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Part1Writing30minutesFor thispart,you areallowed30minutes to write ashort essayon livingin the virtual world.Try toimaginewhat willhappen whenpeople spendmore and more timein thevirtual worldinsteadofinteracting in the realworld.You arerequired towrite atleast150words butno more than200words.Part IIListening Comprehension30minutesIn thissection,you willhear twolong conversations.At the end ofeach conversation,you willhear fourquestions.Both the conversation and the questionswill bespoken onlyonce.After youhear aquestion,you mustchoose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A,B,C andD.Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the center.Questions1to4are based on theconversation you have justheard.
1.A Projectorganizer.B Publicrelations officer.C Marketingmanager.D Marketresearch consultant.
2.A Quantitativeadvertising research.B Questionnairedesign.C Researchmethodology.D Interviewertraining.
3.A Theyare intensivestudies ofpeoples spendinghabits.B Theyexamine relationsbetween producers and customers.C Theylook fornew andeffective ways to promote products.D Theystudy trendsor customersatisfaction overa longperiod.
4.A Thelack ofpromotion opportunity.B Checkingcharts and tables.[I]But there are alsomany examplesof growingwealthby trashingthe environment,in rich and poor parts of6the worldalike,whether throughunregulatedmineral extraction,drastic wateruse for agriculture,slash-and-burn farming,or（大量消耗）fossil-fuel-guzzling transport.Of course,such growthmay notpersist in the longterm—which is what Mr.Brown and the Stockholmdeclaration wereboth attemptingto pointout.Perhaps thebestexample ofboom growthand bustdecline is the GrandBanks fishery.For almostfive centuriesa（鳄鱼）very largesupply ofcod provided abundant rawmaterial foran industrywhich atits peakemployedabout40,000people,sustaining entirecommunities inNewfoundland.Then,abruptly,the codpopulationcollapsed.There were no longerenough fishin the sea for the stockto maintain itself,letalone anindustry.More than a decadelater,there wasno signof theecosystem re-building itself.It had,apparently,been fishedout ofexistence;and theonce mightyNewfoundland fleetnow gropesaboutfrantically forcrab on theseafloor.[J]There is a viewthat modernhumans are inevitably sowingthe seedsof aglobal GrandBanks-styledisaster.The ideais that we aretaking moreout ofwhat youmight callthe planefsenvironmental bankbalancethan it can sustain;we areliving beyondour ecological means.One recentstudy attemptedtocalculate theextent ofthis uecological overshootof thehuman economy/5and foundthatwe are using
1.2Earth9s-worth ofenvironmental goodsand services-the implicationbeing that at somepoint thedebtwill becalled in,and allthose services—the thingswhich theplanet doesfor usfor free—will grindto ahalt.[K]Whether this is right,and ifso whereand when the ecologicalaxe will fall,is hard to determinewith any precision——which is why governmentsand financialinstitutions areonly beginningto bringsuchrisks into their economiccalculations.It is also thereason whydevelopment agenciesare notunitedin theirview ofenvironmental issues;while some,like theWRI,maintain thatenvironmental progressneedsto gohand-in-hand witheconomic development,others arguethat thepriority isto builda thrivingeconomy,and thenuse thewealth createdto tackle environmental degradation.[L]This viewassumes thatrich societieswill investin environmentalcare.But isthis rightDo thingsgetbetter orworse aswe getricher Herethe Stockholmdeclaration is ambiguous.In thedevelopingcountries,“it says,“most of the environmental problems arecaused byunder-development.So it issaying that economic developmentshould makeforacleaner worldNot necessarily;In theindustralizedcountries,environmentalproblemsare generallyrelated toindustrialization andtechnologicaldevelopment Jit continues.In otherwords,poor andrich bothover-exploit the naturalworld,but fordifferent reasons.TVs simplynot true thateconomic growth willsurely makeour worldcleaner.[M]Clearly,richer societiesare ableto provideenvironmental improvementswhich liewell beyondthereach ofpoorer communities.Citizens ofwealthy nationsdemand nationalparks,clean rivers,cleanair andpoison-free food.They also,however,use farmore natural resources-fuel,water allthose bathsandgolf coursesand buildingmaterials.[N]A casecan bemade thatrich nationsexport environmentalproblems,the mostgraphic examplebeingclimate change.As acountrys wealthgrows,so doits greenhousegas emissions.The figuresavailable willnot becompletely accurate.Measuring emissionsis nota precisescience,particularly whenit comes to issuessurrounding landuse;not allnations havereleased up-to-date data,and in any case,emissions fromsome sectorssuch as aviation are not includedin nationalstatistics.Butthe datais exactenough fora cleartrend to be easilydiscernible.As countriesbecome richer,theyproduce moregreenhouse gases;and the impact ofthose gaseswillfallprimarily inpoorpartsof theworld.[O]Wealth is not,of course,the onlyfactor involved.The averageNorwegian is better offthan theaverageUS citizen,but contributesabout halfas muchto climatechange.But couldNorway keepitsstandard of living andyet cutits emissionsto Moroccanor evenEthiopian levelsThat question,repeated acrossa dozenenvironmental issuesand acrossour diverseplanet,iswhatwill ultimatelydeterminewhether thehuman raceis livingbeyond itsecologicalmeansas itpursues economicrevival.注意此部分试题请在答题卡上作答
236.Examples showthat bothrichandpoor countriesexploited theenvironment foreconomic progress.
