施工项目进度控制的关键问题

河北科技师范学院本科毕业论文（设计）外文翻译施工项目进度控制关键问题For thehuman andmaterial resources,construction plansof arrangementto takefulladvantage of them andlet everysingle the entire planperiod to achieve efficiency,the amountof resources usedin thisplan isbalanced and the economic benefits will be good.c.Optimize thecost of the project.Adopting adifferent construction of waterorcproject costwill varyin engineeringconstruction.Seeking the1owest costsolution costsisan importantpart of the construction.The cost of the project includesthe directand indirectcosts.Generally speaking,low direct costs of the construction the durationwill belonger.In orderto shortenthe duration,the need to usemor efficientconstruction machineryorconstruction processso thatdirectcostswill tento increase.If efficiencydoes notchange,you needmore manpoweror materialresource and increase inputof one-time costs,which willinevitablylead toincrease indirec costs.Almost youalways givehigh priorityto increasethecostofless andcan shortethe duration of However,if shortenduration,you willincreasethe directcosts oinputs.Indirect cconstruction of the relationshipis notclose,and thebasicfixe expensesoccur ever

6.Organization ofwater constructionmethodAnother importantmeans ofensuring projectprogress ona projectis construction of rationaluflow.Water constructionis continuousjob,and it can savework time,which isrelative toturnjob”,The meansof achievingsavings is“take receivand the premise of d”,take receivedis；segment areaitcanhave rhythmto construction,and thetime of the towork isa certaindegreeof regularity,which canbring goodof constructionalong thecontinued,the harmoniousofconstruction atmosphere,considerable ofeconomic benefitsimprove productivity.Project schedulecontrol ofmore thana fewissues,indicates thatthe schedulecon processdoesnot happenovernight sothe enterpriseintegration shouldas a whole toc elementsofintegration and management system.In thespecific work,should payattent givingplay topromoteintegration offavorable factorsand avoidintegration orcoor toprevent theadverse factorsandpay attentionto practicalresults andadvancing agradually.摘要工程施工进度是工程项目标三大目标之一，是工程项目管理主要组成部分合理、科学、讲求效率工程项目施工进度是确保工程项目目标控制得以实现前提只有在准备阶段、方案设计阶段、进度计划阶段以及施工组织实施等各个步骤，考虑各项有利原因，合理协调有限资源，才能最终达成要求进度目标，为创建先进、文明施工过程打下牢靠物质基础关键词施工项目；进度控制；关键问题进度、投资、质量是工程项目标三大目标，它们之间有着相互依赖和相互制约关系工程项目进度控制是工程项目管理主要组成部分，是确保工程项目目标控制是否完全实现前提，是确保工程工期、资源合理利用、降低成本、预防计划改变太大、提升整个工程项目管理效益主要保障要做到有效控制建筑工程进度，应重视以下几个方面管理一高度重视工程项目施工准备工程项目施工准备是施工生产主要组成部分，是对工程目标，资源供给和施工方案选择，及其空间布置和时间排列等诸方面统筹安排，是土建施工和设备安装得以顺利进行根本确保所以，认真做好施工前技术准备、物资准备、劳动组织准备、施工现场准备、施工场外准备等，对合理供给资源加紧施工速度，提升工程质量，确保施工安全，赢得社会信誉都有主要作用，要加强工程项目进度控制，就必须高度重视工程项目准备，做好施工前准备二施工布署和施工方案编制施工布署是对整个工程项目进行全方面安排，并对工程施工中重大战略问题进行决议完善施工布署，是有效控制工程进度、确保工程质量、节约工程投资首要保障，它编制应表现合理组织安排和任务分工，建立行之有效、合理运转项目经理部门；人员设置及分工应做到充分调动其主动性，并使之专业得到发挥；建立专业化施工组织体系和进行工程分包；划分施工阶段，确定分期分批施工、交工安排及其主攻项目和穿插项目除了组成完善施工布署，编制合理施工方案，要确保有效工程进度，还应包含确定规范施工准备工作规划主要指全现场准备，包含思想准备、组织准备、技术准备、等对于主要单项工程或主要单位工程及特殊分项工程，应在施工组织总设计中确定其施工方案，其目标是进行技术和资源准备工作，也为工程施工顺利开展和工程现场合理布置提供依据所以，应计算其工程量，确定工艺流程，选择大型施工机诫和主要施工方法等工程开展次序确实定，要分期分批施工，应按先地下、后地上，先深后浅，先干线、后支线，地下管线先施工，应该与各类物资及技术条件供给之间平衡以及合理利用这些资源相协调，促进均衡施工三按照项目协议工期要求，作好施工进度控制按协议工期，完成施工任务，这既是协议要求也是实现企业经营目标需要在这一点上，建设单位（业主）同施工单位双方利益是完全一致所以，加强施工进度控制，确保协议工期履约是项目经理基本职责和主要工作内容计划是控制前提，没有计划，就谈不上控制，控制就是将实际值与计划值进行比较，找出期间偏差，然后进行反馈调整编制施工进度计划，就是确定一个控制工期计划值，制订出确保计划实现有效方法，确保工期计划协议工期完成编制进度就是决定什么时候做什么事情，或者什么时候工程进度到什么程度不论是项目本身各道工序，还是与施工关于其余工作，都应纳入进度计划之中去，或者说，都要对其进度做出计划安排项目进度计划种类，依照内容划分，有目标性计划与支持性计划针对项目施工本身进度计划是最基本目标性计划，它确定了该项目施工工期目标为了实现这个目标，要有一系列支持性计划，如材料使用计划，周转材料使用计划，机械设备使用计划，劳动力使用计划以及构件、半成品使用计划等等从时间控制长短来分，有总进度计划与阶段性计划总进度计划控制项目施工全过程，而阶段性计划包含本项目标年、季、月施工进度计划和旬、周作业进度计划等从表示形式来分，有文字说明计划与图表式计划前者用文字说明各阶段施工任务，以及要达成形象进度要求；后者用形象而简练图表来表示施工进度安排据笔者所知，最惯用是横道计划、网络计划、斜线式计划等从管理范围来分，有总体进度计划与分区进度计划总体计划是面向项目全局战略性进度计划安排，通常比较粗略而分区计划则是针对项目中某一部分或一个专业工种进度计划，通常比较详细四项目进度计划编制

