠donate-donation解放1iberate-1iberat ion动力motivate-motivation革新innovate-innovation集中concentrate-concentration游行、小威demonstrate-demonstration贡献contribute-contribution分发distribute-distribution促进promote-promotion致力devote-devotion/dedicate-dedication沮丧frustrate-frustration/depress-depression impress-impressionexpress-expression印象、贝才产possess-possession discuss-discussion expand-expansion表达extend-extension admit-admission permit-permission emit-emission拥有爆炸explode-explosion讨论扩大结论conelude-conclusion决定decide-decision戈U分divide-division延伸迷惑confuse-confusion承认允许排放-ment结尾的名词广告advertise-advertisement同意agree-agreement惊奇amaze-amazement吃惊astonish-astonishment通告announce-announcement安排arrange-arrangement评估assess-assessment发展develop-development失望di sappoint-disappointment雇佣、就业emp1oy-emp1oyment鼓舞encourage-encouragement款待、娱乐entertain-entertainment装备equip-equipment统治、政府govern-government改进improve-improvement投资invest-investment卷入involve-involvement管理manage-management惩罚punish-punishment要求require-requirement退休retire-retirement定居settle-settlement陈述state-statement对待、招待、治疗treat-treatment以.为基石出base-basement人行道pave-pavement完成achieve-achievement；accomplish-accomplishment-ness结尾的名词形容词变名词意识aware-awareness/conscious-consciousness苦bitter-bitterness盲目blind-blindness冷静calm-calmness聪明cl ever-cleverness疯狂crazy-craziness渴望eager-eagerness公平fair-fairness愚蠢foolish-foolishness适合fit-fitness幸福、愉快happy-happiness疾病ill-illness友好kind-kindness懒惰lazy-laziness孤独lonely-loneliness宁静quiet-quietness悲伤sad-sadness严重性serious-seriousness甜美sweet-sweetness稳定steady-steadiness厚度thick-thickness累tired-tiredness弱点weak-weakness冷cold-coldness紧张nervous-nervousness思乡homesick-homesickness粗心careless-carelessness自私selfish-selfishnessselfless-selflessness/unselfishunselfishness无助helpless-helplessness无望hopeless-hopelessness-age结尾的名词婚姻marry-marriage短缺short-shortage储存store-storage包裹pack-package车厢carry-carriage通道pass-passage-th结尾的名词温暖warm-warmth真理true-truth死亡dead-death成长grow-growth-ure结尾的名词快乐please-pleasure离开depart-departure压露expose-exposure press-pressure fail-failure mix-mixture失力sign-signature混败签合名暴-ce结尾的名词形容词转变为名词:absent-absence present-presence confident-confidence缺席convenient-convenience different-difference勤奋diligent-diligence出席停心远的、距离distant-distance明显的、证据evident-evidence优秀方便excellent-excellence重要important-importance独立不同independent-independence天真innocent-innocence智力intelligent-intelligence公正just-justice而寸心patient-patience浪漫romant ic-romance沉默silent-silence暴力violent-violence动词转化为名词:冒犯offend-offence防御def end-def ense/defence建议advise-advice设施devise-device-dom结尾的名词自由free-freedom王国king-kingdom智慧wise-wisdom-hood结尾的名词孩童时代childhood男孩时代boyhood邻里neighborhood-ship结尾的名词所有权ownership锦标赛championship友谊friendship手艺craftsmanship奖学金scholarship领导力leadership艰难hardship关系relationship-ing结尾的名词农业farming变暖warming园艺gardening学业schooling绘画painting意思meaning绘画drawing训练training录音tape-recording衣物clothing感觉feeling十字路口crossing工资earnings问候greeting储蓄savings发生的事happenings发现findings财产belongings痛苦sufferings贡品offerings环境surroundings保龄球bowling举重weight-lifting射击shooting摔跤wrestling2名词、动词变形容词-y结尾的形容词名词变形容词阳光灿烂的sun-sunny多雨的rain-rainy被雪覆盖的snow-snowy有风的wind-windy有暴风雪的storm-stormy寒冷的chill-chilly多雾的fog-foggy有霜的frost-frosty冰冷的ice-icy阴沉的gloom-gloomy布满星辰的star-starry泥泞的mud-muddy布满灰尘的dust-dusty脏的dirt-dirty健康的health-healthy富有的wealth-wealthy霸道的boss-bossy臭的smell-smelly美味的taste-tasty咸的salt-salty皮包骨的skin-skinny贪婪的greed-greedy迅速的speed-speedy棘手的、狡猾的trick-tricky动词变形容词爱挑剔的choose-choosy/pick-picky黏的stick-sticky悦耳易记的catch-catchy害怕的scare-scary滑溜的slip-slippery-al,-ial结尾的形容词全球的globe-global文化的culture-cultural农业的agricu1ture-agricu1tura1情景的situation-situational有条件的condition-conditional环境的environment-environmental化学的chemistry-chemical医学的medicine-medical原始的origin-original政治的politics-political实际的practice-practical理论的theory-theoretical音乐的music-musical感情的emotion-emotional国家的nation-national自然的nature-natural个人的person-personal偶尔的occasion-occasional精神上的mind-mental身体上的physics-physical偶然的accident-accidental教育的education-educational技术上的technique-technical。