37.Environmental protection and improvementbenefit peopleall overthe world.
38.It is not necessarilytruethateconomicgrowthwill makeour worldcleaner.
39.The common theme of the UNreports is the relationbetween environmentalprotection andeconomicgrowth.
40.Development agenciesdisagree regardinghow totackleenvironmentissues whileensuringeconomic progress.
41.It isdifficult tofind solidevidence toprove environmentalfriendliness generatesmore profitsthanexploiting thenatural environment.
42.Sustainable managementof ecosystemswill proverewarding in the longrun.
43.A politiciannoted for being cautiousasserts thatsustainable humandevelopment dependson thenatural environment.
44.Poor countrieswill have to bearthe costfor richnations,economic development.
45.One recentstudy warnsus of the dangerof theexhaustion of naturalresourceson Earth.Section CDirections:There aretwo passagesin thissection.Each passageis followedby somequestions orunfinishedstatements.For eachof themthere arefour choicesmarked A,B,Cand D.You shoulddecide on the best choiceand markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with asingle linethroughthe center.Passage OneQuestions46to50are basedon thefollowing passage.Interactive television advertising,which allowsviewers touse their remote controlsto clickonadvertisements,has beenpushed foryears.Nearly adecade agoit waspredicted thatviewers of“Friends,“a popularsituation comedy,would soonbe ableto purchasea sweaterlike JenniferAnistonswith afew tapson theirremote control.Its been the year of interactive television advertisingfor thelastten or twelve yearsJ saysColin Dixonof adigital-media consultancy.So thenews thatCablevision,an Americancable company,was rollingout interactiveadvertisements toallits customerson October6th wasgreeted withsome skepticism.During commercials,an overlaywillappear at the bottomof thescreen,prompting viewersto pressa buttonto requesta freesample orordera catalogue.Cablevision8hopes toallow customersto buythings with theirremotecontrols earlynextyear.Television advertisingcould dowith aboost.Spending fellby10%in the first halfof theyear.Thepopularization of digital video recorders hascaused advertisersto worry that theircommercials will beskipped.Some areturning to the Internet,which ischeaper andoffers concretemeasurements likeclick-through rates-especially importantat atime whenmarketing budgetsare tight.With thelaunch ofinteractive advertising,many of the dollarsthat wentto theInternet willcome back to the TV“saysDavid Klineof Cablevision.Or so the industryhopes.In theory,interactive advertisingcan engageviewers ina waythat30-second spotsdo not.Unilever（除臭齐！）recently ranan interactivecampaign forits Axedeodorant J,which keptviewers engagedformore thanthree minuteson average.The amountspent oninteractive advertisingon televisionis stillsmall.Magna,an advertisingagency,reckons it will beworth about$138million this year.That fallsfar shortof thebillions ofdollars peopleonceexpected itto generate.But DirecTV,Comcast andTime WarnerCable haveall investedinit.Anew effortled byCanoe Ventures,a coalitionof leadingcable providers,aims to make interactiveadvertisingavailable acrossAmerica laterthis year.BrightLine iTV,which designsand sellsinteractiveads,says interesthas surged:it expectsits revenuesalmost totriple this year.BSkyB,Britains biggestsatellite-television service,already provides9million customerswith interactiveads.Yet thereare doubtswhether peoplewatching television,a leanback“medium,crave interaction.Click-through rateshave beenhigh sofar around3-4%,compared withless than
0.3%online,but that注意此部分试may bea result of thenovelty.Interactive adsand viewersmight notgo welltogether.题请在答题卡上作答
246.What doesColin Dixonmean bysaying Its beentheyearofinteractivetelevision advertising forthelast tenortwelveyears Lines3-4,Para.1A Interactivetelevision advertisingwill becomepopular in10-12years.B Interactivetelevision advertisinghas beenunder debatefor thelast decadeor so.C Interactivetelevisionadvertisingis successfulwhen incorporatedinto situationcomedies.D Interactivetelevisionadvertisinghas notachieved theanticipated results.
47.What is the publicsresponse toCablevisions plannedinteractive TV advertising programAPretty positive.B Totallyindifferent.C Somewhat doubtful.D Rathercritical.
48.What is theimpact of thewide use ofdigitalvideorecorderson TV advertisingA Ithas madeTVadvertisingeasily accessibleto viewers.B Ithelps advertisersto measurethe click-through rates.C Ithas placedTVadvertisingat agreat disadvantage.D Itenables viewersto checkthe salesitems withease.
49.What dowe learnabout Unileversinteractive campaignA It provesthe advantageof TVadvertising.B Ithas donewell inengaging theviewers.C Ithelps attractinvestments in the company.D Ithas boostedtheTVadvertising industry.
