2023年大学自学考试真题基础英语课程代码试题

全国年月高等教育自学考试20231基础英语试题课程代码00088请将答案填在答题纸对应位置上

一、词汇应用和语法构造（本大题共小题，每题分，共分）30130（-）词汇应用（分）15选择最佳答案完毕句子，错选、多选或未选均无分

1.As longas youvepaid inadvance,we wontyou fordelivery.A.spend B.takeC.charge D.cost

2.If thisproject fails,it willnot onlyour department,but alsothe wholeorganization.A.affect B.effectC.affect on D.influence on

3.You shouldnever anyoneabout theirdeal,because theywill finallypay forwhat theyhavedone.A.argue B.criticizeC.complain D.sympathize

4.You canuse thisability to make morechoices inyour life.A.beneficiary B.profitC.benefit D.beneficial子错选、多选或未选均无分Passage1A rapidmeans oflong-distance transportationbecame anecessity for the UnitedStates assettlementspread everfarther westward.The earlytrains wereimpractical curiosities,and fora longtimethe railroadcompanies metwith troublesomemechanical problems.The mostserious oneswerethe constructionof railsable to bear theload,and thedevelopment ofa safe,effective stoppingsystem.Once thesewere solved,the railroadwas establishedas the best meansof landtransportation.By1860there werethousands ofmiles ofrails crossingthe easternmountains andreaching westwardto theMississippi.There werealso regionalsouthern andwestern lines.The highpoint inrailroad buildingcame with the constructionof the first transcontinentalsystem.In1862Congress authorizedtwo railroadcompanies tobuild linesfrom Nebraskawestward and fromCalifornia eastwardto ameeting point,so asto completea transcontinentalcrossing linkingthe Atlanticwiththe Pacific.The Governmenthelped the railroads generouslywith moneyand land.Actual workonthis projectbegan fouryears later.The CentralPacific Company,starting fromCalifornia,used Chineselabor,while theUnion Pacificemployed crewsof Irishlabourers.The twogroups workedat greatspeed,each tryingto covera greaterdistance thanthe other.In1869they metat aplace calledPromontory inwhatis nowthe Stateof Utah.Many visitorscame therefor thegreat occasion.There werejoyouscelebrations all over the country,with paradesand theringing ofchurch bellsto honorthe greatachievement.The railroadwas veryimportant inencouraging westwardmovement.It alsohelped buildupindustry andfarming bymoving rawmaterials andby distributingproducts rapidlyto distantmarkets.Inlinking townsand people to oneanother ithelped unifythe UnitedStates.

56.The majorproblems withAmericas railroadsystem in the mid-19th centurylay in.A.poor qualityrails andunreliable stoppingsystemsB.lack offinancial support for developmentC.limited railroadlinesD.lack ofa transcontinental railroad

57.The buildingof the first transcontinentalsystem.A.brought about a rapidgrowth ofindustry andfarming in the westB.attracted manyvisitors to the constructionsitesC.attracted laborersfrom EuropeD.encouraged peopleto travelalloverthecountry

58.The constructionof thetranscontinentalrailroadtook.A.9years B.4yearsC.7years D.3years

59.What mostlikely madepeople thinkaboutatranscontinental railroadA.The possibilityof governmentsupportforsuch atask.B.The needto exploreUtah.C.The needto connectthe eastcoast withthe west.D.The needto developtherailroadindustry in the west.

60.The besttitle forthis passagewould be.A.Settlements SpreadWestwardB.The Coast—to-Coast Railroad:A VitalLinkC.American RailroadHistoryD.The Importanceof Railroadsin theAmerican EconomyPassage2Until recentlydaydreaming wasviewed asa wasteof time.Or it was consideredan unhealthyescapefrom reallife andits duties.But nowsome peopleare takinga freshlook atit.And itmay bethatmore peopleare sufferingfrom alack of daydreaming thanare sufferingfrom toomuch ofit.It nowappears thata personsself-control andself-direction maysuffer ifhe orshe doesnodaydreaming atall.Such aperson may become poorto dealwiththepressures ofdaily life.Dr.Joan T.Freyberg hasconcluded thatdaydreaming contributesto intellectualgrowth andalsoimproves concentrationattention spanand theability to get along with others.Another researchersaidthat daydreamingseemed to produce improvedself-control andcreative ability.But thatsonly partof the story.The mostremarkable thingabout daydreamingmaybeitsusefulness inshaping ourfuture livesas wewant themtobe.Industrialist HenryJ.Kaiser believedthatmuch of his successwas duetothepositive use of daydreaming.He maintainedthat“you canimagineyour future.Florence Nightingaledreamed ofbecoming anurse.The youngThomas Edisonpicturedhimself asan inventor.For thesenotable achievers,it appearsthat theirdaydreams cametrue.Dr.Harry EmersonFosdick believedthat the way wepicture ourselvesis oftenthe waywe turnout.He offeredthis advice,“Hold apicture ofyourself inyour mind,and you will bedrawn towardsit.Picture yourselfvividly asdefeated,and thatalone willmake victoryimpossible.Picture yourselfaswinning,and thatwill contributeimmeasurably tosuccess.Do notpicture yourselfas anything,and youwilldrift.”