（一）本项目标工程承包协议协议中工期要求是确定工期计划值基本依据，协议要求工程开工、完工日期，必须经过进度计划来落实进度计划最终目标就是经过合理进度设计，确保工期按时完成

（二）企业施工生产经营合理计划经过对企业施工生产经营合理计划，确保工程效益性，是企业计划主要组成部分既要服从企业经营方针指导，同时要满足企业综合平衡要求，达成企业最好收益

（三）图纸资料图纸资料是施工依据和合理设计施工方案前提，施工进度计划必须与设计进度计划相衔接，必须依照每部分图纸资料交付日期来安排对应部位施工时间，这也是防范施工风险，确保施工质量很好路径

（四）项目标施工组织设计也是编制项目进度计划有力依据之一这个资料明确了施工能力布署与施工组织方法，表现了项目标施工特点，因而成为确定施工过程中各个阶段目标计划基础

（五）材料和设备供给计划假如已经有了关于材料和设备及周转材料供给计划，那么，项目施工进度计划必须与之相协调除上述五点编制项目进度计划作为主要依据考虑外，还应注意关于现场施工条件资料，主要包含施工现场水文、气候、环境资料以及交通运输条件，能源供给情况，辅助生产能力等还要在编制项目施工进度计划之前，对已建成同类或相同项目标实际施工进度进行搜集，并认真进行分析、整理，列出控制约束条件，明确影响工期达成强制时限，为编制项目进度作好充分准备五项目进度计划优化

（一）调整施工期限每个工程都是有很多工序组成，每一个施工流水段也有相同若干道工序，每道工序在各个施工阶段上施工期限又不完全相同，怎么样选择科学合理施工流程，就成为调整施工期限主要性问题而由固定施工工艺决定施工次序是不能改变，但施工阶段前后次序是能够改变，选择不一样施工流水次序，那么整个工程施工总工期也就会对应发生改变，所以需要找出工期最短最优化施工流水次序方案进行实施

（二）均衡利用资源在编制施工进度计划时，必须考虑到资源优化不但要求资源计划使用量低于资源实际可供给量，还要尽力做到资源均衡节约使用要使资源计划使用量控制在可供给量之内，而且要求天天使用资源量都差不多资源用量均衡了，资源用量高峰就越小，资源经费就越少，进而经济效益必定也会对应得到提升对于企业人力和物力来说，假如施工计划安排能够充分利用它们，在整个计划期中每一天都能让其发挥效率，那么这个计划资源用量就是均衡，经济效益也一定会是好

（三）优化工程成本在工程建设中，采取不一样施工流水次序，工程成本会各不相同寻求成本最低方案，降低成本是工程施工主要内容工程成本包含两项直接费用和间接费用通常说来，直接费用低施工次序，工期会较长；为了缩短工期，需要利用效率更高施工机械或施工工艺，这么直接费用往往就会增加；假如效率不改变，就需要更多人力或物力投入，增加一次性费用投入，也必定造成直接费用增加通常总是优先考虑采取那些增加较少费用而又能缩短工期次序不过，伴随工期缩短，就会增加直接费用投入间接费用与工程施工关系不紧密，天天会发生基本固定费用六组织流水施工方法确保工程项目进度又一主要伎俩就是合理组织流水施工流水施工其实质就是连续作业，它能够节约工作时间，这里节约是相对于“依次作业”来说，实现节约伎俩是“搭接”，搭接前提是分段区；它能够实现有节奏地施工，工人工作作业时间有一定规律性，这种规律性能够带来良好施工顺续，友好施工气氛，可观经济效益；它还能够提升劳动生产率以上工程项目进度控制几个问题，表明进度控制过程并非想象那么简单，企业应把要素整合和管理体系作为整体来考虑在详细工作中，应注意发挥促进整合有利原因，想法避开或协调妨碍整合不利原因，要重视实效，按计划逐步推进原文出处Ilegazy,T.W.Menesi.Construction ofkey problemsof projectprogress control[J].Constr.Eng.Manage,831-