50.How does the authorview thehitherto highclick-through ratesA They maybe dueto thenovel wayof advertising.B Theysignify thepopularity ofinteractiveadvertising.C Theypoint to the growingcuriosity ofTV viewers.D Theyindicate the future directionof mediareform.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are basedon thefollowing passage.What can be doneabout mass unemployment All the wise heads agree:there,renoquick oreasy answers.Theres workto bedone,but workersarent readyto doit——theyre in the wrongplaces,or they have thewrongskills.Our problemsare“structural Jand willtake manyyears tosolve.But dontbother askingfor evidencethat justifiesthis bleakview.There isnt any.On thecontrary,all thefactssuggest thathigh unemploymentin Americaistheresultofinadequate demand.Saying that there9reno easy answers soundswise,but its actually foolish:our unemploymentcrisis couldbe curedveryquickly ifwe hadthe intellectualclarity andpolitical willto act.In otherwords,structural unemploymentisa fakeproblem,which mainlyserves asan excusefor notpursing realsolutions.The factis jobopenings haveplunged inevery majorsector,while the number of workers forcedintopart-time employmentin almostall industrieshas soared.Unemployment hassurged inevery majoroccupationalcategory.Only threestates,with acombined populationnot muchlarger thanthat ofBrooklyn,have unemploymentrates below5%.So theevidence contradictsthe claimthat weremainlysuffering fromstructural unemployment.Why,then,has thisclaim becomeso popular一Part of the answeris thatthis iswhat alwayshappens duringperiods ofhigh unemploymentin partbecauseexperts andanalysts believethat declaringthe problemdeeply rooted,with noeasyanswers,makes themsound serious.Ive beenlooking atwhat self-proclaimed expertswere sayingabout unemployment during the GreatDepression;it wasalmost identicalto whatVery SeriousPeople aresaying now.Unemployment cannotbebrought downrapidly,declared one1935analysis,because the workforce isunadaptable anduntrained.It cannotrespond tothe opportunitieswhich industrymay offer.^A fewyears later,a largedefensebuildup finallyprovidedafiscal stimulusadequate tothe economysneeds-and suddenlyindustrywas eagerto employthose unadaptableand untrained“workers.But now,as then,powerful forcesare ideologicallyopposed tothe wholeidea ofgovernment actionon asufficientscale tojump-start the economy.And that,fundamentally,iswhyclaims thatwe facehugestructural problemshave beenmultiplying:they offer a reasonto donothing aboutthe massunemploymentthat iscrippling oureconomy andour society.So whatyou need to knowis that theres noevidence whatsoeverto backthese claims.We arentsufferingfrom ashortage ofneeded skills;were sufferingfrom alack ofpolicy resolve.As Isaid,一structural unemploymentisnta real problem,its anexcuse areason notto acton Americas problemsat atime whenaction isdesperately needed.注意此部分试题请在答题卡上作答
251.What does the authorthink isthe rootcause ofmassunemploymentin AmericaACorporate mismanagement.B Insufficientdemand.C Technologicaladvances.D Workers9slow adaptation.
52.What doesthe authorthink of the experts5claim concerningunemploymentA Self-evident.B Thought-provoking.C Irrational.D Groundless.
53.What doesthe authorsay helpedbring downunemploymentduringthe GreatDepressionA Thebooming defenseindustry.B Thewiseheadsbenefit package.C Nationwidetraining ofworkers.D Thoroughrestructuring ofindustries.
54.What hascaused claimsof hugestructural problemsto multiplyAPowerful oppositionto govemmenfsstimulus efforts.B VerySerious Peoplesattempt tocripple theeconomy.C Evidencegathered frommany sectorsof theindustries.D Economists9failure todetect theproblems intime.
55.What isthe authorspurpose inwriting the passageA Totestify tothe expertsanalysis ofAmericasproblems.B Toofferafeasible solutiontothestructural unemployment.C Toshow theurgent needfor the government totake action.D Toalert Americanworkers tothe urgencyfor adaptation.Part IVTranslation30minutesDirections:For thispart,you areallowed30minutes totranslate a passage fromChinese intoEnglish.You shouldwriteyour answeron AnswerSheet
2.中国的创新正此前所未有勺速度蓬勃发展为了在科学技术上尽快赶超世界发达国家，中国近H年来大幅度增加了研究开发资金中国的大学和研究所正在积极开展创新研究，这些研究覆盖I了从大数据到生物化学、从新能源到机器人等高科技领域它们还与各地区科技园合作,使创I新成果商业化与此同步，无论在产品还是商业模式上，中国企业家也在努力争做创新的先锋，以适应国内外消费市场不停变化和增长区需求I注意此部分试题请在答题卡上作答2C Designingquestionnaires.D Thepersistent intensity.Questions5to8are basedon theconversation youhave justheard.
5.A Hisview onCanadian universities.B Hisunderstanding ofhigher education.C Hissuggestions forimprovements inhigher education.D Hiscomplaint aboutbureaucracy inAmerican universities.