61.If onedoes notdaydream atall,he may.A.have notrouble concentratingB.be betterself-controlledC.improve hiscreative abilitiesD.not bementally preparedfor thestrains ofdaily life

62.The authoris moreworried aboutpeoples.A.imagined adventuresB.lack ofdaydreamingC.having toomuch ofdaydreaming D.imagination of the future

63.What HenryKaiser knewas thepositive useofdaydreamingis.A.to imagineyourself tobe anurse oran inventorB.to shapeyour futurethe wayyou wantit tobeC.to domore daydreamingD.togetalongwithothers

64.According toHarry Emerson,by imaginingsuccess wemay.A.learn tobe happywith failure B.overcome mosthealth problemsC.achieve successD.save alot ofwork

65.The word“drawn“inthelast paragraphmeans.A.sketched B.broughtC.carried D.attracted

五、单词或短语的）英汉互译（本大题共小题，每题分，共分）10110

（一）将下列词语译成中文（分）

566.excess reserves

67.a regularport

68.investment demand

69.cold regions

70.the silktrade（-）将下列词语译成英文（分）5没有出路的工作

71.激光束

72..供求机制73原则化集装箱

74.零售贸易

75.

六、英汉句子互译（本大题共小题，共分）415（-）将下列句子译成中文（分）

76.Customers arevulnerable toattractive packages.

477.Metals consistingof ironcombined withsome otherelements are called ferrous metals,while（分）all theother metalsarecallednon-ferrousmetals.4（-）将下列句子译成英文专业化口勺代价是互相依存（分）

78.

3.要是没有从无形贸易中挣得的钱，英国将几乎年年出现赤字（分）

7945.It wasa badyear forfilms,in ofboth quantityand quality.A.ways B.meansC.terms D.conditions

6.We allknow airis ofoxygen andcarbon dioxide.A.made B.includedC.consisted D.composed

7.Papermaking beganin Chinaandfrom there itto NorthAfrica andEurope.A.sprang B.flowedC.spread D.carried

8.The littleboy escapedby theofhisteeth,but hisparents diedinthefire.A.peel B.tailC.skin D.head

9.The souptastesA.badly B.goodC.goodly D.well

10.Now heis earningmoney,and hefeels moreA.independent B.independentlyC.dependent D.dependently

11.We himto arriveearly.A.suspected B.hopedC.explained D.promised

12.1get upearly catchthe firstbus towork.A.in orderthat B.in ordertoC.in orderD.so that

13.means extremeunwillingness tospend money.A.Opulence B.PrescriptionC.Parsimony D.Prodigality

14.I amnot invitedto familyreunions anymore,as Imconsidered becauseof mypoliticalconvictions.A.a blacksheep B.a wildgooseC.a lameduck D.a dogsbody

15.Saying goodbyeis asa partof lifeas sayinghello.A.far B.soC.many D.much

（二）语法构造（分）15选择最佳答案完毕句子，错选、多选或未选均无分

16.The redcolor ischaracteristic rust,the combinationof ironand oxygen.A.of B.byC.in D.with

17.1held fromtelling himwhat Ithought ofhim.A.at B.backC.onD.in

18.was notthewaythestoryhappened.A.What reportedB.What reportedthe internetC.What theinternet reportedD.The internetreported

19.1had eatenall herchocolates shecame backfromtheconcert.A.by thetime B.at thetimeD.after

20.He askedme stay.C.forthetime beingA.how longtime was I going to B.how longwasIgoing toC.how longtime I was goingto D.how longIwasgoingto

21.beautiful flowers!A.What a B.SoC.What D.How

22.Scientists havemore todo thanto allowtheir imaginationsto wanderlarge.A.in B.byC.with D.at

