上海市行知中学2023-2024学年高一下学期第二次月考英语试题

上海市行知中学学年高一下学期第二次月考英语试2023-2024题

一、语法填空Directions:After readingthe passagebelow,fill in the blanksto makethe passagecoherent andgrammaticallycorrect.For theblanks with a givenword,fill ineach blankwith theproper formof thegivenword;for theother blanks,use one word thatbest fitseach blank.Boyan Slat,a Dutchinventor iscleaning the worlds mostpolluted riversin aneffort tosave theoceans.He hasmade ithis mission1remove plastic from the oceans.His organization,The OceanCleanup,has successfullystarted to clean thepollution thathas beencircling in the GreatPacificGarbage Patch.But millionsmore tons of plasticenter theoceans everyyear,almost allof it2flowfrom rivers.Just10rivers areresponsible foraround90%of allthat plastic,3a2017study from theHelmholtz Centrefbr EnvironmentalResearch.So4we focuson theworst rivers,we believewe canreallyhave thefastest andmost cost-effective wayto closethe tapand preventmore plasticfromreaching theoceans in the firstplace JSlat said.The OceanCleanup iseffectively usingfloating trashcollectors called“Interceptors”.Thesesolar-powered,autonomous systemsuse the rivers currentsto guidethe trashonto aconveyor beltthatcany thewaste to5await bins.The first interceptor wentto workin Jakarta,Indonesia,to pullplasticfroma waterwaycalled theCengkarengdrain.A secondinterceptor begancollecting trashflowing downthe Klangriver inKualaLumpur,Malaysia.On theother sideof the world,6Interceptor hasrecently startedremoving riverpollutionnear themouth of the RioOzama in the DominicanRepublic.“7theriveris polluted,the fishdie.Every yearthere areless fishJ LuisPeguero,a local收线拉起fisherman,explained.When Peguerois luckyenough toreel in a catch,it8not besafe forhisfamily toeat.You findstuff in the fish,especially thecatfish.Trash,bottle lids,even ashoe.The双体船fish cantsurvive this,“said Peguero.To him,the modemtrash-collecting catamaranis apeculiarbut welcomesight.The OceanCleanup isworking withthe localgovernments andcommunities to help

六、书信写作

50.Directions:Write anEnglish compositionin120-150words according to theinstructions givenbelowin Chinese.在现代社会，越来越多的人开始重视健康的生活方式，追求身心健康和幸福然而，要想真正实现健康的生活方式并非易事，需要抵抗诱惑，克服困难请结合个人实际情况谈谈你目

1.前有哪些不良的生活习惯；.今后将如何改进2取回retrieve the plastic theInterceptors collect.By stoppingplastic inrivers,we hopeto notonlyaddress thebig globalplastic pollutionissue,but alsoreally helpmake lifebetter for the people9live neartheseproblematic riversJ saidSlat.The OceanCleanups goalis totackle thethousand mostpolluted riverswithin5years.Sooninterceptors10head toVietnam,Thailand,Jamaica andLos AngelesCounty in the UnitedStates.“We aregetting outtonsof plastic everysingle day；Slat said.We acceptthat wewont delivermagicin onego.But weredoing this,step bystep.”

二、选词填空Directions:Fill ineach blankwithaproper wordchosen fromthe box.Each wordcan beused onlyonce.Note that there isonewordmore thanyou need.A.conclusive B.indiscriminate C.awe D.favourable E.uninhabitable F.address G.advocating H.agenda I.attain J.conventional K.oddsThe worldhas warmedmore thanone degreeCelsius sincethe IndustrialRevolution.The Parisclimateagreement hopedto restrictwarming totwo degrees.The11of succeeding,according to a recentstudybased oncurrent emissionstrends,are onein

20.If bysome miraclewe areable tolimit warmingtotwo degrees,we willonly haveto negotiatethe extinctionof the worlds tropicalreefs,12the sea-levelrise ofseveral metersand abandon the PersianGulf.The climatescientist JamesHansen hascalledtwo-degree warminglong-term disaster”,which isnow thebest-case scenario.Four-degree warmingwillmean short-term disaster”:Europe inpermanent drought;vast areasof China,India andBangladeshclaimed bydesert;the AmericanSouthwest largely

13.In thedecade thatran from1979to1989,we hadan excellentopportunity to solve theclimatecrisis.The worldsmajor powerscame withinseveral signaturesof14a globalframework toreducecarbon emissions—far closerthan wevecome since.During thoseyears,the conditionsfor successcouldnot have been more