34.院（系、部）名称专业名称学生姓名:学生学号:指导教师:Construction ofkey problemsof projectprogress controlAbstractConstruction progress wasone of the threeobjectives of the projectwhich isa importantcomponentof projectmanagement.Reasonable,scientific,efficiency ofprojec constructionscheduleis thekey toachieve the project objectivescontrol.Only durin thepreparation stage,stage ofprogress of the programmerdesign stage,plans animplementation of construction andotherlinks,taking fullaccount of the favorablerational coordinationof limitedresources,can eventuallyachieve the progress requirtarget,to createadvanced,civilizatioandconstruction processand laya solimaterial foundation.；；Keywords Constructionprojects Progresscontrol Keyissues；Progress,investment,quality is the threeobjectives of the projectthere isa rof mutualdependenceand mutualrestriction betweenthem.Project schedulecontrol isa important componentof projectmanagement andis to ensure thatproject objectivescont completethe prerequisitefor the realizationof,to ensurethe projectduration,the of resources,and lowercosts,toprevent planchanges toobig andimportant guarantefor improvingthe efficiencyof project.Management shouldfocus on the followinaspects

1.Attaches greatimportance toproject constructionpreparationProject preparationis animportantcomponentof constructionproduction,and iti intendedtoproject goals,resource supply and selectionof constructionplan spatialayoutand the variousaspects oftime andmanpower arrangement.It alsoisthfundamental guaranteefor thesmoothconduct ofcivil engineeringconstruction anequipment instalTherefore,preparing carefullyfortechnical beforeconstruction materials,labor organpreparation andover-the-counterpreparations forconstructio sitepreparation,has animportant effecton rationalsupplyingresources tospeed uthe constructionspeed,improving projectquality ensuringconstructionsafety anwinning socialreputation.To strengthen the projectprogress control,you mustattacgreat importanceto theproject preparation,preparation beforeconstruction.

2.Deployment andconstruction of construction programmingConstructionsof comprehensivearrangements for the deploymentproject asawholeand makesdecisionson majorstrategic issuesin construction.Prefect ofconstructio deploymentiseffective controlengineering progress,guarantees engineeringquality andsaves engineeringinvestmentof primaryprotection,and itspreparation shoulreflect reasonableof organizationarrangements and taskdivision,and establishprove of,and reasonablerunning ofProject Manager；sector personnelof setandthedivisio shouldmobilization itsenthusiasm,and makeof；professional playestablished ospecialization constructionorganization systemand forengineeringmin packagedivision constructionstage,determines stagingbatch construction,andcommissioning oarrangementsandma projectand interspersedproject.In additionto thedeployment consistsof perfectconstruction,preparation ofreaconstruction plan,to ensurethe effectiveprogress of theproject,constructio readinessplanningshould alsobeen includedthe developmentspecification.Main sitewide preparations,includes materialsfor ideological,organizational preparationtechnical preparation,and soon.Major itemsof worksorthemain unit of engineerinand specialprojects should be developedin the constructionorganization todesign itconstruction programmed.The aimis thepreparationof technicaland alsoforthconstructionofwell underway andprovides abasis forrationalarrangement ofth projectsite.Therefore,you shouldcalculate thequantity to determine theprocessselect thecommandments andmain constructionmethod oflarge constructionmachine.Engineering determinationof theorder,needto be constructedby stagesandingro shouldbethe firstunderground andthentheground,after thefirst deep-shallow,afte line,extension,underground pipelineconstruction,with thesupply ofvarious typeso material and technicalconditionsand shouldbe balancedand rationalutilizatiof nthesresources betweencoordinatedconstruction ofpromoting balanced.

