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Difficult tofind experiencedcandidates.Because ofthis,some of the bestwomen havecollected asmanyas25-35directorships each,and areknown in Norwegian business circles as the goldenskirts**.Onereason for the scarcityis that there arefairly fewwomen inmanagement in Norwegian companies---theyoccupy around15%of seniorpositions.It has been particularlyhard forfirms in the oil,technology andfinancialindustries tofind women with aenough experience.Some peopleworry thattheir relativelack ofexperience maykeep womenquiet onboards,and thatInturn couldmean thatboards might become lessable tohold managersto account.Recent historyinNorway,however,suggests thatthe rightwomen canmake strongdirectors.nWomen feelmore compelledthanmen to do theirhomework/says MsReksten Skaugen,who wasvoted Norwayschairman of the yearfor,and we can affordto askthe hardquestions,because womenare notalways expectedto knowtheanswers.
41.The authormentions Ibsensplay in the firstparagraph in order to.A.depict womensdilemma atworkB.explain the newly passedlawC.support NorwegiangovernmentD.introduce thetopic underdiscussion
42.A publiccompany thatfails toobey the new lawcould beforced to.A.pay aheavy fineB.close downits businessC.change toa privatebusinessD.sign adocument promisingto act
43.To whichof the following isSverre Munckmost likely to agreeA.A setratio ofwomen in a boardis unreasonable.B.A reasonablequota forwomen atwork needsto beset.C.A commonprinciple should be followedby allcompanies.D.An inexperiencedbusinessman is not subjectto thenew law.author attributesthe phenomenonof Hgoldenskirts11to.A.the smallnumber ofqualified femalesin managementB.the over-recruitment offemale managersin publiccompaniesC.the advantagewomen enjoywhen competingfor seniorpositionsD.the discriminationtoward women inNorwegianbusinesscircles
45.The mainidea of the passagemightbe.A.female power and liberationin NorwayB.the significanceof Henric Ibsens playC.womens statusinNorwegianfirmsD.the constitutionof boardmembers inNorwayPASSAGE
2.While theresnever a good ageto getcancer,people in their20s and30s canfeel particularlyisolated.The averageage of a cancer patient atdiagnosis is
67.Children withcancer oftenare treatedat pediatriccancercenters,but young adults havea toughtime findingpeers,often sittingside-by-side duringtreatments withpeople who could be their grandparents.In hernew bookCrazy SexyCancer Tips,writer Kris Carr looksat cancerfrom theperspective of ayoung adultwho confrontsdeath just as shesdiscovering life.Ms.Carr was31when shewas diagnosedwitha rarefrom ofcancer thathad generatedtumors onher liverand lungs.Ms.Carr reactedwith thenormal feelingsof shockand sadness.She calledher parents and stockedupon organicfood,determined to become aH full-time healingaddict.H Thenshe pickedup thephone andcalledeveryone inher addressbook,asking if they knewother youngwomenwithcancer.The resultwas herownpersonal ncancer posse”a rockconcert tourmanager,a model,a fashionmagazine editor,a cartoonistand aMTVcelebrity,to namea few.This clubof Hcancerbabes offeredsupport,advice andfashion tips,amongother things.Ms.Carr puther cancerexperience ina recentLearning Channeldocumentary,and she has writtenapractical guideabout howshe coped.Cancer isntfunny,but Ms.Carr oftenis.She swears,she makesupnames for the people who treatherDr.Fabulous and Dr.Guru,and sheeven makessecond soundfuncancer roadtrips,she callsthem.She leavesthe medicaladvice to doctors,instead offeringinsightful andpractical tipsthat reflecttheworld viewof ayoungadult.nI refusedto letcancer ruinmy party/she writes.n Therearejust toomany coolthings todo andplan andlive for.”Ms.Carr stillhas cancer,but it has stoppedprogressing.Her cancertips includeusing time-saving masse-mails tokeep friendsinformed,sewing orbuying fashionablehospital gownsso yourenot stuckwithregulation blueor grayand playingGloria GaynorsHI WillSurvive0so loudyou neighborscall the police.Ms.Carr alsoadvises aneyebrow waxand anew outfitbefore youtell theimportant peoplein yourillness.npeople youtell aregoing tocautious andnot socautiously tryto seethe cancer,so dazzlethem insteadwithyour miracle/she writes.While heradvice maysound superficial,it getsto theheart ofwhat everycancerpatientwants:thechance tolive lifejust asshe alwaysdid,and maybebetter.