15.The obstacleswe blamefor ourcurrentinaction hadyet toemerge.Almost nothingstood inour way—nothing exceptourselves.Nearly everythingwe understandnow aboutglobal warmingwas understoodin

1979.Humanbeings have altered Earth9s atmospherethrough the16burning offossil fuels.At thestart of the1980s,scientists within the federalgovernment predictedthat17evidence ofwarming wouldappear on theglobal temperaturerecord by the endof thedecade,at whichpoint itwould betoo lateto avoiddisaster.Areport preparedbytheNational Academyof Sciencesadvised that the carbon-dioxide issueshouldappear on the international18in acontext thatwill maximizecooperation andminimize politicalcontroversyand division.If the world hadadopted theproposal widelysupported at the endof the’80s,warming couldhavebeenheld toless than

1.5degrees.But theyfailed,even thoughtheworldsleading oceanographerHenry Stommeland theHarvardplanetary physicistRichard Goody,whose merepresence couldinspire19,triedto warnhumanity of what wascoming.They riskedtheir careersin apainful campaignto solvetheproblem,firstinscientific reports,later through20avenues ofpolitical persuasionand finallywith astrategyof publicshaming.Their effortswere passionateand theyfailed.Now it is ourturn.

三、完形填空What is the GreatPacific GarbagePatch（）The GreatPacific GarbagePatch GPGPis thelargest of the fiveoffshore plasticaccumulationzones in theworldsoceans.It islocated halfwaybetween Hawaiiand California.PLASTIC21It isestimated that

1.15to

2.41million tonnesofplastic are enteringtheoceaneach yearfromrivers.More thanhalf ofthis plasticis less22than thewater,meaning that it willnot sinkonce itencountersthe sea.（韧性）The strongand floatingplastics showresiliency in the marineenvironment,allowing themto be transportedover23distances.They persistat thesea surfaceas theymake theirway offshore,（汇聚的）transported byconverging currentsand finallyaccumulating inthe patch.（环流）Once theseplastics enter the gyre,they areunlikely toleave thearea untilthey24intosmaller microplasticsunder theeffects ofsun,waves andmarine life.As more andmore plasticsare discardedinto theenvironment,microplastic25intheGPGP willonly continuetoincrease.LOCATIONDue toseasonal andinterannual variabilitiesof windsand currents,the GPGPslocation andshapeare constantlychanging.Only floatingobjects thatare26influenced bycurrents werelikely toremainwithin the patch.By simulatingconcentration levelsintheNorth Pacific,the researcherswere ableto followthelocation of thepatchand foundon averageit orbitsaround32°N and145°W.However,the teamobserved（纬度）seasonal27from westto eastand substantialvariations inlatitude dependingontheyear.IMPACT ONWILDLIFEPlastic hasincreasingly becomea verycommon substanceintheocean.Due toits sizeand color,（缠绕）animals28the plasticfor food,causing malnutrition;it posesentanglement risksand threatenstheiroverall behavior,health,and existence.Studies haveshown thatabout700species haveencountered marinedebris,and92%of these29are withplastic.17%of thespecies affectedby plasticare onthe InternationalUnion forConservation ofNatureRed Listof ThreatenedSpecies.IMPACT ONHUMANS ANDSOCIETYOnce plasticenters themarine foodweb,there isa possibilitythatitwill contaminatethe humanfoodchain aswell.Through aprocess calledbioaccumulation,chemicals inplastics willenterthebody oftheanimal30ontheplastic,and asthe feederbecomes prey,the chemicalswill passto the31—making theirway upthe foodweb thatincludes humans.These chemicalsthat affectedtheplasticfeeders couldthen be32withinthehuman aswell.

33.yearly economiccosts due to marineplasticareestimated tobe between$6-19billion USD.The costs34its impact on tourism,fisheries andaquaculture,and governmentalcleanups.These costsdo notinclude theimpactonhuman health and themarine ecosystemdueto35research available.