23.The prisonerby thisway,for therehis footprintswere found.A.neednt haveescaped B.must haveescapedC.should haveescaped D.might haveescaped

24.My elderbrother asksme to buy newspaperfor him.A.aB.a pieceofC.an itemof D.some

25.It isno useabout yourpast mistakes.A.to regretB.to haveregrettingC.to haveregretted D.regretting

26.you come,youwillfind himbusy withhis study.A.However B.WheneverC.Wherever D.Whatever

27.passed thananother hitthe city.A.No soonerhad one typhoon B.No soonerone typhoon hadC.Hardly hadonetyphoonD.Hardly onetyphoonhad

28.Marriage isalliance oftwo people,one neverremembers birthdayand theother neverforgetsthem.A.of whoB.of whomC.of whichD.of them

29.If youhard before,you wouldbe acollege studentnow.A.study B.were studyingC.studied D.had studied

30.The peacefuluseofatomic energywill doto humanbeings.A.good B.wellC.nicely D.better

二、改错（本大题共小题，每题分，共分）10110下面句子中有、、、四个划底线部分，其中有一种是错误日勺，选出错误部分日勺A BC D字母，无需改正错误

31.As faras marketingis concerning,I thinkthebestthing todo atpresent isto havea meetingA B Cwiththe SalesManager andhis advertisingpeople.D

32.The tasksrelated toreform,development andstability for2023,thefirstyear inthe EleventhA BFive-Years Plan,are huge.C D

33.It wasntmy ideato changethe brandname inthefirstplace.It washer.

34.After themessage issent,the computerthen findsthe informationabout theproduct andsendsit instantback tothe terminalat thecheckout counter.

35.After about30minutes,the trainentered intoa darktunnel underthe citystreets,and shortlyafterwardsit stoppedat therailway station.D

36.On general,the authorsays weshould tryto appearfriendly andself-confident,since uPeoplelike peoplewho likethemselves.D

37.This isthe worstweather whichIve experiencedin Shanghai.A BC D

38.He wentbeside onlyselling productsof poorquality ata highprice.He alsopaid lesstax.ABC D

39.When wehad calculatedthe coston theproject,itwasclear itwould notbe economicto goaheadwith it.

40.In thepast,industrially goodswere madeto lastfor ever.ABC D

三、完形填空（本大题共小题，每题分，共分）15115选择最佳答案完毕句子，错选、多选或未选均无分The westernworld isfilled withadvertisements.Different41are usedin advertising.For example,radio commercialsget millionsof teenagersto42for productsmade exclusivelyfor them.Then,magazine adsshowing models43inthelatest style44women andmen tobuy newclothes inorder toremainfashionable.Newspapers,too,are filledwith ads45the needtobuyeverything frompills tomajorhousehold46at bargainprices.In addition,TV programsare interrupted47five minuteswith（清洁齐（）commercials tellingpeopletotry anew detergentJ ordrink adifferent kindof beer.Shortcinema filmsare alsoused fbradvertising48,Finally,advertisements inthe formof postersappearalmost everywhere,on wallsand buildings.Companies advertisetheir productstomakepeople buy.49,most companies50their productsasthe bestyou canbuy.Of course,advertisers nevertalk aboutthe51of theirproducts.Although manypeople andcompanies cando theirown advertising,most52advertising isdone byagencies.The53,usually acompany,goes toan advertisingagency witha productit wishesto advertise.The companyhas probablyalready54which mediumthey wantfortheir advertisement.The joboftheagency isto suggestideas andtoproducea finishedadvertisementfrom theidea thatthe clientlikes

5541.A.media B.relations C.functions D.operations

42.A.lureB.shop C.buy D.sell

43.A.dressing B.wearing C.putting D.dressed

44.A.dissuade B.persuading C.persuade D.dissuading

45.A.paying B.realizing C.ignoring D.stressing

46.A.appliances B.performances C.equipments D.applications

47.A.almost B.every C.nearly D.both

48.A.basis B.habit C.purpose D.technique

49.A.Therefore B.Later C.Although D.However

50.A.maintain B.present C.find D.want

51.A.dislocations B.advantages C.demerits D.merits

52.A.favorite B.public C.non-commercial D.commercial

53.A.client B.owner C.donator D.agent

54.A.worked B.thought C.decided D.explained

55.A.better B.best C.well D.worst

四、阅读理解（本大题共小题，每题分，共分）10220本部分有两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题，每个问题有四个选项,选择最佳答案完毕句。