6.A Itis welldesigned.B Itis ratherinflexible.C Itvaries amonguniversities.D Ithas undergonegreat changes.
7.ATheUnited Statesand Canadacan learn from eachother.B Publicuniversities areoften superiorto private universities.C Everyoneshould begiven equal access tohigher education.D Privateschools workmore efficientlythan publicinstitutions.
8.A Universitysystems varyfrom countryto country.B Efficiencyis essentialto universitymanagement.C Itis hardto say which isbetter,a publicuniversity ora privateone.D Manyprivate universities in theUS areactually large bureaucracies.Section BDirections:In thissection,you willhear twopassages.At the end ofeach passage,you willhear threeorfour questions.Both thepassage and the questionswill bespoken onlyonce.After youhear aquestion,you mustchoose the best answerfrom thefour choicesmarked A,B,C andD.年月大学英语六级考试真题（第一套）解析6Part IWriting【参照范文】When itcomestothe issuesoflivingin thevirtual world,opinions varyfrom personto person.Somepeople believethat thevirtual worldwill enlightenus,while othersworrythat itwillruin ourdaily lives.As Isee it,people areindulging toomuch in thevirtual world throughsocial networks,on-line gamesandvirtual reality.With computersand virtualsocial networksbecoming pervasive,itcaneasily beimaginedthat peopleslives will be absolutelychanged infuture generations.There isno needfor peopleto dohardand complicatedwork themselvesanymore;instead,mass humanlabor will be replacedby afewcomputer programs.The increaseduseofcomputer programsto accomplishtasks willnaturally isolatepeopleand hindercommunication between them.Consequently,people maybe increasinglyindifferentand cold-blooded towardsothers.As moreand more people chooseto livein thevirtualworld,it istimethat wedecided ourstance onthis issue.Part IIListening ComprehensionSectionAConversation One【话题预测】根据选项中日勺等词可预测本market research consultant,design,promoteproducts篇对话与工作有关【对时答案】听力原文1—4DADBM:So howlong haveyou beena marketresearch consultantW:Well,I started straight after finishing university.M:Did youstudy marketresearchW:Yeah,and itreally helpedme to get intothe industry,but I have to say thatits moreimportant togetexperience indifferent typesof marketresearch tofind outexactly whatyoure interestedin.M:So whatare youinterested inW:Well,at themoment,I specialize in quantitative advertising research,which meansthat Ido twotypesof projects.Trackers,which areongoing projectsthat lookat trendsor customersatisfaction overa longperiod of time.The onlyproblem withtrackers is thatittakes upa lot of yourtime.But youdo buildup agoodrelationship withthe client.I alsodo acouple of ad-hoc jobswhich aremuch shorterprojects.M:What exactlydo youmean by ad-hoc jobsW:Its basicallywhen companiesneed quickanswers totheir questionsabout theirconsumers habits.They justask forone questionnaireto besent outfor example,sothetime youspend onan ad-hoc projecttendsto befairly short.M:Which doyou prefer,trackers orad-hocW:I likedoing bothand infact I needtodo bothat thesame time to keepme fromgoing crazy.Ineedthevariety.M:Can youjust explainwhat processyou gothrough with a newclientW:Well,together wedecideon the methodologyandtheobjectives of the research.I thendesign aquestionnaire.Once theinterviewers have been briefed,I sendthe clienta scheduleand thenthey getbacktome withdeadlines.Once thefinal chartsand tablesare ready,I have to checkthem andorganize apresentation.M:Hmm,one lastquestion,whatdoyou likeand dislike about yourjobW:As Isaid,variety isimportant andas fbrwhat I dont like,it hasto be the checkingof chartsandtables.Questions1to4are basedon theconversation youhave justheard.