21.A.ACCUMULATION B.DRIFT C.FLOATINGD.PROMOTION

22.A.light B.thick C.tiny D.dense

23.A.adjusted B・overdone C-deposited D.extended

24.A.upgrade B.degrade C.assemble D.disassemble

25.A.transportation B.estimation C.concentration D.location

26.A.predominantly B.rarely C.previously D.slightly

27.A.similarity B.shift C.boost D.figure

28.A.exchange B,substitute C.leave D.confuse

29.A.implications B.interactions C.interferences D.influences

30.A.resting B.feeding C.risking D.waiting

31.A.mariner B.prey C-tracker D.predator

32.A.present B,absent C,current D.reliable

33.A.Likewise B.However C.Moreover D.Therefore

34.A.result inB.remove fromC・stem fromD.bring about

35.A.insufficient B.adequate C.insignificant D.substantial

四、阅读理解When youare little,its nothard tobelieve youcan changetheworld.I remembermy enthusiasmwhen,atthe age of12,I addressedthe peopleattheRio EarthSummit.I amonly a child“I toldthem.uYet I know thatif allthe moneyspent onwar wasspent onending povertyand findingenvironmentalanswers,what awonderful placethis worldwould be.At schoolyou teachus not to fightwith others,towork thingsout,to respectothers,tocleanup ourmess,not tohurt othercreatures,to share,not tobegreedy.Then,why doyou goout anddo thething youtell usnottodo Yougrown-ups sayyou loveus,but Ichallenge you,please,to makeour actionsreflect yourwords.”I spokefor sixminutes andreceived astanding ovation.Some ofthe delegateseven cried.I（激励）thought thatmaybe hadreached someof them,that myspeech mightactually spuraction.Now,ten yearsfrom Rio,after Ivesat throughmany moreconferences,Im notsure whathas beenaccomplished.My confidence inthe people in power andinthepower ofan individualsvoice toreachthem hasbeen deeplyshaken.When Iwas little,theworldwas simple.But asa youngadult,Im learningthat aswe haveto makechoices-education,career,lifestyle-life getsmoreandmore complicated.We arebeginning tofeelpressure toproduce andbe successful.We aretaught thateconomic growthis progress,but wearenttaught howto pursuea happy,healthy onsustainable wayof living.And weare leaningthat whatwewanted forthe futurewhen wewere12was idealisticand innocent.Today Imno longerachild,but Imworried about what kindof environmentmy children willgrow upin.Iknowchange ispossible,because I am changing,still figuringoutwhatthink.Iamstilldeciding howto livemy life.The challengesare great,but ifwe acceptindividual responsibilityand makesustainablechoices,we willrise to the challenges,and wewill becomepart ofthe positivetide ofchange.

36.The purposeofwhatthe speakersaid attheage of12was to.A.end povertyand makeschool beautifulB,end povertyand solvethe problemsabout environmentC.find awonderful placeand cleanit upD.find environmentalanswers andkeep thewords that they alwaystold themselves

37.What doestheunderlined word“ovation“inthesecond paragraphrefer to.A.a longperiod oflaughing B.a warmwelcomeC.a longperiod ofclapping andapplauses D.an expressionused forgreeting

38.Which ofthe followingis trueaccording to the passageA.the writerthinks whathe thoughtattheageof12is mature.B.the writerschildrenwillcertainly livein anideal environment.C.the writersconfidenceinthepeopleinpowerhas deeplyshaken theirvoice.D.the writersbelief doesnot changewhen hegrows up.Submitting HomeworkOnlineIn orderto uploadan assignment to the system properly,you mustsave the assignment using oneof the following applications:Microsoft Word,Corel WordPerfect,or MicrosoftExcel.After youcomplete an assignment,itisimportant tosave yourwork.This ensuresthat assignmentbeinguploaded tothe systemisthemost updatedversion.Your wordprocessing programmay attempttosave theassignmenttoa defaultfolder on your computer.We recommendcreating anew folder,namedafter yourcourse,inalocation thatis easyto remember,such asMyDocuments.File NameRequirementsSelect afile namefortheassignment thatis easyto remember.The file name mustNOT containspaces.Any spacesused inthe file name willprevent the file fromuploading tothe system.File namesusingthe extensions.rtf,.html,.zip,.jpg,or.exe areNOT allowed.Review thefollowing examplesto besurethat youuse theproper format:•Example ofan acceptablefile name:lessonl.doc•Example ofan unacceptablefilename:lesson l.docAssignment UploadProcedureMake sureyou savetheassignmentusingoneoftheapplications previouslyidentified andensurethat itmeets the filenamerequirements describedabove.When thefile isready to upload,follow thesesteps:

1.Log intothesystem.