46.Which of the followinggroups is more vulnerableto cancerA.Children.B.People intheir20sand30s.C.Young adults.D.Elderly people.
47.All of thefollowingstatements aretrue EXCEPT.A.Kris Carris afemale writerB.Kris Carrismorethan31-year-old.C.Kris Carrworks ina cancercenter.D.Kris Carris veryoptimistic.
48.The phrasecancerposse11Line4,probably referstoA.a cancerresearch organizationB.a groupof people who sufferfrom cancerC.peoplewhohave recoveredfrom cancerD.peoplewhocope withcancer
49.KrisCarrmake upnames for the peoplewho treather becauseA.she isdepressed andlikes swearingB.she isfunny andlikes playingjokes ondoctorC.she wantsto leavethe medicaladvice todoctorD.she triesto leaveagoodimpression ondoctor
50.From KrisCarrs cancertips we may inferthatA.she learnedto usee-mails aftershe gotcancerB.she wearsfashionable dresseven aftersuffering fromcancerC.hospital gownsfor cancerpatients areusually notin brightcolorsD.the neighborsare veryfriendly withcancer patientsPASSAGESoQuestions51to55are basedon thefollowing passage:Having analyzedthe useof softand hard power inpolitics anddiplomacy inhis previousbooks,hasnow turnedhis attentionto therelationship betweenpowerandleadershipjn boththe political andbusiness,he notes,concluded thatHone oughtto beboth fearedand loved,but asit isdifficult forthe twoto gotogether,it ismuch safertobefeared thanloved.nIn short,hard poweris preferableto softmodem leadershiptheoristshave come to theopposite conclusion.The dominanttheoretical modelof leadershipatthemoment is apparently,the transformational（反感）leadership pattem^.Anone allergicto managementterm willalready berunning forthe exit,butMr,Nye hasperformed avaluable servicein roundingup andsummarizing thevarious academicstudies andtheoriesof leadcrishipinto asingle,slim examinesdifferent approachesto leadership,the moralityofleadership andhow thewider contextcan determinethe effectivenessof aparticular areplenty ofanecdotesand examples,both historicaland contemporary,politicalandcorporate.Alsa,leadership is a slipperysubject,and ashe depictsvarious theories,even neverquite nailsthe jellytothe isat hismost interestingwhen discussingthe moralaspects of leadershipin particular,the questionofwhether itis sometimesnecessary forgood leadersto lie-and heprovides ahelpful12-point summaryof hisrecumingtheme isthat ascircumstances change,different sortsofleadersarerequired;a leaderwho thrivesin oneenvironment maystruggle inanother,and vicethat isjustafancy wayofsaying thatleadership offersno easyanswers.the firsttwo paragraphswe maylearn thansidea ofhardpoweris.accepted byJoseph Nyeinfluentialtill nowadaysonsound theoriestothat ofmodem leadershiptheoristsof thefollowing makessoft powermore importanttoday according tois widespread.is devalued.isnolonger concentrated.hierarchies arestrengthenedhis bookthe Powersto lead,has exminedall thefollowing aspectsof leadershipEXCEPT.little useof managementterms variousstudies conciselyas an exitfor leadershipresearchersa modelfor contemporarycorporate leadersto the author,the mostinteresting partofs booklies inhis.of changeableleadershipof goodleadershipof leadershiphistoryof moralleadershipPASSAGE4Questions56to60are basedon thefollowing passage:Americans dontlike tolose wars.Of course,a lotdepends on how youdefine justwhat a war is.Thereare shootingwars-the kindthat testpatriotism andcourage-and thoseare thekind atwhich theexcels.Butother strugglestest thosequalities too.What elsewas theGreat Depressionorthespace raceor theconstructionof therailroads IfAmerican indulgeinabit offlag-when thejob isdone,they earnedit.