1.What positiondoesthe woman holdinthecompany
2.What doesthe womanspecialize inatthemoment
3.What doesthe womansay abouttrackers
4.What doesthe womandislikeabouther job试题解析【话题分类】工作与职场【对话大意】本对话是有关市场研究顾问的对话，对话中女士对和两tracker ad-hoc项工作任务进行描述【考核技能】语义理解
1.）【答案解析】根据对话中男士欧问题（你D ISo howlong haveyou beena marketresearchconsultant在市场调查顾问一职做了多久），以及女士区回答（一I Istartedstraightafterfinishinguniversity毕业就开始从事这一工作），可知女士日勺工作是市场调查顾问项是原文的重述，故选DDo【考核技能】语义理解
2.）【答案解析】原文提到（我专门从事量化广告调A Ispecializeinquantitativeadvertisingresearch研），项与原文所述相符A【考核技能】得出结论
3.）［答案解析】原文提到D Trackers,which areongoing projectsthat lookat trendsor customer（追踪表单是不间断的项目，用以长期观测趋势或顾客满意satisfaction overa longperiodoftime度）项是原文的同D义转述【考核技能】得出结论
4.）［答案解析】对话最终提到（至B asfor whatIdont like,it hasto bethe checkingof chartsandtables于我不喜欢的，则是我必须要检查图表）项与原文相似，故选BBoConversation Two【话题预测】根据选项中□勺可预测本篇对话与教育有关universities,education【对时答案】5—8A BC C听力原文W:Hello,Im herewith Frederick.Now Fred,you wentto universityin CanadaM:Yeah,thats right.W:OK,and youhave very strong views about universities in Canada.Could youplease explainM:Well,we donthave privateuniversitiesinCanada.Theyre allpublic.Allthe universities are ownedby the government,so there istheMinistry ofEducation in charge of creating the curriculum for theuniversities andso there is notmuch roomfor flexibility.Since itsa governmentoperated institution,things dontmove veryfast.If youwant somethingto bedone,then theirstaff donot haveso muchincentiveto helpyou becausehes aworker forthe government.So I dont thinkits veryefficient.However,therearecertain advantagesof public universities,such asthe feesbeing free.You donthaveto payfor youreducation.But thesystem isntefficient,and itdoes notwork thatwell.W:Yeah,I cansee yourpoint,but inthe United States we have manyprivateuniversities,and I thinkthey arelargebureaucraciesalso.Maybe peopledont actthat muchdifferently,because itsthe samethingworking fora privateuniversity.They getpaid fbrtheir job.Idontknow if they9re thatmuch moremotivatedto helppeople.Also,wehavea probleminthe United Statesthat usuallyonly wealthykids gotothebestschools andits kindof aproblem actually.M:I agreewith you.I thinkitsaproblem becauseyoure not giving equalaccess to education toeverybody.Its noteasy,but havingonly publicuniversities alsomight not bethebest solution.Perhapswe canlearnfromJapan wheretheyhavea systemof privateand publicuniversities.Now,in Japan,publicuniversitiesare consideredto bethebest.W:Right.Ifs theexact oppositeinthe UnitedStates.M:So,as yousee,its very hardtosaywhich one isbetter.W:Right,a goodpoint.Questions5to8are basedon theconversation youhave justheard.
5.What doesthewomanwant Frederickto talkabout
6.What doesthe mansay aboutthe curriculumin Canadianuniversities
7.On whatpoint dothe speakersagree
8.What pointdoesthe man makeattheend of theconversation试题解析【话题分类】教育【对话大意】本对话与教育有关，男士讲述了自己对加拿大教育日勺某些见解女士也提出某些自己对教育的见解和意见【考核技能】语义理解
5.）【答案解析】从对话中的A and youhaveverystrongviewsaboutuniversitiesinCanada.Could you可知，女士认为男士对加拿大勺大学有明确的见解，并让其解释由此可知她please explainH让讲述对大学日勺见解项是原文日勺同义转述Frederick A【考核技能】语义理解
6.）【答案解析】男士提到B Alltheuniversitiesareownedby thegovernment,so thereistheMinistry ofEducationinchargeofcreatingthecurriculumfortheuniversities andso thereisnotmuch roomfor（所有的大学受政府的管理，因此，教育部负责设置学校的课程,因此灵活性很小）flexibility由此可知项是原文的同义转述B【考核技能】观点支持
7.C）【答案解析】男士提到I agreewith you.Ithinkit,saproblem becauseyou renotgivingequalaccess（我认为这是个问题，因为每个人受教育日勺机会并非平等）由此toeducationto everybody可知，两个说话人就“每个人应得到平等的高等教育机会”一问题到达共识项是原文代C J同义转述【考核技能】得出结论
8.）【答案解析】在对话最终，男士提到（很难说哪个更好）C itsveryhardtosaywhichoneisbetter这是他概括得出的结论，项是原文的同义转述由此可知对的C CSectionBPassage One【话题预测】从选项中欧可推测出本篇文章与I wages,economic recovery,raise,unemployed劳工和工资有关【对口勺答案】9—11B AC听力原文A recent International Labor Organization report says the deterioration of real wages around the worldcalls intoquestion thetrue extentof an economic recovery,especially ifgovernment rescuepackages arephasedout tooearly.The reportwarns thepicture on wages islikely toget worsethisyear,despiteindications of aneconomicrebound.Patrick Belser,an InternationalLabor Organizationspecialist,says decliningwage ratesare linkedto thelevelsof unemployment.The quitedramatic unemploymentfigures,which wenow seein someof thecountries,strongly suggestthat there will be greater pressure onwages inthefuture as more people willbe unemployed,more peoplewill belooking forjobs andthe pressureon employersto raisewages toattract workers will decline.So,we expectthat thesecond part of theyear willnotbevery goodin termsofwage growth.”The reportfinds more thanaquarter of the countriesexperienced flator fallingmonthly wagesin realterms.They includetheUnitedStates,Austria,Costa Rica,South Africaand Germany.InternationalLabor Organizationeconomists saysome nationshave comeup withpolicies tolessen theimpact oflowerwages duringthe economic crisis.An exampleof theseis worksharing withgovernment subsidies.Under this scheme,the numberof individualworking hoursis reducedin aneffort toavoid layoffs.For thisscheme towork,thegovernmentmust providewage subsidiesto compensatefor lostpay duetothe shorterhours.Questions9to11are basedon thepassage youhave justheard.