2.Enter youraddress informationand click the CONTINUE button.You will be routedto theDirections“screen.

3.Review thedirections andclick theCONTINUEbutton.You willbe routedtotheSpecialAssignment Uploadscreen.叩

4.Click theBROWSE button.The“Choose File”pop-up windowpears.

5.Navigate tothe locationonyourcomputer whereyou savedyour assignment,and selectthefile.

6.After youhave selectedthefile,clicktheUPLOAD buttontouploadyour assignmentto thesystem.

39.Which filename isacceptable forsubmitting homeworkA.research paper.doc B.research paper.pdfC.researchpaper.doc D.researchpaper.rtf

40.Which ofthefollowingis NOTmentioned inthe passageA.Applications.B.Uploading steps.C.The filename.D.Code numbers.

41.The directionssuggest savinganassignmenttoaspecific folderin ordertohelpthe student.A.navigate thesystem B.remember thelocation ofthe documentC.choose theappropriate applicationD.remember thedocument namequicklyThe questionof whetherour governmentshould promotescience and technology orthe liberalarts命题，in higher education isntan either/or propositionalthough thecurrent emphasison preparingyoungAmericans forSTEM science,technology,engineering,maths-related fieldscan makeit seemthatway.The latestcongressional reportacknowledge thecritical importanceof technicaltraining,but alsoarguesthatthestudy ofthe humanitiesand socialsciences mustremain centralcomponents ofAmericaseducational systemat alllevels.Both arecritical toproducing citizenswho canparticipate effectivelyinour democraticsociety,become innovative leaders,and benefitfromthespiritual enrichmentthat thereflectiononthegreat ideasof mankindover timeprovides.Parents andstudents whohave investedheavily inhigher educationworry aboutgraduates9jobprospects astechnological advancesand changesin domesticand globalmarkets transformprofessions inwaysthat reducewages andcut jobs.Under thesecircumstances,its nationalto lookfor whatmay appeartobe themost practical“way outoftheproblem.Major ina subjectdesigned toget youa job“seems theobviousanswer tosome,though thisignores thefact thatmany disciplinesinthehumanities characterizedassoft”often,in fact,lead toemployment andsuccess inthe longrun.Indeed,accordingtosurveys,employers haveexpressed apreference forstudents whohave receiveda broadly-based educationthat hastaughtthem towrite well,think critically,research creatively,and communicateeasily.Moreover,students should be preparednot justfor theirfirst job,but fortheir4thand5th jobs,astheres littlereason todoubt thatpeople enteringthe workforcetoday willbe calledupon toplay manydifferentroles overthe courseof theircareers.The oneswho willdo thebest inthis newenvironment willbethose whoseeducations haveprepared themtobeflexible.The abilityto drawupon everyavailabletool andinsight-picked upfrom science,arts,andtechnology-tosolvethe problemsofthefuture,andtake advantageoftheopportunities thatpresent themselves,willbehelpful tothem andthe UnitedStates.

42.What does the latestcongressional reportsuggestA.STEM-related subjectshelp studentsfind jobsintheinformation society.B,Higher educationshouldbeadjust edtothepractical needsof society.C.The liberalarts inhighereducationhelp enrichstudents spirituallife.D.The humanitiesand STEMsubjects shouldbe givenequal importance.

43.What isthe mainconcern ofstudents whenthey choosea majorA.Their chancesof gettinga goodjob.B.The academicvalue ofthe courses.C.The qualityof educationto receive.D.Their interestin relevantsubjects.

44.What kindof jobapplicants doemployers lookforA.Those whohaveastrong senseof responsibility.B.Those whoare goodat solvingpractical problems.C.Those whohave receiveda well-rounded education.D.Those whoare likelyto becomeinnovativeleaders.

45..What advicedoestheauthor giveto collegestudentsA.Seize opportunitiesto taptheir potential.B.Try totake avariety ofpractical courses.C・Prepare themselvesfor differentjob options.D.Choose aflexible job.

五、翻译这位艺术家的多数作品都体现了对稳定、和谐生活的向往

46.stable宴会主持人向在场的贵宾致以了最热烈的欢迎

47.extend要保持健康，最重要的是要有均衡的膳食、良好的睡眠以及要规律地适度运动

48.matter尽管养成新习惯耗时费力，但只要你心怀斗志，坚持不懈，终会达成所愿

49.Despite。