（恶化）Now there isasimilar challenge.Global warming.The steadydeterioration ofthe veryclimateof this very planetis becoming awarofthefirst order,and by any measure,the.produces nearlya quarterofthe worldsgreenhouse gaseseach yearand hasstubbornly madeit clearthat itdoesnt intendtodoa wholelotabout it.Although174nations approvedthe admittedlyflawed Kyotoaccords toreduce carbonlevels,the.walked away from them.There arevague promisesof manufacturingfuel fromherbs orpowering carswithhydrogen.But for a countrythat tightlycites patriotismas oneof itscore values,the.is takinga passonwhat mightbethe most patrioticstruggle ofall.Its hard to imaginea biggerfight thanone forthe survivalofa countrys coasts andfarms,the healthof itspeople andstability of its economy.The rubis,ifthevast majorityof peopleincreasingly agreethat climate change isa globalemergency,theres farless agreementonhowto fixit.Industry offersits pans,which toooften wouldfix little.Environmentalists offertheirs,which toooften amountto nativewish liststhat couldweaken Americansgrowth.But letsassume thatthose interestedparties and others willalways bentthe tableand willalwaysdemand thattheir voicesbe heardand thattheir needsbe addressed.What wouldan aggressive,ambitious,effective planlook like-one thatwould leavethe.both environmentallysafe andeconomically soundHaltingclimate changewill befar harder.One ofthe moreconservative plansfor addressingtheproblem callsfor areduction of25billion tonsof carbonemissions overthe next52year.And yetby（实用主义）devising aconsistent strategythat mixesand blendspragmatism with ambition,the.can,withoutmajor damageto theeconomy,help haltthe worsteffects ofclimatechangeand ensurethe survivalof itswayof lifefor futuregenerations.Money willdo someofthework,but what*s neededmostis will.nFm notsaying thechallenge isntalmost overwhelming/says FredKrupp.nBut thisis America,and Americahas risento thesechallenges before.
56.What doesthe passagemainly discussA.Human wars.B.Economic crisis.C.Americas environmentalpolicies.D.Global environmentin general.
57.From thelast sentenceof paragraph2wemaylearn thatthe survivalofacountryscoastsandfarms,the healthof itspeople andthe stabilityofitseconomy is.A.of utmostimportanceB.a fightno onecan winC.beyond peoplesimaginationD.a lesssignificant issue
58.Judging from the context,the wordHrubnLine1,probably means.A.frictionB.contradictionC.conflict【经典资料，文档，可编辑修改】wo RD【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，文档，可修改】WORD月联考真题及参考答案1MBAPart IVocabulary andStructure10%Direction:There are20incomplete sentencesin this part.For eachsentence there are four choicesmarked A,B,C,and D.Choose theONE answerthat bestcompletes thesentence.Then blackenthecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha pencil.
1.The poorlady wastoo anddistressed totalk aboutthe tragedy.A.engaged B.exhaustedC.ignorant D.energetic
2.At fist,the famouspainting doesntimpress theaudience at all.A.glance B.gazeC.stare D.view
3.Delegates agreeto theplan in,but therewere somedetails theydidnt approve.A.discipline B,theoryC.principle D.nature
4.1took themedicine lOminutesago,but thebitterness isstill inmy mouth.D.problem
59.What is the authorsattitude towardAmericas policieson globalwarmingA.CriticalB.IndifferentC.SupportiveD.Compromising
60.The paragraphsimmediately followingthis passagewould mostprobably deal with.A.thenewbook writtenby FredKruppB.how Americacan fightagainst globalwarmingC.the harmfuleffects of global warmingD.how Americacan tideover economiccrisis翻译With thenations financialsystem teeteringon acliff.The compensationarrangements forexecutivesof thebig banksandotherfinancial firmsare comingunder closeexamination again.Bankers9excessive risk-taking isa significantcause ofthis financialcrisis and has continued,to othersinthe past,in thiscase,it wasfueled bylow interestrates andkept goingbyafalse senseof securitycreatedby adebt-fueled bubbleintheeconomy.Mortgage lendersgladly lentenormous sumsto thosewhocouldnot affordto paythem backdividingthe lawsand sellingthem offtothenext financialinstitution alongthe chain,advantage ofthe samehigh-tech securitizationto loadon morerisky mortgage-based assets.Financial regulationwill haveto catchup withthemostirresponsible practicesthat ledbanks downinthis road,in hopesaverting thenext crisis,which islikelytoinvolve differentfinancial techniquesanddifferent sortsof assets.But itis worthexamining theroot problemof compensationschemes thatare tiedtoshort-term profitsand revenues,and thusencourage bankersto takeirresponsible risks.Part VWriting20%Direction:In thissection,you areasked towrite anessay basedon thefollowing information.Makecomments andexpress yourown opinion.You shouldwrite at least150words onAnswer Sheet