9.What isthe InternationalLabor Organizationsreport mainlyabout
10.According toan InternationalLabor Organizationspecialist,how willemployers feelif therearemore peoplelooking forjobs
11.What doesthe speakermean by theworksharing scheme试题解析【话题分类】工作与职场【文章大意】根据国际劳工组织的汇报显示，世界各国的实际工资在下降，这会导致失业【考核技能】主旨大意
9.）【答案解析】原文提到B ArecentInternationalLaborOrganizationreportsaysthedeteriorationof real（国际劳工组织近wagesaround the worldcalls intoquestion thetrue extentof aneconomic recovery来的一份汇报显示，全球各地日勺实际工资状况都在恶化，这让人们对经济复苏日勺真正程度提出了质疑）项是原文中胶同义转述B deteriorationofrealwage I【考核技能】观点意见
10.）【答案解析】原文提至【A Jtherewill begreaterpressureonwagesinthefutureasmorepeoplewillbeunemployed,morepeoplewillbelooking forjobs andthe pressureon employersto raisewages to（此后，伴随更多日勺人失业，找工作的人也会增多，工资口勺压attractworkerswilldeclineI力将会变大，雇主通过涨工资吸引工人的压力也会变小）由此可知是原文的同义转述J A【考核技能】观点意见
11.）【答案解析】原文提到C Underthisscheme,thenumberof individualworking hoursis reducedinan（这一方案减少了个人工作时间，从而防止裁员）项符合原文所述effort toavoid layoffsCPassage Two【话题预测】从选项中可推测本篇文章与记忆或医疗有关memory,medicine【对的答案】12—15ADDB听力原文Is therereally a magic memorypill ora herbalrecall remedyIhavebeen frequently asked if thesememory supplementswork.You know,one ofthe firstthings Ilike totell peoplewhen theyask meaboutthese supplementsis that a lot of themare promotedasa cure foryour memory.But yourmemory doesntneedacure.What yourmemory needsisagood work-out.So reallythose supplementsarent going to giveyou thatperfectmemory inthe waythat theypromise.The otherthing is thatalotofthese supplementsarentnecessarily whatthey claimto be,and youreally haveto bewary whenyou takeany ofthem.The scienceisntthere behindmost ofthem.Theyre not really well-regulated unlessthey adhereto someindustrystandard.You dontreally knowthat whatthey sayis in thereisinthere.What you must understandisthatthosesupplements,especially insome Easterncultures,are partof amedical practicetradition.People dontjustgo ina localgrocery storeand buythese supplements.In fact,they are prescribed andtheyre given ata certain level,a dosagethat isunderstood by apractitioner whosbeen trained.And thafsnotreallythe waytheyre usedin thiscountry.The otherthingpeople doforget isthat theseare medicines,so theydo havean impact.A lotof timespeople arenotreally awareoftheimpact theyhave,orthefact thattaking themin combination with other medicationsmight put you atincreased risk for somethingthat youwouldnt otherwise be encountering orbe at riskfor.Questions12to15are basedon thepassage youhave justheard.
12.What questionis frequentlyput tothe speaker
13.What doesthe speakersay aboutmost memory supplements
14.What dowe learnabout memory supplements inEastern culturesThen markthe corresponding letteron AnswerSheet1with asingle linethrough thecenter.注意此部分试题请在答题卡上作答1Questions9to11are basedon thepassage youhave justheard.
9.A Governmentsrole inresolving aneconomic crisis.B Theworsening realwage situationaroundtheworld.C Indicationsof economicrecovery intheUnitedStates.D Theimpactofthe currenteconomiccrisison peopleslife.
10.A Theywill feelless pressureto raiseemployees,wages.B Theywill feelfree tochoose themost suitableemployees.C Theywill feelinclined toexpand theirbusiness operations.D Theywill feelmore confidentin competingwiththeirrivals.
11.A Employeesand companiescooperate topull through the economiccrisis.B Governmentand companiesjoin handsto createjobs forthe unemployed.C Employeeswork shorterhours toavoid layoffs.D Teamwork willbe encouragedin companies.Questions12to15are basedon thepassage youhave justheard.
12.A Whethermemorysupplementswork.B Whetherherbal medicineworks wonders.C Whetherexercise enhancesones memory.D Whetheramagicmemory promisessuccess.
13.A Theyhelp theelderly more than theyoung.B Theyare beneficialin oneway oranother.C Theygenerally donot haveside effects.D Theyarenotbasedonreal science.