3.In accordancewith thecontract sduration requirements,wellconstruction progress controlAccording to the durationof thecontract tocomplete construction,both contracrequirementsare alsoobjects toachieve businessgoals.In thisconnection,the consunitsowners withthe constructionunitof the interestsof bothsides arefull consistent.Therefore,strengthening constructionprogresscontrolensures thatth durationofthecontractperformance isa projectmanager andmain contentofthebasi duties.Plan isa prerequisiteforcontrol,if hasnot itwillbeout of control whicis tocompare actualand plannedvalues,identify deviationsduring,and forfeedbac adjustment.Preparation ofconstruction progressplan to control the durationvalue idetermined,and comeup witha guaranteeschemeimplementation ofeffective measurest guaranteethe durationplanned completionofthecontractperiod.Preparation ofprogress isto decidewhat towhen todo,or whentheprogressofthprojectto dowhat extent.Whatever is the process oftheproject itself,or withotheconstruction-related work,shouldbeintegrated into the scheduleto,or,whose progrwant tomakea schedule.Types of project scheduleclassification basedon contentis schemesand supportschemes.Schedule fortheprojectitself is the mostbasic goalp determinesthe durationofthe projectgoals.In ordertoachievethis goal,you havesupport plans,such asplanningmaterial usage,working capitalplanning materialusagequipment use plans,labor useplanto useplan,semi-finished productsand componentssoon.Control thelength oftime itcame fromoverall progress plan andphase planTotal progressschemecontrolthewhole processof projectconstruction,and phasedpla incthe projectconstructionprogress plan and ten-years,quarters,months,weeks ofjo schand soon.It hasatext plan-plan witha chartfrom theexpressions.The formeri widescription ofeach stageofconstruction,andthe image ofprogress toachiev requirethe latteris withimage andsimplecharts toexpress the construction scheduleAs faras Iknow,bar isthe mostcommonly usedscheme,network planning,and slash-typ scheme.I hasoverall progress planandthe partitionplan fromthescope ofmanagement Masterare project-oriented globalstrategy progressoftheplan,〜generally cruderWhile thefor abottle gourdor ProjectProfessional progressoftheworkplan generallymore

4.Preparation of project schedulea.This projectof projectcontract.Provision istodeterminethe durationof thedurationin plannedvalue basis.Project startand completiondates stipulatedin themust be implementedby schedule.Schedule ofthe ultimategoal isthrough reasonableprogressdesign,to guaranteeduration completedon time.b.Construction of enterprise production andmanagement of reasonableplan.Throughthe constructionofenterpriseproductionandmanagementofrational planning,toensureprojectefficiency,isthemajor componentoftheplan.Obeying thebusinessprinciple ofguidance andmeeting therequirements ofenterprise balanceachieve thebestinterests enterprise.c.Drawing information.Drawing informationisthebasis andpremiseofrational deofconstruction schemesfor construction.Constructionprogressplan mustbe linkedwi progressofthe designplan,and mustbe basedonthedate ofdelivery numberagreeme arrangetheappropriate partofthe construction time,which isalso agood wayofcorisk preventionandguarantee constructionquality.d.Construction organizationdesign ofthis projectis oneofthestrong basis for thepreparation ofprojectscheduling.This informationdefines constructioncapacity deploandmethod ofconstruction andreflects the construction characteristicsoftheproject formsthebasis oftargets atvarious stagesin theprocessofdetermining constructione.Materials andequipment supplyplan.If youalready haveonthematerialandequipmentand turnovermaterial supplyplan,theconstructionprogressplanmustbecoordinated withtheproject.In additiontotheabove fivepoints makingprogress ona plansas thebasisforthemain consideration,you shouldbe awareof informationabou constructionconditions,includinghydrological,climate andenvironmental datainthefconstructionand transportationconditions,energy supply,auxiliary productioncapacity priortothepreparationofproject constructionprogressplan,similar toan alreadybuilt oractual constructionschedule needstobecollected,and youshouldserious analysis,or listcontrol constraint,clear theinfluence ofduration toachievemandatory timelimit preparationofprojectprogress aswell prepared.

5.The projectprogressplanoptimizationa.Adjusting theconstruction period.Each projectis composedof manyprocesses,water segmentoftheconstruction havethe samenumber ofprocesses,each procedureit identicalinthevariousconstruction stagesoftheconstruction period,it istheim;adjusting theconstructionperiod thathow tochoose ascientific andrational constructionprocess.Construction technologythat determinedby thefixed constructiortechnology cannot be changed,but theorder oftheconstructionstage canbe changed,Choosing adif orderof constructionofwater,the totaldurationoftheentireconstruction willbechangedaccordingly.Thereforeyou needto findthe shortestperiod ofconstructionofwater tooptimize theorder programforimplementation.b.A balanceduse of resources.In preparingtheconstructionschedule,you musttaaccountthe optimizationofresourcesinto account.It notonly requiresthe resourcestouse lessthan theactual supplyofresources,but alsotries todo thebalance ofresourceconservation use.You shouldmake resourcesavailable forthe useofcontrolwithin theavailablesupplyandthe amountofresourcestouseevery daysimilar.If resource usage isbalanced,resourceusagepeak issmaller andresourcesfunding isless,also thuseconomicbenefitswill certainlybe enhancedaccordingly.。