2.At present,thereisno doubtthat short message playsan increasinglyimportant rolein ourlives.Weare allaware that,like everythingelse,short messagehave bothfavorable andunfavorable aspects.Generally speaking,the advantagescan belisted asfollows.First ofall,in festivals,we cansend shortmessagesto wishgood luckto otherpeople weknow.It bringsus alot ofconvenience.Inaddition,short messageconnects itsusers withthe outsideworld.For example,some peoplesubscribeweather forecastor newsshort messages,with them,peoples lifewill begreatly enriched.But itis pitythat everycoin hastwo sides.The disadvantagesof shortmessage cantbe ignored.Wespend toomuch timeon spellingour wordsand sendingshort messagesthat wecant focuson ourstudies.Also,you willalways beannoyed bystrangers shortmessages oneafter another.As isknown toall,shortmessageis neithergood norbad itself.In myopinion,wecanuse it.But weshouldntspend toomuch timeon itand dontlet itdisturb usfrom ourlives.答案SECRTON IMOBACDD CBAAC11-20BBABD DBACB21-30CDDBC BDDBA31-40BACDA DBCAC41-50BBAAC CCBCC51-60DCABD CAAAC因为国家金融体制处于危机边缘动荡，一些大银行和金融机构中高级管理人员赔偿金计划就受到亲密关注.银行家们过分冒险是金融危机至关主要原因，在历史上也有类似情况.在这种情况下,通常是由低息引发并造成连续错觉，其实是一个债务泡沫经济.抵押贷款人很愿意把大量资金借给无力偿还人，就把贷款瓜分了,并沿这么链条出售给下一个金融机构，这些做法都在利用高科技证券业，结果，却增加了抵押资产风险.金融条例必须能应付这种能使银行下滑，最不负责任做法,以期扭转下一个危机，而这下一个危机很可能包含有各种类型技术和资产.但值得审阅赔偿金计划根本问题，因为那是眼前利益，但却让银行家们不负责任甘冒风险.A.scattering B.fellingC.maintaining D.lingering
5.Since theof humanhistory,human beingshave beenasking questionslike nWhatistheessence oflife/1A.dusk B.dustC.twinkle C.Dawn
6.The eldestson allthe familymembers todiscuss howto celebratethe50th weddinganniversaryof theirparents.A.Clustered B.resembledC.assembled D.rendered
7.1must leavenow,,if youwant thatbook ILLbring ityou tomorrow.
1.Accidentally B.Incidentally
2.Occasionally D.Subsequently
8.My motherisalight sleeper,to anysound evenas lowasthehumming ofmosquito.A.alert B.acuteC.keen D.immune
9.The newlybuilt factoryis inurgent needofanumber ofskilled andworkers.A.consistent B.consciousC.confidential D.conscientious
10.As anoutstanding scholar,hehasbecome tothe researchteam.A.senior B.juniorC.indispensible C.independent
11.Sixteen daysafter theearthquake,40people,intheirvillage,were rescued.A.trapped B.confinedC.enclosed D.captured
12.Working farawayfromhome,Jerry had to fromdowntown tohis officeeveryday.A.wander B.commuteC.ramble D.motion
13.The financeminister hasnot beenso sincehe raisedtaxes toan unbearablelevel.A.famous B.favorableC.popular D.preferable
14.It isunimaginable forsomeone insuch ahigh inthe governmentto behaveso badlyin public.A.situation B.positionC.profession D.appointment
15.Information givento employeesmust be,clear andin easy-to-follow language.A-convenient B.continuousC・constant D.concise
16.John wasvery upsetbecause hewas by thepolicewith breakingthe law.A.sentenced B.arrestedC.accused D.charged
17.David likescountry lifeandhasdecided farming.A.go infor B.go backonC.go alongwith D.go throughwith
18.Jennifer hasnever reallyher sonsdeath.It*sveryhardtoaccept theface thatshellnever havea child.A.cometoterms withB.come upagainstC.come outwith D.come downto
19.A nationaldebate isnow aboutwhether weshould replacegolden weekswith paidVacations.A.inthe way B.bythewayC.under wayD.out oftheway