15.What doesthespeaker sayabout memorysupplements attheend试题解析【话题分类】健康【文章大意】提高记忆力日勺保健品真的有效吗？有些保健品日勺疗效不像它们所宣称日勺那样，也没有科学根据服用这些保健品还有风险【考核技能】
12.）【答案解析】原文提到（常常AIhavebeenfrequentlyaskedifthesememorysupplementswork有人问我这些记忆保健品与否有效）项与原文是同义替代，故选【考核技能】观点A
13.Ao意见）【答案解析】原文提到D alotofthese supplementsaren tnecessarily whatthey claimto be,and you（诸多really haveto bewary whenyou takeany ofthem.The scienceisn tthere behindmost ofthem保健品并不会像他们承诺的那样有效，你吃这些保健品时也一定要小心它们大多数都没有科学根据）由此可知是原文的同义转述D【考核技能】语义理解
14.）【答案解析】原文提到尤其在东方文化中，保健品是医疗实践老式日勺一部分，背面又提至DIn fact,they areprescribed andthey regivenatacertainlevel,a dosagethat isunderstood bya（按一定的原则给人们开药，受过训练欧从业人员清晰剂量的practitioner whosbeentrained I使用）项是原文日勺同义转述D【考核技能】概括总结
15.［答案解析】原文提至B thattaking themin combinationwith othermedications mightputyouat（》各保健increased riskfor somethingthat youwouldn totherwisebeencounteringorbeatriskfor品与其他药物同步服用，你会碰到其他风险）由此可知项是原文的同义转述B SectionCRecording One【话题预测】由选项的可预测出本篇讲座与自然灾害有I natural disasters,tropical storm关【对的答案】听力原文j16—18DB AThenegative impacts ofnatural disasters canbe seeneverywhere.In justthe pastfew weeks,the worldhaswitnessed thedestructive powerof earthquakesin Indonesia,typhoons inthe Philippines,and thedestructivesea wavesthat struckSamoa andneighboring islands.A studybytheCenter forResearch ontheEpidemiology ofDisasters findsthat,between1980and,nearly8,400natural disasterskilled morethan2million people.These catastrophicevents causedmorethan$
1.5trillion ineconomic losses.TheUN weatherexpert GeoffreyLove saysthat isthe badnews.“Over thelast50years,economic losseshave increasedbyafactor of
50.That soundspretty terrible,butthe lossof lifehas decreasedbyafactor of10simply becausewearegetting betterat warningpeople.Weare makinga difference.Extreme events,however,will continueto occur.But,the messageisthat theymay notbe disasters.Love,who isdirector ofWeather andDisaster RiskReductionatthe World Meteorological Organization,says mostofthedeaths andeconomic losses
14.A Theyare availableat mostcountry fairs.B Theyare takenin relativelyhigh dosage.C Theyare collectedor grownby farmers.D Theyareprescribedby trainedpractitioners.
15.A Theyhave oftenproved tobe ashelpful asdoing mentalexercise.B Takingthem withothermedicationsmight entailunnecessary risks.C Theireffect lastsonly ashort time.D Manyhave benefitedfrom them.Section CDirections:In thissection,you willhear threerecordings oflectures ortalks followedby threeor fourquestions.The recordingswillbeplayed onlyonce.After youhear aquestion,youmustchoose thebestanswer fromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C andD.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet withasingle linethroughthecenter.注意此部分试题请在答题卡上作答1Questions16to18are basedontherecording youhave justheard.
16.A Howcatastrophic naturaldisasters turnout tobe todeveloping nations.B HowtheWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationstudies naturaldisasters.C Howpowerless humansappear tobe inface ofnaturaldisasters.D Howthe negativeimpactsofnaturaldisasterscanbereduced.
17.A Bytraining rescueteams foremergencies.B Bytaking stepsto preparepeople forthem.C Bychanging peoplesviews ofnature.D Byrelocating peopleto saferplaces.
18.A Howpreventive actioncan reducethe lossof life.B Howcourageous Cubansareinface ofdisasters.C HowCubans sufferfrom tropicalstorms.D Howdestructive tropicalstorms canbe.Questions19to22are basedontherecording youhave justheard.
19.A Payback theirloans tothe Americangovernment.B Provideloans tothose insevere financialdifficulty.C Contributemore tothe goalofawider recovery.D Speedup theirrecovery fromthe housingbubble.
20.A Somebanks mayhavetomerge withothers.B Manysmaller regionalbanks aregoing tofail.C Itwillbehard forbanks to provide more loans.D Manybanks willhavetolay offsome employees.
21.A Itwill workclosely withthegovernment.B Itwill endeavortowriteoff badloans.C Itwill tryto lowerthe interestrate.D Itwill trytoprovidemoreloans.
22.A Itwont helpthe Americaneconomy toturn around.B Itwont doany goodtothemajor commercialbanks.C Itwill winthe approvaloftheObama administration.D Itwillbenecessary iftheeconomystarts toshrink again.
23.A Beingunable tolearn newthings.B Beingrather slowtomakechanges.Questions23to25are basedontherecording youhave justheard.C Losingtemper moreandmoreoften.D Losingthe abilitytogetonwithothers.
24.A Cognitivestimulation.B Communityactivity.C Balanceddiet.D Freshair.
