英语词形变化词缀总结清单-2025届高三英语一轮复习

英语词形变化词缀总结

一、名词后缀

1.-bility:capability/flexibility/responsibility/possibility（注一般以-able结尾的形容词变名词，变为-bility）

2.-ity:complexity/humanity/anxiety/clarity/curiosity

3.-al:arrival/survival/rcvival/approval/rcfusal（注意一般以-ve结尾的动词变名词，变为・val）

4.lion:creation/competition/tradition/prediction/education/action）（注意一般以-tc结尾的动词变名词，变为-tion）另夕卜，assume/consume/presume,5e为p+-tion;dcscribc/subscribc/prcscribc/inscribc/transcribc,变c为p+-tion）

5.-ism（…主义）realism/socialism/capitalism/consumerism/optimism

6.-merit:statement/movement/govemment/achievement

7.-ncss（情绪、品质）sadncss/happincss/Ionclincss/shyncss/wcakncss

8.-ssion:emission/admission/permission/commission/impression（注意一般以・mit结尾的动词变名词，变t为・ssion）

9.-ship（状态、身份、职位、技艺）friendship/meinbership/hardship/championship/craftsmanship

10.-ology（学科、领域）biology/ecology/geology/physiology/psychology/archaeology/technology/sociology

11.-urc:prcssurc/advcnturc/furniture/failure/mcasure/plcasure/tcxturc

12.-tive:native/detective/initiative

二、指人的后缀

1.-ian:niusician/comedian/technician/electrician/liistorian/magician/physician/politician/li brarian/vegetarian

2.-ant:accountant/assistant/merchant/applicant/immigrant/emigrant/descendant/inhabitant/pcasant/scrvant/tcnant

3.-ent:patient/agent/adolescent/resident/opponent/president/patient

4.-ee:cmployce/intcrv;icwce/rcfugce/rcfcrcc/signcc/traince/appointcc/addrcsscc/nomiee/absentee

5.-er/-or/-ar（人、物）philosopher/astronomer/adventurer/advertiser/announcer/baker/cooker/creator/director/author/ambassador/ancestor/operator/editor/sailor/imitator/collector/profcssor/administrator/conductor/invcntor/calculator/govcrnor/scholar/liar/bcggar/burglar/registrar

6.-ist:scientist/chemist/typist/physicist/receptionist/joumalist/biologist/geologist/artist/botanist/touri st/noveli st/specia list/violinist

7.-ate:candidatc/graduate/advocate/delegate

8.-ary:secretary/adversary

9.-al:rival/criminal/principal/local

三、形容词后缀

1.-able:flexible/capable/suitable/desirable/unbelievable/confbrtable/reliable

2.-al:fundamental/environmental/normal/fonnal/accidental/emotional/magical

3.-ful:gratcful/shamcful/fbrgctful/rcspcctful/hclpful/powcrful/faithful/harmful

4.-ic/-ical:energetic/public/optimistic/pessimistic/enthusiastic/electric/classic/economic/scientific/historic/magic/tragic/comic/economical/historical/alphabetical/analytical/chemical/classical/critical/electrical/logical/mathematical/mechanical/medical/musical/numcrical/pcriodical/physical/political/practical/skcptical/tcchnical/theoretical/typical

5.-ish:childish/selfish/bookish/fbolish

6.-ive:creative/objective/subjective/positive/negative/attractive/sensitive/destmctive/rcstrictivc/addictivc/imprcssivc/innovativc/dcfcnsivc/cxpansivc/comprchcnsive/passive/active

7.-less:spccchlcss/carclcss/cndlcss/timclcss/hopclcss/usclcss/fcarlcss/powcrlcss/mcaningless/aimless/countless

8.-ous:adventurous/ambitious/glorious/serious/conscious/spacious/humourous

9.-ant/-ent:confident/diligent/vibrant/different/abundant/elegant/constant/distant/brilliant

10.-some:troublcsomc/tircsomc/handsomc/avvcsomc

11.-ary:literary/imaginary/elementary/temporary/stationary/secondary/revolutionary

12.-cn:goldcn/woodcn/woolcn/

13.-like（像…）childlike/li回ike

14.-ly:livcly/lovcly/fricndly/dcadly/timcly/cldcrly/silly/daily/wcckly/monthly/ycarly

15.-y:airy/dusty/sticky/wealthy/muddy/sunny/rainy/cloudy/fbggy/windy/stormy/thirsty/sleepy/tasty/salty/hilly/guilty

16.-ward（向...）backward/upward/dovvnvvard/northward

四、动词后缀

1.-en:deepen/widen/broaden/darken/strengthen/threaten/tighten/lengthen

2.-fy:beautify/purify/simplify/classify/intensify/clarify/identify/satisfy/terrify

3.-ize/-ise:rccognize/sympathizc/criticize/familiarizc/minimizc/maximizc

五、否定前缀

1.dis-:disadvantagc/disconncct/discouragc/disablc/discomfbrt/dishoncsty

2.mis-（错误）misunderstand/mislead/misuse/misjudge

3.non-:non-stop/non-profit/non-violent/non-existent

4.un-:unlock/uncmploymcnt/uncovcr/unrcliable/unccrtain/unimportant

5.im-:impatient/immoral/impossible/impolite/imperf€ct/improper/impure

6.-in:independent/incorrect/inaccurate/ineffective/inconsistent/incapable

7.-ir:irresponsible/irregular/irreligious/irrational/irreplaceable

8.-il:i1legal/illogical/i11iterate

9.de-:dccrcasc/dcfbrcst/dcfrost/dcvaluc/dccolor

10.ab-:abnormal/abuse

11.mal-（不当）malfunction/maltreat/malnourish/malpractice

12.anti-（反对，抵抗）:anti-war/antivirus/antibody

13.counter-（抵抗，反对）counterattack/counteract/counterclockwise。