20.When apsychologist doesa generalexperiment aboutthe humanmind,he selectspeopleand asksthem questions.A.at easeB.at randomB.in essenceD.in sumIn1999,the priceof oilhovered around$16a barrel.By,it had21the$100a barrelmark.The reasonsforthe surge22fromthedramatic growthoftheeconomies ofchina andIndia towidespread23inoil-producing regions,including Iraqand Nigeriasdelta region.Triple-digit oilprices have24the economicandpolitical mapoftheworld,25some oldnotions ofpower.Oil-rich nationsare enjoyinghistoric gainsandopportunities,26major importers-including chinaandIndia,home toa thirdoftheworlds population-27rising economicand socialcosts.Managing thisnew orderis fastbecomingacentral28ofglobalpolitics.Countries thatneed oilareclawing ateach otherto29scarce supplies,and arewilling todealwithany government,30how unpleasant,todoit.In manypoor nationswith oil,the profitsare beingJost tocorruption,31these countriesof theirbesthope fordevelopment.And oilis fuelingenormous investmentfunds runby foreigngovernments,32somein thewest seeasanew threat.Countries likeRussia,Venezuela andIran arewell suppliedwith risingoil33,a changereflected innewlyaggressive foreignpolicies.But someunexpected countriesare reapingbenefits,34costs,from higherprices.Consider Germany.35it importsvirtually allits oil,ithasprospered fromextensive tradewith aboomingRussia andthe MiddleEast.German exportsto Russia36128percent fromto.In theUnited States,as alreadyhigh gasprices rose37higher inthe springof,the issuecropped upinthe presidentialcampaign,with SenatorsMcCain andObama38forafederal gastax holidayduring thepeaksummer drivingmonths.And drivinghabits beganto39,as salesof smallcars jumpedand masstransportsystems40the countryreported asharp increasein riders.
21.A.come B.gone C.crossed D.arrived
22.A.covered B.discovered C.arranged D.ranged
23.A.intensity B.infinity C.insecurity D.instability
24.A.drawn B.redrawn C.retained D.reviewed
25.A.fighting B.struggling C.challenging D.threatening
26.A.and B.while C.thus D.though
27.A.confine B.conflict C.conform D.confront
28.A.problem B.question C.matter D.event
29.A.look for B.lock upC.send outD.keep off
30.A.no matterB.what ifC.only ifD.in spiteof
31.A.abolishing B.depriving C.destroying D.eliminating
32.A.what B.that C.which D.whom
33.A.interests B.taxes C.incomes D.revenues
34.A.as manyas B.as goodas C.as faras D.as wellas
35.A.Although B.Because C.Since D.As
36.A.advanced B.grew C.reduces D.multiplied
37.A.even B.still C.rather D.fairly
38.A.asking B.requesting C.calling D.demanding
39.A.change B.turn C.shift D.transform
40.A.forB.from C.across D.overPart IIIReading Comprehension40%Direction:There are4passages inthispart.Each passageis followedby somequestions orunfinishedstatements.For eachof themtherearefourchoicesmarked A,B,C,andD.You shoulddecide on the bestchoice.Then blackenthe correspondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithapencil.PASSAGE
1.HenricIbsen.author ofthe playnADolfs House,in whicha pretty,helpless housewifeabandonsHer husbandand childrento seeka moreserious life,would surelyhave approved..From January1st,,all publiccompanies inNorway areobliged toensure thatatleast40%of theirboard directorsarewomen.Most firmshave obeyedthe law,which waspassed inabout75out ofthe480or socompaniesit affectsare stilltoo maleforthegovernments liking.They willshortly receivea letterinformingthem thatthey haveuntil theend ofFebruary toact,or facethe legalconsequences-whichcould includebeing dissolved.Before the law wasproposed,about7%of boardmembers inNorway werefemale,accordingtotheCentre forCorporate Diversity.The numberhas sincejumped to36%.That isfar higherthan theaverage of9%for bigcompanies acrossEurope orAmericas15%fortheFortune*s stockexchange andits mainbusinesslobby opposethelaw,as domany businessmen/11am againstquotas forwomen ormen asa matterofprinciple/says SverreMunck,head ofinternational operationsatamedia firm.Board membersof publiccompaniesshouldbechosen solelyonthebasis ofmerit andexperience/be says.Several firmshave evengivenup theirpublic statusinorderto escapethenewlaw.Companies havehadtorecruit about1,000womeninfour years.Many complainthat ithasbeen。
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