25.A Ignoringthe signsand symptomsof aging.B Adoptingan optimisticattitude towardslife.C Endeavoringto giveup unhealthylifestyles.D Seekingadvice fromdoctors fromtimetotime.Part IIIReading Comprehension40minutesSection ADirections:In thissection,thereisapassage with tenblanks.You arerequired toselect oneword foreachblank from a listof choicesgiven ina wordbank followingthepassage.Read thepassage throughcarefullybefore makingyour choices.Each choiceinthe bank isidentified bya letter.Please markthecorresponding letterfor eachitem onAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.You maynotuse anyofthewords inthebankmorethan once.Pursuing acareer isan essentialpartofadolescent development.The adolescentbecomes anadult whenhe26arealjob.^^To cognitiveresearchers likePiaget,adulthood meantthe beginningof an
27.Piaget arguedthat onceadolescents entertheworldofwork,their newlyacquired abilityto formhypothesesallows themto createrepresentations thatare tooideal.The28of suchideals,without thetemperingofthereality ofa jobor profession,rapidly leadsadolescents tobecome29of thenon-idealistic worldand topress forreform ina characteristicallyadolescent way.Piaget said:“Trueadaptation tosociety comes30whentheadolescent reformerattempts toput hisideas towork.”Of course,youthful idealismis oftencourageous,and noone likesto giveup dreams.Perhaps,taken31out ofcontext,Piagefs statementseems harsh.What hewas32,however,istheway realitycan modifyidealisticviews.Some peoplerefer tosuch modificationas maturity.Piaget arguedthat attainingandaccepting avocation isone ofthebestwaystomodify idealizedviews andto mature.As careersand vocationsbecome lessavailable duringtimes of33,adolescents maybe especiallyhardhit.Such difficulteconomic timesmay leavemany adolescents34about theirroles insociety.For thisreason,community interventionsand governmentjob programsthat offersummer andvacation workarenot onlyeconomically35but alsohelp tostimulate theadolescent^sense ofworth.注意此部分试题请在答题卡上作答2A automaticallyB beneficialC capturingD confusedE emphasizingFentrance Gexcited Hexistence Iincidentally JintolerantK occupationL promisesM recessionN slightly0undertakesSection BDirections:In thissection,you aregoingtoread apassagewithten statementsattached toit.Eachstatement containsinformation given in one oftheparagraphs.Identify theparagraph fromwhich theinformationis derived.You maychoose aparagraph morethanonce.Each paragraphis markedwith aletter.Answer thequestions bymarking thecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet
2.Can SocietiesBe Richand Green[A]“If oureconomies areto flourish,if globalpoverty istobeeliminated andifthewell-being oftheworlds peopleenhanced-not justin thisgeneration butin succeedinggenerations-we mustmake surewetake careofthenaturalenvironment and resourceson whichour economicactivity depends/9Thatstatement comesnot,as youmight imagine,fromastereotypical tree-hugging,save-the-world greenie（环境保护主义者）,but fromGordon Brown,a politicianwithareputation forrigor,thoroughness andaboveall,caution.[B]A surprisingthing forthemanwho runsoneofthe worldsmost powerfuleconomies tosay（千年时）Perhaps;though inthe run-up tothe five-year reviewoftheMillennium Goals,he isfar fromalone.The rootsof hisspeech,giveninMarch atthe roundtablemeeting ofenvironmentandenergyministers fromtheG20group ofnations,stretch backto1972,andtheUnited NationsConference ontheHuman Environmentin Stockholm.[C]“The protectionand improvementofthehuman environmentisamajor issuewhich affectsthewell-being ofpeoples andeconomic developmentthroughout theworld,read thefinal declarationfromthis gathering,thefirstofasequence which would leadtotheRio deJaneiroEarth Summit in1992andtheWorld DevelopmentSummitinJohannesburg threeyears ago.[D]Hunt throughthe reportsprepared byUN agenciesand developmentgroups-many forconferencessuch asthis yearsMillennium Goalsreview——andyouwill findthatthelinkage betweenenvironmentalprotectionandeconomic progressisacommon thread.[E]Managing ecosystemssustainably ismore profitablethan exploitingthem,according totheMillennium Ecosystem Assessment.But findinghard evidenceto supportthe thesisisnotso easy.Thoughts turnfirst tosome sortof globalstatistic,some indicatorwhichwouldrate thewealth ofnationsin botheconomic andenvironmental termsand showa relationshipbetweenthetwo.[F]If suchan indicatorexists,itiswell hidden.And onreflection,thisisnot surprising;the singleword“environment“has somany dimensions,and thereare somany otherfactors affectingwealth—such astheoil deposits—that teasingout asimple economy-environment relationshipwould bealmostimpossible.[G]The MillenniumEcosystemAssessment,a vastfour-year globalstudy whichreported itsinitialconclusions earlierthisyear,found reasonsto believethat managingecosystemssustainably——working withnature ratherthan againstit-might beless profitableintheshort term,butcertainly bringslong-term rewards.[H]And theWorld ResourcesInstitute WRIin itsWorld Resourcesreport,issued attheendof August,produced severalsuch examplesfrom Africaand Asia;it alsodemonstrated thatenvironmentaldegradation affectsthe poormorethanthe rich,as poorerpeople derivea muchhigher proportionof theirincomedirectly fromthenaturalresources aroundthem.。
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